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Dong X, Bie J, Liu X. Research Note: Isolation and immunomodulatory activity of bursal peptide, a novel peptide from avian immune system developments. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103294. [PMID: 38042040 PMCID: PMC10711509 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is pivotal for B lymphocyte ontogenesis. In the present investigation, a novel bursal peptide, designated BP7, was extracted from BF and was found to stimulate colony-forming unit pre-B (CFU pre-B) formation at various concentrations (1 μg/mL, P < 0.05; 5 μg/mL, P < 0.05; 25 μg/mL, P < 0.05). Moreover, BP7 modulated B cell differentiation pathways. The immunoregulatory potential of BP7 was further assessed in avian and murine models subjected to immunization with inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV, H9N2 subtype). BP7 significantly augmented AIV-specific antibody levels (Prime immunization: 5 mg/kg, P < 0.05; Boost immunization: 0.4, 1, and 5 mg/kg, P < 0.05) and cytokine secretion in the avian model (IL-4 and IFN-γ: 0.4, 1, and 5 mg/kg, P < 0.05). Similarly, in the murine model, AIV-specific antibody levels (Prime and Boost immunization: 0.4, 1, and 5 mg/kg, P < 0.05) and cytokine production (IL-4 and IFN-γ: 0.4, 1, and 5 mg/kg, P < 0.05) were notably enhanced. This study offers novel insights into the mechanisms underlying B cell maturation and holds implications for future immunopharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Junhong Bie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Zhang Z, Cai J, Hao S, Li C, Chen J, Li T, Feng X. Transcriptomic analysis of spleen B cell revealed the molecular basis of bursopentin on B cell differentiation. Vet Res 2022; 53:109. [PMID: 36517897 PMCID: PMC9753308 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01123-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius, the acknowledged humoral immune organ unique to birds, plays a vital role in B cell development. Bursopentin (BP5) derived from the bursa is reported to induce the development and formation of B cells. However, the mechanism of BP5 on B cell differentiation is still unclear. In this paper, total B lymphocytes from mice immunized with H9N2 subtype AIV vaccine were stimulated with BP5. The results show that BP5 at the experimental dosages promoted B cell differentiation, including the total B cells, activated B cells, differentiated B cells, mature B cells and plasma cells. Then, the in vivo immune experiment proved that the percentages of activated and differentiated B cells from mice immunized with AIV vaccine and 0.25 mg/mL BP5 were increased. To investigate the molecular mechanism of BP5 on B cell differentiation, the gene expression profiles of B cells purified from the spleen cells of mice immunized with AIV vaccine and BP5 were detected following RNA sequencing technology. The results show that BP5 at 0.05 and 0.25 mg/mL induced the enrichment of various biological functions, and stimulated five common significant enrichment pathways in B cells from the immunized mice. Additionally, 120 and 59 differentially expressed genes (DEG) represented transcriptional factors in B cells following 0.05 and 0.25 mg/mL BP5 immunization, respectively. In summary, these results suggest that BP5 regulates various gene expression involved in regulation of B cell development, which provides the knowledge required for additional studies on B cell differentiation in response to bursal-derived peptides and also provides an important experimental basis for improving vaccine immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiaxi Cai
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shanshan Hao
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Chenfei Li
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Tongtong Li
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xiuli Feng
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Key Laboratory of Animal Microbiology of China’s Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Liu Y, Wang X, Zhou J, Shi S, Shen T, Chen L, Zhang M, Liao C, Wang C. Development of PDA Nanoparticles for H9N2 Avian Influenza BPP-V/BP-IV Epitope Peptide Vaccines: Immunogenicity and Delivery Efficiency Improvement. Front Immunol 2021; 12:693972. [PMID: 34386005 PMCID: PMC8353371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.693972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protection of current influenza vaccines is limited due to the viral antigenic shifts and antigenic drifts. The universal influenza vaccine is a new hotspot in vaccine research that aims to overcome these problems. Polydopamine (PDA), a versatile biomaterial, has the advantages of an excellent biocompatibility, controllable particle size, and distinctive drug loading approach in drug delivery systems. To enhance the immunogenicities and delivery efficiencies of H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) epitope peptide vaccines, PDA nanoparticles conjugated with the BPP-V and BP-IV epitope peptides were used to prepare the nano BPP-V and BP-IV epitope peptide vaccines, respectively. The characteristics of the newly developed epitope peptide vaccines were then evaluated, revealing particle sizes ranging from approximately 240 to 290 nm (PDI<0.3), indicating that the synthesized nanoparticles were stable. Simultaneously, the immunoprotective effects of nano BPP-V and BP-IV epitope peptide vaccines were assessed. The nano BPP-V and BP-IV epitope vaccines, especially nano BP-IV epitope vaccine, quickly induced anti-hemagglutinin (HA) antibody production and a sustained immune response, significantly promoted humoral and cellular immune responses, reduced viral lung damage and provided effective protection against AIV viral infection. Together, these results reveal that PDA, as a delivery carrier, can improve the immunogenicities and delivery efficiencies of H9N2 AIV nano epitope vaccines, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the design and development of PDA as a carrier of new universal influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Liu
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiangfei Zhou
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shuaibing Shi
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Tengfei Shen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chengshui Liao
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chen Wang
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Mehri M, Hasanvand S, Bazzi H. Nutritional requirement of meat-type Japanese quail: Threonine. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Alvarez KLF, Poma-Acevedo A, Fernández-Sánchez M, Fernández-Díaz M. An EdU-based flow cytometry assay to evaluate chicken T lymphocyte proliferation. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:230. [PMID: 32631319 PMCID: PMC7336446 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the poultry industry, quantitative analysis of chicken T cell proliferation is important in many biological applications such as drug screening, vaccine production, and cytotoxicity assessment. Several assays have been established to evaluate this immunological response in chicken cells. However, these assays have some disadvantages including use of radioactive labels ([3H]-Thymidine assay), necessity of DNA denaturation or digestion (BrdU incorporation assay), lack of sensitivity and underestimation of anti-proliferative effects (MTT assay), and modulation of activation molecules and cell viability reduction (CFSE assay). Overcoming these limitations, the EdU proliferation assay is sensitive and advantageous compared to [3H]-Thymidine radioactive labels in studies on cell proliferation in vitro and allows simultaneous identification of T cell populations. However, this assay has not been established using primary chicken cells to evaluate T cell proliferation by flow cytometry. Results Here, we established an assay to evaluate the proliferation of primary chicken splenocytes based on the incorporation of a thymidine analog (EdU) and a click reaction with a fluorescent azide, detected by a flow cytometer. We also established a protocol that combines EdU incorporation and immunostaining to detect CD4+ and CD8+ proliferating T cells. By inducing cell proliferation with increasing concentrations of a mitogen (Concanavalin A), we observed a linear increase in EdU positive cells, indicating that our protocol does not present any deficiency in the quantity and quality of reagents that were used to perform the click reaction. Conclusions In summary, we established a reliable protocol to evaluate the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ chicken T cells by flow cytometry. Moreover, as this is an in-house protocol, the cost per sample using this protocol is low, allowing its implementation in laboratories that process a large number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Lucía F Alvarez
- Research and Development Laboratories, FARVET, Carretera Panamericana Sur N°766 Km 198.5, Ica, Peru.
| | - Astrid Poma-Acevedo
- Research and Development Laboratories, FARVET, Carretera Panamericana Sur N°766 Km 198.5, Ica, Peru
| | - Manolo Fernández-Sánchez
- Research and Development Laboratories, FARVET, Carretera Panamericana Sur N°766 Km 198.5, Ica, Peru
| | - Manolo Fernández-Díaz
- Research and Development Laboratories, FARVET, Carretera Panamericana Sur N°766 Km 198.5, Ica, Peru
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Li J, Li TX, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Li DY, Xu HR. Bursopentin (BP5) induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest and endoplasmic reticulum stress/mitochondria-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:130. [PMID: 31123429 PMCID: PMC6521404 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0849-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bursopentin (BP5) is a multifunctional pentapeptide found in the chicken bursa of Fabricius. Recent study indicated that BP5 significantly stimulates expression of p53 protein in colon cancer HCT116 cells. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of BP5 on HCT116 cell proliferation remain largely unclear. Methods Analyses of cell viability, cell cycle arrest as well as apoptosis were performed to study the actions of BP5 on HCT116 cells. Western blot analyse was assayed to measure the cell cycle-related and apoptosis-related proteins. Specific siRNAs targeting IRE1, ATF-6, and PERK were used for IRE1, ATF-6, and PERK knockdown, respectively. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using a H2DCF-DA green fluorescence probe. Cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were measured using Fluo-3 AM and JC-1 stains, respectively. Results BP5 possessed strong inhibitory effects on the cell growth and induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Mechanistically, BP5 arrested the cell cycle at G1 phase by increasing p53 and p21 expression and decreasing cyclin E1-CDK2 complex expression. BP5 treatment dramatically activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, as revealed by the significantly enhanced expression of unfolded protein response (UPR) sensors (IRE1α, ATF6, PERK) as well as downstream signaling molecules (XBP-1s, eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP), and by the significantly altered the BP5-induced phenotypic changes in IRE1, ATF6, and PERK knockdown cells. Additionally, BP5-induced ER stress was accompanied by the accumulation of cytosolic free Ca2+ and intracellular ROS. Furthermore, BP5 treatment resulted in the increase of Bax expression, the decrease of Bcl-2 expression and the reduction of ΔΨm, subsequently causing a release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm and finally enhancing the activities of caspase-9 and -3. In addition, z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor, markedly rescued BP5-induced cell viability reduction and reduced BP5-induced apoptosis. Conclusions Our present results suggest that BP5 has an anticancer capacity to arrest cell cycle at G1 phase and to trigger ER stress/mitochondria-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Therefore, our findings provide insight into further investigations of the anticancer activities of BP5. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0849-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- 1Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Xiang Li
- 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Ma
- 1Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- 1Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China
| | - De-Yuan Li
- 4Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Rong Xu
- 1Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China.,2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China.,5Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People's Republic of China
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Zhang C, Zhou J, Liu Z, Liu Y, Cai K, Shen T, Liao C, Wang C. Comparison of immunoadjuvant activities of four bursal peptides combined with H9N2 avian influenza virus vaccine. J Vet Sci 2019; 19:817-826. [PMID: 30173497 PMCID: PMC6265577 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.6.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a central humoral immune organ unique to birds. Four bursal peptides (BP-I, BP-II, BP-III, and BP-IV) have been isolated and identified from the BF. In this study, the immunoadjuvant activities of BPs I to IV were examined in mice immunized with H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccine. The results suggested that BP-I effectively enhanced cell-mediated immune responses, increased the secretion of Th1 (interferon gamma)- and Th2 (interleukin-4)-type cytokines, and induced an improved cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to the H9N2 virus. BP-II mainly elevated specific antibody production, especially neutralizing antibodies, and increased Th1- and Th2-type cytokine secretion. BP-III had no significant effect on antibody production or cell-mediated immune responses compared to those in the control group. A strong immune response at both the humoral and cellular levels was induced by BP-IV. Furthermore, a virus challenge experiment followed by H&E staining revealed that BP-I and BP-II promoted removal of the virus and conferred protection in mouse lungs. BP-IV significantly reduced viral titers and histopathological changes and contributed to protection against H9N2 AIV challenge in mouse lungs. This study further elucidated the immunoadjuvant activities of BPs I to IV, providing a novel insight into immunoadjuvants for use in vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jiangfei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yongqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Kairui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Tengfei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Chengshui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
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Bai J, Wang R, Yan L, Feng J. Co-Supplementation of Dietary Seaweed Powder and Antibacterial Peptides Improves Broiler Growth Performance and Immune Function. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bai
- Lüliang University, P.R. China
| | - R Wang
- Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, P.R. China
| | - L Yan
- Shanxi Agricultural University, P.R. China
| | - J Feng
- Shanxi Agricultural University, P.R. China
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Ji XB, Luo J, Feng XL, Xu QL, Man T, Zhao D, Li XF, Zhang GP, Chen PY. The immunomodulatory peptide bursopentin (BP5) enhances proliferation and induces sIgM expression in DT40 cells. Afr Health Sci 2018; 18:1292-1302. [PMID: 30766595 PMCID: PMC6354878 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i4.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the recent past, many studies have been focused on extracts of BF and multiple biologically active factors and their effects on humoral immune system in chickens and birds. However, the mechanism of those immunomodulatory peptides on the B lineage cells proliferation and antibody production in chicken is fairly unknown. DT40 cell line, an avian leucosis virus-induced chicken pre-B cell line, expresses immunoglobulin M (IgM) isotype B cell reporter in the plasma membrane. There are many evidences suggesting that DT40 cells are best characterized as a bursal stem cell line. Because of the unique characteristics of DT40 cell line, it has been widely used to observe biological processes of pre-B lymphocyte cell within living cells. METHODS The chicken B cell line DT40 was cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium and cytotoxicity was studied. Also, effect of BP5 on cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution of DT40 cells was studied. Also, the effect of BP5 on sIgM mRNA expression was studied by using real-time PCR. OBJECTIVES To investigat the effects of Bursopentin (Cys-Lys-Arg-Val-Tyr, BP5) on a chicken promyelocyte cell line DT40, assays of cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, detection of surface immunoglobulin G (sIgM) mRNA expression and gene microarray analysis were performed. RESULTS The results showed that BP5 displayed concentration-dependent effects on the proliferation, cell cycle, and sIgM mRNA expression in DT40 cells. And the analysis of expression profiles identified a signature set of 3022 genes (1254 up regulated genes, 1762 down regulated genes), which clearly discriminated the BP5-treated DT40 cells from control with high certainty (P≤0.02). The results of microarray analysis were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for 12 of the differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSION Theses findings showed the immuno-activity effect of BP5 on B lymphocyte and indicated that BP5 treatment regulated eight signaling pathways, in which Toll-like signaling pathway was the most significant enrichment pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Bo Ji
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Labaratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiu-Li Feng
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiu-Liang Xu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Teng Man
- Key Labaratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Key Labaratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xin-Feng Li
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gai-Ping Zhang
- Key Labaratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Pu-Yan Chen
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Luo J, Liu H, Wang J, Li L, Han C, Gan X, Li Y, Bai L, Mustafa A. Transcriptome reveals B lymphocyte apoptosis in duck embryonic bursa of Fabricius mediated by mitochondrial and Fas signaling pathways. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:120-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.06.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Liu XD, Qian Y, Jung YS, Chen PY. Isolation and immunomodulatory activity of bursal peptide, a novel bursal peptide from the chicken bursa of Fabricius. J Vet Sci 2016; 16:501-7. [PMID: 26119163 PMCID: PMC4701743 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.4.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF), which is unique to birds, serves as the central humoral immune organ and plays a significant role in B lymphocyte differentiation. In this study, a new bursal peptide (BP-IV) was isolated from BF, which promoted colony-forming unit pre-B formation and regulated B cell differentiation. BP-IV also exerted immunomodulatory effects on antigen-specific immune responses via both humoral and cellular immunity in chicken and mice that had been immunized with inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV; H9N2 subtype), including enhancing AIV-specific antibody and cytokine production. The results of this study provided novel insights into the use of a potential candidate reagent for B cell development and future immuno-pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yingjuan Qian
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yong-Sam Jung
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pu-Yan Chen
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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12
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Hou H, Fan Y, Wang S, Si L, Li B. Immunomodulatory activity of Alaska pollock hydrolysates obtained by glutamic acid biosensor – Artificial neural network and the identification of its active central fragment. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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13
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Lam AT, Faragó EP, Owen MC, Fiser B, Jójárt B, Jensen SJK, Csizmadia IG, Viskolcz B. The effect of oxidative stress on the bursopentin peptide structure: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:9602-9. [PMID: 24730022 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54799j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bursopentin (BP(5), H-Cys(1)-Lys(2)-Arg(3)-Val(4)-Tyr(5)-OH), found in the bursa Fabricius of the chicken, is a pentapeptide that protects the organism from oxidative stress by reducing the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species. Hydrogen abstraction, a common oxidative reaction occurring in proteins, often results in the formation of d amino acid residues. To study the effect of this phenomenon on the structure of bursopentin, each of its residues were converted from the l configuration to the d configuration, and the structures of these peptide epimers were compared to that of the wild-type bursopentin. The conformations, secondary structures, compactness and hydrogen bonding of bursopentin were compared to its epimers using molecular dynamics simulations and first principles quantum chemical computations. It was discovered that the repulsion between the side chains of Lys(2) and Arg(3) influenced the conformation of the peptide regardless of the configuration of these residues. Epimerisation of the Val(4) and Tyr(5) caused a reduction in the compactness of bursopentin. In all cases, the occurrence of a turn structure was relatively high, especially when Arg(3) was in the d configuration. Thermodynamic analysis of the epimerisation process showed that the formation of d amino acid residues is favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, CanadaM5S
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Qin T, Yin Y, Yu Q, Yang Q. Bursopentin (BP5) protects dendritic cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress for immunosuppression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117477. [PMID: 25659113 PMCID: PMC4319828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a vital role in the regulation of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Thus, DCs have been regarded as a major target for the development of immunomodulators. However, oxidative stress could disturb inflammatory regulation in DCs. Here, we examined the effect of bursopentine (BP5), a novel pentapeptide isolated from chicken bursa of fabricius, on the protection of DCs against oxidative stress for immunosuppression. BP5 showed potent protective effects against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in DCs, including nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, BP5 elevated the level of cellular reductive status through increasing the reduced glutathione (GSH) and the GSH/GSSG ratio. Concomitant with these, the activities of several antioxidative redox enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were obviously enhanced. BP5 also suppressed submucosal DC maturation in the LPS-stimulated intestinal epithelial cells (ECs)/DCs coculture system. Finally, we found that heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) was remarkably upregulated by BP5 in the LPS-induced DCs, and played an important role in the suppression of oxidative stress and DC maturation. These results suggested that BP5 could protect the LPS-activated DCs against oxidative stress and have potential applications in DC-related inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qin
- Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry of China’s Department of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinyan Yin
- Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry of China’s Department of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry of China’s Department of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry of China’s Department of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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BP8, a novel peptide from avian immune system, modulates B cell developments. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2705-13. [PMID: 25168247 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is the key humoral immune organ unique to birds, and is critical for early B-lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation. However, the molecular basis and mechanisms through which the BF regulates B cell development are not fully understood. In this study, we isolated and identified a new bursal peptide (BP8, AGHTKKAP) by RP-HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS. BP8 promoted colony-forming pre-B formation, bound B cell precursor, regulated B cell development in vitro as well as in vivo, upstream of the EBF-E2A-Pax5 regulatory complex and increased immunoglobulin secretion. These data revealed a bursal-derived multifunctional factor BP8 as a novel biomaterial which is essential for the development of the immune system. This study elucidates further the mechanisms involved in humoral immune system and has implications in treating human diseases.
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Liu XD, Li XF, Feng XL, Zhou B, Cao RB, Chen PY. Effect of sonication on B cell development and immunomodulatory functions of Bursa of Fabricius. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:1343-1348. [PMID: 24618528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A study was initiated with the objective of evaluating the effects of sonication treatment on important quality parameters of extract of Bursa of Fabricius. Sonication of extract was done (frequency 20 kHz and various amplitude levels) at 0 °C for 10 min, 30 min, 50 min, respectively. As results, the yield of bursa peptides significantly increased (p<0.05). Then we found sonicated bursa extract promoted the content of bursin and the CFU pre-B formation, exerted immunomodulatory function on antigen-specific immune responses in C57/BL6 mice immunized with inactivated Japanese encephalitis b virus (JEV) vaccine, including enhancing JEV-specific antibody and cytokine production, T-cell immunophenotyping and lymphocyte proliferation. Findings of the present study suggested the sonication treatment of Bursa of Fabricius could improve the yield as well as the quality of bursa peptides, indicating that sonication is effective in processing of bursa extract and could be a potential process for future immuno-pharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Liu
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin-Feng Li
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiu-Li Feng
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rui-Bing Cao
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pu-Yan Chen
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Bursopentin (BP5) from chicken bursa of fabricius attenuates the immune function of dendritic cells. Amino Acids 2014; 46:1763-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Shen X, Yi D, Ni X, Zeng D, Jing B, Lei M, Bian Z, Zeng Y, Li T, Xin J. Effects ofLactobacillus plantarumon production performance, immune characteristics, antioxidant status, and intestinal microflora of bursin-immunized broilers. Can J Microbiol 2014; 60:193-202. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2013-0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Examples of probiotics that can promote host health by improving its intestinal microbial balance and intestinal immunity belong to the genus Lactobacillus. Bursin (BS) is a peptide isolated from the bursa of Fabricius for use as an adjuvant for a variety of immunogens. To investigate the synergistic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) dietary supplementation and BS immunization on production performance, immune characteristics, antioxidant status, and intestinal microflora in broilers, we randomly allocated 200 1-day-old broilers of mixed sex into 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (LP–/BS–, LP–/BS+, LP+/BS–, LP+/BS+) for 42 days. BS immunization enhanced immune response by increasing serum total immunoglobulin G concentration and interleukin-6 concentration, promoted antioxidant capacity by increasing catalase activities in serum and liver and by decreasing serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content at 42 days of age (DOA), and enriched intestinal microflora diversity. LP supplementation enhanced immune response by increasing interleukin-2 concentration at 42 DOA; promoted antioxidant capacity by increasing liver catalase activities, increasing glutathione peroxidase activities in serum and liver at 21 DOA, and decreasing serum MDA content at 42 DOA; promoted intestinal microflora composition by decreasing total aerobes and Escherichia coli counts at 21 DOA, by increasing total anaerobes count at 21 DOA, and by increasing Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. counts at both 21 and 42 DOA. The interactions between BS and LP had a significant effect on daily body mass gain and feed conversion ratio in the starter period (1–21 DOA); on interleukin-2 concentration and liver MDA content at 21 DOA; and on thymus index, peripheral lymphocyte proliferation, and E. coli counts at 42 DOA. Overall, these data suggest that the combination of LP dietary supplementation and BS immunization promoted the production performance, immune characteristics, antioxidant status, and intestinal microflora of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Jing
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengrong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang 46, Ya’an 625014, People’s Republic of China
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BP5 regulated B cell development promoting anti-oxidant defence. Amino Acids 2013; 46:209-22. [PMID: 24292101 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bursa of Fabricius is the humoral immune system for B cell differentiation and antibody production. Bursopentine (BP5) is a novel immunomodulatory peptide and significantly stimulated an antigen-specific immune response in mice. BP5 was also found to protect LPS-activated murine peritoneal macrophages from oxidative stress. In this study, the effects of BP5 on B cell development were examined. The results suggested that BP5 markedly promoted B cell development by increasing CFU-pre B, and affected the redox homeostasis regulation of B cells. To study the molecular mechanism of effect of bursal-derived BP5, this research utilized 2D-E and MALDI-TOF/TOF to analyze the differentially expressed proteins of BP5-treated WEHI-231 cells. The results showed that BP5 affected the redox homeostasis regulation of WEHI-231 cells and induced alterations in the protein expression profiles related to the oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process, precursor metabolites and energy, proteolysis, RNA splicing and translation and cellular process, respectively. BP5 also induced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity, an essential anti-oxidant cofactor. We found that the redox homeostasis regulation effect of BP5 was reduced in G6PD-deficient cells. These data suggested that BP5 affected the redox balance toward reducing conditions by promoting the expression of G6PD, which in turn regulated the glutathione redox cycle and other processes.
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Liu XD, Zhou B, Cao RB, Feng XL, Li XF, Chen PY. Comparison of immunomodulatory functions of three peptides from the chicken bursa of Fabricius. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 186:57-61. [PMID: 23892032 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is the acknowledged central humoral immune organ unique to birds which plays important roles in B cell development and antibody production. Little information on immunomodulatory functions of BF is reported, except for several reported active bursal-derived peptides. Three peptides were identified and characterized from BF through RP-HPLC and MADIL-TOF methods. They are named as bursal peptide (BP)-I, BP-II, BP-III. These peptides promoted CFU pre-B formation and decreased PU.1 expression. The different immunomodulatory activities of these three bursal peptides on antibody and cytokine productions were verified by the immunization comparative experiment. The results showed the three bursal peptides enhanced AIV-specific antibody and cytokine production, T-cell immunophenotyping at reachable concentrations. These results indicate the important orientations for the comprehensive understanding of the humoral central immune system, and provide a novel insight on new experimental reagents for immuno-adjuvant or immunopharmacological.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Liu
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Feng X, Cao R, Zhou B, Liu Q, Liu K, Liu X, Zhang Y, Gu J, Miao D, Chen P. The potential mechanism of Bursal-derived BPP-II on the antibody production and avian pre-B cell. Vaccine 2012; 31:1535-9. [PMID: 23000123 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius is critical for the normal development of the B lymphocytes responsible for antibody production. However, the mechanism of the bursal-derived bioactive factor on B cell development is little reported. In this paper, chicks were immunized with BPP-II and AIV vaccine or AIV antigen, and antibody and IL-4 production were detected. The results showed that BPP-II played strongly inducing roles on the humoral immune responses. To investigate the gene expression at transcriptional level, avian pre-B lymphocyte DT40 cells were treated with BPP-II, and were analyzed with the gene microarray. The results proved that BPP-II treatment regulated 11 pathways, in which homologous recombination is a vital mechanism which is involved in antibody Ig gene conversion and diversification during B cell development. These results suggested Bursal-derived biological active factor BPP-II might be involved in the antibody production processes and B cell development, which is vital to the humoral central immune organ, the bursa of Fabricius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Feng
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Feng XL, Zhou B, Cao RB, Liu QT, Liu K, Liu XD, Zhang YP, Huang L, Ji XB, Luo J, Zhang G, Chen PY. Immunomodulatory roles and functional analysis of pre-B lymphocyte DT40 cells with the bursal-derived BSP-II treatment. Peptides 2012; 36:292-8. [PMID: 22561065 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius, the acknowledged central humoral immune organ, is vital to B cell differentiation. However, the regulatory function of the bursal-derived peptide on avian B cell proliferation has not been reported. BSP-II is a recently reported bursal-derived bioactive peptide. In this paper, 75 days-old chicks were twice subcutaneously immunized with BSP-II and inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV, H(9)N(2) strain). It was proved that BSP-II induced a strongly AIV-specific HI antibody production in the immunized chicks. Also, BSP-II could enhance avian pre-B lymphocyte DT40 cell viability. To investigate the global patterns of gene expression in DT40 cells after BSP-II treatment, gene microarray was carried out. It was identified that the differentially expressed genes were involved in various pathways, of which six pathways were associated with signaling transductions, including ErbB signaling, MAPK signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, Notch signaling, mTOR signaling, and Wnt signaling. Finally, RT-qPCR was used to confirm the microarray expression data. These results indicated the molecular basis of pre-B lymphocyte viability with BSP-II treatment, which provided a potential mechanism of the bursa of Fabricius on pre-B lymphocyte viability, differentiation, and development. These results are valid for the mechanism of the bursa of Fabricius on B lymphocytes development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Feng
- Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
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Gene expression profiling of hybridoma cells after bursal-derived bioactive factor BP5 treatment. Amino Acids 2012; 43:2443-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Liu XD, Feng XL, Zhou B, Cao RB, Li XF, Ma ZY, Chen PY. Isolation, modulatory functions on murine B cell development and antigen-specific immune responses of BP11, a novel peptide from the chicken bursa of Fabricius. Peptides 2012; 35:107-13. [PMID: 22429726 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is the central humoral immune organ unique to birds which plays important roles in B lymphocyte differentiation. Here, a new bursal peptide (BP11) with the amino acid sequence DVAGKLPDNRT was identified and characterized from BF. It was proved that BP11 promoted CFU pre-B formation, and regulated B cell differentiation, including increase the percentage of immature and mature B cells in BM cells co-cultured with IL-7. BP11 also exerted immunomodulatory function on antigen-specific immune responses in BALB/c mice immunized with inactivated influence virus (AIV, H9N2 subtype) vaccine, including enhancing AIV-specific antibody and cytokine production. Furthermore, it was noteworthy that BP11 stimulated antibody productions and potentiates the Th1 and Th2-type immune responses in dose-dependent manner in chicken. These results suggested that BP11 might be highly relevant for the development of avian immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Liu
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Li DY, Xue MY, Geng ZR, Chen PY. The suppressive effects of Bursopentine (BP5) on oxidative stress and NF-ĸB activation in lipopolysaccharide-activated murine peritoneal macrophages. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 29:9-20. [PMID: 22415070 DOI: 10.1159/000337581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Bursopentine (BP5) is a novel thiol-containing pentapeptide isolated from chicken bursa of Fabricius, and is reported to exert immunomodulatory effects on B and T lymphocytes. It has been found that some thiol compounds, such as glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) protect living cells from oxidative stress. This led us to investigate whether BP5 had any ability to protect macrophages from oxidative stress as well as any mechanism that might underlie this process. METHODS Murine peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2 μg/ml) were treated with single bouts (0, 25, 50, and 100 μM) of BP5. RESULTS BP5 potently suppressed the markers for oxidative stress, including nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. It also decreased the expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and promoted a protective antioxidant state by elevating GSH content and by activating the expression and activity of certain key antioxidant and redox enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). This suppressive effect on oxidative stress was accompanied by down-regulated expression and activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that BP5 can protect LPS-activated murine peritoneal macrophages from oxidative stress. BP5 may have applications as an anti-oxidative stress reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Feng XL, Liu QT, Cao RB, Zhou B, Zhang YP, Liu K, Liu XD, Wei JC, Li XF, Chen PY. Characterization and immunomodulatory function comparison of various bursal-derived peptides isolated from the humoral central immune organ. Peptides 2012; 33:258-64. [PMID: 22286032 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is the acknowledged central immune organ, which is important to the B cell differentiation and antibody production. However, due to difficult purification, the immunomodulatory peptides from BF were little reported. In this study, the extract samples of BF were taken to a chromatographic analysis by RP-HPLC. Five novel low molecular weight peptides were isolated from BF, with amino acid sequences of YEYAY, RMYEE, GPPAT, AGCCNG, and RRL, and named as Bursal pentapeptide (BPP)-III, -IV, -V, and Bursal hexapeptide (BHP), and Bursal tripeptide (BTP), respectively. BSP-I, BSP-II, BPP-I and BPP-II are recently reported to be the bursal-derived bioactive peptides. In this paper, we analyzed the chemical formula and characteristics of these nine bursal-derived peptides. The immunization comparative experiment verified the different immunomodulatory activity of these nine bursal peptides on antibody and cytokine productions. Furthermore, the results showed that at reachable concentrations, BPP-II and BPP-I induced antibody productions, lymphocyte viabilities and cytokine responses in different dose-dependent manner in the immunized mice model, respectively. These results provided important orientations for the comprehensively understanding and study of the humoral central immune system of human, and provided a novel insight on the treatment of serious disease and immune improvement of human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Feng
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Feng XL, Liu QT, Cao RB, Zhou B, Ma ZY, Deng WL, Wei JC, Qiu YF, Wang FQ, Gu JY, Wang FJ, Zheng QS, Ishag H, Chen PY. Identification and characterization of novel immunomodulatory bursal-derived pentapeptide-II (BPP-II). J Biol Chem 2011; 287:3798-807. [PMID: 22184121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.273854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The bursa of Fabricius, the acknowledged central humoral immune organ, plays a vital role in B lymphocyte differentiation. However, there are few reports of the molecular basis of the mechanism on immune induction and potential antitumor activity of bursal-derived peptides. In this paper, a novel bursal-derived pentapeptide-II (BPP-II, MTLTG) was isolated and exerted immunomodulatory functions on antibody responses in vitro. Gene microarray analyses demonstrated that BPP-II regulated expression of 2478 genes in a mouse-derived hybridoma cell line. Immune-related gene ontology functional procedures were employed for further functional analysis. Furthermore, the majority of BPP-II-regulated pathways were associated with immune responses and tumor processes. Moreover, BPP-II exhibited immunomodulatory effects on antigen-specific immune responses in vivo, including enhancement of avian influenza virus (H9N2 subtype)-specific antibody and cytokine production and modification of T cell immunophenotypes and lymphocyte proliferation. Finally, BPP-II triggered p53 expression and stabilization and selectively inhibited tumor cell proliferation. These data identified the multifunctional factor, BPP-II, as a novel biomaterial representing an important linking between the humoral central immune system and immune induction, including antitumor. Information generated in this study elucidates further the mechanisms involved in humoral immune system and represents the potential basis of effective immunotherapeutic strategies for treating human tumors and immune improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Feng
- Division of Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology, Department of Agriculture of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Li D, Xue M, Wang C, Wang J, Chen P. Bursopentine as a novel immunoadjuvant enhances both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to inactivated H9N2 Avian Influenza virus in chickens. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 18:1497-502. [PMID: 21795462 PMCID: PMC3165222 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.05133-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for identification of a new adjuvant capable of selectively promoting an efficient immune response for use with vaccines and especially subunit vaccines. Our pervious study showed that Bursopentine (BP5) is a novel immunomodulatory peptide and has the ability to significantly stimulate an antigen-specific immune response in mice. In this study, the potential adjuvant activities of BP5 were examined in chickens by coinjection of BP5 and an inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV) (A/Duck/Jiangsu/NJ08/05 [AIV H9N2 subtype]). The results suggested that BP5 markedly elevated serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers and antigen-specific antihemagglutinin (anti-HA) antibody (IgG) levels, induced both Th1 (interleukin 2 [IL-2] and gamma interferon [IFN-γ])- and Th2 (IL-4)-type cytokines, promoted the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and increased populations of CD3(+) T cells and their subsets CD4(+) (CD3(+) CD4(+)) T cells and CD8(+) (CD3(+) CD8(+)) T cells. Furthermore, a virus challenge experiment revealed that BP5 contributes to protection against homologous avian influenza virus challenge by reducing viral replication in chicken lungs. This study indicates that the combination of inactivated AIVs and BP5 gives a strong immune response at both the humoral and cellular levels and implies that BP5 is a novel immunoadjuvant suitable for vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyuan Li
- Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology, China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, JingSu 210095, China.
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Feng XL, Liu QT, Cao RB, Zhou B, Wang FQ, Deng WL, Qiu YF, Zhang Y, Ishag H, Ma ZY, Zheng QS, Chen PY. A bursal pentapeptide (BPP-I), a novel bursal-derived peptide, exhibits antiproliferation of tumor cell and immunomodulator activity. Amino Acids 2011; 42:2215-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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