1
|
Sutthinon P, Meesawat U, Ulrich S, Schönenberger J. Histochemical and ultrastructural analysis of tapetum and sporoderm development in relation to precocious pollenkitt production of Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz. PROTOPLASMA 2024:10.1007/s00709-024-01969-4. [PMID: 39012484 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz (Clusiaceae) is a medicinal plant native to Southeastern Asia, with a peculiar, precocious pollenkitt production in early microspore development. We aimed to find out whether different secretory activities of the tapetum or a premature sporoderm development provides additional evidence for our recent hypothesis for the precocious pollenkitt production. Histology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of tapetum and sporoderm development during pollenkitt secretion in Garcinia dulcis were conducted, based on light and electron microscopy analysis. The results showed that Garcinia dulcis possesses normal pollen development. The presence of two different pollen coating types, precocious pollenkitt (L1) and common pollenkitt (L2), in the anther tapetum indicate that they are produced in two different active stages of the secretory tapetum. The precocious pollenkitt production and transport to the locule takes place in early active tapetal cells at early tetrad to early microspore stage and is ongoing until late microspore stage. The production of the second type of pollenkitt (L2) starts shortly after the first active tapetum stage together with the formation of sporopollenin precursors. The sporoderm formation was completed at late microspore stage, when the tapetal cell walls start to disintegrate. Orbicules are lining the inner tapetum wall at middle to late microspore stage. ER (during early microspore stage) and plastids (during late microspore stage) were the two main sources of pollenkitt, which finally fused to pollenkitt droplets when the tapetal cells degenerated at mature bicellular pollen stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pornsawan Sutthinon
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Upatham Meesawat
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Silvia Ulrich
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Historical Archaeology, Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Austrian Archaeological Institute (OeAI), 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürg Schönenberger
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gotelli M, Lattar E, Zini LM, Rosenfeldt S, Galati B. Review on tapetal ultrastructure in angiosperms. PLANTA 2023; 257:100. [PMID: 37084157 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The appearance of new cellular structures and characteristics in the tapetum suggests that there is still much to discover that would help to better understand the tapetum functions. The ultrastructure of the tapetum provides important information for the understanding of the functions performed by this tissue. Since there are no reviews on the subject, we aim to collect all the detailed information about the tapetum ultrastructure present until this moment in order to lay the foundations for future research. Detailed information on the tapetal ultrastructure of 80 species from 45 different families: 2 species with invasive non-syncytial tapetum, 11 with plasmodial and 67 with a secretory tapetum was collected. These studies allowed to establish (a) the most usual cytological characteristics of this tissue, (b) unique characteristics and/or cellular structures in tapetum cells, (c) the ultrastructural changes that occur in different types of tapetum, during the progress of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis, and (d) the most recognized ultrastructural traits of the tapetum that cause androsterility. The structure of these cells is related to their function in each developmental stage. Since most species present their particular ultrastructure and may sometimes, share some traits within families, there is not a model plant on tapetum ultrastructure. However, knowing the general cytological aspect of the tapetum may help distinguish between patterns of cytoplasmic disorganization due to tapetum degeneration from technical failures of the preparation. Moreover, as the amount of species analyzed increases, unknown tapetal organelles or traits may be identified that might be associated to particular functions of this tissue. On the other hand, different ultrastructural changes may be related to the metabolisms and the regulation of normal/abnormal tapetum development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gotelli
- Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Elsa Lattar
- Cátedra de Morfología de Plantas Vasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA-UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2131, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
- Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE-UNNE-CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Melisa Zini
- Cátedra de Morfología de Plantas Vasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (FCA-UNNE), Sargento Cabral 2131, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
- Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (IBONE-UNNE-CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131, 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia Rosenfeldt
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2620, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Galati
- Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang C, Fu F, Lin C, Ding X, Zhang J, Yan H, Wang P, Zhang W, Peng B, Zhao L. MicroRNAs Involved in Regulatory Cytoplasmic Male Sterility by Analysis RNA-seq and Small RNA-seq in Soybean. Front Genet 2021; 12:654146. [PMID: 34054917 PMCID: PMC8153375 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.654146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important plant characteristic for exploiting heterosis to enhance crop traits during breeding. However, the CMS regulatory network remains unclear in plants, even though researchers have attempted to isolate genes associated with CMS. In this study, we performed high-throughput sequencing and degradome analyses to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) and their targets in a soybean CMS line (JLCMS9A) and its maintainer line (JLCMS9B). Additionally, the differentially expressed genes during reproductive development were identified using RNA-seq data. A total of 280 miRNAs matched soybean miRNA sequences in miRBase, including mature miRNAs and pre-miRNAs. Of the 280 miRNAs, 30, 23, and 21 belonged to the miR166, miR156, and miR171 families, respectively. Moreover, 410 novel low-abundant miRNAs were identified in the JLCMS9A and JLCMS9B flower buds. Furthermore, 303 and 462 target genes unique to JLCMS9A and JLCMS9B, respectively, as well as 782 common targets were predicted based on the degradome analysis. Target genes differentially expressed between the CMS line and the maintainer line were revealed by an RNA-seq analysis. Moreover, all target genes were annotated with diverse functions related to biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, including transcriptional regulation, the nucleus, meristem maintenance, meristem initiation, cell differentiation, auxin-activated signaling, plant ovule development, and anther development. Finally, a network was built based on the interactions. Analyses of the miRNA, degradome, and transcriptome datasets generated in this study provided a comprehensive overview of the reproductive development of a CMS soybean line. The data presented herein represent useful information for soybean hybrid breeding. Furthermore, the study results indicate that miRNAs might contribute to the soybean CMS regulatory network by modulating the expression of CMS-related genes. These findings lay the foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean CMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunbao Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Fuyou Fu
- Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Chunjing Lin
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ding
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jingyong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Pengnian Wang
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Bao Peng
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, The National Engineering Research Center for Soybean, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nick P. A plea for biological descriptions: the case of reproduction biology. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:1461-1462. [PMID: 31617001 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nick
- Botanical Institute, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|