1
|
Molina MAV, Silva GO, Candemil AP, Camargo RVD, Pauwels R, Jacobs R, Sousa-Neto MD, Mazzi-Chaves JF. Evaluation of 2- and 3-dimensional anatomic parameters of C-shaped root canals with cone beam computed tomography, microcomputed tomography, and nanocomputed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:759-768. [PMID: 37580223 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate 2-dimensional (2D) and 3D morphometric parameters of C-shaped root canals on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and microcomputed tomography (microCT) images using nanocomputed tomography (nanoCT) as the reference standard. STUDY DESIGN Sixty mandibular molars with C-shaped canals were individually scanned using nanoCT and microCT. Cone beam computed tomography acquisitions were then performed with 4 CBCT systems, using high and standard resolutions. The 2D parameters of roundness and major and minor diameters were obtained in the cross sections of the root canals at 1, 2, and 3 mm from the root apex. The 3D parameters of surface area, volume, and structure model index were measured considering the entire extension of the root canals. Absolute error (AE) in measurement was calculated against the nanoCT values. Data were statistically analyzed with the Shapiro-Wilk test and analysis of variance (α = 0.05). RESULTS No significant differences in AE were discovered for the 2D parameters among microCT and the CBCT scans. The AE values for the 3D parameters of volume and surface area were significantly smaller in microCT compared to all CBCT units (P < .05). Significantly lower AE values for surface area were observed in high resolution compared to standard resolution for all CBCT units (P < .05). Structure model index did not differ significantly among microCT and all CBCT protocols. CONCLUSIONS Cone beam computed tomography images showed accuracy for evaluating 2D parameters and over- and underestimation for 3D parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Ventura Molina
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovane Oliveira Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pelegrin Candemil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Verardino de Camargo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruben Pauwels
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karkhaneh M, Karkehabadi H, Alafchi B, Shokri A. Association of root morphology of mandibular second molars on panoramic-like and axial views of cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:856. [PMID: 37957637 PMCID: PMC10641985 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about the anatomy and morphology of the root canal system is essential for successful surgical and non-surgical root canal treatments. However, precise assessment of the root morphology and anatomy is not often possible on two-dimensional radiographs. This study aimed to investigate the association of root morphology of mandibular second molars on panoramic-like and axial views of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated 1,231 CBCT scans of mandibular second molars obtained between October 2018 and February 2022 that were retrieved from the archives of a private radiology clinic. Panoramic-like images were reconstructed from the CBCT scans. The root morphology of mandibular second molars was classified on panoramic-like images as type 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. The root pattern on axial CBCT images was classified into three types of single, double and C-shaped. The association of root morphology on panoramic-like and axial CBCT views was analyzed by the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS Of all, 62.7% of mandibular second molars were type 1; out of which, 97.3% had a double-root pattern on axial CBCT images. Also, 28.6% of them were type 2; of which, 92.6% had a double-root pattern. Moreover, 3.9% were type 3; of which, 47.9% had a C-shaped pattern; 0.9% were type 4, and 45.5% of them showed a single-root pattern; 3.8% were type 5 with 76.6% of them showing a single-root pattern. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was higher in females, and most C-shaped canals had a C3 pattern. CONCLUSION Root morphology on panoramic-like CBCT views had a strong association with the root canal pattern on axial CBCT views. According to the results, mandibular second molars with a type 3 morphology on panoramic-like CBCT images are highly probable to have a C-shaped canal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Karkhaneh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Behnaz Alafchi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Shokri
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saber SM, Seoud MAE, Sadat SMAE, Nawar NN. Root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in an Egyptian subpopulation: a cone-beam computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:217. [PMID: 37061674 PMCID: PMC10105946 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was using Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to examine the anatomical variations in mandibular second molars in an Egyptian sub-population. METHODS A total of 350 CBCT images (215 females and 135 males, aged 15-65 years) of mandibular second molars were evaluated. Samples were evaluated in terms of: number of roots, number of root canals, roots' cross section as well as prevalence and configurations of C-shaped canals. Statistical analysis was done to highlight differences between different categories and their prevalence among genders (significance level was set at p < 0.05). Data were presented as frequency and percentage values and were analyzed using chi square test followed by pairwise comparisons utilizing multiple Fisher's exact tests with Bonferroni correction. The significance level was set at p < 0.05 within all tests. RESULTS Of the 350 mandibular second molars evaluated, 87.2% were non-C-shaped while 12.8% were C-shaped with no gender-based statistically significant differences (χ2 = 0.19, p = 0.656). Most samples had three root canals (80%) followed by two (16%), then one (3.2%), and finally four (0.8%) root canals. Among the non-C-shaped molars, presence of two roots was most common (83.4%) followed by presence of a single root (16.2%), and only one sample (0.2%) had three roots, and this had no correlation with gender (χ2 = 1.86, p = 0.431). In the mesial roots Type IV Vertucci was the most common configuration found (68.8%), while Type I was the most prevalent in the distal roots (91.8%). The long oval configuration was the most commonly found cross section in mesial roots while "oval" was the most prevalent in distal roots. CONCLUSION Egyptian sub-population shows highly variable morphological features in mandibular second molars, hence, CBCT is highly recommended on case-to-case conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
- Center for Innovative Dental Sciences (CIDS), Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abou El Seoud
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Nawar Naguib Nawar
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen C, Zhu T, Wu H, Zhao X, Leng D, Wang J, Yang L, Wu D. Prevalence and correlation of C-shaped root canals of mandibular premolars and molars in Eastern Chinese individuals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19779. [PMID: 36396689 PMCID: PMC9671964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, correlation, and differences of C-shaped root canals (CSRCs) morphology in permanent mandibular premolars and molars in Eastern Chinese individuals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 8000 mandibular first premolars (MFPs), mandibular second premolars (MSPs), mandibular first molars (MFMs), and mandibular second molars (MSMs) CBCT images from 1000 patients (692 females and 308 males) were collected. The prevalence, correlation, bilateral/unilateral presence, the morphology of CSRCs, level of canal bifurcation, gender differences, and location of radicular grooves (RGs) were evaluated. The prevalence of CSRCs in MFPs, MSPs, MFMs and MSMs were 10.25%, 0.25%, 0.55% and 47.05%, respectively. The prevalence of CSRCs in MFPs of males was higher than that in females, while the prevalence of CSRCs in MSMs of females was higher than that in males (P < 0.05). The bilateral symmetry presence of CSRCs in MSMs was significant but not in MFPs, MSPs, and MFMs. RGs were predominantly found on the mesiolingual (ML) surface of premolars and the lingual surface of molars. There was a high prevalence of CSRCs in MFPs and MSMs in the Eastern Chinese population, but there was no correlation. The prevalence of CSRCs in MFPs and MSMs differ significantly by gender (P < 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huili Wu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Diya Leng
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianfeng Yang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Daming Wu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Present Address: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 1 Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China ,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen K, Ran X, Wang Y. Endodontic treatment of the maxillary first molar with palatal canal variations: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:12036-12044. [PMID: 36405283 PMCID: PMC9669834 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i32.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root canal variations frequently occur in maxillary first molars, which greatly affects the success of its treatment. The second mesiobuccal (MB) root canal is the most common root canal variation. However, only a few studies have been conducted on palatal root canal variations. Herein, we report the presence of two separate root canals in a palatal root of the maxillary first molar.
CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old woman complained of pain in the maxillary right region for 1 year, which recently worsened. Clinical examination revealed a poorly restored right maxillary first molar and caries detected at the filling marginal. Cold and heat test results indicated severe pain in the right maxillary first molar. The patient was diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis, and subsequently, root canal treatment (RCT) was performed. In total, five root canals were found in the maxillary first molar, including two separate root canals in the palatal root. RCT was successfully performed using an endodontic microscope and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The CBCT image revealed a vertucci type I canal morphology in the distobuccal root, while the MB and palatal root canals were type Ⅳ. At the 1-mo follow-up, the maxillary first molar was completely asymptomatic, and the X-ray results indicated a successful RCT. Finally, the ceramic crown restoration was performed.
CONCLUSION An endodontic microscope and CBCT are useful in effectively identifying and treating root canal variations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xing Ran
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiading District Center for Dental Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Eye and Dental Diseases Prevention & Treatment of Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201399, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A CBCT based cross sectional study on the prevalence and anatomical feature of C shaped molar among Jordanian. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17137. [PMID: 36229628 PMCID: PMC9561530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and anatomical features of C-Shaped Mandibular Second Molars (MSMs) are rarely studied in Jordanian sub-population. This study then took a part to evaluate the prevalence of C-shaped in MSMs using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the Jordanian sub-population. It used a cross-sectional design and three thousand scans collected over eight years between 2011 and 2019. The data were then reviewed for whether they were fully formed of MSMs. A total of 2037 cases that had 2845 MSMs were evaluated to identify C-shaped canals at coronal, middle, and apical sites. An oblique slicing module perpendicular to the long axis of MSMs was used to evaluate the teeth. The type and frequency of C-shaped canals, as well as the correlations between sex and side (right/left) and between sex and groove direction (buccal/lingual) were measured using the chi-square test on SPSS software at the significance level of 95%. A total of 342 teeth of 243 patients were C-shaped molars, which comprised 12% of the patient's teeth and 99 of them as a bilateral C-shaped canal with mean age of 40 years and sex ratio of 2:1 between female and male. With the limitations of this study, the lingual groove and type 3 were the most common properties of MSM. Besides, the Jordanian population mostly had C-shaped canals.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang L, Han J, Wang Q, Wang Z, Yu X, Du Y. Variations of root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in Chinese individuals: a cone-beam computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:274. [PMID: 35790917 PMCID: PMC9258086 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mandibular second molars demonstrate variations on root and canal morphology. The aim of this study was to investigate all the root canal morphology of mandibular second molars and analyze the morphological variations in patients by gender and age in a Chinese population use CBCT imaging. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomographic images of 1200 bilateral mandibular second molars were obtained from 600 patients (300 females and 300 males) who required a preoperative assessment for implant surgery, surgical removal of impacted teeth, orthodontic treatment, surgery of maxillofacial tumour and cysts or LeFort I osteotomy. CBCT images were divided into 5 groups according to age: "15-24 years", "25-34 years", "35-44 years", "45-54 years" and "≥ 55 years"; and 2 groups by gender: "females" and "males". The following information were recorded: the number of roots and canals and their morphology, the frequency and configuration of C-shaped canals by gender, age and position (left and right). The chi-square test was used to analyse differences between groups. P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of the 1200 teeth, 61% had two separate roots located mesiodistally, 35.6% had one C-shaped root. The 45.3% teeth had three canals in two-rooted mandibular second molars. The mesial root showed a Vertucci type II configuration in 28.9% cases followed by type IV(24.4%). While the distal root showed a significant higher prevalence of type I configuration in 95.6%. In the examined 1200 teeth, 430 teeth (35.8%) had C-shaped root canals. The prevalence of C-shaped root canal systems was significantly higher in females (42.5%) than in males (29.1%) (P = 0.000), and did not differ with age (P = 0.126). The 80.4% C-shaped canals were bilateral (P = 0.000) and did not differ with side (left and right) (P = 0.758). CONCLUSIONS The most commonly observed root morphology for the mandibular second molars was 2 separate roots with three canals.The prevalence of C-shaped root canal is 35.8% and is more higher in females than in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Central Laboratory of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingchao Han
- Department of Radiology, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qibao Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Central Laboratory of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Central Laboratory of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xijiao Yu
- Department of Endodontics, Central Laboratory of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Endodontics, Central Laboratory of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Nazhan S, Alenezi A, Al-Maflehi N, Aldosimani M. Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of C-shaped root canal system in mandibular second molars in kuwaiti sub-population. SAUDI ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/sej.sej_11_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
9
|
Evaluation of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars of a selected patient group using cone beam computed tomography: prevalence, configuration and radicular groove types. Odontology 2021; 109:949-955. [PMID: 34081247 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence, symmetry and configurations of C-shaped canals and radicular groove types in mandibular second molars according to age and sex in a Turkish sub-population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). In total, 674 CBCT images (368 females and 306 males, aged 18-76 years) of 1348 mandibular second molars were evaluated. The symmetry, configuration of C-shaped root canals, radicular groove types with age and sex were noted. One sample chi-square test and chi-square test were used to determine statistically significant differences. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. Of the 1348 mandibular second molars evaluated, 10.7% had C-shaped root canals. C-shaped root canals appeared to be significantly more common in females than in males (p < 0.05). C1 (44.4%) was the most frequent configuration in the coronal third, and C2 (44.4%), and C4 (31.9%) were the most frequent configurations in middle and apical thirds, respectively. Type 2 (45.1%) was the most common radicular groove type (p < 0.05). The frequency of C-shaped root canals in mandibular second molars in a Turkish sub-population was considerably high (10.7%). CBCT can aid the detection of C-shaped canals and their configurations. Dentists should consider the possibility of C-shaped canals in root canal treatment of mandibular second molars, as these configurations have implications for biomechanical preparation and filling methods.
Collapse
|