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Lin Y, Li D, Zhou C, Wu Y, Miao P, Dong Q, Zhu S, Pan C. Application of insecticides on peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) induces lignin accumulation in leaves by consuming phenolic acids and thus potentially deteriorates quality. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 279:153836. [PMID: 36244262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Irrational use of pesticides may lead to physiological and metabolic disorders in different crops. However, there are limited investigations on impacts of insecticides on physiology and biochemistry, secondary metabolic pathways, and associated quality of medicinal plants such as peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.). In this study, target metabolites in peppermint were monitored following foliar spraying of five insecticides: imidacloprid, pyriproxyfen, acetamiprid, chlorantraniliprole, and chlorfenapyr. Compared with the control, all insecticide treatments caused a significant loss of soluble protein (decreased by 22.3-38.7%) in peppermint leaves. Insecticides induced an increase in the levels of phytohormones jasmonic acid and abscisic acid in response to these chemical stresses. Among them, imidacloprid increased jasmonic acid by 388.3%, and pyriproxyfen increased abscisic acid by 98.8%. The contents of phenylpropanoid metabolites, including rutin, quercetin, apigenin, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, and sinapic acid showed a decreasing trend, with pyriproxyfen decreasing the levels of quercetin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid by 78.8% and 72.6%, respectively. Combined with correlation analysis, the content of lignin in leaves shows different degrees of negative correlations with several phenolic acids. It could be inferred that insecticides may trigger plant defense mechanisms that accumulate lignin (increased by 24.6-49.1%) in leaves by consuming phenolic acids to barricade absorption of insecticides. Through constructing networks between phytohormones and secondary metabolites, peppermint may regulate the contents of caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and sinapic acid by the antagonistic effect between salicylic acid and abscisic acid in response to insecticidal stresses. Principal component analysis and systemic cluster analysis revealed that the most pronounced changes in physiological indexes and metabolites were caused by the pyriproxyfen treatment. In conclusion, this study improves our understanding of the mechanism by which insecticides affect plant physiological and metabolic processes, thus potentially altering the quality and therapeutic value of peppermint as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxi Lin
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yangliu Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peijuan Miao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qinyong Dong
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunan, 650201, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Fuchs LK, Holland AH, Ludlow RA, Coates RJ, Armstrong H, Pickett JA, Harwood JL, Scofield S. Genetic Manipulation of Biosynthetic Pathways in Mint. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:928178. [PMID: 35774811 PMCID: PMC9237610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the study of aromatic plants has seen an increase, with great interest from industrial, academic, and pharmaceutical industries. Among plants attracting increased attention are the Mentha spp. (mint), members of the Lamiaceae family. Mint essential oils comprise a diverse class of molecules known as terpenoids/isoprenoids, organic chemicals that are among the most diverse class of naturally plant derived compounds. The terpenoid profile of several Mentha spp. is dominated by menthol, a cyclic monoterpene with some remarkable biological properties that make it useful in the pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, and cleaning product industries. As the global market for Mentha essential oils increases, the desire to improve oil composition and yield follows. The monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathway is well characterised so metabolic engineering attempts have been made to facilitate this improvement. This review focuses on the Mentha spp. and attempts at altering the carbon flux through the biosynthetic pathways to increase the yield and enhance the composition of the essential oil. This includes manipulation of endogenous and heterologous biosynthetic enzymes through overexpression and RNAi suppression. Genes involved in the MEP pathway, the menthol and carvone biosynthetic pathways and transcription factors known to affect secondary metabolism will be discussed along with non-metabolic engineering approaches including environmental factors and the use of plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz K. Fuchs
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ryan J. Coates
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Harvey Armstrong
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - John A. Pickett
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Harwood
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Scofield
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Ma C, Bian C, Liu W, Sun Z, Xi X, Guo D, Liu X, Tian Y, Wang C, Zheng X. Strigolactone alleviates the salinity-alkalinity stress of Malus hupehensis seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:901782. [PMID: 35937337 PMCID: PMC9354494 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.901782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Salinity-alkalinity stress can remarkably affect the growth and yield of apple. Strigolactone (SL) is a class of carotenoid-derived compounds that functions in stress tolerance. However, the effects and mechanism of exogenous SL on the salinity-alkalinity tolerance of apple seedlings remain unclear. Here, we assessed the effect of SL on the salinity-alkalinity stress response of Malus hupehensis seedlings. Results showed that treatment with 100 μM exogenous SL analog (GR24) could effectively alleviate salinity-alkalinity stress with higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate than the apple seedlings without GR24 treatment. The mechanism was also explored: First, exogenous GR24 regulated the expression of Na+/K+ transporter genes and decreased the ratio of Na+/K+ in the cytoplasm to maintain ion homeostasis. Second, exogenous GR24 increased the enzyme activities of superoxide, peroxidase and catalase, thereby eliminating reactive oxygen species production. Third, exogenous GR24 alleviated the high pH stress by regulating the expression of H+-ATPase genes and inducing the production of organic acid. Last, exogenous GR24 application increased endogenous acetic acid, abscisic acid, zeatin riboside, and GA3 contents for co-responding to salinity-alkalinity stress indirectly. This study will provide important theoretical basis for analyzing the mechanism of exogenous GR24 in improving salinity-alkalinity tolerance of apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanjie Bian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangli Xi
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Dianming Guo
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong Zheng,
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Zhang L, Wu P, Li W, Feng T, Shockey J, Chen L, Zhang L, Lü S. Triacylglycerol biosynthesis in shaded seeds of tung tree (Vernicia fordii) is regulated in part by Homeodomain Leucine Zipper 21. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:1735-1753. [PMID: 34643970 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Light quantity and quality affect many aspects of plant growth and development. However, few reports have addressed the molecular connections between seed oil accumulation and light conditions, especially dense shade. Shade-avoiding plants can redirect plant resources into extension growth at the expense of leaf and root expansion in an attempt to reach areas containing richer light. Here, we report that tung tree seed oil accumulation is suppressed by dense shade during the rapid oil accumulation phase. Transcriptome analysis confirmed that oil accumulation suppression due to dense shade was attributed to reduced expression of fatty acid and triacylglycerol biosynthesis-related genes. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified 32 core transcription factors (TFs) specifically upregulated in densely shaded seeds during the rapid oil accumulation period. Among these, VfHB21, a class I homeodomain leucine zipper TF, was shown to suppress expression of FAD2 and FADX, two key genes related to α-eleostearic acid, by directly binding to HD-ZIP I/II motifs in their respective promoter regions. VfHB21 also binds to similar motifs in the promoters of VfWRI1 and VfDGAT2, two additional key seed lipid regulatory/biosynthetic genes. Functional conservation of HB21 during plant evolution was demonstrated by the fact that AtWRI1, AtSAD1, and AtFAD2 were downregulated in VfHB21-overexpressor lines of transgenic Arabidopsis, with concomitant seed oil reduction, and the fact that AtHB21 expression also was induced by shade. This study reveals some of the regulatory mechanisms that specifically control tung tree seed oil biosynthesis and more broadly regulate plant storage carbon partitioning in response to dense shade conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wenying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Tao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jay Shockey
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Shiyou Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Wu X, Liu Z, Liao W. The involvement of gaseous signaling molecules in plant MAPK cascades: function and signal transduction. PLANTA 2021; 254:127. [PMID: 34812934 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03792-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the interaction of gaseous signaling molecules and MAPK cascade components, which further reveals the specific mechanism of the crosstalk between MAPK cascade components and gaseous signaling molecules. Plants have evolved complex and sophisticated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades that are engaged in response to environmental stress. There is currently compelling experimental evidence that gaseous signaling molecules are involved in MAPK cascades. During stress, nitric oxide (NO) activates MAPK cascades to transmit stimulus signals, and MAPK cascades also regulate NO biosynthesis to mediate NO-dependent physiological processes. Activated MAPK cascades lead to phosphorylation of specific sites of aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase to regulate the ethylene biosynthesis-signaling pathway. Hydrogen sulfide functions upstream of MAPKs and regulates the MAPK signaling pathway at the transcriptional level. Here, we describe the function and signal transduction of gaseous signaling molecules involved in MAPK cascades and focus on introducing and discussing the recent data obtained in this field concerning the interaction of gaseous signaling molecules and MAPK cascades. In addition, this article outlines the direction and challenges of future work and further reveals the specific mechanism of the crosstalk between MAPK cascade components and gaseous signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetong Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiya Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Zheng X, Li Y, Xi X, Ma C, Sun Z, Yang X, Li X, Tian Y, Wang C. Exogenous Strigolactones alleviate KCl stress by regulating photosynthesis, ROS migration and ion transport in Malus hupehensis Rehd. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:113-122. [PMID: 33359960 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In recent years, the application of large amounts of potash fertilizer in apple orchards leads to worsening KCl stress. Strigolactone (SL), as a novel phytohormone, reportedly participates in plant tolerance to NaCl and drought stresses. However, the underlying mechanism and the effects of exogenous SL on the KCl stress of apple seedlings remain unclear. METHODS We sprayed different concentrations of exogenous SL on Malus hupehensis Rehd. under KCl stress and measured the physiological indexes like, photosynthetic parameter, content of ROS, osmolytes and mineral element. In addition, the expressions of KCl-responding genes and SL-signaling genes were also detected and analyzed. RESULTS Application of exogenous SL protected the chlorophyll and maintained the photosynthetic rate of apple seedlings under KCl stress. Exogenous SL strengthened the enzyme activities of peroxidase and catalase, thereby eliminating reactive oxygen species production induced by KCl stress, promoting the accumulation of proline, and maintaining osmotic balance. Exogenous SL expelled K+ outside of the cytoplasm and compartmentalized K+ into the vacuole, increased the contents of Na+, Mg2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ in the cytoplasm to maintain the ion homeostasis under KCl stress. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous SL can regulate photosynthesis, ROS migration and ion transport in apple seedlings to alleviate KCl stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiangli Xi
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China; College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xueqing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Alavi SA, Ghehsareh AM, Soleymani A, Panahpour E, Mozafari M. Pepermint (Mentha piperita L.) growth and biochemical properties affected by magnetized saline water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110775. [PMID: 32535365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limitation of suitable water for crop production in the world, recycling water is among the most proper methods enhancing water efficiency and availability. One modern method, which is of economic, health, and environmental significance, and may improve water properties for plant use is water magnetization. Medicinal plants are of nutritional, economic and medical values and their growth decreases under salinity stresses. This research was hypothesized and conducted because there is not any data, to our knowledge, on the use of magnetized salty water affecting the growth and biochemical properties of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). The experiment was a split plot design with three replicates. The main plots consisted of magnetic fields at control (M1), 100 mT (M2), 200 mT (M3), and 300 mT (M4), the sub-plots consisted of salinity treatments (NaCl) at control (S1), 4 dS/m (S2), 8 dS/m (S3), and 12 dS/m (S4), and the growth media including cocopeat (X1), palm (X2), cocopeat + perlite (V/V = 50, X3) and palm + perlite (V/V = 50, X4) were located in the sub-sub-plots. Different plant growth and biochemical properties including plant fresh and dry weight, plant menthol, menthone, chlorophyll and proline contents were determined. Analysis of variance indicated the significant effects of experimental treatments and their interactions on the growth and biochemistry of peppermint. Different magnetic fields significantly increased plant growth, and interestingly with increasing the salinity level the alleviating effects of magnetic field on salinity stress became more clear (significant interaction between salinity and magnetic field treatments). Cocopeat was the most efficient growth medium. At the third level of salinity (8 dS/m) just the two levels of 100 and 200 mT increased plant menthol concentration. Treatments M3S2X4 and M1S1X1 resulted in the highest (38%) and the least menthol percentage (13%), respectively. Treatments S2 and M2 and M3 significantly increased plant menthone concentration, especially in the growth media of X1 and X3. However, at the third level of salinity, M3 and M4 were the most effective treatments. The highest (25.8%) and the least (1.2%) concentrations of menthone were related to treatments M3S2X4 and M2S4X1, respectively. The results indicated that it is possible to alleviate the stress of salinity on peppermint growth and improve its biochemical (medicinal) properties using magnetized salty water, although proline concentration was not much affected by the magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Amin Alavi
- Department of Soil Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ali Soleymani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran; Plant Improvement and Seed Production Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Panahpour
- Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Mozafari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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He X, Wang C, Wang H, Li L, Wang C. The Function of MAPK Cascades in Response to Various Stresses in Horticultural Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:952. [PMID: 32849671 PMCID: PMC7412866 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved signaling transduction module that transduces extracellular stimuli into intracellular responses in plants. Early studies of plant MAPKs focused on their functions in model plants. Based on the results of whole-genome sequencing, many MAPKs have been identified in horticultural plants, such as tomato and apple. Recent studies revealed that the MAPK cascade also plays crucial roles in the biotic and abiotic stress responses of horticultural plants. In this review, we summarize the composition and classification of MAPK cascades in horticultural plants and recent research on this cascade in responses to abiotic stresses (such as drought, extreme temperature and high salinity) and biotic stresses (such as pathogen infection). In addition, we discuss the most advanced research themes related to plant MAPK cascades, thus facilitating research on MAPK cascade functions in horticultural plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen He
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, China
| | | | - Haibo Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, China
| | - Linguang Li
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Li J, Tian B. Peppermint Essential Oil Toxicity to the Pear Psylla (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and Potential Applications in the Field. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:1307-1314. [PMID: 32010952 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chinese pear psylla (Cacopsylla chinensis Yang et Li) is a serious orchard pest that causes declines in fruit quality through feeding damage and the spread of pathogens. The rapid development of chemical pesticide resistance has become a severe problem in controlling pear psylla. Thus, the development of natural pesticides to replace conventional chemical pesticides is urgently needed. Here, we found that the essential oil of peppermint (Mentha haplocalyx Briq. [Lamiales: Labiatae]) is an ideal agent for controlling pear psylla based on experiments in the laboratory and the field. The major constituents of peppermint essential oil were found including menthol (49.73%), menthone (30.52%), α-pinene (3.60%), and α-terpineol (3.81%). This oil and chemicals in it performed serious contact toxicity against the winter-form adults and nymphs of pear psylla, yielding LD50 values of 2.54, 10.71, 2.77, 5.85, and 12.58 μg/adult and 1.91, 9.56, 2.18, 4.98, and 12.07 μg/nymph, respectively. Furthermore, the essential oil strongly repelled the adults of pear psylla with 78% repellence at the highest concentration tested in a Y-tube olfactometer in the laboratory. The combined effect of the two factors made peppermint essential oil a natural pesticide, which achieved a maximum reduction of round to 80.9% in winter-form adult population and round to 67.0% in nymph population at the concentration of 4.0 ml/L in the field. Additionally, it had no effect on the natural enemies of pear psylla in the field. Therefore, peppermint essential oil has potential as an alternative to chemical pesticides for pest control in integrated pest management programs in pear orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jin Ming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Baoliang Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jin Ming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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10
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Guo K, Sui Y, Li Z, Huang Y, Zhang H, Wang W. Colonization of Trichoderma viride Tv-1511 in peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) roots promotes essential oil production by triggering ROS-mediated MAPK activation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 151:705-718. [PMID: 32353676 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) is a flavoring additive used worldwide, and Trichoderma species are beneficial fungi that can stimulate growth and disease resistance of these plants. Here the growth conditions and metabolic processes of essential oil (EO) biosynthesis in response to inoculation with Trichoderma viride Tv-1511 were investigated. The results showed that T. viride Tv-1511 was able to colonize roots of peppermint to promote its growth and photosynthetic activity and induce higher levels of glandular trichomes and elevated EO yield and composition. GC-MS analysis showed that T. viride Tv-1511-inoculated peppermint produced higher concentrations of menthone, menthol, and pulegone and lower concentrations of menthofuran than un-inoculated seedlings, and qRT-PCR showed that T. viride Tv-1511 inoculation induced upregulation of Pr (pulegone reductase encoding gene) and Mr (menthone reductase encoding gene), whereas it led to the downregulation of Mfs (menthofuran synthase encoding gene). Furthermore, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in peppermint, which was determined to be an analog of Arabidopsis MPK6 protein, was found to be responsible for the modulation of EO metabolism at the transcriptional level and for enzymatic activation in the T. viride Tv-1511-inoculated peppermint. Notably, NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production played vital roles in the root colonization of T. viride Tv-1511 and was also involved in the induction of MAPK activation. These data showed the beneficial effects of T. viride Tv-1511 on the seedling growth and EO yield of peppermint, and they elucidated that T. viride Tv-1511 improved the quantity and quality of EOs by regulating the genes that encode the enzymes involved in EO metabolism through a potential MAPK-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yonghui Sui
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Yanhua Huang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Agilent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100102, China
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Tian T, You Q, Zhang L, Yi X, Yan H, Xu W, Su Z. SorghumFDB: sorghum functional genomics database with multidimensional network analysis. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2016; 2016:baw099. [PMID: 27352859 PMCID: PMC4921789 DOI: 10.1093/database/baw099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) has excellent agronomic traits and biological properties, such as heat and drought-tolerance. It is a C4 grass and potential bioenergy-producing plant, which makes it an important crop worldwide. With the sorghum genome sequence released, it is essential to establish a sorghum functional genomics data mining platform. We collected genomic data and some functional annotations to construct a sorghum functional genomics database (SorghumFDB). SorghumFDB integrated knowledge of sorghum gene family classifications (transcription regulators/factors, carbohydrate-active enzymes, protein kinases, ubiquitins, cytochrome P450, monolignol biosynthesis related enzymes, R-genes and organelle-genes), detailed gene annotations, miRNA and target gene information, orthologous pairs in the model plants Arabidopsis, rice and maize, gene loci conversions and a genome browser. We further constructed a dynamic network of multidimensional biological relationships, comprised of the co-expression data, protein–protein interactions and miRNA-target pairs. We took effective measures to combine the network, gene set enrichment and motif analyses to determine the key regulators that participate in related metabolic pathways, such as the lignin pathway, which is a major biological process in bioenergy-producing plants. Database URL:http://structuralbiology.cau.edu.cn/sorghum/index.html.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qi You
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hengyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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