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Kim YC, Hartweck LM, Olszewski NE. E. coli-expressed SECRET AGENT O-GlcNAc modifies threonine 829 of GIGANTEA. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1343066. [PMID: 39091319 PMCID: PMC11291313 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1343066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana glycosyl transferases SPINDLY (SPY) and SECRET AGENT (SEC) modify nuclear and cytosolic proteins with O-linked fucose or O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), respectively. O-fucose and O-GlcNAc modifications can occur at the same sites. SPY interacts physically and genetically with GIGANTEA (GI), suggesting that it could be modified by both enzymes. Previously, we found that, when co-expressed in Escherichia coli, SEC modifies GI; however, the modification site was not determined. By analyzing the overlapping sub-fragments of GI, we identified a region that was modified by SEC in E. coli. Modification was undetectable when threonine 829 (T829) was mutated to alanine, while the T834A and T837A mutations reduced the modification, suggesting that T829 was the primary or the only modification site. Mapping using mass spectrometry detected only the modification of T829. Previous studies have shown that the positions modified by SEC in E. coli are modified in planta, suggesting that T829 is O-GlcNAc modified in planta.
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Dupas T, Betus C, Blangy-Letheule A, Pelé T, Persello A, Denis M, Lauzier B. An overview of tools to decipher O-GlcNAcylation from historical approaches to new insights. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 151:106289. [PMID: 36031106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification which affects approximately 5000 human proteins. Its involvement has been shown in many if not all biological processes. Variations in O-GlcNAcylation levels can be associated with the development of diseases. Deciphering the role of O-GlcNAcylation is an important issue to (i) understand its involvement in pathophysiological development and (ii) develop new therapeutic strategies to modulate O-GlcNAc levels. Over the past 30 years, despite the development of several approaches, knowledge of its role and regulation have remained limited. This review proposes an overview of the currently available tools to study O-GlcNAcylation and identify O-GlcNAcylated proteins. Briefly, we discuss pharmacological modulators, methods to study O-GlcNAcylation levels and approaches for O-GlcNAcylomic profiling. This review aims to contribute to a better understanding of the methods used to study O-GlcNAcylation and to promote efforts in the development of new strategies to explore this promising modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dupas
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Charlotte Betus
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | | | - Thomas Pelé
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Persello
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Manon Denis
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Lauzier
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Yin X, Bi Y, Jiang F, Guo R, Zhang Y, Fan J, Kang MS, Fan X. Fine mapping of candidate quantitative trait loci for plant and ear height in a maize nested-association mapping population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:963985. [PMID: 35991429 PMCID: PMC9386523 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.963985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Plant height (PH) and ear height (EH) are two important traits in maize (Zea mays L.), as they are closely related to lodging resistance and planting density. Our objectives were to (1) investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with PH and EH for detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) and new gene that determines PH and EH, (2) explore the value of the QTL in maize breeding, and (3) investigate whether the "triangle heterotic group" theory is applicable for lowering PH and EH to increase yield. Seven inbred female parents were crossed with a common founder male parent Ye 107 to create a nested association mapping (NAM) population. The analysis of phenotypic data on PH and EH revealed wide variation among the parents of the NAM population. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and high-resolution linkage mapping were conducted using the NAM population, which generated 264,694 SNPs by genotyping-by-sequencing. A total of 105 SNPs and 22 QTL were identified by GWAS and found to be significantly associated with PH and EH. A high-confidence QTL for PH, Qtl-chr1-EP, was identified on chromosome 1 via GWAS and confirmed by linkage analysis in two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. Results revealed that the SNP variation in the promoter region of the candidate gene Zm00001d031938, located at Qtl-chr1-EP, which encoded UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-peptide N-acetyl-glucosaminyl-transferase, might decrease PH and EH. Furthermore, the triangle heterotic pattern adopted in maize breeding programs by our team is practicable in selecting high-yield crosses based on the low ratio of EH/PH (EP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Yin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yaqi Bi
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fuyan Jiang
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ruijia Guo
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yudong Zhang
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Manjit S. Kang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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4
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Zhuang X, Guo X, Gu T, Xu X, Qin L, Xu K, He Z, Zhang K. Phosphorylation of plant virus proteins: Analysis methods and biological functions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:935735. [PMID: 35958157 PMCID: PMC9360750 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.935735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is one of the most extensively investigated post-translational modifications that orchestrate a variety of cellular signal transduction processes. The phosphorylation of virus-encoded proteins plays an important regulatory role in the infection cycle of such viruses in plants. In recent years, molecular mechanisms underlying the phosphorylation of plant viral proteins have been widely studied. Based on recent publications, our study summarizes the phosphorylation analyses of plant viral proteins and categorizes their effects on biological functions according to the viral life cycle. This review provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of viral infection. Furthermore, it deepens our understanding of the biological functions of phosphorylation in the interactions between plants and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Zhuang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxiao Gu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lang Qin
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Kun Zhang, ;
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5
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Abstract
Post-translational modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a process referred to as O-GlcNAcylation, occurs on a vast variety of proteins. Mounting evidence in the past several decades has clearly demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation is a unique and ubiquitous modification. Reminiscent of a code, protein O-GlcNAcylation functions as a crucial regulator of nearly all cellular processes studied. The primary aim of this review is to summarize the developments in our understanding of myriad protein substrates modified by O-GlcNAcylation from a systems perspective. Specifically, we provide a comprehensive survey of O-GlcNAcylation in multiple species studied, including eukaryotes (e.g., protists, fungi, plants, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, murine, and human), prokaryotes, and some viruses. We evaluate features (e.g., structural properties and sequence motifs) of O-GlcNAc modification on proteins across species. Given that O-GlcNAcylation functions in a species-, tissue-/cell-, protein-, and site-specific manner, we discuss the functional roles of O-GlcNAcylation on human proteins. We focus particularly on several classes of relatively well-characterized human proteins (including transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and E3 ubiquitin-ligases), with representative O-GlcNAc site-specific functions presented. We hope the systems view of the great endeavor in the past 35 years will help demystify the O-GlcNAc code and lead to more fascinating studies in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Chunyan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
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Ma J, Wu C, Hart GW. Analytical and Biochemical Perspectives of Protein O-GlcNAcylation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1513-1581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Gerald W. Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Hervás M, Navajas R, Chagoyen M, García JA, Martínez-Turiño S. Phosphorylation-Related Crosstalk Between Distant Regions of the Core Region of the Coat Protein Contributes to Virion Assembly of Plum Pox Virus. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:653-667. [PMID: 31859600 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-19-0305-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic proteins are often targets of posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Capsid protein (CP) of plum pox virus (PPV), a member of genus Potyvirus, has been reported to be prone to phosphorylation in four serines at the N-terminal region. CP phosphorylation has been proposed to influence PPV infection by regulating CP accumulation in coordination with a second PTM, O-GlcNAcylation. In this study, a further proteomic characterization of PPV CP phosphorylation revealed additional phospho-targets, thus evidencing even greater complexity of the network of PTMs affecting this protein. In particular, two new phosphorylation targets, T254 and T313, at protein distal core, appear to be highly relevant for infection. Although abolishing phosphorylation at these positions does not have a severe effect on infectivity or viral accumulation, phospho-mimicking at either of these targets disrupts cell-to-cell movement. Strand-specific reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis and fractionation by centrifugation in a continuous sucrose gradient enabled us to conclude that such a deleterious effect is not related to failures in replication but is a consequence of inaccurate virion assembly. The analysis of spontaneous compensatory mutations at the CP core identified in a multiple phospho-mimicking mutant disclosed a functional dialogue between distant phospho-targets, which was further supported by an in silico PPV virion model, built on the watermelon mosaic virus atomic structure. Therefore, whereas joint and opposite action of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation at the N-terminal disordered protrusion of CP appears to regulate protein stability, we propose that phosphorylations at the core region control assembly and disassembly of viral particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hervás
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Rosana Navajas
- Proteomics Unit, CNB-CSIC, ProteoRed ISCIII, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Mónica Chagoyen
- Computational Systems Biology Group, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio García
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sandra Martínez-Turiño
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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8
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Hervás M, Ciordia S, Navajas R, García JA, Martínez-Turiño S. Common and Strain-Specific Post-Translational Modifications of the Potyvirus Plum pox virus Coat Protein in Different Hosts. Viruses 2020; 12:E308. [PMID: 32178365 PMCID: PMC7150786 DOI: 10.3390/v12030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation are widespread post-translational modifications (PTMs), often sharing protein targets. Numerous studies have reported the phosphorylation of plant viral proteins. In plants, research on O-GlcNAcylation lags behind that of other eukaryotes, and information about O-GlcNAcylated plant viral proteins is extremely scarce. The potyvirus Plum pox virus (PPV) causes sharka disease in Prunus trees and also infects a wide range of experimental hosts. Capsid protein (CP) from virions of PPV-R isolate purified from herbaceous plants can be extensively modified by O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. In this study, a combination of proteomics and biochemical approaches was employed to broaden knowledge of PPV CP PTMs. CP proved to be modified regardless of whether or not it was assembled into mature particles. PTMs of CP occurred in the natural host Prunus persica, similarly to what happens in herbaceous plants. Additionally, we observed that O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation were general features of different PPV strains, suggesting that these modifications contribute to general strategies deployed during plant-virus interactions. Interestingly, phosphorylation at a casein kinase II motif conserved among potyviral CPs exhibited strain specificity in PPV; however, it did not display the critical role attributed to the same modification in the CP of another potyvirus, Potato virus A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hervás
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), ProteoRed ISCIII, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Rosana Navajas
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), ProteoRed ISCIII, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Juan Antonio García
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sandra Martínez-Turiño
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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9
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Martínez-Turiño S, García JA. Potyviral coat protein and genomic RNA: A striking partnership leading virion assembly and more. Adv Virus Res 2020; 108:165-211. [PMID: 33837716 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Potyvirus genus clusters a significant and expanding number of widely distributed plant viruses, responsible for large losses impacting most crops of economic interest. The potyviral genome is a single-stranded, linear, positive-sense RNA of around 10kb that is encapsidated in flexuous rod-shaped filaments, mostly made up of a helically arranged coat protein (CP). Beyond its structural role of protecting the viral genome, the potyviral CP is a multitasking protein intervening in practically all steps of the virus life cycle. In particular, interactions between the CP and the viral RNA must be tightly controlled to allow the correct assignment of the RNA to each of its functions through the infection process. This review attempts to bring together the most relevant available information regarding the architecture and modus operandi of potyviral CP and virus particles, highlighting significant discoveries, but also substantial gaps in the existing knowledge on mechanisms orchestrating virion assembly and disassembly. Biotechnological applications based on potyvirus nanoparticles is another important topic addressed here.
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10
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Martínez‐Turiño S, Pérez JDJ, Hervás M, Navajas R, Ciordia S, Udeshi ND, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, García JA. Phosphorylation coexists with O-GlcNAcylation in a plant virus protein and influences viral infection. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2018; 19:1427-1443. [PMID: 29024291 PMCID: PMC5895533 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation are two widespread post-translational modifications (PTMs), often affecting the same eukaryotic target protein. Plum pox virus (PPV) is a member of the genus Potyvirus which infects a wide range of plant species. O-GlcNAcylation of the capsid protein (CP) of PPV has been studied extensively, and some evidence of CP phosphorylation has also been reported. Here, we use proteomics analyses to demonstrate that PPV CP is phosphorylated in vivo at the N-terminus and the beginning of the core region. In contrast with the 'yin-yang' mechanism that applies to some mammalian proteins, PPV CP phosphorylation affects residues different from those that are O-GlcNAcylated (serines Ser-25, Ser-81, Ser-101 and Ser-118). Our findings show that PPV CP can be concurrently phosphorylated and O-GlcNAcylated at nearby residues. However, an analysis using a differential proteomics strategy based on iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) showed a significant enhancement of phosphorylation at Ser-25 in virions recovered from O-GlcNAcylation-deficient plants, suggesting that crosstalk between O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation in PPV CP takes place. Although the preclusion of phosphorylation at the four identified phosphotarget sites only had a limited impact on viral infection, the mimicking of phosphorylation prevents PPV infection in Prunus persica and weakens infection in Nicotiana benthamiana and other herbaceous hosts, prompting the emergence of potentially compensatory second mutations. We postulate that the joint action of phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in the N-proximal segment of CP allows a fine-tuning of protein stability, providing the amount of CP required in each step of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Martínez‐Turiño
- Department of Plant Molecular GeneticsCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28049Spain
| | - José De Jesús Pérez
- Department of Plant Molecular GeneticsCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28049Spain
- Present address:
División de Biología MolecularInstituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C.Camino a la Presa San José 2055San Luis PotosíSLPMéxico
| | - Marta Hervás
- Department of Plant Molecular GeneticsCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28049Spain
| | - Rosana Navajas
- Proteomics UnitCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC), ProteoRed ISCIIIMadrid 28049Spain
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Proteomics UnitCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC), ProteoRed ISCIIIMadrid 28049Spain
| | - Namrata D. Udeshi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA
- Present address:
Proteomics Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Room 5033CambridgeMA 02142USA
| | | | - Donald F. Hunt
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA
| | - Juan Antonio García
- Department of Plant Molecular GeneticsCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28049Spain
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Biological Sciences and the Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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12
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2011-2012. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2017; 36:255-422. [PMID: 26270629 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This review is the seventh update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2012. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural types constitute the remainder. The main groups of compound are oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:255-422, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
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13
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Steiner E, Livne S, Kobinson-Katz T, Tal L, Pri-Tal O, Mosquna A, Tarkowská D, Mueller B, Tarkowski P, Weiss D. The Putative O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase SPINDLY Inhibits Class I TCP Proteolysis to Promote Sensitivity to Cytokinin. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:1485-94. [PMID: 27208284 PMCID: PMC4902619 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) SPINDLY (SPY) is a putative serine and threonine O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). While SPY has been shown to suppress gibberellin signaling and to promote cytokinin (CK) responses, its catalytic OGT activity was never demonstrated and its effect on protein fate is not known. We previously showed that SPY interacts physically and functionally with TCP14 and TCP15 to promote CK responses. Here, we aimed to identify how SPY regulates TCP14/15 activities and how these TCPs promote CK responses. We show that SPY activity is required for TCP14 stability. Mutation in the putative OGT domain of SPY (spy-3) stimulated TCP14 proteolysis by the 26S proteasome, which was reversed by mutation in CULLIN1 (CUL1), suggesting a role for SKP, CUL1, F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase in TCP14 proteolysis. TCP14 proteolysis in spy-3 suppressed all TCP14 misexpression phenotypes, including the enhanced CK responses. The increased CK activity in TCP14/15-overexpressing flowers resulted from increased sensitivity to the hormone and not from higher CK levels. TCP15 overexpression enhanced the response of the CK-induced synthetic promoter pTCS to CK, suggesting that TCP14/15 affect early steps in CK signaling. We propose that posttranslational modification of TCP14/15 by SPY inhibits their proteolysis and that the accumulated proteins promote the activity of the CK phosphorelay cascade in developing Arabidopsis leaves and flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evyatar Steiner
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Sivan Livne
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Tammy Kobinson-Katz
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Lior Tal
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Oded Pri-Tal
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Assaf Mosquna
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Bruno Mueller
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
| | - David Weiss
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (E.S., S.L., T.K.-K., O.P.-T., A.M., D.W.);Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel (L.T.);Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Metabolomics, Institute of Experimental Botany, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (D.T.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland (B.M.); andCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Central Laboratories and Research Support, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, and Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal, and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic (P.T.)
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14
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Rose CM, Rush MJP, Riley NM, Merrill AE, Kwiecien NW, Holden DD, Mullen C, Westphall MS, Coon JJ. A calibration routine for efficient ETD in large-scale proteomics. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1848-57. [PMID: 26111518 PMCID: PMC5642106 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer dissociation (ETD) has been broadly adopted and is now available on a variety of commercial mass spectrometers. Unlike collisional activation techniques, optimal performance of ETD requires considerable user knowledge and input. ETD reaction duration is one key parameter that can greatly influence spectral quality and overall experiment outcome. We describe a calibration routine that determines the correct number of reagent anions necessary to reach a defined ETD reaction rate. Implementation of this automated calibration routine on two hybrid Orbitrap platforms illustrate considerable advantages, namely, increased product ion yield with concomitant reduction in scan rates netting up to 75% more unique peptide identifications in a shotgun experiment. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Rose
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Matthew J P Rush
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Nicholas M Riley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Anna E Merrill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Nicholas W Kwiecien
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | | | | | - Michael S Westphall
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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15
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Liu Y, Dai S, Xing L, Xu Y, Chong K. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification and its biological functions. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-015-0816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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16
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Abstract
Potyvirus is the largest genus of plant viruses causing significant losses in a wide range of crops. Potyviruses are aphid transmitted in a nonpersistent manner and some of them are also seed transmitted. As important pathogens, potyviruses are much more studied than other plant viruses belonging to other genera and their study covers many aspects of plant virology, such as functional characterization of viral proteins, molecular interaction with hosts and vectors, structure, taxonomy, evolution, epidemiology, and diagnosis. Biotechnological applications of potyviruses are also being explored. During this last decade, substantial advances have been made in the understanding of the molecular biology of these viruses and the functions of their various proteins. After a general presentation on the family Potyviridae and the potyviral proteins, we present an update of the knowledge on potyvirus multiplication, movement, and transmission and on potyvirus/plant compatible interactions including pathogenicity and symptom determinants. We end the review providing information on biotechnological applications of potyviruses.
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17
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García JA, Glasa M, Cambra M, Candresse T. Plum pox virus and sharka: a model potyvirus and a major disease. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2014; 15:226-41. [PMID: 24102673 PMCID: PMC6638681 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
TAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS Plum pox virus (PPV) is a member of the genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae. PPV diversity is structured into at least eight monophyletic strains. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION First discovered in Bulgaria, PPV is nowadays present in most of continental Europe (with an endemic status in many central and southern European countries) and has progressively spread to many countries on other continents. GENOMIC STRUCTURE Typical of potyviruses, the PPV genome is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), with a protein linked to its 5' end and a 3'-terminal poly A tail. It is encapsidated by a single type of capsid protein (CP) in flexuous rod particles and is translated into a large polyprotein which is proteolytically processed in at least 10 final products: P1, HCPro, P3, 6K1, CI, 6K2, VPg, NIapro, NIb and CP. In addition, P3N-PIPO is predicted to be produced by a translational frameshift. PATHOGENICITY FEATURES PPV causes sharka, the most damaging viral disease of stone fruit trees. It also infects wild and ornamental Prunus trees and has a large experimental host range in herbaceous species. PPV spreads over long distances by uncontrolled movement of plant material, and many species of aphid transmit the virus locally in a nonpersistent manner. SOURCES OF RESISTANCE A few natural sources of resistance to PPV have been found so far in Prunus species, which are being used in classical breeding programmes. Different genetic engineering approaches are being used to generate resistance to PPV, and a transgenic plum, 'HoneySweet', transformed with the viral CP gene, has demonstrated high resistance to PPV in field tests in several countries and has obtained regulatory approval in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio García
- Departmento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Ma J, Hart GW. O-GlcNAc profiling: from proteins to proteomes. Clin Proteomics 2014; 11:8. [PMID: 24593906 PMCID: PMC4015695 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-11-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (O-GlcNAcylation) onto serine and threonine residues of proteins is an important post-translational modification (PTM), which is involved in many crucial biological processes including transcription, translation, proteasomal degradation, and signal transduction. Aberrant protein O-GlcNAcylation is directly linked to the pathological progression of chronic diseases including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Identification, site mapping, and quantification of O-GlcNAc proteins are a prerequisite to decipher their functions. In this review, we mainly focus on technological developments regarding O-GlcNAc protein profiling. Specifically, on one hand, we show how these techniques are being used for the comprehensive characterization of certain targeted proteins in which biologists are most interested. On the other hand, we present several newly developed approaches for O-GlcNAcomic profiling as well as how they provide us with a systems perspective to crosstalk amongst different PTMs and complicated biological events. Promising technical trends are also highlighted to evoke more efforts by diverse laboratories, which would further expand our understanding of the physiological and pathological roles of protein O-GlcNAcylation in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerald W Hart
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.
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19
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Desbiez C, Chandeysson C, Lecoq H. A short motif in the N-terminal part of the coat protein is a host-specific determinant of systemic infectivity for two potyviruses. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2014; 15:217-21. [PMID: 24118745 PMCID: PMC6638817 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the biological variability of Watermelon mosaic virus is limited, isolates from the three main molecular groups differ in their ability to infect systemically Chenopodium quinoa. Mutations were introduced in a motif of three or five amino acids located in the N-terminal part of the coat protein, and differing in isolates from group 1 (motif: lysine-glutamic acid-alanine (Lys-Glu-Ala) or KEA, systemic on C. quinoa), group 2 (Lys-Glu-Thr or KET, not systemic on C. quinoa) and group 3 (KEKET, not systemic on C. quinoa). Mutagenesis of KEKET in an isolate from group 3 to KEA or KEKEA was sufficient to make the virus systemic on C. quinoa, whereas mutagenesis to KET had no effect. Introduction of a KEA motif in Zucchini yellow mosaic virus coat protein also resulted in systemic infection on C. quinoa. These mutations had no obvious effect on the disorder profile or potential post-translational modifications of the coat protein as determined in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Desbiez
- UR0407 Pathologie Végétale, INRA, F-84140, Montfavet, France
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de Jesús Pérez J, Udeshi ND, Shabanowitz J, Ciordia S, Juárez S, Scott CL, Olszewski NE, Hunt DF, García JA. O-GlcNAc modification of the coat protein of the potyvirus Plum pox virus enhances viral infection. Virology 2013; 442:122-31. [PMID: 23639873 PMCID: PMC4625898 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic protein modification which has been studied mainly in metazoans. We reported previously that an Arabidopsis thaliana O-GlcNAc transferase modifies at least two threonine residues of the Plum pox virus (PPV) capsid protein (CP). Now, six additional residues were shown to be involved in O-GlcNAc modification of PPV CP. CP O-GlcNAcylation was abolished in the PPV CP7-T/A mutant, in which seven threonines were mutated. PPV CP7-T/A infected Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana benthamiana, and Prunus persica without noticeable defects. However, defects in infection of A. thaliana were readily apparent. In mixed infections of wild-type arabidopsis, the CP7-T/A mutant was outcompeted by wild-type virus. These results indicate that CP O-GlcNAcylation has a major role in the infection process. O-GlcNAc modification may have a role in virion assembly and/or stability as the CP of PPV CP7-T/A was more sensitive to protease digestion than that of the wild-type virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de Jesús Pérez
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Namrata D. Udeshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Jeffrey Shabanowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Proteomics Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Juárez
- Proteomics Facility, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cheryl L. Scott
- Department of Plant Biology, 250 Biological Sciences Center, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Neil E. Olszewski
- Department of Plant Biology, 250 Biological Sciences Center, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Donald F. Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Juan Antonio García
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Kim YC, Jahren N, Stone MD, Udeshi ND, Markowski TW, Witthuhn BA, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Olszewski NE. Identification and origin of N-linked β-D-N-acetylglucosamine monosaccharide modifications on Arabidopsis proteins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 161:455-64. [PMID: 23144189 PMCID: PMC3532274 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.208900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Many plant proteins are modified with N-linked oligosaccharides at asparagine-X-serine/threonine sites during transit through the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi. We have identified a number of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) proteins with modifications consisting of an N-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monosaccharide (N-GlcNAc). Electron transfer dissociation mass spectrometry analysis of peptides bearing this modification mapped the modification to asparagine-X-serine/threonine sites on proteins that are predicted to transit through the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. A mass labeling method was developed and used to study N-GlcNAc modification of two thioglucoside glucohydrolases (myrosinases), TGG1 and TGG2 (for thioglucoside glucohydrolase). These myrosinases are also modified with high-mannose (Man)-type glycans. We found that N-GlcNAc and high-Man-type glycans can occur at the same site. It has been hypothesized that N-GlcNAc modifications are generated when endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) cleaves N-linked glycans. We examined the effects of mutations affecting the two known Arabidopsis ENGases on N-GlcNAc modification of myrosinase and found that modification of TGG2 was greatly reduced in one of the single mutants and absent in the double mutant. Surprisingly, N-GlcNAc modification of TGG1 was not affected in any of the mutants. These data support the hypothesis that ENGases hydrolyze high-Man glycans to produce some of the N-GlcNAc modifications but also suggest that some N-GlcNAc modifications are generated by another mechanism. Since N-GlcNAc modification was detected at only one site on each myrosinase, the production of the N-GlcNAc modification may be regulated.
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22
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Coat proteins, host factors and plant viral replication. Curr Opin Virol 2012; 2:712-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Sheveleva A, Ivanov P, Prihodko Y, James D, Chirkov S. Occurrence and Genetic Diversity of Winona-Like Plum pox virus Isolates in Russia. PLANT DISEASE 2012; 96:1135-1142. [PMID: 30727054 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-11-1045-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In studying the distribution and genetic diversity of Plum pox virus (PPV) in Russia, over a dozen new PPV isolates belonging to the strain Winona (PPV-W) were identified by immunocapture reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction with the PPV-W-specific primers 3174-SP-F3/3174-SP-R1. Isolates were detected in two geographically distant regions of European Russia (Northern Caucasus and Moscow regions) in naturally infected plum (Prunus domestica), blackthorn (P. spinosa), Canadian plum (P. nigra), and downy cherry (P. tomentosa). The new PPV-W isolates were shown to be serologically related but not identical by triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting analysis using the monoclonal antibody (MAb) 5B-IVIA and MAbs specific to the N-terminal epitopes of PPV-W isolate 3174. Analysis of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the (C-ter)NIb-(N-ter)CP genome region indicate great genetic diversity among isolates, with phylogenetic analysis revealing seven clades. Isolates P1 and P3 found in plum in the south of Russia clustered closely with the putative ancestral PPV-W isolate LV-145bt from Latvia, while isolate 1410-7 found in P. nigra in Moscow appears to be closely related to the Canadian isolate W3174. The data obtained indicate wide dissemination of PPV-W isolate in stone fruit in the European part of the former USSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sheveleva
- Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
| | - Peter Ivanov
- Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
| | - Yuri Prihodko
- All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Delano James
- Sidney Laboratory-Centre for Plant Health, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Road, Sidney, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Sergei Chirkov
- Department of Virology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University
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Scholthof KBG, Adkins S, Czosnek H, Palukaitis P, Jacquot E, Hohn T, Hohn B, Saunders K, Candresse T, Ahlquist P, Hemenway C, Foster GD. Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2011; 12:938-54. [PMID: 22017770 PMCID: PMC6640423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 578] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Many scientists, if not all, feel that their particular plant virus should appear in any list of the most important plant viruses. However, to our knowledge, no such list exists. The aim of this review was to survey all plant virologists with an association with Molecular Plant Pathology and ask them to nominate which plant viruses they would place in a 'Top 10' based on scientific/economic importance. The survey generated more than 250 votes from the international community, and allowed the generation of a Top 10 plant virus list for Molecular Plant Pathology. The Top 10 list includes, in rank order, (1) Tobacco mosaic virus, (2) Tomato spotted wilt virus, (3) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, (4) Cucumber mosaic virus, (5) Potato virus Y, (6) Cauliflower mosaic virus, (7) African cassava mosaic virus, (8) Plum pox virus, (9) Brome mosaic virus and (10) Potato virus X, with honourable mentions for viruses just missing out on the Top 10, including Citrus tristeza virus, Barley yellow dwarf virus, Potato leafroll virus and Tomato bushy stunt virus. This review article presents a short review on each virus of the Top 10 list and its importance, with the intent of initiating discussion and debate amongst the plant virology community, as well as laying down a benchmark, as it will be interesting to see in future years how perceptions change and which viruses enter and leave the Top 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen-Beth G Scholthof
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 2132 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2132, USA
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