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Hao L, Yan Y, Huang G, Li H. From gut to bone: deciphering the impact of gut microbiota on osteoporosis pathogenesis and management. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1416739. [PMID: 39386168 PMCID: PMC11461468 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1416739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk, poses a significant global health burden. Recent research has shed light on the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and bone health, presenting a novel avenue for understanding OP pathogenesis and developing targeted therapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the GM-bone axis, exploring the impact of GM on OP development and management. We elucidate established risk factors and pathogenesis of OP, delve into the diversity and functional changes of GM in OP. Furthermore, we examine experimental evidence and clinical observations linking alterations in GM composition or function with variations in BMD and fracture risk. Mechanistic insights into microbial mediators of bone health, such as microbial metabolites and products, are discussed. Therapeutic implications, including GM-targeted interventions and dietary strategies, are also explored. Finally, we identify future research directions and challenges in translating these findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Hao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuzhu Yan
- Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guilin Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Li J, Liu C, Xu Y, Ling C, Tang Z, Kiram A, Hu Z, Zhu Z, Qiu Y, Liu Z. Gut Microbiota Alterations in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Are Associated with Aberrant Bone Homeostasis. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:965-975. [PMID: 38389213 PMCID: PMC10984819 DOI: 10.1111/os.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low bone mineral density is the major prognostic factor for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota (GM) have the potential to affect bone development, and the GM signatures are altered in AIS patients. However, the effect of GM alterations on aberrant bone homeostasis in AIS remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the GM profile in AIS patients with different bone mineral density (BMD) and explore the association between GM, osteopenia, and aberrant bone turnover. METHODS A total of 126 patients with AIS who received surgical treatment were retrospectively included in this study. We analyzed the composition of the GM by 16S rRNA sequencing and BMD by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Based on the BMD of the femur neck, the patients were divided into the osteopenia group (OPN) if the Z score < -1, and the normal (NOR) group if the Z score ≥ -1 SD compared to the healthy control. For the 16S rRNA sequencing, the raw reads were filtered to remove low-quality reads, and operational taxonomic units were identified with the Uparse program. Weighted UniFrac distance matrix for the beta-diversity metrics and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) was performed, and the statistical comparisons were made with permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and analysis of similarity (ANONISM). Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to identify the enriched species in two groups. The "Random forest" was applied to determine the optimal biomarker for OPN according to the mean decrease in Gini value. The metabolic function was predicted by the Tax4Fun analysis. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the associations between GM species, bone turnover markers, and BMD. RESULTS The serum β-CTX was increased in the OPN group (n = 67) compared to the NOR group (n = 59). Patients in OPN groups showed significantly decreased α diversity indicated by the Shannon index. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) analysis showed significant clustering of GM between OPN and NOR groups. At genus level, the Escherichia-Shigella and Faecalibacterium were significantly enriched in the OPN group compared to that in the NOR group (p < 0.05), whereas the abundance of Prevotella was significantly decreased (p = 0.0012). The relative abundance of Megamonas and Prevotella was positively correlated with the femur BMD. The abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was negatively correlated with femur BMD and positively correlated with serum β-CTX levels. Functional analysis revealed significant differences in starch and sucrose metabolism, pyruvate and cysteine, and methionine metabolism between NOR and OPN groups. CONCLUSION The alterations of GM in AIS patients are correlated with osteopenia. The association between enriched species, BMD, and bone turnover markers provides novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for the clinical management of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Changwei Liu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Chen Ling
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ziyang Tang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Abdukahar Kiram
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Zongshan Hu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Zezhang Zhu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong Qiu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen Liu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Zhang W, Jia Q, Han M, Zhang X, Guo L, Sun S, Yin W, Bo C, Han R, Sai L. Bifidobacteria in disease: from head to toe. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:1-15. [PMID: 37644256 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria as a strictly anaerobic gram-positive bacteria, is widely distributed in the intestine, vagina and oral cavity, and is one of the first gut flora to colonize the early stages of life. Intestinal flora is closely related to health, and dysbiosis of intestinal flora, especially Bifidobacteria, has been found in a variety of diseases. Numerous studies have shown that in addition to maintaining intestinal homeostasis, Bifidobacteria may be involved in diseases covering all parts of the body, including the nervous system, respiratory system, genitourinary system and so on. This review collects evidence for the variation of Bifidobacteria in typical diseases among various systems, provides mild and effective therapeutic options for those diseases that are difficult to cure, and moves Bifidobacteria from basic research to further clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Zhang
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingming Han
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Guo
- Rongcheng Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rongcheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shichao Sun
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctoral candidate Class of 2022, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhui Yin
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cunxiang Bo
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ru Han
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Linlin Sai
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Lakshmanan AP, Deola S, Terranegra A. The Promise of Precision Nutrition for Modulation of the Gut Microbiota as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Acute Graft-versus-host Disease. Transplantation 2023; 107:2497-2509. [PMID: 37189240 PMCID: PMC10664798 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a severe side effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) that has complex phenotypes and often unpredictable outcomes. The current management is not always able to prevent aGVHD. A neglected actor in the management of aGVHD is the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota dysbiosis after aHSCT is caused by many factors and may contribute to the development of aGVHD. Diet and nutritional status modify the gut microbiota and a wide range of products are now available to manipulate the gut microbiota (pro-, pre-, and postbiotics). New investigations are testing the effect of probiotics and nutritional supplements in both animal models and human studies, with encouraging results. In this review, we summarize the most recent literature about the probiotics and nutritional factors able to modulate the gut microbiota and we discuss the future perspective in developing new integrative therapeutic approaches to reducing the risk of graft-versus-host disease in patients undergoing aHSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Deola
- Advanced Cell Therapy Core, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Qatar
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Wang J, Jia Z, Pan W, Hu J. Crotonis Fructus-induced gut microbiota and serum metabolic disorders in rats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6949-6962. [PMID: 37713114 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12763-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Crotonis Fructus (CF), a poisonous traditional laxative, has been used to treat constipation, edema, ascites, and inflammation for more than 2000 years. However, CF possesses toxicity and its toxic mechanism is still unclear. Thus, this research explored the deleterious impacts and underlying mechanisms of CF by evaluating alterations in gut microbiota composition and metabolites. High-throughput sequencing was employed on the 16S rDNA gene to explore the intestinal flora. The untargeted metabolomics method was utilized for evaluating serum metabolomics analysis. The results showed that CF could induce obvious hepatic and gastrointestinal damage by histopathologic morphology of the liver, stomach, duodenum, and colon. According to 16S rDNA sequencing, CF can cause gut microbiota disturbance in rats, and the abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridia_UCG_014_unclassified increased significantly, while the levels of beneficial bacterial Lactobacillus remarkably declined after CF treatment. Additionally, metabolomics analysis demonstrated that CF may induce toxicity by disrupting the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway and metabolites such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Moreover, a correlation study revealed the link between intestinal flora, serum metabolites, and toxicity-related biochemical markers. The results provide a new idea for the research and clinical application of toxic traditional medicine. KEY POINTS: • Crotonis Fructus could affect the gut flora and serum metabolic disruption in SD rats. • Crotonis Fructus could promote the proliferation of harmful bacteria and inhibit beneficial bacteria. • Glycerophospholipid metabolism was disturbed by Crotonis Fructus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zefei Jia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen Pan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditonal Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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