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Ahmad N, Bukhari SNA, Hussain MA, Ejaz H, Munir MU, Amjad MW. Nanoparticles incorporated hydrogels for delivery of antimicrobial agents: developments and trends. RSC Adv 2024; 14:13535-13564. [PMID: 38665493 PMCID: PMC11043667 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00631c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of microbial infections is an imminent global public health concern due to the poor antimicrobial performance of the existing antimicrobial regime and rapidly emerging antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes. In order to overcome these problems and effectively control bacterial infections, various new treatment modalities have been identified. To attempt this, various micro- and macro-molecular antimicrobial agents that function by microbial membrane disruption have been developed with improved antimicrobial activity and lesser resistance. Antimicrobial nanoparticle-hydrogels systems comprising antimicrobial agents (antibiotics, biological extracts, and antimicrobial peptides) loaded nanoparticles or antimicrobial nanoparticles (metal or metal oxide) constitute an important class of biomaterials for the prevention and treatment of infections. Hydrogels that incorporate nanoparticles can offer an effective strategy for delivering antimicrobial agents (or nanoparticles) in a controlled, sustained, and targeted manner. In this review, we have described an overview of recent advancements in nanoparticle-hydrogel hybrid systems for antimicrobial agent delivery. Firstly, we have provided an overview of the nanoparticle hydrogel system and discussed various advantages of these systems in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Thereafter, different hybrid hydrogel systems encapsulating antibacterial metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, antibiotics, biological extracts, and antimicrobial peptides for controlling infections have been reviewed in detail. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of nanoparticle-hydrogel systems have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka 72388 Aljouf Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka 72388 Aljouf Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ajaz Hussain
- Centre for Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University Sakaka 72388 Aljouf Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman Munir
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queens-land 4072 Australia
| | - Muhammad Wahab Amjad
- 6 Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh 15213 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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2
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Sato T, Haneishi K, Hisada H, Fujii MY, Koide T, Fukami T. Real-Time Quantitative Evaluation of a Drug during Liposome Preparation Using a Probe-Type Raman Spectrometer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7962-7973. [PMID: 38577710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
During the manufacturing process of liposome formulations, it is considered difficult to evaluate their physicochemical properties and biological profiles due to the complexity of their structure and manufacturing process. Conventional quality evaluation is labor-intensive and time-consuming; therefore, there was a need to introduce a method that could perform in-line, real-time evaluation during the manufacturing process. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor in real time the encapsulation of drugs into liposomes and the drug release, which are particularly important quality evaluation items. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares (PLS) analysis was used for quantitative drug evaluation to assess consistency with results from UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV), a common quantification method. The prepared various ciprofloxacin (CPFX) liposomes were placed in cellulose tubes, and a probe-type Raman spectrophotometer was used to monitor drug encapsulation, the removal of unencapsulated drug, and drug release characteristics in real time using a dialysis method. In the Raman spectra of the liposomes prepared by remote loading, the intensities of the CPFX-derived peaks increased upon drug encapsulation and showed a slight decrease upon removal of the unencapsulated drug. Furthermore, the peak intensity decreased more gradually during the drug release. In all Raman monitoring experiments, the discrepancy between quantified values of CPFX concentration in liposomes, as measured by Raman spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares (PLS) analysis, and those obtained through ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry was within 6.7%. The results revealed that the quantitative evaluation of drugs using a combination of Raman spectroscopy and PLS analysis was as accurate as the evaluation using UV spectrophotometry, which was used for comparison. These results indicate the promising potential of Raman spectroscopy as an innovative method for the quality evaluation of liposomal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kazuki Haneishi
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hisada
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Mika Yoshimura Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Koide
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fukami
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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3
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Firdous SO, Sagor MMH, Arafat MT. Advances in Transdermal Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides for Wound Management: Biomaterial-Based Approaches and Future Perspectives. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37976446 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), distinguished by their cationic and amphiphilic nature, represent a critical frontier in the battle against antimicrobial resistance due to their potent antimicrobial activity and a broad spectrum of action. However, the clinical translation of AMPs faces hurdles, including their susceptibility to degradation, limited bioavailability, and the need for targeted delivery. Transdermal delivery has immense potential for optimizing AMP administration for wound management. Leveraging the skin's accessibility and barrier properties, transdermal delivery offers a noninvasive approach that can circumvent systemic side effects and ensure sustained release. Biomaterial-based delivery systems, encompassing nanofibers, hydrogels, nanoparticles, and liposomes, have emerged as key players in enhancing the efficacy of transdermal AMP delivery. These biomaterial carriers not only shield AMPs from enzymatic degradation but also provide controlled release mechanisms, thereby elevating stability and bioavailability. The synergistic interaction between the transdermal approach and biomaterial-facilitated formulations presents a promising strategy to overcome the multifaceted challenges associated with AMP delivery. Integrating advanced technologies and personalized medicine, this convergence allows the reimagining of wound care. This review amalgamates insights to propose a pathway where AMPs, transdermal delivery, and biomaterial innovation harmonize for effective wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Omara Firdous
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehadi Hassan Sagor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - M Tarik Arafat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
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4
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Jin X, Hu X, Jiang S, Zhao T, Zha Y, Wei S, Zhao J, Wang M, Zhang Y. Temporin-GHb-Derived Peptides Exhibit Potent Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities against Staphylococcus aureus In Vitro and Protect Mice from Acute Infectious Pneumonia. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:840-855. [PMID: 36862073 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous development of drug resistance in bacteria to traditional antibiotics, the demand for novel antibacterial agents is urgent. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates because of their unique mechanism of action and low tendency to induce drug resistance. Previously, we cloned temporin-GHb (hereafter referred to simply as "GHb") from Hylarana guentheri. In this study, a series of derived peptides were designed, namely, GHbR, GHbK, GHb3K, GHb11K, and GHbK4R. The five derived peptides had stronger antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus than the parent peptide GHb and could effectively inhibit the formation of biofilms and eradicate mature biofilms in vitro. GHbR, GHbK, GHb3K, and GHbK4R exerted bactericidal effects by disrupting membrane integrity. However, GHb11K exhibited bacteriostatic efficacy with toroidal pore formation on the cell membrane. In comparison to GHbK4R, GHb3K showed much lower cytotoxicity against A549 alveolar epithelial cells, with an IC50 > 200 μM, which was much higher than its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC = 3.1 μM) against S. aureus. The anti-infection potential of GHbK4R and GHb3K was investigated in vivo. Compared with vancomycin, the two peptides displayed significant efficacy in a mouse model of acute pneumonia infected with S. aureus. Both GHbK4R and GHb3K also had no obvious toxicity to normal mice after intraperitoneal administration (15 mg/kg) for 8 days. Our results indicate that GHb3K and GHbK4R might be promising candidates for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia infected with S. aureus.
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5
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Khongkow M, Rimsueb N, Jantimaporn A, Janyaphisan T, Woraprayote W, Visessanguan W, Ruktanonchai UR. Cationic liposome of hen egg white lysozyme for enhanced its stability, activity and accessibility in gastro-intestinal tract. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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6
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van Gent ME, van Baaren T, Kłodzińska SN, Ali M, Dolezal N, van Doodewaerd BR, Bos E, de Waal AM, Koning RI, Drijfhout JW, Nielsen HM, Nibbering PH. Encapsulation of SAAP-148 in Octenyl Succinic Anhydride-Modified Hyaluronic Acid Nanogels for Treatment of Skin Wound Infections. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020429. [PMID: 36839751 PMCID: PMC9967827 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound infections colonized by bacteria are becoming more difficult to treat with current antibiotics due to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as well as biofilm and persister cell formation. Synthetic antibacterial and antibiofilm peptide (SAAP)-148 is an excellent alternative for treatment of such infections but suffers from limitations related to its cationic peptidic nature and thus instability and possible cytotoxicity, resulting in a narrow therapeutic window. Here, we evaluated SAAP-148 encapsulation in nanogels composed of octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-modified hyaluronic acid (HA) to circumvent these limitations. SAAP-148 was efficiently (>98%) encapsulated with high drug loading (23%), resulting in monodispersed anionic OSA-HA nanogels with sizes ranging 204-253 nm. Nanogel lyophilization in presence of polyvinyl alcohol maintained their sizes and morphology. SAAP-148 was sustainedly released from lyophilized nanogels (37-41% in 72 h) upon reconstitution. Lyophilized SAAP-148-loaded nanogels showed similar antimicrobial activity as SAAP-148 against planktonic and biofilm-residing AMR Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. Importantly, formulated SAAP-148 showed reduced cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes, primary human skin fibroblasts and human keratinocytes. Additionally, lyophilized SAAP-148-loaded nanogels eradicated AMR S. aureus and A. baumannii colonizing a 3D human epidermal model, without inducing any cytotoxicity in contrast to SAAP-148. These findings indicate that OSA-HA nanogels increase SAAP-148's therapeutic potential for treatment of skin wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E. van Gent
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Tom van Baaren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia N. Kłodzińska
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery (BioDelivery), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Muhanad Ali
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Dolezal
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bjorn R. van Doodewaerd
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Bos
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amy M. de Waal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roman I. Koning
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Wouter Drijfhout
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery (BioDelivery), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Strategies for Improving Peptide Stability and Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101283. [PMID: 36297395 PMCID: PMC9610364 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides play an important role in many fields, including immunology, medical diagnostics, and drug discovery, due to their high specificity and positive safety profile. However, for their delivery as active pharmaceutical ingredients, delivery vectors, or diagnostic imaging molecules, they suffer from two serious shortcomings: their poor metabolic stability and short half-life. Major research efforts are being invested to tackle those drawbacks, where structural modifications and novel delivery tactics have been developed to boost their ability to reach their targets as fully functional species. The benefit of selected technologies for enhancing the resistance of peptides against enzymatic degradation pathways and maximizing their therapeutic impact are also reviewed. Special note of cell-penetrating peptides as delivery vectors, as well as stapled modified peptides, which have demonstrated superior stability from their parent peptides, are reported.
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8
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Antimicrobial Activity Enhancers: Towards Smart Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030412. [PMID: 35326875 PMCID: PMC8944422 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of effective treatments against infectious diseases is an extensive and ongoing process due to the rapid adaptation of bacteria to antibiotic-based therapies. However, appropriately designed activity enhancers, including antibiotic delivery systems, can increase the effectiveness of current antibiotics, overcoming antimicrobial resistance and decreasing the chance of contributing to further bacterial resistance. The activity/delivery enhancers improve drug absorption, allow targeted antibiotic delivery, improve their tissue and biofilm penetration and reduce side effects. This review provides insights into various antibiotic activity enhancers, including polymer, lipid, and silver-based systems, designed to reduce the adverse effects of antibiotics and improve formulation stability and efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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9
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Rai A, Ferrão R, Palma P, Patricio T, Parreira P, Anes E, Tonda-Turo C, Martins C, Alves N, Ferreira L. Antimicrobial peptide-based materials: opportunities and challenges. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2384-2429. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02617h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional properties of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) make them attractive candidates for the treatment of various diseases. AMPs are considered alternatives to antibiotics due to the rising number of multidrug-resistant...
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10
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Current Advances in Lipid and Polymeric Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery Systems and Coatings for the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Infections. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111840. [PMID: 34834254 PMCID: PMC8618997 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections constitute a threat to public health as antibiotics are becoming less effective due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains and biofilm and persister formation. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered excellent alternatives to antibiotics; however, they suffer from limitations related to their peptidic nature and possible toxicity. The present review critically evaluates the chemical characteristics and antibacterial effects of lipid and polymeric AMP delivery systems and coatings that offer the promise of enhancing the efficacy of AMPs, reducing their limitations and prolonging their half-life. Unfortunately, the antibacterial activities of these systems and coatings have mainly been evaluated in vitro against planktonic bacteria in less biologically relevant conditions, with only some studies focusing on the antibiofilm activities of the formulated AMPs and on the antibacterial effects in animal models. Further improvements of lipid and polymeric AMP delivery systems and coatings may involve the functionalization of these systems to better target the infections and an analysis of the antibacterial activities in biologically relevant environments. Based on the available data we proposed which polymeric AMP delivery system or coatings could be profitable for the treatment of the different hard-to-treat infections, such as bloodstream infections and catheter- or implant-related infections.
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11
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Singh S, Numan A, Somaily HH, Gorain B, Ranjan S, Rilla K, Siddique HR, Kesharwani P. Nano-enabled strategies to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112384. [PMID: 34579903 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a threat to global health because of limited treatments. MRSA infections are difficult to treat due to increasingly developing resistance in combination with protective biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Nanotechnology-based research revealed that effective MRSA treatments could be achieved through targeted nanoparticles (NPs) that withstand biological films and drug resistance. Thus, the principal aim towards improving MRSA treatment is to advance drug delivery tools, which successfully address the delivery-related problems. These potential delivery tools would also carry drugs to the desired sites of therapeutic action to overcome the adverse effects. This review focused on different types of nano-engineered carriers system for antimicrobial agents with improved therapeutic efficacy of entrapped drugs. The structural characteristics that play an essential role in the effectiveness of delivery systems have also been addressed with a description of recent scientific advances in antimicrobial treatment, emphasizing challenges in MRSA treatments. Consequently, existing gaps in the literature are highlighted, and reported contradictions are identified, allowing for the development of roadmaps for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- IES Institute of Pharmacy, IES University, Kalkheda, Ratibad Main Road, Bhopal 462044, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arshid Numan
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hamoud H Somaily
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P. O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sanjeev Ranjan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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12
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Fasiku V, Omolo CA, Devnarain N, Ibrahim UH, Rambharose S, Faya M, Mocktar C, Singh SD, Govender T. Chitosan-Based Hydrogel for the Dual Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents Against Bacterial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm-Infected Wounds. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21994-22010. [PMID: 34497894 PMCID: PMC8412894 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wound infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria have become a global health concern. This is attributed to the biofilm-forming ability of bacteria on wound surfaces, thus enabling their persistent growth. In most cases, it leads to morbidity and in severe cases mortality. Current conventional approaches used in the treatment of biofilm wounds are proving to be ineffective due to limitations such as the inability to penetrate the biofilm matrix; hence, biofilm-related wounds remain a challenge. Therefore, there is a need for more efficient alternate therapeutic interventions. Hydrogen peroxide (HP) is a known antibacterial/antibiofilm agent; however, prolonged delivery has been challenging due to its short half-life. In this study, we developed a hydrogel for the codelivery of HP and antimicrobial peptides (Ps) against bacteria, biofilms, and wound infection associated with biofilms. The hydrogel was prepared via the Michael addition technique, and the physiochemical properties were characterized. The safety, in vitro, and in vivo antibacterial/antibiofilm activity of the hydrogel was also investigated. Results showed that the hydrogel is biosafe. A greater antibacterial effect was observed with HP-loaded hydrogels (CS-HP; hydrogel loaded with HP and CS-HP-P; hydrogel loaded with HP and peptide) when compared to HP as seen in an approximately twofold and threefold decrease in minimum inhibitory concentration values against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria, respectively. Similarly, both the HP-releasing hydrogels showed enhanced antibiofilm activity in the in vivo study in mice models as seen in greater wound closure and enhanced wound healing in histomorphological analysis. Interestingly, the results revealed a synergistic antibacterial/antibiofilm effect between HP and P in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The successfully prepared HP-releasing hydrogels showed the potential to combat bacterial biofilm-related infections and enhance wound healing in mice models. These results suggest that the HP-releasing hydrogels may be a superior platform for eliminating bacterial biofilms without using antibiotics in the treatment of chronic MRSA wound infections, thus improving the quality of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria
O. Fasiku
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
| | - Calvin A. Omolo
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
- School
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, United States International University-Africa, P.O. Box 14634, Nairobi 00800, Kenya
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
| | - Usri H. Ibrahim
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
| | - Sanjeev Rambharose
- Department
of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Mbuso Faya
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
| | - Sanil D. Singh
- Biomedical
Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South
Africa
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13
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Recent Advances and Challenges in Nanodelivery Systems for Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs). Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10080990. [PMID: 34439040 PMCID: PMC8388958 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be used as alternative therapeutic agents to traditional antibiotics. These peptides have abundant natural template sources and can be isolated from animals, plants, and microorganisms. They are amphiphilic and mostly net positively charged, and they have a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on bacteria, fungi, and viruses. AMPs possess significant rapid killing effects and do not interact with specific receptors on bacterial surfaces. As a result, drug resistance is rarely observed with treatments. AMPs, however, have some operational problems, such as a susceptibility to enzymatic (protease) degradation, toxicity in vivo, and unclear pharmacokinetics. However, nanodelivery systems loaded with AMPs provide a safe mechanism of packaging such peptides before they exert their antimicrobial actions, facilitate targeted delivery to the sites of infection, and control the release rate of peptides and reduce their toxic side effects. However, nanodelivery systems using AMPs are at an early stage of development and are still in the laboratory phase of development. There are also some challenges in incorporating AMPs into nanodelivery systems. Herein, an insight into the nanotechnology challenges in delivering AMPs, current advances, and remaining technological challenges are discussed in depth.
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14
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Zhao X, Wang L, Zhu C, Xia X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Xu Y, Chen S, Jiang J, Liu S, Wu Y, Wu X, Zhang G, Bai Y, Fotina H, Hu J. The Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Protects Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection, Inhibits Inflammation, and Enhances the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:644887. [PMID: 34177825 PMCID: PMC8222680 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.644887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli can cause intestinal diseases in humans and livestock, destroy the intestinal barrier, exacerbate systemic inflammation, and seriously threaten human health and animal husbandry development. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the antimicrobial peptide mastoparan X (MPX) was effective against E. coli infection. BALB/c mice infected with E. coli by intraperitoneal injection, which represents a sepsis model. In this study, MPX exhibited no toxicity in IPEC-J2 cells and notably suppressed the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released by E. coli. In addition, MPX improved the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin and enhanced the wound healing of IPEC-J2 cells. The therapeutic effect of MPX was evaluated in a murine model, revealing that it protected mice from lethal E. coli infection. Furthermore, MPX increased the length of villi and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the jejunum. SEM and TEM analyses showed that MPX effectively ameliorated the jejunum damage caused by E. coli and increased the number and length of microvilli. In addition, MPX decreased the expression of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, p-p38, and p-p65 in the jejunum and colon. Moreover, MPX increased the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and MUC2 in the jejunum and colon, improved the function of the intestinal barrier, and promoted the absorption of nutrients. This study suggests that MPX is an effective therapeutic agent for E. coli infection and other intestinal diseases, laying the foundation for the development of new drugs for bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shouping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanzhao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shijun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jinqing Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shanqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yundi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xilong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yueyu Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hanna Fotina
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Jianhe Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
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15
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Carmona-Ribeiro AM, Araújo PM. Antimicrobial Polymer-Based Assemblies: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5424. [PMID: 34063877 PMCID: PMC8196616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An antimicrobial supramolecular assembly (ASA) is conspicuous in biomedical applications. Among the alternatives to overcome microbial resistance to antibiotics and drugs, ASAs, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and polymers (APs), provide formulations with optimal antimicrobial activity and acceptable toxicity. AMPs and APs have been delivered by a variety of carriers such as nanoparticles, coatings, multilayers, hydrogels, liposomes, nanodisks, lyotropic lipid phases, nanostructured lipid carriers, etc. They have similar mechanisms of action involving adsorption to the cell wall, penetration across the cell membrane, and microbe lysis. APs, however, offer the advantage of cheap synthetic procedures, chemical stability, and improved adsorption (due to multipoint attachment to microbes), as compared to the expensive synthetic routes, poor yield, and subpar in vivo stability seen in AMPs. We review recent advances in polymer-based antimicrobial assemblies involving AMPs and APs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro
- Biocolloids Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
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16
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Dos Santos Ramos MA, de Toledo LG, Spósito L, Marena GD, de Lima LC, Fortunato GC, Araújo VHS, Bauab TM, Chorilli M. Nanotechnology-based lipid systems applied to resistant bacterial control: A review of their use in the past two decades. Int J Pharm 2021; 603:120706. [PMID: 33991597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rate of infections caused by resistant bacteria to the antimicrobials available for human use grows exponentially every year, which generates major impacts on human health and the world economy. In the last two decades, human beings can witness the expressive increase in the Science and Technology worldwide, and areas such as Health Sciences have benefited from these advances in favor of human health, such as the advent of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology as an important approach applied for bacterial infections treatment with resistance profile to available antibiotics. This review of the scientific literature brings the applicability of nanotechnology-based lipid systems as an innovative tool in the improvement of bacterial infections treatment. Important studies involving the use of liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, microemulsions and lipid nanocapsules were verified in the period from 2000 to 2020, where important scientific results were found and will serve as a basis for the use of these systems to remain in constant updating. This manuscript shows the use of these drug delivery systems as potential vehicles for antibacterial compounds, which opens a new hope in the complement of the antibacterial therapeutic arsenal. Important studies developed in the last 20 years are present in this review, and thus guarantees an update on the use of these drug delivery systems for researchers from different areas of Health Sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Aparecido Dos Santos Ramos
- Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Luciani Gaspar de Toledo
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Larissa Spósito
- Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Davi Marena
- Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Laura Caminitti de Lima
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Capaldi Fortunato
- Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Sousa Araújo
- Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drug and Medicines, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, 14.800-903 São Paulo State, Brazil.
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17
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Thapa RK, Diep DB, Tønnesen HH. Nanomedicine-based antimicrobial peptide delivery for bacterial infections: recent advances and future prospects. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained wide interest as viable alternatives to antibiotics owing to their potent antimicrobial effects and the low propensity of resistance development. However, their physicochemical properties (solubility, charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity), stability issues (proteolytic or enzymatic degradation, aggregation, chemical degradation), and toxicities (interactions with blood components or cellular toxicities) limit their therapeutic applications.
Area covered
Nanomedicine-based therapeutic delivery is an emerging concept. The AMP loaded nanoparticles have been prepared and investigated for their antimicrobial effects. In this review, we will discuss different nanomedicine-based AMP delivery systems including metallic nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and their hybrid systems along with their future prospects for potent antimicrobial efficacy.
Expert opinion
Nanomedicine-based AMP delivery is a recent approach to the treatment of bacterial infections. The advantageous properties of nanoparticles including the enhancement of AMP stability, controlled release, and targetability make them suitable for the augmentation of AMP activity. Modifications in the nanomedicine-based approach are required to overcome the problems of nanoparticle instability, shorter residence time, and toxicity. Future rigorous studies for both the AMP loaded nanoparticle preparation and characterization, and detailed evaluations of their in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects and toxicities, are essential.
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