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Sheng W, Wang K, Gui Y, Qi X, Shen L, Zhang Y, Tang C, Li X, Tao J, Cao C, Qian W, Liu J. Molecular characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolates from pigeon meat farms in Shanghai (2009-2012). Sci Rep 2024; 14:10741. [PMID: 38730036 PMCID: PMC11087573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) strains are generally non-pathogenic to chickens; however, they can induce severe illness and high mortality rates in pigeons, leading to substantial economic repercussions. The genomes of 11 PPMV-1 isolates from deceased pigeons on meat pigeon farms during passive monitoring from 2009 to 2012 were sequenced and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis. The complete genome lengths of 11 isolates were approximately 15,192 nucleotides, displaying a consistent gene order of 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. ALL isolates exhibited the characteristic motif of 112RRQKRF117 at the fusion protein cleavage site, which is characteristic of velogenic Newcastle disease virus. Moreover, multiple mutations have been identified within the functional domains of the F and HN proteins, encompassing the fusion peptide, heptad repeat region, transmembrane domains, and neutralizing epitopes. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the F gene unveiled that all isolates clustered within genotype VI in class II. Further classification identified at least two distinct sub-genotypes, with seven isolates classified as sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2, whereas the others were classified as sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.1. This study suggests that both sub-genotypes were implicated in severe disease manifestation among meat pigeons, with sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 displaying an increasing prevalence among Shanghai's meat pigeon population since 2011. These results emphasize the value of developing pigeon-specific vaccines and molecular diagnostic tools for monitoring and proactively managing potential PPMV-1 outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Sheng
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Kexuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yaping Gui
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Xinyong Qi
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Liping Shen
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Congsheng Tang
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Shanghai Jiading District Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Chuangui Cao
- Shanghai Jiading District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Weidong Qian
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China.
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Wajid A, Maqsood Q, Ben Said M, Sherzada S, Nooruzzaman M, Batool A, Yin R, Sabra M, Hanif A, Azam Kakar M, Hussain T, Ahmed N. Geographic distribution and genetic diversity of Newcastle disease virus in pigeons from Pakistan. Avian Pathol 2024; 53:134-145. [PMID: 38037737 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2023.2291107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Virulent NDV genotypes were repeatedly isolated from pigeons.Evidence of epidemiological links among viruses isolated from various locations.Distinct phylogenetic branches suggest separate, simultaneous evolution of NDVs.Study information could be helpful in the development of an effective vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, FLS&I, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Quratulain Maqsood
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Department of Basic Sciences, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Shahid Sherzada
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nooruzzaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Andleeb Batool
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Renfu Yin
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Mahmoud Sabra
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Atif Hanif
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tanveer Hussain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nazeer Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, FLS&I, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
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3
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Hossain I, Parvin R, Rahman MM, Begum JA, Chowdhury EH, Islam MR, Diel DG, Nooruzzaman M. Comparative pathogenicity of a genotype XXI.1.2 pigeon Newcastle disease virus isolate in pigeons and chickens. Microb Pathog 2023; 178:106068. [PMID: 36933579 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we performed molecular and pathogenic characterization of a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolate from pigeons in Bangladesh. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the complete fusion gene sequences classified the three study isolates into genotype XXI (sub-genotype XXI.1.2) together with recent NDV isolates obtained from pigeons in Pakistan (2014-2018). The Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis revealed that the ancestor of Bangladeshi pigeon NDVs and the viruses from sub-genotype XXI.1.2 existed in the late 1990s. Pathogenicity testing using mean embryo death time pathotyped the viruses as mesogenic, while all isolates carried multiple basic amino acid residues at the fusion protein cleavage site. Experimental infection of chickens and pigeons revealed no or minimum clinical signs in chickens, while a relatively high morbidity (70%) and mortality (60%) were observed in pigeons. The infected pigeons showed extensive and systemic lesions including hemorrhagic and/or vascular changes in the conjunctiva, respiratory and digestive system and brain, and atrophy in the spleen, while only mild congestion in the lungs was noticed in the inoculated chickens. Histologically, consolidation in the lungs with collapsed alveoli and edema around the blood vessels, hemorrhages in the trachea, severe hemorrhages and congestion, focal aggregation of mononuclear cells, and single hepatocellular necrosis in the liver, severe congestion, multifocal tubular degeneration, and necrosis, as well as mononuclear cell infiltration in the renal parenchyma, encephalomalacia with severe neuronal necrosis with neuronophagia were noticed in the brain in infected pigeons. In contrast, only slight congestion was found in lungs of the infected chickens. qRT-PCR revealed the replication of the virus in both pigeons and chickens; however, higher viral RNA loads were observed in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, respiratory tissues, and spleen of infected pigeons than the chickens. In conclusion, genotype XXI.1.2 NDVs are circulating in the pigeon population of Bangladesh since 1990s, produce high mortality in pigeons with pneumonia, hepatocellular necrosis, renal tubular degeneration, and neuronal necrosis in pigeons, and may infect chickens without overt signs of clinical disease and are likely to shed viruses via the oral or cloacal routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hossain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Rokshana Parvin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mijanur Rahman
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Krishi Khamar Sarak, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan Ara Begum
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Nooruzzaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh; Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Ather S, Wajid A, Batool A, Noureen A, Ain Q, Ayub G, Molouki A, Sultan IN, Mahmood S, Hanif A, Ahmed N. Genomic and comparative clinico-pathological assessment of two Pakistani pigeon-derived newcastle disease virus sub-genotypes XXI.1.1 and XXI.1.2 isolated in 2017. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 94:101957. [PMID: 36808017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type-1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic-variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which is associated with infection in Columbidae family. In this study, we isolated two pigeon-derived strains pi/Pak/Lhr/SA_1/17 (designed as SA_1) and pi/Pak/Lhr/SA_2/17 (designed as SA_2) from diseased pigeons collected in Punjab province in 2017. We performed the whole genome, phylogenetic analysis and comparative clinico-pathological evaluation of two viruses in pigeons. Phylogenetic analysis based on fusion (F) gene and complete genome sequences showed that SA_1 belonged to sub-genotype XXI.1.1 and SA_2 clustered in sub-genotype XXI.1.2. SA_1 and SA_2 viruses contributed to morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Remarkably, although the two viruses resulted in comparatively similar pattern of pathogenesis and replication ability in various tissues of infected pigeons, SA_2 could cause more severe histopathological lesions and had comparatively high replication ability in pigeons than SA_1. Moreover, pigeons infected with SA_2 had higher shedding efficiency than that of pigeons infected with SA_1. Moreover, several aa substitutions in the major functional domains of the F and HN proteins might be contributed to the pathogenic differences between the two isolates in pigeons. Overall, these findings provide us with important insight into the epidemiology and evolution of PPMV-1 in Pakistan and laid the foundation for the further elucidation of the mechanism underlying the pathogenic difference of PPMV-1 in pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Ather
- Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan.
| | - Andleeb Batool
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aasma Noureen
- Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Goher Ayub
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Aidin Molouki
- Department of Poultry Diseases, RAZI vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Imrana Niaz Sultan
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Sara Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Atif Hanif
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazeer Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
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5
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Li Y, Liu J, Wang W, Bai J, Yang Z, Liu H, Xiao S. A pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolated from racing pigeon as an inactivated vaccine candidate provides effective protection. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102097. [PMID: 36055029 PMCID: PMC9449850 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1), a variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), causes severe Newcastle disease (ND) in pigeons. However, there is no PPMV-1 vaccine available worldwide. In this study, a strain of PPMV-1 was isolated from outbreaks in a vaccinated racing pigeon (Columbia livia) loft in China, namely, PPMV-1/pigeon/Gansu/China/02/2020 (GS02). Experimental infection with GS02 showed mortality rates of 100% and 87.50% in 4- and 12-week-old pigeons, respectively, suggesting that GS02 is virulent and more sensitive to young pigeons. The whole genome of GS02 determined the fusion (F) protein possessing virulence cleavage site 112RRQKRF117. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that GS02 was a subgenotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 (VIk) of Class II NDV and more closely related to the JS/06/20/Pi (MW271791) strain, but it was far from the genetic distance from the commercial vaccine chicken-origin La Sota strain. Using inactivated GS02 as a vaccine candidate and inactivated vaccine La Sota to immunize the pigeons, both of them provided complete protection against GS02 challenge. The GS02 vaccine candidate induced higher antibody titers than the La Sota vaccine, and cross-reactivity testing showed antigenically slight differences between GS02 and La Sota. These results indicated that the GS02 candidate could be a potential pigeon-derived vaccine for the prevention and control of PPMV-1 in pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weifan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongkun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haijin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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6
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Yu X, Luo Y, Wang J, Shu B, Jiang W, Liu S, Li Y, Li J, Hou G, Peng C, Wang S, Yuan L, Yu J, Liu H, Wang Z. A molecular, epidemiological and pathogenicity analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 viruses isolated from live bird markets in China in 2014-2021. Virus Res 2022; 318:198846. [PMID: 35691423 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To expand our understanding of the epidemiology of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) in China, risk-based active surveillance was undertaken with pigeon swabs collected from live bird markets in 2014-2021. Seventy-six PPMV-1 strains were isolated from 12 provinces (60%) of the 20 provinces surveyed, and the positive rates of PPMV-1 varied from 0.50% to 3.19% annually. The complete genomic sequences of 18 representative viruses were analyzed, revealing a genome of 15,192 nucleotides, with the gene order 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. All isolates contained the 112RRQKRF117 cleavage site in the fusion (F) protein, a characteristic generally associated with virulent Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs), and the intracerebral pathogenicity index values (1.05-1.41) of four isolates indicated their virulence. A challenge experiment also demonstrated that all four isolates are pathogenic to pigeons, with morbidity rates of 60-100% and mortality rates of 0-30%. A further analysis of the functional domains of the F and HN proteins revealed several mutations in the fusion peptide, signal peptide, neutralizing epitopes, heptad repeat region, and transmembrane domains, and the substitution of cysteine residue 25 (C25Y) and substitutions in the HRb region (V287I) of the F protein and the transmembrane domain (V45A) of the HN protein may play important roles in PPMV-1 virulence. In a phylogenetic analysis based on the complete sequences of the F gene, all eighteen isolates all clustered into sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 (VIb) in class II, and shared high nucleotide sequence identity, indicating that the PPMV-1 strains in sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 are the predominant PPMV-1 viruses in pigeons in China and that the variations in these viruses have been relatively stable over the past 8 years. This study identifies the genetic and pathogenicity characteristics of the PPMV-1 strains prevalent in China and extends our understanding of the prevalence of this virus in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
| | - Yaoyao Luo
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Bo Shu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Yang Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Jinping Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Guangyu Hou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Suchun Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Liping Yuan
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Jianmin Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
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Nooruzzaman M, Barman LR, Mumu TT, Chowdhury EH, Dimitrov KM, Islam MR. A Pigeon-Derived Sub-Genotype XXI.1.2 Newcastle Disease Virus from Bangladesh Induces High Mortality in Chickens. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081520. [PMID: 34452385 PMCID: PMC8402815 DOI: 10.3390/v13081520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a significant pathogen of poultry; however, variants also affect other species, including pigeons. While NDV is endemic in Bangladesh, and poultry isolates have been recently characterized, information about viruses infecting pigeons is limited. Worldwide, pigeon-derived isolates are commonly of low to moderate virulence for chickens. Here, we studied a pigeon-derived NDV isolated in Bangladesh in 2010. To molecularly characterize the isolate, we sequenced its complete fusion gene and performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. We further studied the biological properties of the virus by estimating mean death time (MDT) and by experimentally infecting 5-week-old naïve Sonali chickens. The studied virus clustered in sub-genotype XXI.1.2 with NDV from pigeons from Pakistan isolated during 2014–2018. Deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed a polybasic fusion protein cleavage site motif, typical for virulent NDV. The performed in vivo pathogenicity testing showed a MDT of 40.8 h, and along with previously established intracerebral pathogenicity index of 1.51, these indicated a velogenic pathotype for chickens, which is not typical for pigeon-derived viruses. The experimental infection of chickens resulted in marked neurological signs and high mortality starting at 7 days post infection (dpi). Mild congestion in the thymus and necrosis in the spleen were observed at an advanced stage of infection. Microscopically, lymphoid depletion in the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius were found at 5 dpi, which progressed to severe in the following days. Mild to moderate proliferation of glial cells was noticed in the brain starting at 2 dpi, which gradually progressed with time, leading to focal nodular aggregation. This study reports the velogenic nature for domestic chickens of a pigeon-derived NDV isolate of sub-genotype XXI.1.2. Our findings show that not all pigeon-derived viruses are of low virulence for chickens and highlight the importance of biologically evaluating the pathogenicity of NDV isolated from pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nooruzzaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Lalita Rani Barman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Tanjin Tamanna Mumu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
| | - Kiril M. Dimitrov
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, 483 Agronomy Rd, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Correspondence: (K.M.D.); (M.R.I.)
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.N.); (L.R.B.); (T.T.M.); (E.H.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.D.); (M.R.I.)
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8
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Chang H, Feng S, Wang Y, Li F, Su Q, Wang B, Du J, He H. Isolation and Pathogenic Characterization of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 via Different Inoculation Routes in Pigeons. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:569901. [PMID: 33681314 PMCID: PMC7925627 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.569901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type I (PPMV-1) causes regular outbreaks in pigeons and even poses a pandemic threat among chickens and other birds. The birds infected with PPMV-1 mainly show a pathological damage in the respiratory system, digestive system, and nervous system. However, there were few reports on the efficiency of the virus entering the host via routes of different systems. In the present study, a PPMV-1 strain was obtained from a dead wild pigeon in 2016 in Beijing, China. The mean death time (MDT) and the intracerebral pathogenicity (ICPI) of our isolate showed medium virulence. Phylogenetic analysis based on F gene sequence showed that the isolate belonged to subgenotype VIb, class II, which dominated in China in recent years. Then, we evaluated the infection efficiency of different routes. Pigeons were randomly divided into five groups of six as follows: intracephalic (IC), intranasal (IN), and intraoral (IO) infection routes, cohabitation infection (CO), and negative control (N negative). All pigeons were inoculated with 100 μl·106 EID50 PPMV-1 virus. After infection, pathological lesions, virus shedding, body weight change, survival rate, and tissue tropism were tested to compare the efficiency of the different infected routes. The mortality of groups IC, IN, IO, and CO were 100, 66.7, 50, and 33.3%, respectively. Weight loss in group IC was higher than the other groups, followed by groups IN and IO. The lesions observed in PPMV-1-infected pigeons were severe, especially in the lung and intestine in group IC. Viral shedding was observed from 2 dpi in groups IC and IN, but the shedding rate was higher in group IN than group IC. The longest period was in group CO. Tissue tropism experiment showed that our isolate has a wide range of tissue distribution, and the virus titer in the heart and intestine of group IC and in the brain of group IN was higher. Our data may help us to evaluate the risk of transmission of PPMV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chang
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyong Feng
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, China
| | - Fuhuang Li
- Department of Microbiology, Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxuan He
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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Comparative pathogenicity of two closely related Newcastle disease virus isolates from chicken and pigeon respectively. Virus Res 2020; 286:198091. [PMID: 32659306 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a highly contagious disease that has led to tremendous economic losses worldwide. Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic and host variant of NDV. However, limited in-depth studies are available concerning side-by-side comparison of pathogenicity of PPMV-1 and its phylogenetically close NDV both in chickens and pigeons. To this end, two phylogenetically closely related NDV isolates, Kuwait 256 and JS/07/04/Pi from chicken and pigeon respectively were pathotypically and genotypically characterized in this study. The results indicated that Kuwait 256 was a velogenic strain, while JS/07/04/Pi was a mesogenic strain based on the mean death time of chick embryos (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index in 1-day-old chicks (ICPI). Pathogenicity tests showed that Kuwait 256 caused severe clinical signs and 100 % mortality, while JS/07/04/Pi caused no apparent disease in chickens. Interestingly, both Kuwait 256 and JS/07/04/Pi caused morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Notably, pigeons infected with JS/07/04/Pi exhibited viral shedding for longer time compared to Kuwait 256-infected pigeons. Collectively, the findings of this study suggested that PPMV-1 decreased the pathogenicity in chickens but gained a survival advantage over NDV of chicken origin after its adaptive variation in pigeons based on the previous evidence that PPMV-1 originated from chicken-origin viruses. This study laid the foundation for the elucidation of the molecularmechanism underlying difference in pathogenicity of PPMV-1 and chicken-origin NDV in chickens.
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10
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Rehman ZU, Ren S, Yang B, Yang X, Butt SL, Afzal A, Malik MI, Sun Y, Yu S, Meng C, Ding C. Newcastle disease virus induces testicular damage and disrupts steroidogenesis in specific pathogen free roosters. Vet Res 2020; 51:84. [PMID: 32600413 PMCID: PMC7322901 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), which is caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), can cause heavy economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. It is characterised by extensive pathologies of the digestive, respiratory, and nervous systems and can cause severe damage to the reproductive system of egg-laying hens. However, it is unknown whether NDV replicates in the male reproductive system of chickens and induces any pathologies. In this study, we selected a representative strain (i.e. ZJ1) of the most common genotype (i.e. VII) of NDV to investigate whether NDV can induce histological, hormonal, and inflammatory responses in the testes of specific pathogen free (SPF) roosters. NDV infection increased the expression of toll like receptor TLR3, TLR7, MDA5, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-8, and CXCLi1 in the testes of NDV-infected roosters at 5 days post-infection (dpi). Severe histological changes, including decrease in the number of Sertoli cells and individualized, shrunken spermatogonia with pyknotic nuclei, were observed at 3 dpi. At 5 dpi, the spermatogenic columns were disorganized, and there were fewer cells, which were replaced by necrotic cells, lipid vacuoles, and proteinaceous homogenous material. A significant decrease in the plasma concentrations of testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) and the mRNA expression of their receptors in the testes, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme, and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the NDV-infected group was observed relative to those in the control group (P < 0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that NDV infection induces a severe inflammatory response and histological changes, which decrease the steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaib Ur Rehman
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China.,Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, 46300, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shanhui Ren
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Salman Latif Butt
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Alia Afzal
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Muhammad Irfan Malik
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chunchun Meng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, 200241, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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11
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Xie P, Chen L, Zhang Y, Lin Q, Ding C, Liao M, Xu C, Xiang B, Ren T. Evolutionary Dynamics and Age-Dependent Pathogenesis of Sub-Genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 PPMV-1 in Pigeons. Viruses 2020; 12:v12040433. [PMID: 32290416 PMCID: PMC7232354 DOI: 10.3390/v12040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) infection causes high morbidity in pigeons, resulting in a significant burden to the poultry industry. In this study, we isolated three PPMV-1 strains from diseased pigeons collected in Guangdong Province, South China, from June 2017 to April 2019. Genetic analysis revealed that these three PPMV-1 strains and most of the PPMV-1 strains isolated from China after 2011 were clustered into sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Our Bayesian analysis revealed that the VI.2.1.1.2.2 viruses might have originated in Europe. Phylogeographic analyses revealed that East and South China might have played a key role in seeding the VI.2.1.1.2.2 PPMV-1 epidemic in China. To characterize the effect of age at infection on the outcome of PPMV-1 infection in pigeons, we investigated the pathogenesis and transmission of the pigeon/Guangdong/GZ08/2017 (GZ08) virus in 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old pigeons. Two of six 12-week-old pigeons inoculated with GZ08 survived, and all of the 3- and 6-week-pigeons inoculated with GZ08 died. Moreover, the GZ08 virus could be transmitted to 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old naïve contact pigeons. The lethality of the GZ08 virus through contact with 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old pigeons was 100%, 66.7%, and 0%, respectively, suggesting that the transmissibility of the GZ08 virus was stronger in young pigeons. These findings demonstrated that East and South China was the epicenter for dissemination of VI.2.1.1.2.2 PPMV-1, and age at infection has an impact on the outcome of PPMV-1 infection in pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Libin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiuyan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China;
| | - Ming Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chenggang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (B.X.); (T.R.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-3054 (T.R.); Fax: +86-20-85280234 (T.R.)
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (B.X.); (T.R.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-3054 (T.R.); Fax: +86-20-85280234 (T.R.)
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12
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Tian Y, Xue R, Yang W, Li Y, Xue J, Zhang G. Characterization of ten paramyxovirus type 1 viruses isolated from pigeons in China during 1996-2019. Vet Microbiol 2020; 244:108661. [PMID: 32402346 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic variant of avian paramyxovirus type 1, which mainly infects pigeons. Here, we characterized ten PPMV-1 viruses isolated from pigeons in China during 1996-2019. Phylogenetic analysis of available complete genomes, F and HN genes of PPMV-1 from China showed that multiple PPMV-1 genotypes (I, II, VI, and VII) exist in pigeons in China. Ten PPMV-1 viruses isolated in this study belonged to genotypes VI.1.2.2.2, VI.2.1.1.2.1, VI.2.1.1.2.2 and VII respectively. Genotype VI is predominant in pigeons. VI.2.1.1.2.2 contains most recently isolated PPMV-1 viruses, suggesting that VI.2.1.1.2.2 is a prevalent genotype in pigeons in China. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that four representative viruses from genotypes VI.2.1.1.2.1 (TA14), VI.2.1.1.2.2 (SD19), VI.1.2.2.2 (SD16), and VII (JN08) could replicate efficiently in chicken embryo fibroblasts, while the replication titer of JN08 (VII) virus was significantly lower than that of VI gene viruses in pigeon embryo fibroblasts. The TA14 (VI.2.1.1.2.1) and SD19 (VI.2.1.1.2.2) viruses caused 20 % and 30 % mortality in pigeons, respectively. No birds infected with SD16 (VI.1.2.2.2) died during the study period. JN08 (VII) virus did not cause obvious clinical signs in infected pigeons. All data indicated that VI.2.1.1.2.2 is the prevalent genotype circulating in China and poses a major threat to pigeons, suggesting that a matched vaccine is necessary to control the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruixue Xue
- Shandong Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wanting Yang
- Shandong Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Shandong Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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13
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Ul-Rahman A, Shabbir MAB, Ahmed M, Shabbir MZ. A comparative evaluation of serum biochemistry profile and antigenic relatedness among velogenic and mesogenic Avian avulavirus 1 infection in chickens and pigeons. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:1977-1984. [PMID: 31981052 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), affects variety of avian species around the globe. Several AAvV 1 viruses of different genotypes have recently emerged with varying clinical impacts on their susceptible hosts. Although experimental infection with velogenic and mesogenic strains in chickens and pigeons is well-studied, nevertheless, there exists a paucity of data for comparative variations in serum biochemistry profile of susceptible hosts upon challenge with isolates of varying pathogenicities. With this background, a comparative assessment of a range of serum biochemical parameters was made following challenge with duck-originated velogenic strain (sub-genotype VIIi; MF437287) and pigeon-originated mesogenic strain (sub-genotype VIm; KU885949) in chickens and pigeons. For each of the isolate, commercial broiler chickens and wild pigeons were challenged (10-6.51 EID50/0.1 mL for sub-genotype VIIi and 10-6.87 EID50/0.1 mL sub-genotype Vim) separately via intranasal and intraocular route. Sera were collected on 0, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th day post-infection (dpi), and processed for quantitative analysis of different biochemical parameters. By day 3 post-infection (pi), a substantial decrease (p < 0.0001) in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was observed in chickens and pigeons challenged with velogenic isolate. On the other hand, from day 5 pi and onward, a significant increase (p < 0.001) in serum ALP and total protein concentration was observed exclusively in pigeons challenged with mesogenic isolate. For serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), a significant increase (p < 0.05) in concentration was observed on day 3 pi which decreased from day 5 pi and onward in pigeons and chickens challenged with mesogenic isolate. Also, to reveal antigenic differences among homologous and heterologous vaccine and field-prevalent strains, cross-hemagglutination inhibition assay demonstrated antigenically diverse nature (R-value < 0.5) of both strains from vaccine strain (LaSota, genotype II). The study concludes antigenic differences among prevalent genotypes than vaccine strain and, although requires further studies to ascertain study outcomes, the serum biochemical profile may facilitate presumptive diagnosis of disease in their susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ul-Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
- Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
| | | | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
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14
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Aziz-Ul-Rahman, Rohaim MA, El Naggar RF, Mustafa G, Chaudhry U, Shabbir MZ. Comparative clinico-pathological assessment of velogenic (sub-genotype VIIi) and mesogenic (sub-genotype VIm) Avian avulavirus 1 in chickens and pigeons. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:610-621. [PMID: 31403322 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1648751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent Avian avulavirus 1 (AAvV 1), affects a wide range of avian species worldwide. Recently, several AAvVs of diverse genotypes have emerged with varying genomic and residue substitutions, and subsequent clinical impact on susceptible avian species. We assessed the clinico-pathological influence of two different AAvV 1 pathotypes [wild bird originated-velogenic strain (sub-genotype VIIi, MF437287) and feral pigeon originated-mesogenic strain (sub-genotype VIm, KU885949)] in commercial broiler chickens and pigeons. The velogenic strain caused 100% mortality in both avian species while the mesogenic strain caused 0% and 30% mortality in chickens and pigeons, respectively. Both strains showed tissue tropism for multiple tissues including visceral organs; however, minor variances were observed according to host and pathotype. The observed gross and microscopic lesions were typical of AAvV 1 infection. Utilizing oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, a comparable pattern of viral shedding was observed for both strains from each of the infected individuals of both avian species. The study concludes a varying susceptibility of chickens and pigeons to different wild bird-originated AAvV 1 pathotypes and, therefore, suggests continuous monitoring and surveillance of currently prevailing strains for effective control of the disease worldwide, particularly in disease-endemic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz-Ul-Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore Pakistan.,Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore Pakistan
| | - Mohammed A Rohaim
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University , Giza , Egypt.,Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University , Lancaster , UK
| | - Rania F El Naggar
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City , Sadat , Egypt
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Umer Chaudhry
- Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, University of Edinburgh , Roslin, Midlothian , UK
| | - Muhammad Zubair Shabbir
- Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Lahore Pakistan
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15
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Hicks JT, Dimitrov KM, Afonso CL, Ramey AM, Bahl J. Global phylodynamic analysis of avian paramyxovirus-1 provides evidence of inter-host transmission and intercontinental spatial diffusion. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:108. [PMID: 31126244 PMCID: PMC6534909 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Avian avulavirus (commonly known as avian paramyxovirus-1 or APMV-1) can cause disease of varying severity in both domestic and wild birds. Understanding how viruses move among hosts and geography would be useful for informing prevention and control efforts. A Bayesian statistical framework was employed to estimate the evolutionary history of 1602 complete fusion gene APMV-1 sequences collected from 1970 to 2016 in order to infer viral transmission between avian host orders and diffusion among geographic regions. Ancestral states were estimated with a non-reversible continuous-time Markov chain model, allowing transition rates between discrete states to be calculated. The evolutionary analyses were stratified by APMV-1 classes I (n = 198) and II (n = 1404), and only those sequences collected between 2006 and 2016 were allowed to contribute host and location information to the viral migration networks. RESULTS While the current data was unable to assess impact of host domestication status on APMV-1 diffusion, these analyses supported the sharing of APMV-1 among divergent host taxa. The highest supported transition rate for both classes existed from domestic chickens to Anseriformes (class I:6.18 transitions/year, 95% highest posterior density (HPD) 0.31-20.02, Bayes factor (BF) = 367.2; class II:2.88 transitions/year, 95%HPD 1.9-4.06, BF = 34,582.9). Further, among class II viruses, domestic chickens also acted as a source for Columbiformes (BF = 34,582.9), other Galliformes (BF = 34,582.9), and Psittaciformes (BF = 34,582.9). Columbiformes was also a highly supported source to Anseriformes (BF = 322.0) and domestic chickens (BF = 402.6). Additionally, our results provide support for the diffusion of viruses among continents and regions, but no interhemispheric viral exchange between 2006 and 2016. Among class II viruses, the highest transition rates were estimated from South Asia to the Middle East (1.21 transitions/year; 95%HPD 0.36-2.45; BF = 67,107.8), from Europe to East Asia (1.17 transitions/year; 95%HPD 0.12-2.61; BF = 436.2) and from Europe to Africa (1.06 transitions/year, 95%HPD 0.07-2.51; BF = 169.3). CONCLUSIONS While migration appears to occur infrequently, geographic movement may be important in determining viral diversification and population structure. In contrast, inter-order transmission of APMV-1 may occur readily, but most events are transient with few lineages persisting in novel hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Hicks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D. W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Kiril M Dimitrov
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, ARS, USDA, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Claudio L Afonso
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Disease Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, US National Poultry Research Center, ARS, USDA, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Andrew M Ramey
- US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Justin Bahl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D. W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. .,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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16
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Xiang B, You R, Kang Y, Xie P, Zhu W, Sun M, Gao P, Li Y, Ren T. Host immune responses of pigeons infected with Newcastle disease viruses isolated from pigeons. Microb Pathog 2018; 127:131-137. [PMID: 30508624 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND), affecting over 250 bird species, is caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). ND is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Most studies investigating NDV in pigeons have focused on the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the virus. However, the host immune responses in pigeons infected with NDVs remains largely unclear. In this study, we investigated the host immune responses in pigeons infected with two NDV stains, a pigeon paramyxovirus type 1(PPMV-1) strain, GZH14, and a genotype II virus, KP08. Although no mortality was observed upon infection with either virus, obvious neurological effects were observed in the GZH14-infected pigeons but not in the KP08-infected pigeons. Both viruses could replicate in the examined tissues, namely brain, lung, spleen, trachea, kidney, and bursa of Fabricius. The expression level of RIG-I, IL-6, IL-1β, CCL5, and IL-8 were up-regulated by both viruses in the brain, lung and spleen at 3 and 7 days post-infection. Notably, these proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines showed more intense expression in the brain, when induced by the GZH14 strain than with the KP08 strain. These results indicate that the intense inflammatory responses induced by PPMV-1 in the brain may be a critical determinant of neurological symptoms in pigeons infected with PPMV-1. Our study provides new insight into the pathogenicity of PPMV-1 in pigeons attributable to the host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Renrong You
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yinfeng Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenxian Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minhua Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pei Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, China.
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