1
|
Hemagirri M, Chen Y, Gopinath SCB, Sahreen S, Adnan M, Sasidharan S. Crosstalk between protein misfolding and endoplasmic reticulum stress during ageing and their role in age-related disorders. Biochimie 2024; 221:159-181. [PMID: 37918463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the proteome is crucial to retaining cell functionality and response to multiple intrinsic and extrinsic stressors. Protein misfolding increased the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activated the adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore cell homeostasis. Apoptosis occurs when ER stress is prolonged or the adaptive response fails. In healthy young cells, the ratio of protein folding machinery to quantities of misfolded proteins is balanced under normal circumstances. However, the age-related deterioration of the complex systems for handling protein misfolding is accompanied by ageing-related disruption of protein homeostasis, which results in the build-up of misfolded and aggregated proteins. This ultimately results in decreased cell viability and forms the basis of common age-related diseases called protein misfolding diseases. Proteins or protein fragments convert from their ordinarily soluble forms to insoluble fibrils or plaques in many of these disorders, which build up in various organs such as the liver, brain, or spleen. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, type II diabetes, and cancer are diseases in this group commonly manifest in later life. Thus, protein misfolding and its prevention by chaperones and different degradation paths are becoming understood from molecular perspectives. Proteodynamics information will likely affect future interventional techniques to combat cellular stress and support healthy ageing by avoiding and treating protein conformational disorders. This review provides an overview of the diverse proteostasis machinery, protein misfolding, and ER stress involvement, which activates the UPR sensors. Here, we will discuss the crosstalk between protein misfolding and ER stress and their role in developing age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisekaran Hemagirri
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia
| | - Sumaira Sahreen
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P. O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Y, Wan X, Seidel K, Zhang M, Goodman JB, Seta F, Hamburg N, Han J. Aging and Hypercholesterolemia Differentially Affect the Unfolded Protein Response in the Vasculature of ApoE-/- Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020441. [PMID: 34533042 PMCID: PMC8649520 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Persistent activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) induces vascular cell apoptosis, contributing to atherogenesis. Aging and hypercholesterolemia are 2 independent proatherogenic factors. How they affect vascular UPR signaling remains unclear. Methods and Results Transcriptome analysis of aortic tissues from high fat diet-fed and aged ApoE-/- mice revealed 50 overlapping genes enriched for endoplasmic reticulum stress- and UPR-related pathways. Aortae from control, Western diet (WD)-fed, and aged ApoE-/- mice were assayed for (1) 3 branches of UPR signaling (pancreatic ER eIF2-alpha kinase /alpha subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1/activating transcription factor 4, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/XBP1s, activating transcription factor 6); (2) UPR-mediated protective adaptation (upregulation of immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein and protein disulfide isomerase); and (3) UPR-mediated apoptosis (induction of C/EBP homologous transcription factor, p-JNK, and cleaved caspase-3). Aortic UPR signaling was differentially regulated in the aged and WD-fed groups. Consumption of WD activated all 3 UPR branches; in the aged aorta, only the ATF6α arm was activated, but it was 10 times higher than that in the WD group. BiP and protein disulfide isomerase protein levels were significantly decreased only in the aged aorta despite a 5-fold increase in their mRNA levels. Importantly, the aortae of aged mice exhibited a substantially enhanced proapoptotic UPR compared with that of WD-fed mice. In lung tissues, UPR activation and the resultant adaptive/apoptotic responses were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusions Using a mouse model of atherosclerosis, this study provides the first in vivo evidence that aging and an atherogenic diet activate differential aortic UPR pathways, leading to distinct vascular responses. Compared with dietary intervention, aging is associated with impaired endoplasmic reticulum protein folding and increased aortic apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhou
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Xueping Wan
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Kerstin Seidel
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Mo Zhang
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Jena B. Goodman
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Naomi Hamburg
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Jingyan Han
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chadwick SR, Fazio EN, Etedali-Zadeh P, Genereaux J, Duennwald ML, Lajoie P. A functional unfolded protein response is required for chronological aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet 2019; 66:263-277. [PMID: 31346745 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-01019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Progressive impairment of proteostasis and accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins are associated with the cellular aging process. Here, we employed chronologically aged yeast cells to investigate how activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) upon accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) affects lifespan. We found that cells lacking a functional UPR display a significantly reduced chronological lifespan, which contrasts previous findings in models of replicative aging. We find exacerbated UPR activation in aged cells, indicating an increase in misfolded protein burden in the ER during the course of aging. We also observed that caloric restriction, which promotes longevity in various model organisms, extends lifespan of UPR-deficient strains. Similarly, aging in pH-buffered media extends lifespan, albeit independently of the UPR. Thus, our data support a role for caloric restriction and reduced acid stress in improving ER homeostasis during aging. Finally, we show that UPR-mediated upregulation of the ER chaperone Kar2 and functional ER-associated degradation (ERAD) are essential for proper aging. Our work documents the central role of secretory protein homeostasis in chronological aging in yeast and highlights that the requirement for a functional UPR can differ between post-mitotic and actively dividing eukaryotic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Chadwick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Elena N Fazio
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Parnian Etedali-Zadeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Julie Genereaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Martin L Duennwald
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chadwick SR, Lajoie P. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Coping Mechanisms and Lifespan Regulation in Health and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:84. [PMID: 31231647 PMCID: PMC6558375 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors lead to proteostatic perturbations, often resulting in the aberrant accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins. Cells, from yeast to humans, can respond to sudden accumulation of secretory proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through pathways such as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). The ability of cells to adapt the ER folding environment to the misfolded protein burden ultimately dictates cell fate. The aging process is a particularly important modifier of the proteostasis network; as cells age, both their ability to maintain this balance in protein folding/degradation and their ability to respond to insults in these pathways can break down, a common element of age-related diseases (including neurodegenerative diseases). ER stress coping mechanisms are central to lifespan regulation under both normal and disease states. In this review, we give a brief overview of the role of ER stress response pathways in age-dependent neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Chadwick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Enkavi G, Javanainen M, Kulig W, Róg T, Vattulainen I. Multiscale Simulations of Biological Membranes: The Challenge To Understand Biological Phenomena in a Living Substance. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5607-5774. [PMID: 30859819 PMCID: PMC6727218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Biological
membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex
in terms of molecular composition and structure, functional
over a wide range of time scales, and characterized
by nonequilibrium conditions. Because of all of these
features, simulations are a great technique to study biomembrane
behavior. A significant part of the functional processes
in biological membranes takes place at the molecular
level; thus computer simulations are the method of
choice to explore how their properties emerge from specific
molecular features and how the interplay among the numerous
molecules gives rise to function over spatial and
time scales larger than the molecular ones. In this
review, we focus on this broad theme. We discuss the current
state-of-the-art of biomembrane simulations that, until
now, have largely focused on a rather narrow picture
of the complexity of the membranes. Given this, we
also discuss the challenges that we should unravel in the
foreseeable future. Numerous features such as the actin-cytoskeleton
network, the glycocalyx network, and nonequilibrium
transport under ATP-driven conditions have so far
received very little attention; however, the potential
of simulations to solve them would be exceptionally high. A
major milestone for this research would be that one day
we could say that computer simulations genuinely research
biological membranes, not just lipid bilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giray Enkavi
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Matti Javanainen
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo naḿesti 542/2 , 16610 Prague , Czech Republic.,Computational Physics Laboratory , Tampere University , P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere , Finland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland.,Computational Physics Laboratory , Tampere University , P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere , Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland.,Computational Physics Laboratory , Tampere University , P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere , Finland.,MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Headley CA, DiSilvestro D, Bryant KE, Hemann C, Chen CA, Das A, Ziouzenkova O, Durand G, Villamena FA. Nitrones reverse hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in bovine aortic endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 104:108-17. [PMID: 26774452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia has been implicated in the development of endothelial dysfunction through heightened ROS production. Since nitrones reverse endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dysfunction, increase antioxidant enzyme activity, and suppress pro-apoptotic signaling pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction from ROS-induced toxicity, the objective of this study was to determine whether nitrone spin traps DMPO, PBN and PBN-LA were effective at duplicating these effects and improving glucose uptake in an in vitro model of hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction using bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). BAEC were cultured in DMEM medium with low (5.5mM glucose, LG) or high glucose (50mM, HG) for 14 days to model in vivo hyperglycemia as experienced in humans with metabolic disease. Improvements in cell viability, intracellular oxidative stress, NO and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, glucose transport, and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured from single treatment of BAEC with nitrones for 24h after hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia significantly increased intracellular ROS by 50%, decreased cell viability by 25%, reduced NO bioavailability by 50%, and decreased (BH4) levels by 15% thereby decreasing NO production. Intracellular glucose transport and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also decreased by 50% and 25% respectively. Nitrone (PBN and DMPO, 50 μM) treatment of BAEC grown in hyperglycemic conditions resulted in the normalization of outcome measures except for SOD and catalase activities. Our findings demonstrate that the nitrones reverse the deleterious effects of hyperglycemia in BAEC. We believe that in vivo testing of these nitrone compounds in models of cardiometabolic disease is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A Headley
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - David DiSilvestro
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kelsey E Bryant
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Craig Hemann
- The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chun-An Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amlan Das
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ouliana Ziouzenkova
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Grégory Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM & Avignon Université, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Frederick A Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang DW, Fang Y, Liu ZX, Wu Y, Wang XL, Zhao S, Han GC, Zeng SM. The Disturbances of Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Homeostasis Caused by Increased Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Contributes to Fragmentation in Aged Porcine Oocytes1. Biol Reprod 2013; 89:124. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
8
|
Llorente IL, Burgin TC, Pérez-Rodríguez D, Martínez-Villayandre B, Pérez-García CC, Fernández-López A. Unfolded protein response to global ischemia following 48 h of reperfusion in the rat brain: the effect of age and meloxicam. J Neurochem 2013; 127:701-10. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene L. Llorente
- Área de Biología Celular; Instituto de Biomedicina; Universidad de León; León Spain
| | - Taiana C. Burgin
- Área de Biología Celular; Instituto de Biomedicina; Universidad de León; León Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhai D, Gomez-Mejiba SE, Gimenez MS, Deter ding LJ, Tomer KB, Mason RP, Ashby MT, Ramirez DC. Free radical-operated proteotoxic stress in macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:172-81. [PMID: 22580125 PMCID: PMC4078023 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The free-radical-operated mechanism of death of activated macrophages at sites of inflammation is unclear, but it is important to define it in order to find targets to prevent further tissue dysfunction. A well-defined model of macrophage activation at sites of inflammation is the treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with the resulting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS and other free radicals can be trapped with the nitrone spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO), a cell-permeable probe with antioxidant properties, which thus interferes with free-radical-operated oxidation processes. Here we have used immuno-spin trapping to investigate the role of free-radical-operated protein oxidation in LPS-induced cytotoxicity in macrophages. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with LPS resulted in increased ROS production, oxidation of proteins, cell morphological changes and cytotoxicity. DMPO was found to trap protein radicals to form protein-DMPO nitrone adducts, to reduce protein carbonyls, and to block LPS-induced cell death. N-Acetylcysteine (a source of reduced glutathione), diphenyleneiodonium (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase), and 2,2'-dipyridyl (a chelator of Fe(2+)) prevented LPS-induced oxidative stress and cell death and reduced DMPO-nitrone adduct formation, suggesting a critical role of ROS, metals, and protein-radical formation in LPS-induced cell cytotoxicity. We also determined the subcellular localization of protein-DMPO nitrone adducts and identified some candidate proteins for DMPO attachment by LC-MS/MS. The LC-MS/MS data are consistent with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, one of the most abundant, sensitive, and ubiquitous proteins in the cell, becoming labeled with DMPO when the cell is primed with LPS. This information will help find strategies to treat inflammation-associated tissue dysfunction by focusing on preventing free radical-operated proteotoxic stress and death of macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dili Zhai
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Section, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sandra E. Gomez-Mejiba
- Laboratory of Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis (IMIBIO-SL)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), San Luis, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Maria S. Gimenez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis (IMIBIO-SL)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), San Luis, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Leesa J. Deter ding
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Tomer
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Ronald P. Mason
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Michael T. Ashby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Dario C. Ramirez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas-San Luis (IMIBIO-SL)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), San Luis, San Luis 5700, Argentina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, School of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Naidoo N, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Fenik P, Lian J, Galante R, Veasey S. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in wake-active neurons progresses with aging. Aging Cell 2011; 10:640-9. [PMID: 21388495 PMCID: PMC3125474 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragmentation of wakefulness and sleep are expected outcomes of advanced aging. We hypothesize that wake neurons develop endoplasmic reticulum dyshomeostasis with aging, in parallel with impaired wakefulness. In this series of experiments, we sought to more fully characterize age-related changes in wakefulness and then, in relevant wake neuronal populations, explore functionality and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. We report that old mice show greater sleep/wake transitions in the active period with markedly shortened wake periods, shortened latencies to sleep, and less wake time in the subjective day in response to a novel social encounter. Consistent with sleep/wake instability and reduced social encounter wakefulness, orexinergic and noradrenergic wake neurons in aged mice show reduced c-fos response to wakefulness and endoplasmic reticulum dyshomeostasis with increased nuclear translocation of CHOP and GADD34. We have identified an age-related unfolded protein response injury to and dysfunction of wake neurons. It is anticipated that these changes contribute to sleep/wake fragmentation and cognitive impairment in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirinjini Naidoo
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 125 S. 31st Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in argyrophilic grain disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2011; 70:253-63. [PMID: 21412174 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e31820f8765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is characterized by the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated 4R tau in dendritic varicosities (i.e."grains") in neurons and pretangles in certain areas of the cerebral cortex and other brain regions. We investigated oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and dysregulation of mitochondrialbiogenesis as potential mechanisms involved in the AGD pathogenesis. Samples from AGD patients (n = 8) and nonpathologic, age-matched controls (n = 5) were compared using biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques with a panel of antibodies to markers of ER stress responses, stress chaperones, oxidative stress and associated cellular responses, respiratory chain complexes, mitochondrial regulators, and modulators of mitochondrial biogenesis. Because AGD is often associated with other tauopathies, mainly Alzheimer disease (AD), results were also compared with those of a group of similar Braak AD stage cases without grains (n = 5). In both AD and AGD cases, we found activation of key molecules that are involved in the unfolded protein response and lead to elevated ER chaperone levels, increased oxidative stress damage, mainly related to lipoxidation and targeting glycolytic enzymes. Altered expression of components of the respiratory chain markers modulating mitochondrial biogenesis were selectively affected in AGD. The findings suggest that, despite the common pathogenic trends in AD and AGD, there is molecular specificity for AGD.
Collapse
|
12
|
ROS in the aging male: Model diseases with ROS-related pathophysiology. Reprod Toxicol 2009; 28:167-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
13
|
Klooster R, Eman MR, le Duc Q, Verheesen P, Verrips CT, Roovers RC, Post JA. Selection and characterization of KDEL-specific VHH antibody fragments and their application in the study of ER resident protein expression. J Immunol Methods 2008; 342:1-12. [PMID: 19041652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Several diseases are caused by defects in the protein secretory pathway of the cell, particularly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These defects are manifested by the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that involves the transcriptional up-regulation of several ER resident proteins, the down-regulation of protein translation and up-regulation of ER associated degradation (ERAD). Although this transcriptional up-regulation of ER resident proteins during ER stress has been well described, data on differential protein expression of these same proteins are hardly available. Tools that would enable the simultaneous analysis of this set of proteins would be of high importance. Since the C-terminal KDEL sequence is a conserved epitope present in a large set of ER resident proteins, an antibody directed against this sequence would be such a tool. Using a carefully designed selection strategy, VHH antibody fragments from a non-immune phage display library were isolated that recognize the KDEL sequence at the C-terminus of proteins, irrespective of the protein context. In an accepted in vitro model for ER stress, this antibody was shown to be an excellent tool to study differences in ER resident protein expression. Furthermore, the application of this antibody showed differences in ER resident protein levels during replicative senescence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), underlining its significance in biological research. The selection strategy used to obtain these KDEL-specific antibodies opens up ways to select antibodies to other conserved epitopes, such as the nuclear localization signal (NLS) or the peroxisomal targeting sequence, permitting the simultaneous analysis of specific groups of proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinse Klooster
- Department of Cellular Architecture and Dynamics, Institute of Biomembranes, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cribb AE, Peyrou M, Muruganandan S, Schneider L. The Endoplasmic Reticulum in Xenobiotic Toxicity. Drug Metab Rev 2008; 37:405-42. [PMID: 16257829 DOI: 10.1080/03602530500205135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in an array of cellular functions that play important roles in xenobiotic toxicity. The ER contains the majority of cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, as well as a number of conjugating enzymes. In addition to its role in drug bioactivation and detoxification, the ER can be a target for damage by reactive intermediates leading to cell death or immune-mediated toxicity. The ER contains a set of luminal proteins referred to as ER stress proteins (including GRP78, GRP94, protein disulfide isomerase, and calreticulin). These proteins help regulate protein processing and folding of membrane and secretory proteins in the ER, calcium homeostasis, and ER-associated apoptotic pathways. They are induced in response to ER stress. This review discusses the importance of the ER in molecular events leading to cell death following xenobiotic exposure. Data showing that the ER is important in both renal and hepatic toxicity will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alastair E Cribb
- Laboratory of Comparative Pharmacogenetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Matsumine M, Shibata N, Ishitani K, Kobayashi M, Ohta H. Pentosidine accumulation in human oocytes and their correlation to age-related apoptosis. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2008; 41:97-104. [PMID: 18787640 PMCID: PMC2532604 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.08014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related atresia of ovarian follicles is characterized by apoptosis of the constituent cells. Recent studies have indicated that dysfunction of the proteasome and endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent apoptosis in the presence of oxidative stress have relevance to aging. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of these processes in age-related follicular atresia. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of ovaries obtained at surgery from 74 women (age: 21-54 y) were examined with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated, dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method and an immunohistochemical technique. Primary antibodies used in immunohistochemistry were against pentosidine, ubiquitin and caspase 12. Histological localization of these substances in oocytes was observed by light microscopy, and labeling indices of these cells were evaluated by regression analysis. Positive signals for pentosidine, ubiquitin, caspase 12, and TUNEL were detectable in oocytes of the primordial, primary and their atretic follicles. Regression analysis revealed an age-related increase in the labeling indices for pentosidine, ubiquitin, caspase 12, and TUNEL. These results suggest that pentosidine accumulation in human oocytes is related to apoptosis and increases with age. Further studies will be necessary to clarify the involvement of pentosidine accumulation, proteasome inhibition, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in age-related apoptosis of oocytes in human ovaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Matsumine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | | | - Ken Ishitani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | | | - Hiroaki Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Needham M, Mastaglia F. Sporadic inclusion body myositis: a continuing puzzle. Neuromuscul Disord 2008; 18:6-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Revised: 10/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Handa JT. New molecular histopathologic insights into the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2007; 47:15-50. [PMID: 17237672 DOI: 10.1097/iio.0b013e31802bd546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James T Handa
- Wilmer Eye Institute - The Retina Division, CRBII, Room 144, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287-9277, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Eman MR, Regan-Klapisz E, Pinkse MWH, Koop IM, Haverkamp J, Heck AJR, Verkleij AJ, Post JA. Protein expression dynamics during replicative senescence of endothelial cells studied by 2-D difference in-gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:1669-82. [PMID: 16609940 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial senescence contributes to endothelium dysfunctionality and is thereby linked to vascular aging. A dynamic proteomic study on human umbilical vein endothelial cells, isolated from three umbilical cords, was performed. The cells were cultured towards replicative senescence and whole cell lysates were subjected to 2-D difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE). Despite the biological variability of the three independent isolations, a set of proteins was found that showed senescence-dependent expression patterns in all isolations. We focused on those proteins that showed significant changes, with a paired analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) p-value of < or =0.05. Thirty-five proteins were identified with LC-Fourier transform MS, and functional annotation revealed that endothelial replicative senescence is accompanied by increased cellular stress, protein biosynthesis and reduction in DNA repair and maintenance. Nuclear integrity becomes affected and cytoskeletal structure is also changed. Such important changes in the cell infrastructure might accelerate endothelium dysfunctionality. This study provides biological information that will initiate studies to further unravel endothelial senescence and gain more knowledge about the consequences of this process in the in vivo situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Eman
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pallottini V, Montanari L, Cavallini G, Bergamini E, Gori Z, Trentalance A. Mechanisms underlying the impaired regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in aged rat liver. Mech Ageing Dev 2005; 125:633-9. [PMID: 15491682 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2004.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2004] [Revised: 07/22/2004] [Accepted: 08/04/2004] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia is one of the most studied age-related metabolic alterations. In the liver, cholesterol homeostasis is strictly regulated through the modulation of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), the key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. With ageing, hepatic HMG-CoA reductase becomes completely activated and cholesterol content increases in the blood. The research reported in this paper uses the regulatory enzymes of reductase (i.e., the AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) and the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)), the HMG-CoA reductase thermodependent activity and the "in vitro" enzyme degradation to elucidate the role played by the HMG-CoA reductase regulation and its membrane interaction. Related experiments were performed on 3 and 24 months "ad libitum" (AL) fed rats and 24 months caloric-restricted rats. The results show no changes in the PP2A level and the activation state of AMP dependent kinase in aged "ad libitum" fed rats. By contrast, the activation state of the kinase is enhanced in the aged caloric-restricted animals. With respect to the adult, the thermodependent activity of reductase remains unchanged, while the degradation rate of the HMG-CoA reductase is slower and independent on proteasome. These findings support the hypothesis that a different arrangement of the HMG-CoA reductase membrane domain in aged rats is a cause of reductase deregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pallottini
- Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jang YM, Kendaiah S, Drew B, Phillips T, Selman C, Julian D, Leeuwenburgh C. Doxorubicin treatment in vivo activates caspase-12 mediated cardiac apoptosis in both male and female rats. FEBS Lett 2005; 577:483-90. [PMID: 15556633 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2004] [Revised: 10/13/2004] [Accepted: 10/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated in vivo the chemotherapeutic anthracycline agents doxorubicin and its ability to activate mitochondrial-mediated, receptor-mediated and endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis transduction pathways in cardiac tissue from male and female rats. We administered a single low dose of doxorubicin (10 mg/kg of body weight, i.p.) and then isolated mitochondrial and cytosolic proteins one and four days later from the heart. Caspase-3 protein content and caspase-3 activity were significantly increased after day four of doxorubicin treatment in both male and female rats. However, while males had DNA fragmentation at day one but not day four following doxorubicin administration, females showed no significant increase in DNA fragmentation at either time. Caspase-12, localized in the SR, is considered a central caspase, and its activation by cleavage via calpain indicates activation of the SR-mediated pathway of apoptosis. Cleaved caspase-12 content and calpain activity significantly increased after day four of doxorubicin treatment in both sexes. In the mitochondrial-mediated pathway, there were no significant treatment effects observed in cytosolic cytochrome c and cleaved (active) caspase-9 in either sex. In control rats (saline injection), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production were lower in females compared to males. Doxorubicin treatment did not significantly affect H2O2, GPX activity or ATP production in isolated mitochondria in either sex. Female rats produced significantly lower levels of H2O2 production one day after doxorubicin treatment, whereas male rats produced significantly less mitochondrial H2O2 four days after doxorubicin treatment. The receptor-mediated pathway (caspase-8 and c-FLIP) showed no evidence of being significantly activated by doxorubicin treatment. Hence, doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in vivo is mediated by the SR to a greater extent than other apoptotic pathways and should therefore be considered for targeted therapeutic interventions. Moreover, no major sex differences exist in apoptosis signaling transduction cascade due to doxorubicin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Mok Jang
- Biochemistry of Aging Laboratory, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118206, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Boonstra J, Post JA. Molecular events associated with reactive oxygen species and cell cycle progression in mammalian cells. Gene 2004; 337:1-13. [PMID: 15276197 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2003] [Revised: 04/04/2004] [Accepted: 04/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle progression is regulated by a wide variety of external factors, amongst them are growth factors and extracellular matrix factors. During the last decades evidence has been obtained that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may also play an important role in cell cycle progression. ROS may be generated by external and internal factors. In this overview we describe briefly the generation of ROS and their effects on processes that have been demonstrated to play an essential role in cell cycle progression, including such systems as signal transduction cascades, protein ubiquitination and degradation, and the cytoskeleton. These different effects of ROS influence cell cycle progression dependent upon the amount and duration of ROS exposure. Activation of growth factor stimulated signaling cascades by low levels of ROS result in increased cell cycle progression, or, in case of prolonged exposure, to a differentiation like growth arrest. From many studies it seems clear that the cyclin kinase inhibitor protein p21 plays a prominent role, leading to cell cycle arrest at higher but not directly lethal levels of ROS. Dependent upon the nature of p21 induction, the cell cycle arrest may be transient, coupled to repair processes, or permanent. At high concentrations of ROS all of the above processes are activated, in combination with enhanced damage to the building blocks of the cell, leading to apoptosis or even necrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Boonstra
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Moldovan L, Moldovan NI. Oxygen free radicals and redox biology of organelles. Histochem Cell Biol 2004; 122:395-412. [PMID: 15452718 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-004-0676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The presence and supposed roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were reported in literature in a myriad of instances. However, the breadth and depth of their involvement in cellular physiology and pathology, as well as their relationship to the redox environment can only be guessed from specialized reports. Whatever their circumstances of formation or consequences, ROS seem to be conspicuous components of intracellular milieu. We sought to verify this assertion, by collecting the available evidence derived from the most recent publications in the biomedical field. Unlike other reviews with similar objectives, we centered our analysis on the subcellular compartments, namely on organelles, grouped according to their major functions. Thus, plasma membrane is a major source of ROS through NAD(P)H oxidases located on either side. Enzymes of the same class displaying low activity, as well as their components, are also present free in cytoplasm, regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell motility. Mitochondria can be a major source of ROS, mainly in processes leading to apoptosis. The protein synthetic pathway (endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus), including the nucleus, as well as protein turnover, are all exquisitely sensitive to ROS-related redox conditions. The same applies to the degradation pathways represented by lysosomes and peroxisomes. Therefore, ROS cannot be perceived anymore as a mere harmful consequence of external factors, or byproducts of altered cellular metabolism. This may explain why the indiscriminate use of anti-oxidants did not produce the expected "beneficial" results in many medical applications attempted so far, underlying the need for a deeper apprehension of the biological roles of ROS, particularly in the context of the higher cellular order of organelles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leni Moldovan
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Room. 305D, The Ohio State University, 473 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
|