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Islas-Fabila P, Roldán-Santiago P, de la Cruz-Cruz LA, Limón-Morales O, Dutro-Aceves A, Orozco-Gregorio H, Bonilla-Jaime H. Importance of Selected Nutrients and Additives in the Feed of Pregnant Sows for the Survival of Newborn Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:418. [PMID: 38338061 PMCID: PMC10854669 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review analyzed the effect of selected nutrients and additives in the feed of pregnant sows on the survival of newborn piglets. We analyzed 720 peer-reviewed publications in English in PubMed® and Web of Science®, dated July 2023 to January 2024, related to the effect of dietary supplementation with fatty acids and various percentages of protein, amino acids, and/or sources of dietary fiber on the offspring of gestating sows. While several papers evaluated the effect of nutrition on gestating sows, only a few delved into the distinct feeding strategies required at each stage of gestation to meet the NRC's nutritional requirements for maternal tissue gain and postnatal neonatal survival and growth. This body of research suggests that as gestation progresses the sow's nutritional requirements increase, as the NRC established, to satisfy their own metabolic needs and those of their fetuses. Additional research is needed to determine an optimal feeding strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Islas-Fabila
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Patricia Roldán-Santiago
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto de la Cruz-Cruz
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Valle de México-Coyoacán, Calzada de Tlalpan, Mexico City 04910, Mexico; (L.A.d.l.C.-C.); (A.D.-A.)
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coapa, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Ofelia Limón-Morales
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
| | - Anna Dutro-Aceves
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Valle de México-Coyoacán, Calzada de Tlalpan, Mexico City 04910, Mexico; (L.A.d.l.C.-C.); (A.D.-A.)
| | - Héctor Orozco-Gregorio
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Coapa, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico;
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Dai S, Liu Y, Zhao F, Wang H, Shao T, Xu Z, Shou L, Chen S, Zhang GCX, Shu Q. Aqueous extract of Taxus chinensis var. mairei targeting CD47 enhanced antitumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113628. [PMID: 36058145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin protein CD47 is overexpressed in malignant tumor cells, allowing them to evade host immunity mainly by inhibiting macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Taxus chinensis var. mairei (TC) exhibits high antitumor efficacy with low toxicity and notable cost-effectiveness. However, it is unknown whether aqueous extract of TC (AETC) is an immunomodulator that mediates antitumor efficacy. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the critical role of CD47 degradation in the treatment of AETC in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. A mouse Lewis lung carcinoma model was developed to determine whether the administration of AETC, as an anti-CD47 antibody, in combination with anti-PD-1 could synergistically inhibit tumor growth and promote a peripheral immune response. AETC treatment downregulated CD47 levels in NSCLC cells and Lewis tumor xenograft mice. Furthermore, treatment enhanced immunity against NSCLC by triggering CD47 ubiquitination and degradation, promoting macrophage-mediated tumor cell phagocytosis, and activating CD8+ T cells. The present study empirically demonstrated, for the first time, that AETC exerts antitumor properties as an immunomodulator. Our findings present AETC as a promising alternative or adjuvant treatment in lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Dai
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Fangmin Zhao
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haibing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Tianyu Shao
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Zeting Xu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Liumei Shou
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shuyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Gao-Chen-Xi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Qijin Shu
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Hussain T, Tan B, Murtaza G, Metwally E, Yang H, Kalhoro MS, Kalhoro DH, Chughtai MI, Yin Y. Role of Dietary Amino Acids and Nutrient Sensing System in Pregnancy Associated Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:586979. [PMID: 33414718 PMCID: PMC7783402 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective implantation is related to pregnancy-associated disorders such as spontaneous miscarriage, intrauterine fetal growth restriction and others. Several factors proclaimed to be involved such as physiological, nutritional, environmental and managemental that leads to cause oxidative stress. Overloading of free radicals promotes oxidative stress, and the internal body system could not combat its ability to encounter the damaging effects and subsequently leading to pregnancy-related disorders. During pregnancy, essential amino acids display important role for optimum fetal growth and other necessary functions for continuing fruitful pregnancy. In this context, dietary amino acids have received much attention regarding the nutritional concerns during pregnancy. Arginine, glutamine, tryptophan and taurine play a crucial role in fetal growth, development and survival while ornithine and proline are important players for the regulation of gene expression, protein synthesis and angiogenesis. Moreover, amino acids also stimulate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway which plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins in placenta, uterus and fetus. This review article explores the significances of dietary amino acids in pregnancy development, regulation of nutrient-sensing pathways such as mTOR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) and 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) which exhibit important role in reproduction and its related problems. In addition, the antioxidant function of dietary amino acids against oxidative stress triggering pregnancy disorders and their possible outcomes will also be enlightened. Dietary supplementation of amino acids during pregnancy could help mitigate reproductive disorders and thereby improving fertility in animals as well as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Hussain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C,PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Elsayed Metwally
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro
- Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Dildar Hussain Kalhoro
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ismail Chughtai
- Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C,PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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4
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α Knockdown Plus Glutamine Supplementation Attenuates the Predominance of Necrosis over Apoptosis by Relieving Cellular Energy Stress in Acute Pancreatitis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4363672. [PMID: 31281575 PMCID: PMC6589200 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4363672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) genetic inhibition plus glutamine (Gln) supplementation on necrosis-apoptosis imbalance during acute pancreatitis (AP), with a specific focus on the regulations of intracellular energy metabolism status. Wistar rats and AR42J cells were used to establish AP models. When indicated, a HIF-1α knockdown with or without a Gln supplementation was administered. In vivo, local and systemic inflammatory injuries were assessed by serum cytokine measurement, H&E staining, and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation of pancreatic tissue. In vitro, intracellular energy metabolism status was evaluated by measuring the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactic acid, and Ca2+ concentrations and the mitochondrial potential. In addition, changes in the apoptotic activity were analyzed using TUNEL staining in vivo and an apoptosis assay in vitro. HIF-1α knockdown alleviated AP-related inflammatory injury as indicated by the measurements of serum cytokines and examinations of TEM and H&E staining of pancreatic tissues. HIF-1α knockdown played an antioxidative role against AP-related injuries by preventing the increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and the decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequently by suppressing the glycolysis pathway and increasing energy anabolism in AR42J cells after AP induction. Apoptosis was significantly upregulated when HIF-1α was knocked down before AP induction due to an attenuation of the translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B to the nuclei. Furthermore, these merits of HIF-1α knockdown in the relief of the metabolic stress and upregulation of apoptosis were more significant when Gln was administered concomitantly. In conclusion, Gln-supplemented HIF-1α knockdown might be promising for the future management of AP by relieving the intracellular energy stress, thereby attenuating the predominance of necrosis over apoptosis.
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Cruzat V, Macedo Rogero M, Noel Keane K, Curi R, Newsholme P. Glutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical Translation. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111564. [PMID: 30360490 PMCID: PMC6266414 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamine is the most abundant and versatile amino acid in the body. In health and disease, the rate of glutamine consumption by immune cells is similar or greater than glucose. For instance, in vitro and in vivo studies have determined that glutamine is an essential nutrient for lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, macrophage phagocytic plus secretory activities, and neutrophil bacterial killing. Glutamine release to the circulation and availability is mainly controlled by key metabolic organs, such as the gut, liver, and skeletal muscles. During catabolic/hypercatabolic situations glutamine can become essential for metabolic function, but its availability may be compromised due to the impairment of homeostasis in the inter-tissue metabolism of amino acids. For this reason, glutamine is currently part of clinical nutrition supplementation protocols and/or recommended for immune suppressed individuals. However, in a wide range of catabolic/hypercatabolic situations (e.g., ill/critically ill, post-trauma, sepsis, exhausted athletes), it is currently difficult to determine whether glutamine supplementation (oral/enteral or parenteral) should be recommended based on the amino acid plasma/bloodstream concentration (also known as glutaminemia). Although the beneficial immune-based effects of glutamine supplementation are already established, many questions and evidence for positive in vivo outcomes still remain to be presented. Therefore, this paper provides an integrated review of how glutamine metabolism in key organs is important to cells of the immune system. We also discuss glutamine metabolism and action, and important issues related to the effects of glutamine supplementation in catabolic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Cruzat
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, Torrens University, Melbourne 3065, Australia.
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Kevin Noel Keane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia.
| | - Rui Curi
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil.
| | - Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia.
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6
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Cruzat V, Macedo Rogero M, Noel Keane K, Curi R, Newsholme P. Glutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical Translation. Nutrients 2018. [PMID: 30360490 DOI: 10.20944/preprints201809.0459.v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine is the most abundant and versatile amino acid in the body. In health and disease, the rate of glutamine consumption by immune cells is similar or greater than glucose. For instance, in vitro and in vivo studies have determined that glutamine is an essential nutrient for lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, macrophage phagocytic plus secretory activities, and neutrophil bacterial killing. Glutamine release to the circulation and availability is mainly controlled by key metabolic organs, such as the gut, liver, and skeletal muscles. During catabolic/hypercatabolic situations glutamine can become essential for metabolic function, but its availability may be compromised due to the impairment of homeostasis in the inter-tissue metabolism of amino acids. For this reason, glutamine is currently part of clinical nutrition supplementation protocols and/or recommended for immune suppressed individuals. However, in a wide range of catabolic/hypercatabolic situations (e.g., ill/critically ill, post-trauma, sepsis, exhausted athletes), it is currently difficult to determine whether glutamine supplementation (oral/enteral or parenteral) should be recommended based on the amino acid plasma/bloodstream concentration (also known as glutaminemia). Although the beneficial immune-based effects of glutamine supplementation are already established, many questions and evidence for positive in vivo outcomes still remain to be presented. Therefore, this paper provides an integrated review of how glutamine metabolism in key organs is important to cells of the immune system. We also discuss glutamine metabolism and action, and important issues related to the effects of glutamine supplementation in catabolic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Cruzat
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia. .,Faculty of Health, Torrens University, Melbourne 3065, Australia.
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Kevin Noel Keane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia.
| | - Rui Curi
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil.
| | - Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia.
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Gao Y, Vidal-Itriago A, Kalsbeek MJ, Layritz C, García-Cáceres C, Tom RZ, Eichmann TO, Vaz FM, Houtkooper RH, van der Wel N, Verhoeven AJ, Yan J, Kalsbeek A, Eckel RH, Hofmann SM, Yi CX. Lipoprotein Lipase Maintains Microglial Innate Immunity in Obesity. Cell Rep 2018; 20:3034-3042. [PMID: 28954222 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of a hypercaloric diet upregulates microglial innate immune reactivity along with a higher expression of lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) within the reactive microglia in the mouse brain. Here, we show that knockdown of the Lpl gene specifically in microglia resulted in deficient microglial uptake of lipid, mitochondrial fuel utilization shifting to glutamine, and significantly decreased immune reactivity. Mice with knockdown of the Lpl gene in microglia gained more body weight than control mice on a high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. In these mice, microglial reactivity was significantly decreased in the mediobasal hypothalamus, accompanied by downregulation of phagocytic capacity and increased mitochondrial dysmorphologies. Furthermore, HCHF-diet-induced POMC neuronal loss was accelerated. These results show that LPL-governed microglial immunometabolism is essential to maintain microglial function upon exposure to an HCHF diet. In a hypercaloric environment, lack of such an adaptive immunometabolic response has detrimental effects on CNS regulation of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrés Vidal-Itriago
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin J Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Clarita Layritz
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center & German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München & Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Cristina García-Cáceres
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center & German Center for Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München & Division of Metabolic Diseases, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Robby Zachariah Tom
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration Research & Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole van der Wel
- Cellular Imaging Core Facility, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur J Verhoeven
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert H Eckel
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration Research & Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Alhagamhmad MH, Day AS, Lemberg DA, Leach ST. Exploring and Enhancing the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Polymeric Formula. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2017; 41:436-445. [PMID: 26826259 DOI: 10.1177/0148607115625627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) therapy using a polymeric formula (PF) can substantially attenuate intestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. However, the mechanism(s) by which EEN suppresses inflammation are not yet fully understood. The aims were to examine cellular mechanism(s) through which EEN may suppress inflammation and investigate potential pathways to enhance anti-inflammatory properties of EEN. METHODS Glutamine, arginine, vitamin D3, and α linolenic acid (ALA), present in PF, along with curcumin, were identified as immunoactive nutrient therapies. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-exposed HT-29 colonic epithelial cells were used to investigate the immunosuppressive activity of the nutrients by assessing their effect on cell viability, cell activity, chemokine response (interleukin-8 [IL-8]), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, IκB kinase (Iκκ), and nitric oxide (NO). RESULTS Cellular viability and activity were maintained with all nutrient treatments. Glutamine, arginine, and vitamin D3, but not ALA, significantly attenuated IL-8 production. Glutamine and arginine led to phosphorylation blockade of the signaling components in NF-κB and P38 pathways, reduction in kinase activity, and enhancement in NO production. Combining glutamine, arginine, and curcumin at optimal concentrations completely abolished the IL-8 response. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that glutamine, arginine, and vitamin D3 can suppress inflammation at concentrations equivalent to those used in PF. The mechanisms of this action were mediated through influencing the NF-κB and P38 cascades. Glutamine and arginine-fortified PF with curcumin might be a promising option to enhance the effectiveness and expand the scope of EEN therapy in CD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moftah H Alhagamhmad
- 1 School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew S Day
- 1 School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- 2 Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Daniel A Lemberg
- 1 School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steven T Leach
- 1 School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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9
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de Oliveira DC, da Silva Lima F, Sartori T, Santos ACA, Rogero MM, Fock RA. Glutamine metabolism and its effects on immune response: molecular mechanism and gene expression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s41110-016-0016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Oral supplementations with free and dipeptide forms of l-glutamine in endotoxemic mice: effects on muscle glutamine-glutathione axis and heat shock proteins. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:345-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Borges MC, Vinolo MA, Crisma AR, Fock RA, Borelli P, Tirapegui J, Curi R, Rogero MM. High-fat diet blunts activation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peritoneal macrophages of Wistar rats. Nutrition 2013; 29:443-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Borges MC, Vinolo MAR, Nakajima K, de Castro IA, Bastos DHM, Borelli P, Fock RA, Tirapegui J, Curi R, Rogero MM. The effect of mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in high-fat diet-fed Wistar rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:561-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2012.759188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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da Silva Lima F, Rogero MM, Ramos MC, Borelli P, Fock RA. Modulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway by glutamine in peritoneal macrophages of a murine model of protein malnutrition. Eur J Nutr 2012; 52:1343-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Vinolo MAR, Rodrigues HG, Festuccia WT, Crisma AR, Alves VS, Martins AR, Amaral CL, Fiamoncini J, Hirabara SM, Sato FT, Fock RA, Malheiros G, dos Santos MF, Curi R. Tributyrin attenuates obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat-fed mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 303:E272-82. [PMID: 22621868 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00053.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment with tributyrin (Tb; a butyrate prodrug) results in protection against diet-induced obesity and associated insulin resistance. C57BL/6 male mice fed a standard chow or high-fat diet were treated with Tb (2 g/kg body wt, 10 wk) and evaluated for glucose homeostasis, plasma lipid profile, and inflammatory status. Tb protected mice against obesity and obesity-associated insulin resistance and dyslipidemia without food consumption being affected. Tb attenuated the production of TNFα and IL-1β by peritoneal macrophages and their expression in adipose tissue. Furthermore, in the adipose tissue, Tb reduced the expression of MCP-1 and infiltration by leukocytes and restored the production of adiponectin. These effects were associated with a partial reversion of hepatic steatosis, reduction in liver and skeletal muscle content of phosphorylated JNK, and an improvement in muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and Akt signaling. Although part of the beneficial effects of Tb are likely to be secondary to the reduction in body weight, we also found direct protective actions of butyrate reducing TNFα production after LPS injection and in vitro by LPS- or palmitic acid-stimulated macrophages and attenuating lipolysis in vitro and in vivo. The results, reported herein, suggest that Tb may be useful for the treatment and prevention of obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508-900, Butantã, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Ren W, Luo W, Wu M, Liu G, Yu X, Fang J, Li T, Yin Y, Wu G. Dietary l-glutamine supplementation improves pregnancy outcome in mice infected with type-2 porcine circovirus. Amino Acids 2011; 45:479-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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