1
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Montua N, Thye P, Hartwig P, Kühle M, Sewald N. Enzymatic Peptide and Protein Bromination: The BromoTrp Tag. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314961. [PMID: 38009455 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Bio-orthogonal reactions for modification of proteins and unprotected peptides are of high value in chemical biology. The combination of enzymatic halogenation with transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling provides a feasible approach for the modification of proteins and unprotected peptides. By a semirational protein engineering approach, variants of the tryptophan 6-halogenase Thal were identified that enable efficient bromination of peptides with a C-terminal tryptophan residue. The substrate scope was explored using di-, tri-, and tetrapeptide arrays, leading to the identification of an optimized peptide tag we named BromoTrp tag. This tag was introduced into three model proteins. Preparative scale post-translational bromination was possible with only a single cultivation and purification step using the brominating E. coli coexpression system Brocoli. Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of the bromoarene was achieved with Pd nanoparticle catalysts at 37 °C, highlighting the rich potential of this strategy for bio-orthogonal functionalization and conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Montua
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Paula Thye
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Pia Hartwig
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Kühle
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Faleye OS, Boya BR, Lee JH, Choi I, Lee J. Halogenated Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Drug-Resistant Pathogens. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 76:90-141. [PMID: 37845080 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance presents us with a potential global crisis as it undermines the abilities of conventional antibiotics to combat pathogenic microbes. The history of antimicrobial agents is replete with examples of scaffolds containing halogens. In this review, we discuss the impacts of halogen atoms in various antibiotic types and antimicrobial scaffolds and their modes of action, structure-activity relationships, and the contributions of halogen atoms in antimicrobial activity and drug resistance. Other halogenated molecules, including carbohydrates, peptides, lipids, and polymeric complexes, are also reviewed, and the effects of halogenated scaffolds on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and factors affecting antimicrobial and antivirulence activities are presented. Furthermore, the potential of halogenation to circumvent antimicrobial resistance and rejuvenate impotent antibiotics is addressed. This review provides an overview of the significance of halogenation, the abilities of halogens to interact in biomolecular settings and enhance pharmacological properties, and their potential therapeutic usages in preventing a postantibiotic era. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Antimicrobial resistance and the increasing impotence of antibiotics are critical threats to global health. The roles and importance of halogen atoms in antimicrobial drug scaffolds have been established, but comparatively little is known of their pharmacological impacts on drug resistance and antivirulence activities. This review is the first to extensively evaluate the roles of halogen atoms in various antibiotic classes and pharmacological scaffolds and to provide an overview of their ability to overcome antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajide Sunday Faleye
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bharath Reddy Boya
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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3
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Vaas S, Zimmermann MO, Klett T, Boeckler FM. Synthesis of Amino Acids Bearing Halodifluoromethyl Moieties and Their Application to p53-Derived Peptides Binding to Mdm2/Mdm4. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1247-1274. [PMID: 37128274 PMCID: PMC10148652 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s406703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Therapeutic peptides are a significant class of drugs in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. To enhance their properties, such as stability or binding affinity, they are usually chemically modified. This includes, among other techniques, cyclization of the peptide chain by bridging, modifications to the backbone, and incorporation of unnatural amino acids. One approach previously established, is the use of halogenated aromatic amino acids. In principle, they are thereby enabled to form halogen bonds (XB). In this study, we focus on the -R-CF2X moiety (R = O, NHCO; X = Cl, Br) as an uncommon halogen bond donor. These groups enable more spatial variability in protein-protein interactions. The chosen approach via Fmoc-protected building blocks allows for the incorporation of these modified amino acids in peptides using solid-phase peptide synthesis. Results and Discussion Using a competitive fluorescence polarization assay to monitor binding to Mdm4, we demonstrate that a p53-derived peptide with Lys24Nle(εNHCOCF2X) exhibits an improved inhibition constant Ki compared to the unmodified peptide. Decreasing Ki values observed with the increasing XB capacity of the halogen atoms (F ≪ Cl < Br) indicates the formation of a halogen bond. By reducing the side chain length of Nle(εNHCOCF2X) to Abu(γNHCOCF2X) as control experiments and through quantum mechanical calculations, we suggest that the observed affinity enhancement is related to halogen bond-induced intramolecular stabilization of the α-helical binding mode of the peptide or a direct interaction with His54 in human Mdm4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vaas
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Markus O Zimmermann
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Theresa Klett
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Frank M Boeckler
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Laboratory for Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Correspondence: Frank M Boeckler, Molecular Design and Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8 (Haus B), Tübingen, D-72076, Germany, Tel +49 7071 29 74567, Fax +49 7071 29 5637, Email
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4
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Gribble GW. Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds-A Comprehensive Review. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 121:1-546. [PMID: 37488466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26629-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number-from fewer than 25 in 1968-to approximately 8000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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5
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Huber C, Nijssen R, Mol H, Philippe Antignac J, Krauss M, Brack W, Wagner K, Debrauwer L, Maria Vitale C, James Price E, Klanova J, Garlito Molina B, Leon N, Pardo O, Fernández SF, Szigeti T, Középesy S, Šulc L, Čupr P, Mārtiņsone I, Akülova L, Ottenbros I, Vermeulen R, Vlaanderen J, Luijten M, Lommen A. A large scale multi-laboratory suspect screening of pesticide metabolites in human biomonitoring: From tentative annotations to verified occurrences. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107452. [PMID: 35994799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within the Human Biomonitoring for Europe initiative (HBM4EU), a study to determine new biomarkers of exposure to pesticides and to assess exposure patterns was conducted. Human urine samples (N = 2,088) were collected from five European regions in two different seasons. The objective of the study was to identify pesticides and their metabolites in collected urine samples with a harmonized suspect screening approach based on liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) applied in five laboratories. A combined data processing workflow included comprehensive data reduction, correction of mass error and retention time (RT) drifts, isotopic pattern analysis, adduct and elemental composition annotation, finalized by a mining of the elemental compositions for possible annotations of pesticide metabolites. The obtained tentative annotations (n = 498) were used for acquiring representative data-dependent tandem mass spectra (MS2) and verified by spectral comparison to reference spectra generated from commercially available reference standards or produced through human liver S9 in vitro incubation experiments. 14 parent pesticides and 71 metabolites (including 16 glucuronide and 11 sulfate conjugates) were detected. Collectively these related to 46 unique pesticides. For the remaining tentative annotations either (i) no data-dependent MS2 spectra could be acquired, (ii) the spectral purity was too low for sufficient matching, or (iii) RTs indicated a wrong annotation, leaving potential for more pesticides and/or their metabolites being confirmed in further studies. Thus, the reported results are reflecting only a part of the possible pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Huber
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Ecology, Diversity and Evolution, Goethe University Frankfurt Biologicum, Campus Riedberg, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Rosalie Nijssen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, part of Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, part of Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Martin Krauss
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Ecology, Diversity and Evolution, Goethe University Frankfurt Biologicum, Campus Riedberg, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kevin Wagner
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, 31027 Toulouse, France; Metatoul-AXIOM platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics: MetaboHUB, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, 31027 Toulouse, France; Metatoul-AXIOM platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics: MetaboHUB, Toulouse, France
| | - Chiara Maria Vitale
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Elliott James Price
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klanova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Borja Garlito Molina
- Enviromental and Public Health Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute for Pesticides and Water (IUPA), Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat S/N, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Nuria Leon
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencia Region, Av. Catalunya, 21, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Pardo
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencia Region, Av. Catalunya, 21, Valencia, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, 21, Av. Catalunya, Valencia 46020, Spain
| | - Sandra F Fernández
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencia Region, Av. Catalunya, 21, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tamás Szigeti
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Középesy
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Libor Šulc
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Inese Mārtiņsone
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia
| | - Läsma Akülova
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia
| | - Ilse Ottenbros
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Arjen Lommen
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, part of Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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6
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Kerbs A, Burgardt A, Veldmann KH, Schäffer T, Lee JH, Wendisch VF. Fermentative production of halogenated tryptophan derivatives with Corynebacterium glutamicum overexpressing tryptophanase or decarboxylase genes. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200007. [PMID: 35224830 PMCID: PMC9315010 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aromatic amino acid l‐tryptophan serves as a precursor for many valuable compounds such as neuromodulators, indoleamines and indole alkaloids. In this work, tryptophan biosynthesis was extended by halogenation followed by decarboxylation to the respective tryptamines or cleavage to the respective indoles. Either the tryptophanase genes tnaAs from E. coli and Proteus vulgaris or the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase genes AADCs from Bacillus atrophaeus, Clostridium sporogenes, and Ruminococcus gnavus were expressed in Corynebacterium glutamicum strains producing (halogenated) tryptophan. Regarding indoles, final titers of 16 mg L−1 7‐Cl‐indole and 23 mg L−1 7‐Br‐indole were attained. Tryptamine production led to a much higher titer of 2.26 g L−1 upon expression of AADC from B. atrophaeus. AADC enzymes were shown to be active with halogenated tryptophan in vitro and in vivo and supported production of 0.36 g L−1 7‐Br‐tryptamine with a volumetric productivity of 8.3 mg L−1 h−1 in a fed‐batch fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kerbs
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Genetics of Prokaryotes, GERMANY
| | - Arthur Burgardt
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Genetics of Prokaryotes, GERMANY
| | - Kareen H Veldmann
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Genetisc of Prokaryotes, GERMANY
| | - Thomas Schäffer
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Fermentation Technology, GERMANY
| | - Jin-Ho Lee
- Kyungsung University, Food Science and Biotechnology, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Volker F Wendisch
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Genetics of Prokaryotes, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, GERMANY
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7
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Mardirossian M, Rubini M, Adamo MFA, Scocchi M, Saviano M, Tossi A, Gennaro R, Caporale A. Natural and Synthetic Halogenated Amino Acids-Structural and Bioactive Features in Antimicrobial Peptides and Peptidomimetics. Molecules 2021; 26:7401. [PMID: 34885985 PMCID: PMC8659048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3D structure and surface characteristics of proteins and peptides are crucial for interactions with receptors or ligands and can be modified to some extent to modulate their biological roles and pharmacological activities. The introduction of halogen atoms on the side-chains of amino acids is a powerful tool for effecting this type of tuning, influencing both the physico-chemical and structural properties of the modified polypeptides, helping to first dissect and then rationally modify features that affect their mode of action. This review provides examples of the influence of different types of halogenation in amino acids that replace native residues in proteins and peptides. Examples of synthetic strategies for obtaining halogenated amino acids are also provided, focusing on some representative compounds and their biological effects. The role of halogenation in native and designed antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their mimetics is then discussed. These are in the spotlight for the development of new antimicrobial drugs to counter the rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. AMPs represent an interesting model to study the role that natural halogenation has on their mode of action and also to understand how artificially halogenated residues can be used to rationally modify and optimize AMPs for pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mardirossian
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale, 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marina Rubini
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Mauro F. A. Adamo
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), RCSI, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Marco Scocchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri, 5, Q Building, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.S.); (A.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Michele Saviano
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola, 122, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Tossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri, 5, Q Building, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.S.); (A.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Renato Gennaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri, 5, Q Building, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (M.S.); (A.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Andrea Caporale
- Institute of Crystallography (IC), National Research Council (CNR), c/o Area Science Park, S.S. 14 Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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8
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Hashimoto M, Nakagita T, Misaka T. Recent progress in the use of diaziridine-based sweetener derivatives to elucidate the chemoreception mechanism of the sweet taste receptor. RSC Adv 2021; 11:32236-32247. [PMID: 35495529 PMCID: PMC9041848 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04831g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarized recent progress for the elucidation of the chemoreception mechanism of sweet taste receptor–sweetener interactions with photoaffinity labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Division of Applied Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakagita
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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9
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Zhang M, Zhao P, Yuan H, Zhang A, Zhang W, Zheng L, Wu D, Liu L. Ag-Catalyzed Reactions of 3-Trifluoroacetyl Indoles and Isocyano- acetates: An Efficient Process to (Z)-β-Trifluoromethylated Dehydrotryptophan Derivatives. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202008023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Pavlicevic M, Maestri E, Marmiroli M. Marine Bioactive Peptides-An Overview of Generation, Structure and Application with a Focus on Food Sources. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E424. [PMID: 32823602 PMCID: PMC7460072 DOI: 10.3390/md18080424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The biggest obstacles in the application of marine peptides are two-fold, as in the case of non-marine plant and animal-derived bioactive peptides: elucidating correlation between the peptide structure and its effect and demonstrating its stability in vivo. The structures of marine bioactive peptides are highly variable and complex and dependent on the sources from which they are isolated. They can be cyclical, in the form of depsipeptides, and often contain secondary structures. Because of steric factors, marine-derived peptides can be resistant to proteolysis by gastrointestinal proteases, which presents an advantage over other peptide sources. Because of heterogeneity, amino acid sequences as well as preferred mechanisms of peptides showing specific bioactivities differ compared to their animal-derived counterparts. This review offers insights on the extreme diversity of bioactivities, effects, and structural features, analyzing 253 peptides, mainly from marine food sources. Similar to peptides in food of non-marine animal origin, a significant percentage (52.7%) of the examined sequences contain one or more proline residues, implying that proline might play a significant role in the stability of bioactive peptides. Additional problems with analyzing marine-derived bioactive peptides include their accessibility, extraction, and purification; this review considers the challenges and proposes possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Pavlicevic
- Institute for Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, and SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, 42123 Parma, Italy;
- Consorzio Italbiotec, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, and SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, 42123 Parma, Italy;
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11
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Day DP, Alsenani NI. Dibromoisocyanuric Acid: Applications in Brominations and Oxidation Processes for the Synthesis of High Value Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Day
- São Carlos Institute of ChemistryUniversity of São Paulo 13560-970, São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Nawaf I. Alsenani
- Department of ChemistryAl-Baha University Al Bahah 1988 Al-Baha Saudi Arabia
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12
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General synthesis of unnatural 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-bromo-d-tryptophans by means of a regioselective indole alkylation. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Pizzi A, Pigliacelli C, Bergamaschi G, Gori A, Metrangolo P. Biomimetic engineering of the molecular recognition and self-assembly of peptides and proteins via halogenation. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Jimenez EC. Bromotryptophan and its Analogs in Peptides from Marine Animals. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:251-260. [PMID: 30663557 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190119170020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bromotryptophan is a nonstandard amino acid that is rarely incorporated in ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (ribosomal peptides). Bromotryptophan and its analogs sometimes occur in non-ribosomal peptides. This paper presents an overview of ribosomal and non-ribosomal peptides that are known to contain bromotryptophan and its analogs. This work further covers the biological activities and therapeutic potential of some of these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsie C Jimenez
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science, University of the Philippines Baguio, Baguio City 2600, Philippines
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15
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Veldmann KH, Dachwitz S, Risse JM, Lee JH, Sewald N, Wendisch VF. Bromination of L-tryptophan in a Fermentative Process With Corynebacterium glutamicum. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:219. [PMID: 31620432 PMCID: PMC6759940 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brominated compounds such as 7-bromo-l-tryptophan (7-Br-Trp) occur in Nature. Many synthetic and natural brominated compounds have applications in the agriculture, food, and pharmaceutical industries, for example, the 20S-proteasome inhibitor TMC-95A that may be derived from 7-Br-Trp. Mild halogenation by cross-linked enzyme aggregates containing FAD-dependent halogenase, NADH-dependent flavin reductase, and alcohol dehydrogenase as well as by fermentation with recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum expressing the genes for the FAD-dependent halogenase RebH and the NADH-dependent flavin reductase RebF from Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes have recently been developed as green alternatives to more hazardous chemical routes. In this study, the fermentative production of 7-Br-Trp was established. The fermentative process employs an l-tryptophan producing C. glutamicum strain expressing rebH and rebF from L. aerocolonigenes for halogenation and is based on glucose, ammonium and sodium bromide. C. glutamicum tolerated high sodium bromide concentrations, but its growth rate was reduced to half-maximal at 0.09 g L−1 7-bromo-l-tryptophan. This may be, at least in part, due to inhibition of anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase by 7-Br-Trp since anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase activity in crude extracts was half-maximal at about 0.03 g L−1 7-Br-Trp. Fermentative production of 7-Br-Trp by recombinant C. glutamicum was scaled up to a working volume of 2 L and operated in batch and fed-batch mode. The titers were increased from batch fermentation in CGXII minimal medium with 0.3 g L−1 7-Br-Trp to fed-batch fermentation in HSG complex medium, where up to 1.2 g L−1 7-Br-Trp were obtained. The product isolated from the culture broth was characterized by NMR and LC-MS and shown to be 7-Br-Trp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareen H Veldmann
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology & Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Steffen Dachwitz
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry & Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Joe Max Risse
- Fermentation Technology, Technical Faculty & Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jin-Ho Lee
- Major in Food Science and Biotechnology, School of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition, BB21+, Kyungsung University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry & Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology & Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Rajesh RP, Franklin JB, Badsha I, Arjun P, Jain RP, Vignesh MS, Kannan RR. Proteome based de novo sequencing of novel conotoxins from marine molluscivorous cone snail Conus amadis and neurological activities of its natural venom in zebrafish model. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:819-833. [PMID: 31203793 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190614144006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conus amadis is a carnivorous snail found abundantly in coastal waters of India. They are equipped with potent chemical arsenal made of neurotoxic peptide concoction used for predation and competition. In this study, we have identified 19 novel conotoxins containing 1, 2 & 3 disulfides, belonging to different classes, from a molluscivorous cone snail Conus amadis using proteome based MALDI-TOF and LC-MS-MS analysis. Among them, 2 novel contryphans, 3 T-superfamily conotoxin, 2 A-superfamily conotoxins and 2 Mini M-Superfamily conotoxins were sequenced to its amino acid level from the fragmented spectrum of singly and doubly charged parent ions using de novo sequencing strategies. ama1054, a contryphan peptide toxin, possesses post translationally modified bromo tryptophan at its seventh position. Except ama1251, all the sequenced peptide toxins possess modified C-terminal amidation. Moreover, we have screened the crude venom for the presence of biological function in zebrafish model. Crude venom exhibited anticonvulsant properties in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in zebrafish larvae which suggested anti-epileptic properties of the venom cocktail. Acetyl cholinesterase activity was also identified in the venom complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Rajesh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012. India
| | - Jayaseelan Benjamin Franklin
- Andaman and Nicobar Centre for Ocean Science and Technology, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Port Blair 744103. India
| | - Iffath Badsha
- Molecular & Nanomedicine Research Unit, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119. India
| | - P Arjun
- Molecular & Nanomedicine Research Unit, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119. India
| | - Ruchi P Jain
- Molecular & Nanomedicine Research Unit, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119. India
| | - M S Vignesh
- Molecular & Nanomedicine Research Unit, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119. India
| | - R Rajesh Kannan
- Molecular & Nanomedicine Research Unit, Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119. India
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17
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García-Pindado J, Willemse T, Goss R, Maes BUW, Giralt E, Ballet S, Teixidó M. Bromotryptophans and their incorporation in cyclic and bicyclic privileged peptides. Biopolymers 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.23112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia García-Pindado
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Tom Willemse
- Research Group of Organic, Department of Chemistry; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels 1050 Belgium
- Research Group of Organic, Department of Bioengineering Sciences; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels 1050 Belgium
- Organic Synthesis; University of Antwerp; Antwerp B-2020 Belgium
| | - Rebecca Goss
- School of Chemistry and BSRC; University of St Andrews; St Andrews KY16 9ST United Kingdom
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis; University of Antwerp; Antwerp B-2020 Belgium
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic, Department of Chemistry; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels 1050 Belgium
- Research Group of Organic, Department of Bioengineering Sciences; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Barcelona 08028 Spain
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18
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Vijayasarathy M, Balaram P. Mass spectrometric identification of bromotryptophan containing conotoxin sequences from the venom of C. amadis. Toxicon 2018; 144:68-74. [PMID: 29447903 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four 30 residue conotoxin have been identified from the venom of C. amadis. MS/MS analysis of crude venom subjected to global reduction/alkylation yielded fragmentation patterns, which permitted searching and matching with a database of putative mature toxin sequences obtained from transcriptomic analysis. Of the four sequences identified, Am3408(Am6.1b), Am3452(Am6.1c), Am3136(Am6.2a) and Am3214(Am6.2b), three contain bromotryptophan residues, while an additional post translational modification, gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid, is present in Am3408(Am6.1b)/3452(Am6.1c). The conotoxins belong to the O1/O2 gene superfamily and possess cysteine framework VI/VII. While, the cysteine patterns show a similarity to omega conotoxins, the three C. amadis peptides are highly negatively charged and possess a significant content of hydrophobic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vijayasarathy
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - P Balaram
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, India.
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19
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Tryptophan-Containing Non-Cationizable Opioid Peptides - a new chemotype with unusual structure and in vivo activity. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:2099-2115. [PMID: 29130348 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a new family of opioid peptides containing tryptophan came to the spotlight for the absence of the fundamental protonable tyramine 'message' pharmacophore. Structure-activity relationship investigations led to diverse compounds, characterized by different selectivity profiles and agonist or antagonist effects. Substitution at the indole of Trp clearly impacted peripheral/central antinociceptivity. These peculiarities prompted to gather all the compounds in a new class, and to coin the definition 'Tryptophan-Containing Non-Cationizable Opioid Peptides', in short 'TryCoNCOPs'. Molecular docking analysis suggested that the TryCoNCOPs can still interact with the receptors in an agonist-like fashion. However, most TryCoNCOPs showed significant differences between the in vitro and in vivo activities, suggesting that opioid activity may be elicited also via alternative mechanisms.
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20
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The Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling as a Versatile Tool for Peptide Diversification and Cyclization. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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21
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Malik E, Dennison SR, Harris F, Phoenix DA. pH Dependent Antimicrobial Peptides and Proteins, Their Mechanisms of Action and Potential as Therapeutic Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040067. [PMID: 27809281 PMCID: PMC5198042 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potent antibiotics of the innate immune system that have been extensively investigated as a potential solution to the global problem of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes. A group of AMPs that are increasingly being reported are those that utilise pH dependent antimicrobial mechanisms, and here we review research into this area. This review shows that these antimicrobial molecules are produced by a diverse spectrum of creatures, including vertebrates and invertebrates, and are primarily cationic, although a number of anionic examples are known. Some of these molecules exhibit high pH optima for their antimicrobial activity but in most cases, these AMPs show activity against microbes that present low pH optima, which reflects the acidic pH generally found at their sites of action, particularly the skin. The modes of action used by these molecules are based on a number of major structure/function relationships, which include metal ion binding, changes to net charge and conformational plasticity, and primarily involve the protonation of histidine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid residues at low pH. The pH dependent activity of pore forming antimicrobial proteins involves mechanisms that generally differ fundamentally to those used by pH dependent AMPs, which can be described by the carpet, toroidal pore and barrel-stave pore models of membrane interaction. A number of pH dependent AMPs and antimicrobial proteins have been developed for medical purposes and have successfully completed clinical trials, including kappacins, LL-37, histatins and lactoferrin, along with a number of their derivatives. Major examples of the therapeutic application of these antimicrobial molecules include wound healing as well as the treatment of multiple cancers and infections due to viruses, bacteria and fungi. In general, these applications involve topical administration, such as the use of mouth washes, cream formulations and hydrogel delivery systems. Nonetheless, many pH dependent AMPs and antimicrobial proteins have yet to be fully characterized and these molecules, as a whole, represent an untapped source of novel biologically active agents that could aid fulfillment of the urgent need for alternatives to conventional antibiotics, helping to avert a return to the pre-antibiotic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Malik
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Sarah R Dennison
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Frederick Harris
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - David A Phoenix
- Office of the Vice Chancellor, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK.
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22
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Guzii AG, Makarieva TN, Fedorov SN, Denisenko VA, Dmitrenok PS, Kuzmich AS, Krasokhin VB, Lee HS, Lee YJ, Stonik VA. Gramine-derived Bromo-alkaloids Activating NF-κB-dependent Transcription from the Marine Hydroid Abietinaria abietina. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new natural products, 6-bromogramine (1) and bis-6-bromogramine (2) were isolated from the marine hydroid Abietinaria abietina and their structures were established using NMR and MS analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 activate NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity in JB6 Cl 41 NF-κB cells at 1.6 μM concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla G. Guzii
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Tatyana N. Makarieva
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Fedorov
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Denisenko
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Pavel S. Dmitrenok
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Aleksandra S. Kuzmich
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Vladimir B. Krasokhin
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
| | - Hyi-Seung Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Marine Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Marine Natural Product Chemistry Laboratory, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Valentin A. Stonik
- G. B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku 159, Russia
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23
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Junk L, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of indoles and tryptophan derivatives via photoinduced nitrene C–H insertion. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2916-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02563j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized indoles and tryptophans can be obtained from stannylated alkenes and o-iodoanilines via Stille coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Junk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66041 Saarbrücken
- Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Saarland University
- 66041 Saarbrücken
- Germany
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24
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Li C, Blencke HM, Haug T, Stensvåg K. Antimicrobial peptides in echinoderm host defense. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 49:190-197. [PMID: 25445901 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important effector molecules in innate immunity. Here we briefly summarize characteristic traits of AMPs and their mechanisms of antimicrobial activity. Echinoderms live in a microbe-rich marine environment and are known to express a wide range of AMPs. We address two novel AMP families from coelomocytes of sea urchins: cysteine-rich AMPs (strongylocins) and heterodimeric AMPs (centrocins). These peptide families have conserved preprosequences, are present in both adults and pluteus stage larvae, have potent antimicrobial properties, and therefore appear to be important innate immune effectors. Strongylocins have a unique cysteine pattern compared to other cysteine-rich peptides, which suggests a novel AMP folding pattern. Centrocins and SdStrongylocin 2 contain brominated tryptophan residues in their native form. This review also includes AMPs isolated from other echinoderms, such as holothuroidins, fragments of beta-thymosin, and fragments of lectin (CEL-III). Echinoderm AMPs are crucial molecules for the understanding of echinoderm immunity, and their potent antimicrobial activity makes them potential precursors of novel drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Hans-Matti Blencke
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Centre for Research-based Innovation on Marine Bioactives and Drug Discovery (MabCent-SFI), UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tor Haug
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Centre for Research-based Innovation on Marine Bioactives and Drug Discovery (MabCent-SFI), UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Klara Stensvåg
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Centre for Research-based Innovation on Marine Bioactives and Drug Discovery (MabCent-SFI), UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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25
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De Marco R, Cavina L, Greco A, Gentilucci L. Easy preparation of dehydroalanine building blocks equipped with oxazolidin-2-one chiral auxiliaries, and applications to the stereoselective synthesis of substituted tryptophans. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2823-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Murai Y, Masuda K, Sakihama Y, Hashidoko Y, Hatanaka Y, Hashimoto M. Comprehensive synthesis of photoreactive (3-trifluoromethyl)diazirinyl indole derivatives from 5- and 6- trifluoroacetylindoles for photoaffinity labeling. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8581-7. [PMID: 22970820 DOI: 10.1021/jo301552m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
5- and 6-trifluoromethyldiazirinyl indoles were synthesized from corresponding bromoindole derivatives for the first time. They acted as mother skeletons for the comprehensive synthesis of various bioactive indole metabolites. These can be used in biological functional analysis as diazirine-based photoaffinity labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Murai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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27
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Mollica A, Locatelli M, Stefanucci A, Pinnen F. Synthesis and bioactivity of secondary metabolites from marine sponges containing dibrominated indolic systems. Molecules 2012; 17:6083-99. [PMID: 22614862 PMCID: PMC6268355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17056083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges. (e.g., Hyrtios sp., Dragmacidin sp., Aglophenia pleuma, Aplidium cyaneum, Aplidium meridianum.) produce bioactive secondary metabolites involved in their defence mechanisms. Recently it was demonstrated that several of those compounds show a large variety of biological activities against different human diseases with possible applications in medicinal chemistry and in pharmaceutical fields, especially related to the new drug development process. Researchers have focused their attention principally on secondary metabolites with anti-cancer and cytotoxic activities. A common target for these molecules is the cytoskeleton, which has a central role in cellular proliferation, motility, and profusion involved in the metastatic process associate with tumors. In particular, many substances containing brominated indolic rings such as 5,6-dibromotryptamine, 5,6-dibromo-N-methyltryptamine, 5,6-dibromo-N-methyltryptophan (dibromoabrine), 5,6-dibromo-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 5,6-dibromo-L-hypaphorine isolated from different marine sources, have shown anti-cancer activity, as well as antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Considering the structural correlation between endogenous monoamine serotonin with marine indolic alkaloids 5,6-dibromoabrine and 5,6-dibromotryptamine, a potential use of some dibrominated indolic metabolites in the treatment of depression-related pathologies has also been hypothesized. Due to the potential applications in the treatment of various diseases and the increasing demand of these compounds for biological assays and the difficult of their isolation from marine sources, we report in this review a series of recent syntheses of marine dibrominated indole-containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Mollica
- Via dei Vestini 31, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University G. d' Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy.
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28
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Bartolucci S, Bartoccini F, Righi M, Piersanti G. Direct, Regioselective, and Chemoselective Preparation of Novel Boronated Tryptophans by Friedel–Crafts Alkylation. Org Lett 2011; 14:600-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bartolucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Francesca Bartoccini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Marika Righi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Giovanni Piersanti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
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29
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Raghunath SA, Manjunatha Y, Rayappa K. Synthesis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of some new indole analogues containing pyrimidine and fused pyrimidine systems. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9915-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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30
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Sundt RC, Beyer J, Vingen S, Sydnes MO. High matrix interference affecting detection of PAH metabolites in bile of Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) used for biomonitoring of deep-water oil production. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2011; 71:369-374. [PMID: 21605895 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The characteristic biology and wide distribution of hagfish species makes them relevant for use in pollution biomonitoring at great water depths, particularly in regions where deep-water oil production may take place. The exposure of fish to petrogenic contaminants can normally be detected from the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites in bile fluid. Some of these metabolites are strong fluorophores, allowing analytical detection by means of simple fluorometric techniques such as fixed wavelength fluorescence (FF) and synchronous fluorescence scanning (SFS). In the present study bile from Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) collected in pristine areas (Barents Sea and southwestern Norway) displayed strong bile fluorescence levels, suggesting the presence of PAH contaminants. However, gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses ruled out PAHs as the origin for this fluorescence signal. Rather, the bile of Myxine contains components resulting in unusually strong background fluorescence interfering at the wavelength pairs used for detection of PAH metabolites. Possible background for the observed matrix interference and implications for detection of PAH metabolites in hagfish is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf C Sundt
- IRIS-International Research Institute of Stavanger, PO Box 8046, N 4068 Stavanger, Norway
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31
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Synthesis of (S)-5,6-dibromo-tryptophan derivatives as building blocks for peptide chemistry. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Eißmann F, Weber E. Synthesis and structural characterization of amino acid and peptide derivatives featuring N-(p-bromobenzoyl) substituents as promising connection unit for bio-inspired hybrid compounds. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Tetere Z, Kumpiņš V, Belyakov S, Zicāne D, Turks M. Synthesis and X-ray analysis of 7-bromoarbidol, an impurity standard of arbidol. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Roeser J, Bischoff R, Bruins AP, Permentier HP. Oxidative protein labeling in mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:3441-55. [PMID: 20155254 PMCID: PMC2911539 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of proteins and peptides is a common phenomenon, and can be employed as a labeling technique for mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. Nonspecific oxidative labeling methods can modify almost any amino acid residue in a protein or only surface-exposed regions. Specific agents may label reactive functional groups in amino acids, primarily cysteine, methionine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Nonspecific radical intermediates (reactive oxygen, nitrogen, or halogen species) can be produced by chemical, photochemical, electrochemical, or enzymatic methods. More targeted oxidation can be achieved by chemical reagents but also by direct electrochemical oxidation, which opens the way to instrumental labeling methods. Oxidative labeling of amino acids in the context of liquid chromatography(LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics allows for differential LC separation, improved MS ionization, and label-specific fragmentation and detection. Oxidation of proteins can create new reactive groups which are useful for secondary, more conventional derivatization reactions with, e.g., fluorescent labels. This review summarizes reactions of oxidizing agents with peptides and proteins, the corresponding methodologies and instrumentation, and the major, innovative applications of oxidative protein labeling described in selected literature from the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Roeser
- Analytical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Analytical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andries P. Bruins
- Analytical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hjalmar P. Permentier
- Analytical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Zhao F, Liu ZQ. Indole and its alkyl-substituted derivatives protect erythrocyte and DNA against radical-induced oxidation. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2010; 23:273-9. [PMID: 19705360 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant properties of 1,2,3,4-tetra-hydrocarbazole, 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocar-bazole (MTC), 2,3-dimethylindole, 5-methoxy-2,3-dimethylindole, and indole were investigated in the case of hemolysis of human erythrocytes and oxidative damage of DNA induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH), respectively. The aim of this work was to explore the influence of methoxy, methyl, and cyclohexyl substituents on the antioxidant activities of indole derivatives. These indole derivatives were able to protect erythrocytes and DNA in a concentration-dependent manner. The alkyl-substituted indole can protect erythrocytes and DNA against AAPH-induced oxidation. Especially, the structural features of cyclohexyl and methoxy substituents made MTC the best antioxidant among the indole derivatives used herein. Finally, the interaction between these indole derivatives and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical cation and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, respectively, provided direct evidence for these indole derivatives to scavenge radicals and emphasized the importance of electron-donating groups for the free radical-scavenging activity of indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Osborne AS, Som P, Metcalf JL, Phillips RS. Regioselective nitration of N(alpha),N(1)-bis(trifluoroacetyl)-L-tryptophan methyl ester: efficient synthesis of 2-nitro and 6-nitro-N-trifluoroacetyl-L-tryptophan methyl ester. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5750-2. [PMID: 18851915 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 09/20/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitration of N(alpha),N(1)-bis(trifluoroacetyl)-l-tryptophan methyl ester with HNO(3) in acetic anhydride at 0 degrees C provides N(alpha)-trifluoroacetyl-2-nitro-l-tryptophan methyl ester in 67% yield, whereas nitration in trifluoroacetic acid at 0 degrees C gives N(alpha)-trifluoroacetyl-6-nitro-l-tryptophan methyl ester in 69% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Osborne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Rubio BK, Robinson SJ, Avalos CE, Valeriote FA, de Voogd NJ, Crews P. Revisiting the sponge sources, stereostructure, and biological activity of cyclocinamide a. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1475-1478. [PMID: 18590311 PMCID: PMC2772108 DOI: 10.1021/np800230d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The dramatic biogeographical variations in the secondary metabolites from Psammocinia aff. bulbosa have complicated our efforts to reisolate the two most cytotoxic of its metabolites, (+)-psymberin and (+)-cyclocinamide A. Reported now are the results of a new study that demonstrates our ability to repeatedly isolate these two compounds through targeted collection efforts. Additional study of the new sample of (+)-cyclocinamide A has enabled finalizing its biological activity and absolute stereochemistry as 4S, 7S, 11S, 14S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent K. Rubio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Sarah J. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Claudia E. Avalos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | | | - Nicole J. de Voogd
- Naturalis, The National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Phillip Crews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064
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Li C, Haug T, Styrvold OB, Jørgensen TØ, Stensvåg K. Strongylocins, novel antimicrobial peptides from the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 32:1430-1440. [PMID: 18656496 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sea urchins possess an innate immune system and are regarded as a potential source for the discovery of new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Here we report the purification and characterization of two novel antibacterial peptides (5.6 and 5.8kDa) from coelomocyte extracts of the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. These are the first reported AMPs isolated from sea urchins. The cDNA encoding the peptides and genomic sequences was isolated and sequenced. The two peptides (named strongylocins 1 and 2) have putative isoforms (1b and 2b), similar to two putative proteins from the purple sea urchin S. purpuratus. The native strongylocins are cationic, defensin-like peptides (cysteine-rich), but show no similarity to other known AMPs concerning the cysteine distribution pattern. Strongylocin 1 consists of 83 amino acids that include a preprosequence of 35 amino acids, whereas strongylocins 2a and 2b are composed of 89 and 90 amino acids, respectively, where 38 amino acids represent a preprosequence. No introns were found in the cloned gene of strongylocin 1b, whereas three introns and four exons were found in strongylocins 1a and 2a/b. The latter gene organization was also found in genes coding for putative strongylocins in S. purpuratus. The molecular mass difference between the native peptide and the deduced strongylocin 2 suggests that the first amino acid is bromotryptophan. The native peptides display potent activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Hedner E, Sjögren M, Hodzic S, Andersson R, Göransson U, Jonsson PR, Bohlin L. Antifouling activity of a dibrominated cyclopeptide from the marine sponge Geodia barretti. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:330-333. [PMID: 18271554 DOI: 10.1021/np0705209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Many sessile suspension-feeding marine organisms rely on chemical defense to keep their surfaces free from fouling organisms. The brominated cyclopeptides barettin (cyclo[(6-bromo-8-entryptophan)arginine]) ( 1) and 8,9-dihydrobarettin (cyclo[(6-bromotryptophan)arginine]) ( 2) from the cold-water sponge Geodia barretti have previously displayed settlement inhibition of barnacle larvae in a dose-dependent manner. In this paper, we describe a novel dibrominated cyclopeptide, bromobenzisoxazolone barettin (cyclo[(6-bromo-8-(6-bromobenzioxazol-3(1 H)-one)-8-hydroxy)tryptophan)]arginine) ( 3), which we have isolated from G. barretti and which displays settlement inhibition of barnacle larvae ( Balanus improvisus) with an EC 50 value of 15 nM. The chemical structure was determined using MS and 2D-NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Hedner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University , Sweden
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