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Boveda C, Kishen A, Millan B, Camejo MV, Gomez-Sosa JF. Pericervical Dentin Metrics in Mandibular First Molars Determined with Digital Periapical Radiography and Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Endod 2024; 50:637-643. [PMID: 38360092 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pericervical root dentin is decisive for the long-term mechanical integrity of root-filled teeth. Current treatment protocol does not include a customized step to determine the pretreatment residual pericervical root dentin. OBJECTIVE To determine and compare the residual root dentin and canal width using digital periapical radiography (DPR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) at the apical limit of the pericervical area (PCA) in mandibular first molars. METHODS DPR and CBCT images of 60 patients with age between 22 and 76 years were used to determine (a) the mesiodistal widths of the root canal (pericervical dimensions [PCL]-C) and the root (PCL-R) of mandibular first molars at the apical limit of the PCA and (b) the intracanal distance from the apical limit of the PCA to the radiographic apex (intracanal distance [ICD]). The correlation between the PCL and ICD measurements obtained from DPR and CBCT were evaluated. RESULTS Values between 0.10-0.80 mm and 0.00-1.10 mm were obtained for PCL-C using DPR and CBCT respectively (95% CI). The PCL values between 0.90-2.30 mm and 0.00-2.30 mm were obtained from DPR and CBCT respectively (95% CI). The ICD ranged between 4.6-12.3 mm in DPR and 4.40-12.0 mm in CBCT (95% CI). The comparative analysis showed differences from -0.9 to 0.5 mms for PCL and -2.00 to 1.5 mms for ICD between DPR and CBCT techniques respectively. CONCLUSION The PCL and ICD determined from DPR and CBCT provided the pericervical dentin metrics that could be utilized clinically as a guideline for decision-making in endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Boveda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
| | - Anil Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Health System, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beatriz Millan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María V Camejo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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Rao LN, Shetty A, Dsouza N, Shetty H. Assessment of sealing efficacy, radiopacity, and surface topography of a bioinspired polymer for perforation repair. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17237. [PMID: 38699192 PMCID: PMC11064857 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Root perforation repair presents a significant challenge in dentistry due to inherent limitations of existing materials. This study explored the potential of a novel polydopamine-based composite as a root repair material by evaluating its sealing efficacy, radiopacity, and surface topography. Methods Confocal microscopy assessed sealing ability, comparing the polydopamine-based composite to the gold standard, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Radiopacity was evaluated using the aluminium step wedge technique conforming to ISO standards. Surface roughness analysis utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM), while field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) visualized morphology. Results The polydopamine-based composite exhibited significantly superior sealing efficacy compared to MTA (P < 0.001). Radiopacity reached 3 mm aluminium equivalent, exceeding minimum clinical requirements. AFM analysis revealed a smooth surface topography, and FESEM confirmed successful composite synthesis. Conclusion This study demonstrates promising properties of the polydopamine-based composite for root perforation repair, including superior sealing efficacy, clinically relevant radiopacity, and smooth surface topography. Further investigation is warranted to assess its clinical viability and potential translation to endodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Nidhi Rao
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditya Shetty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Neevan Dsouza
- Department of Biostatistics, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Heeresh Shetty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nicklisch N, Hinrichs C, Palaske L, Vach W, Alt KW. Variability in human tooth cementum thickness reflecting functional processes. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:408-419. [PMID: 38126232 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the thickness of acellular extrinsic fibre cementum (AEFC) at four root positions of anterior and posterior teeth with special focus on functional aspects. Furthermore, the correlations between cementum thickness and chronological age and sex are investigated. BACKGROUND While numerous studies confirm continuous cementum apposition with age, masticatory forces as well as physiological and orthodontically induced tooth movements also have the potential to affect tooth cementum thickness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Undecalcified teeth were embedded in resin and transverse-sectioned in the cervical third of the root. Two sections per root were selected, and digital images at four positions were obtained (mesial, distal, oral, and vestibular) using light microscopy. The AEFC thickness of 99 teeth (anterior = 66, posterior = 33, male = 54, female = 45) were measured in both sections. The differences in mean values between root positions and the association of root position variation with tooth type, age, sex, and subject as well as the overall effects of age and sex were analysed using a mixed model. RESULTS First incisors and canines showed the greatest mean AFEC thickness, in contrast to premolars which had the lowest values. Differences were found across the four root positions, with a pattern varying considerably between anterior and posterior teeth and between maxilla and mandible in the anterior teeth. An interaction between root position and subject pointed to the existence of an individual component in the variation of AEFC thickness across the four root positions. There was an age trend with an almost linear increase in cementum thickness of 1 μm per year. Overall, females tended to exhibit a significantly lesser AEFC thickness compared to males. CONCLUSIONS Distinct differences in the pattern of thickness values across the four root positions in anterior and posterior teeth support the assumption that the AEFC is strongly affected by functional processes. In addition to sex-specific differences and age-related trends, the root position variation of AEFC thickness varies from individual to individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nicklisch
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | | | - Lukas Palaske
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | - Werner Vach
- Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt W Alt
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
- Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Kuwada C, Kikuchi T, Kato A, Naitoh M, Kise Y, Mitani A, Honda M, Ariji E. Unusual imaging appearance of cemental tear in the maxillary first molar on cone-beam computed tomography: A case report. AUST ENDOD J 2024; 50:157-162. [PMID: 37964478 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
A cemental tear (CeT) is a definitive clinical entity and its radiographic appearance is well known in single-rooted teeth. However, the imaging features of CeT in multi-rooted teeth have not been clarified. We report a case of CeT which arose in the maxillary first molar and exhibited an unusual appearance in cone-beam computed tomography images. The torn structure was verified as cementum by micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. The hypercementosis, most likely induced by occlusal force, might have been torn from the root by a stronger occlusal force caused by the mandibular implant. An unusual bridging structure was created between the two buccal roots. These features may occur in multi-rooted teeth with long-standing deep pockets and abscesses that are resistant to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Kuwada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikuchi
- Department of Periodontology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Kato
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Munetaka Naitoh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kise
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Ariji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
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Aljawhar AM, Ibrahim N, Abdul Aziz A, Ahmed HMA, Azami NH. Characterization of the root and canal anatomy of maxillary premolar teeth in an Iraqi subpopulation: a cone beam computed tomography study. Odontology 2024; 112:570-587. [PMID: 37957521 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the number of roots and root canal morphology types of maxillary premolars in relation to a patient's gender and age in an Iraqi population using two classification systems. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 1116 maxillary premolars from 385 patients were evaluated for the number of roots and root canal morphology types according to Vertucci's classification and Ahmed et al. classification systems. Differences in the number of roots and root canal morphology types with regard to tooth type, patients' gender and age groups were evaluated and the degree of bilateral symmetry was determined. Chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis. About 51.1% of the 1st premolars were double rooted. The majority (87.9%) of the 2nd premolars were single rooted. The three-rooted form presented in only 1.2% and 0.7% of the 1st and 2nd premolars, respectively. Vertucci Type IV (Ahmed et al. code 2MaxP B1P1) and Vertucci Type I (Ahmed et al. code 1MaxP1) were the most common canal morphology types in the 1st and 2nd premolars, respectively. Females showed a lower number of roots and a higher prevalence of Vertucci Type I configuration (P < 0.05). Younger age groups showed a higher prevalence of Vertucci Type I configuration (P < 0.05). Bilateral symmetry was seen in more than half of the maxillary premolars. There is a considerable variation in the number of roots and root canal configurations of maxillary premolars in the studied Iraqi population, with a significant difference by gender and age groups. Ahmed et al. classification provided more accurate presentation of the root and canal anatomy in maxillary premolars compared to Vertucci's classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Mohammed Aljawhar
- Department of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Ibrahim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Clinical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azwatee Abdul Aziz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hayati Azami
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Svanholt P, Svanholt M, Thomsen J, Kjær I. The ectopic mandibular canines can start tooth formation in three different locations: a case series study based on single orthopantomograms from 47 individuals. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:191-199. [PMID: 38502521 PMCID: PMC11058765 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A former study on orthopantomograms from young children with abnormal dental development (not canine ectopia) demonstrated that the tooth bud of the mandibular canine, compared to a stable longitudinal canine axis, could be located normally, anteriorly or posteriorly, with close relation to the first premolar. AIM The aim of the present study is to analyse on orthopantomograms if the canine axis can demonstrate where the ectopic mandibular canine started tooth formation. MATERIALS The material consists of orthopantomograms with ectopic mandibular canines and presence of primary mandibular canines from 47 cases (29 cases 9-21 years old and 18 cases with unknown ages). The primary canines demonstrated from minor apical resorption to more severe apical resorption. METHODS Based on canine maturity, location of the canine axes and the interrelationships between the roots of the permanent canine and first premolar, the location from where the canine started tooth formation was determined. Canine maturity. Maturity stage below half root length and maturity stage above half root length revealed that 11 ectopic canines had less than half root length and 36 cases more than half root length. Canine axes. The canine axis, through the length of the primary canines Ax, is inserted on drawings of the orthopantomograms using the tracing programme Inkscape®. Interrelationship between roots. By visual inspection, the distance between the canine and first premolar was designated close distance, normal distance and extended distance. RESULTS The results are divided into 3 groups. Group 1: The initial site of the permanent ectopic canine is located within the canine axis (6 cases). Group 2: The initial site of the permanent ectopic canine is located posterior to the canine axis (36 cases). Group 3: The initial site of the permanent ectopic canine is located anterior to the canine axis (5 cases). CONCLUSION The study explained that the canine axis could divide cases of ectopic canines into three groups according to the location from where tooth formation starts. For getting closer to the pattern of the ectopic canine eruption, it is necessary to analyse series of orthopantomograms taken from the same individual over several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Svanholt
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Guldborgsund Municipal Clinic of Orthodontics, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
| | - M Svanholt
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Municipal Clinic of Orthodontics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Thomsen
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Odense Municipal Clinic of Orthodontics Odense, Odense, Denmark
| | - I Kjær
- Department of Odontology. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Mustafa M, Batul R, Karobari MI, Alamri HM, Abdulwahed A, Almokhatieb AA, Hashem Q, Alsakaker A, Alam MK, Ahmed HMA. Assessment of the root and canal morphology in the permanent dentition of Saudi Arabian population using cone beam computed and micro-computed tomography - a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:343. [PMID: 38493123 PMCID: PMC10944621 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Root canal treatment procedures require a thorough understanding of root and canal anatomy. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the morphological differences of teeth root and their canals assessed using cone-beam computed and micro-computed tomography in Saudi Arabian population. METHODOLOGY An electronic search was conducted in PubMed / Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases until January 2023 to retrieve related studies. "Root canal morphology," "Saudi Arabia," "Micro-CT," and "cone-beam computed tomography" were used as keywords. A modified version of previously published risk of bias assessment tool was used to determine the quality assessment of included studies. RESULTS The literature search revealed 47 studies that matched the criteria for inclusion, out of which 44 studies used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three were micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) studies. According to the modified version of risk of bias assessment tool, the studies were categorized as low, moderate, and high risk of bias. A total of 47,612 samples were included which comprised of either maxillary teeth (5,412), or mandibular teeth (20,572), and mixed teeth (21,327). 265 samples were used in micro-CT studies while 47,347 teeth samples were used in CBCT studies. Among the CBCT studies, except for three, all the studies were retrospective studies. Frequently used imaging machine and software were 3D Accuitomo 170 and Morita's i-Dixel 3D imaging software respectively. Minimum and maximum voxel sizes were 75 and 300 μm, Vertucci's classification was mostly used to classify the root canal morphology of the teeth. The included micro-CT studies were in-vitro studies where SkyScan 1172 X-ray scanner was the imaging machine with pixel size ranging between 13.4 and 27.4 μm. Vertucci, Ahmed et al. and Pomeranz et al. classifications were applied to classify the root canal morphology. CONCLUSION This systematic review revealed wide variations in root and canal morphology of Saudi population using high resolution imaging techniques. Clinicians should be aware of the common and unusual root and canal anatomy before commencing root canal treatment. Future micro-CT studies are needed to provide additional qualitative and quantitative data presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rumesa Batul
- Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Dental Research Unit, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Dental Research Unit, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, 12211, Cambodia.
| | - Hadi Mohammed Alamri
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Consultant Endodontics, Department of Dentistry, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Abdulwahed
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Almokhatieb
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qamar Hashem
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alsakaker
- Consultant endodontist, Department of endodontics, Prince Abdulrahman Advanced Dental Institute, Ministry of defence, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mirza MB. Evaluating the Internal Anatomy of Maxillary Premolars in an Adult Saudi Subpopulation Using 2 Classifications: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e943455. [PMID: 38489240 PMCID: PMC10949828 DOI: 10.12659/msm.943455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the root canal morphology is important for successful endodontic treatment. This retrospective cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study aimed to compare the adult maxillary premolars (MP), root, and canal morphology among a Saudi Arabian subpopulation based on Vertucci and Ahmed classifications. MATERIAL AND METHODS Scans of 1336 MP - 656 first premolars (MFP) and 680 second premolars (MSP) - were analyzed for the number of roots, morphology of the canals, and symmetry among them. The data were grouped based on the traditional preestablished Vertucci system and newer instantaneous code-based Ahmed classification. Comparative analysis was done using the chi-square test. RESULTS Two roots were common in MFP with 84.4% of the population, followed by those with 1 root and those with 3 roots. In MSP, single roots were more common. The results were non-significant with P values of 0.859 and 0.471, respectively. Most of these MFP had Type IV Vertucci configuration/²TNB¹P¹ Ahmed et al code (TN-tooth number, B-buccal canal, P-palatal canal). In MSP, Type I Vertucci/¹TN¹ Ahmed et al code was most common. However, the results were not statistically significant for the PM with P values of 0.997 and 0.732, respectively. Sex-based difference among them for the roots and root canals was also non-significant. Symmetry among PM in opposite quadrants was 87.1% in MFP and 90% in MSP. CONCLUSIONS Two roots with Type IV (²TNB¹P¹) and 1 root with Type I (¹TN¹) were most common in MFP and MSP, respectively. Symmetry among opposing PM was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Baig Mirza
- Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Mao F, Wang M, Zhou S, Zhao Y, Huang J, Yin F, Yang H, Ding PH. Clinical relevance of distolingual roots and periodontal status in mandibular first molars: a cross-sectional study employing CBCT analysis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:244-253. [PMID: 38453638 PMCID: PMC10918409 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Distolingual root of the permanent mandibular first molar (PMFM-DLR) has been frequently reported, which may complicate the treatment of periodontitis. This study aimed to assess the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and investigate the correlation between the morphological features of PMFM-DLR and periodontal status in patients with Eastern Chinese ethnic background. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 836 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with 1497 mandibular first molars were analyzed to observe the prevalence of PMFM-DLR at the patients and tooth levels in Eastern China. Among them, complete periodontal charts were available for 69 Chinese patients with 103 teeth. Correlation and regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the morphological features of DLR, bone loss, and periodontal clinical parameters, including clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), and furcation involvement (FI). RESULTS: The patient-level prevalence and tooth-level prevalence of DLR in mandibular first molars were 29.4% and 26.3%, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that bone loss at the lingual site and CAL were negatively affected by the angle of separation between distolingual and mesial roots in the transverse section, while they were significantly influenced by age and the angle of separation between distobuccal and mesial roots in the coronal section. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PMFM-DLR in Eastern China was relatively high in our cohort. The morphological features of DLR were correlated with the periodontal status of mandibular first molars. This study provides critical information on the morphological features of DLR for improved diagnosis and treatment options of mandibular molars with DLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Mao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jiaping Huang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Fengying Yin
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Pei-Hui Ding
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.
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Pedrosa NDOM, Santos RA, Coste SC, Colosimo EA, Bastos JV. Healing and long-term prognosis of root-fractured permanent teeth: a retrospective longitudinal study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:209. [PMID: 38467867 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the present study was to evaluate permanent teeth with post-traumatic transversal root fractures, for their initial healing modality, the effect of candidate predictors and their long-term prognosis. METHODOLOGY A retrospective longitudinal clinical study was conducted to evaluate records from patients bearing transversal root fractures in permanent teeth in order to radiographically assess short-term healing and non-healing events in the fracture line, their prognostic factors and their relationship with long term outcomes. The inter-fragmentary tissues were classified as healing: hard tissue (HT), connective tissue (CT) or connective tissue and bone (CT + B) and non-healing: interposition of granulation tissue (GT). A competing risk survival analysis was conducted to estimate the hazards of healing and non-healing events in the short-term and the effect of demographic, clinical, and treatment variables was assessed using the subdistribution regression model (Fine & Gray). RESULTS Radiographic findings showed 61.4% of healing in the short-term being strongly influenced by the presence and type of concomitant injuries to the coronal fragment. Teeth with concomitant crown fractures (sHR 24.38, 95% CI [3.16-188.3], p = 0.0022), luxations with dislocations (sHR 10.58, 95% CI [1.37-81.9], p = 0.0240) and subluxations (HR 9.66, 95% CI [1.14-81.7], p = 0.0370) were more likely to present non-healing of root fractures in the short-term. The healing rate in the long-term was of 75.9%, most of them with interposition of bone and connective tissue. Kappa statistics demonstrated an overall agreement of 67.1% between short and long-term healing patterns, in special HT and CT + Bone modalities. CONCLUSION Healing at the fracture site was the most frequent outcome, both in the short-term and in the long-term. Short-term healing modality was strongly influenced by the presence and type of concomitant injuries to the crown fragment, being the worst prognosis observed in root-fractured teeth with concomitant crown fractures, followed by concomitant luxations with dislocation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Post-traumatic transversal root fractures have a positive prognosis supporting therefore, a more conservative approach for these teeth before considering more radical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália de Oliveira Murta Pedrosa
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas, 688, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rayner Afonso Santos
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Cury Coste
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas, 688, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Enrico Antônio Colosimo
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vilela Bastos
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas, 688, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Pires M, Martins JNR, Pereira MR, Vasconcelos I, Costa RPD, Duarte I, Ginjeira A. Diagnostic value of cone beam computed tomography for root canal morphology assessment - a micro-CT based comparison. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:201. [PMID: 38453706 PMCID: PMC10920457 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a root canal anatomy diagnostic tool by comparison with micro-CT gold-standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS 216 two-rooted mandibular molars were first scanned in a CBCT device (200 μm voxel size) and posteriorly in a micro-CT scanner (19.61 μm). The volumes were sequentially screened to classify main root canal anatomy according to Vertucci classification, and for the presence of lateral canals and apical deltas, in both mesial and distal roots. RESULTS Both methods revealed a higher prevalence of Vertucci Type II and IV in the mesial root, and Vertucci Type I in the distal root. The percentage of agreement for main root canal anatomy classification between CBCT and micro-CT scores was high (85.2%). CONCLUSION Sensibility to detect both lateral canals and apical deltas with CBCT was low. These results attest to the fact that minor anatomical changes might be difficult to identify with CBCT imaging, hampering its diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pires
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Jorge N R Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquímica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário Rito Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Vasconcelos
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Marinha Grande, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Duarte
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António Ginjeira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioquímica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Van Ankum EM, Majcher KB, Dolovich AT, Johnston JD, Flegel KP, Boughner JC. Food texture and vitamin D influence mouse mandible form and molar roots. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:611-632. [PMID: 37702738 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization influenced several facets of lifestyle, including softer nutrient-poor diets that contributed to vitamin D deficiency in post-industrzialized populations, with concomitantly increased dental problems. Here we simulated a post-industrialized diet in a mouse model to test the effects of diet texture and vitamin D level on mandible and third molar (M3) forms. Mice were raised on a soft diet with vitamin D (VitD) or without it (NoD), or on a hard diet with vitamin D. We hypothesized that a VitD/hard diet is optimal for normal mandible and tooth root form, as well as for timely M3 initiation. Subsets of adult NoD/soft and VitD/soft groups were bred to produce embryos that were micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanned to stage M3 development. M3 stage did not differ between embryos from mothers fed VitD and NoD diets, indicating that vitamin D does not affect timing of M3 onset. Sacrificed adult mice were μCT-scanned, their mandibles 3D-landmarked and M3 roots were measured. Principal component (PC) analysis described the largest proportion of mandible shape variance (PC1, 30.1%) related to diet texture, and nominal shape variance (PC2, 13.8%) related to vitamin D. Mice fed a soft diet had shorter, relatively narrower, and somewhat differently shaped mandibles that recapitulated findings in human populations. ANOVA and other multivariate tests found significantly wider M3 roots and larger root canals in mice fed a soft diet, with vitamin D having little effect. Altogether our experiments using a mouse model contribute new insights about how a post-industrial diet may influence human craniodental variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Van Ankum
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kadin B Majcher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Allan T Dolovich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - James D Johnston
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kennedy P Flegel
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Julia C Boughner
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Timme M, Viktorov J, Steffens L, Streeter A, Karch A, Schmeling A. Dental age assessment in the living: a comparison of two common stage classifications for assessing radiographic visibility of the root canals in mandibular third molars. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:499-507. [PMID: 37952073 PMCID: PMC10861756 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
After dentition is complete, degenerative tooth characteristics can be used for dental age assessment. Radiological assessment of the visibility of the root canals of the mandibular third molars in dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) is known to be one such suitable feature. Essentially, two different stage classifications are available for evaluating the visibility of the root canals of mandibular third molars in the DPR. The aim of this study was to determine if one method outperforms the other. Therefore, the 2010 method of Olze et al. was directly compared to the 2017 method of Lucas et al. in the 2020 modification of Al Qattan et al. To this end, 233 DPRs from 116 females and 117 males aged 20.0 to 40.9 years were evaluated by three independent experienced examiners. In addition, one examiner ran two independent evaluations. Correlation between age and stage was investigated, and the inter- and intra-rater reliability was estimated for both methods. Correlation between age and stage was higher with the Olze method (Spearman rho 0.388 [95% CI 0.309, 0.462], males and 0.283 [95% CI 0.216, 0.357], females) than the Lucas method (0.212 [95% CI 0.141, 0.284], males and 0.265 [95% CI 0.193, 0.340], females). The intra-rater repeatability of the Olze method (Krippendorff's α = 0.576 [95% CI 0.508, 0.644], males and α = 0.592 [95% CI 0.523, 0.661], females) was greater than that for the Lucas method (intra-rater α = 0.422 [95% CI 0.382, 0.502], males and α = 0.516 [95% CI 0.523, 0.661], females). Inter-rater reproducibility was also greater for the Olze method (α = 0.542 [95% CI 0.463, 0.620], males and α = 0.533 [95% CI 0.451, 0.615], females) compared to the Lucas method (α = 0.374 [95% CI 0.304, 0.443], males and α = 0.432 [95% CI 0.359, 0.505], females). The method of Olze et al. was found to present marginal advantages to the Lucas et al. method across all examinations and may be a more appropriate method for application in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Timme
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Jan Viktorov
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Laurin Steffens
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Adam Streeter
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - André Karch
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmeling
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Serin Canpolat S, Bayrak S. Evaluation of radiographic visibility of root pulp in mandibular second molars using cone beam computed tomography images for age estimation. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2024; 20:8-13. [PMID: 36853501 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-023-00594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to estimate chronological age and determine whether individuals were aged under or over 18 years using root pulp visibility (RPV) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The study included CBCT images of 699 individuals aged between 15 and 75 years. One thousand twenty-three mandibular second molar (2M) teeth were evaluated using Olze's RPV method in four stages. Descriptive statistics of the stages and the relationship between the stages and the chronological age were assessed. The distribution of the stages was analyzed according to the 18-year age threshold. There was a positive correlation between RPV stages and chronological ages in both sexes. For females and males, the mean ages of stage 0, stage 1, and stage 2, for females and males, were found as 27.21, 28.93, and 33.68 years, and 37.69, 40.9, and 44.88 years, respectively. Stage 0 and stage 1 were found both in individuals aged under and over 18 years, and stage 2 and stage 3 were not observed in individuals aged under 18 years. The presence of stage 2 and stage 3 may be an indication that an individual is aged over 18 years according to Olze's RPV age estimation method. For more reliable results, 2M teeth should be examined bilaterally in forensic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Serin Canpolat
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Golkoy, Bolu, Turkey.
| | - S Bayrak
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Golkoy, Bolu, Turkey
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Arkhipova A, Bovanova N, Lastovichek D, Ramonova A, Generalov E, Byakova S. Radiographic Criteria for Differential Diagnosis Between Vertical Root Fracture and Apical Periodontitis in Single-Rooted Endodontically Treated Premolars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. J Endod 2024; 50:329-335. [PMID: 38185244 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explores the differences between the patterns of bone defects associated with vertical root fracture (VRF) and apical periodontitis (AP) in single-rooted endodontically treated premolars (SRETPs) based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data. METHODS Eighty-four SRETPs were extracted and categorized into the VRF and AP groups. On preoperative CBCT images, the location of bone defects according to the root thirds in buccolingual and mesiodistal directions across the study groups were compared. RESULTS The majority of bone defects in the VRF group were longitudinal and combined, involving more than one root thirds in buccolingual and mesiodistal directions simultaneously. A uniform approach to comparing bone defects using the sites of periradicular area with bone loss as a comparison unit was developed. In the VRF group, bone loss sites in the middle and coronal thirds were detected more often and were located mainly buccolingually compared with the AP group (P < .001). CONCLUSION Bone defects in the middle or middle and coronal root thirds in the buccolingual direction may be potential radiographic signs useful in differentiating between VRF and AP in SRETPs. The introduction of the uniform approach to assessment of bone loss patterns will give practitioners a single simple tool and improve the quality of endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Evgenii Generalov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Byakova
- Therapeutic Dentistry Department, Institute for Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Lander B, Rascon A, Sourvanos D, Fiorellini J, Neiva R. Maintaining tooth-implant distance following root amputation of a compromised adjacent tooth: A clinical case report. Clin Adv Periodontics 2024; 14:9-14. [PMID: 36751128 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edentulous sites with limited horizontal tooth-implant distance pose a challenge to clinicians. This case report describes root amputation of an adjacent compromised molar to maintain an optimal tooth-implant distance METHODS AND RESULTS: A 41-year-old female was referred for extraction and implant placement to replace her left, maxillary second premolar (#13), which had been diagnosed with a vertical root fracture. Extraction and ridge preservation of #13 was completed without complication. The 4-month postsurgical clinical examination revealed a narrow mesial-distal distance (5.69 mm) of the edentulous space (#13), which was influenced by the degree of divergence of the mesial buccal root of tooth #14. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis verified a periapical lesion on the mesial-buccal root of tooth #14. The amputation of the endodontically compromised mesial-buccal root of #14 was treatment planned to provide space and facilitate placement of a standard diameter implant without compromising the implant or adjacent teeth. Crestal bone levels were verified and maintained at the 1 year postoperative follow-up. CONCLUSION The findings of the case report demonstrate how root amputation of a compromised molar is an alternative solution for managing spatial limitations in contemporary implant dentistry. More studies are required to assess the reliability and long-term success of this approach. KEY POINTS Why is this case new information? There is insufficient evidence on the long-term efficacy of narrow-diameter implants. Clinical treatment guidelines are not sufficiently available. This paper presents an alternative approach to managing a specific scenario where mesial-distance distance is limited using root amputation of an adjacent compromised tooth. What are the keys to successful management of this case? Comprehensive diagnosis and stringent case selection Multidisciplinary treatment planning Evidence-based decision making What are the primary limitations to success in this case? Very specific clinical application; adjacent compromised tooth Long-term follow up is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Lander
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Allison Rascon
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis Sourvanos
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry (CiPD), Schools of Dental Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph Fiorellini
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rodrigo Neiva
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zheng W, Lu X, Chen G, Shen Y, Huang X, Peng J, Wang J, Yin Y, Song W, Xie M, Yu S, Chen L. The osteoclastic activity in apical distal region of molar mesial roots affects orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:19. [PMID: 38418457 PMCID: PMC10901898 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of optimal orthodontic force is crucial to prevent undesirable side effects and ensure efficient tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. However, the sensitivity of existing detection techniques is not sufficient, and the criteria for evaluating optimal force have not been yet established. Here, by employing 3D finite element analysis methodology, we found that the apical distal region (A-D region) of mesial roots is particularly sensitive to orthodontic force in rats. Tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts began accumulating in the A-D region under the force of 40 grams (g), leading to alveolar bone resorption and tooth movement. When the force reached 80 g, TRAP-positive osteoclasts started appearing on the root surface in the A-D region. Additionally, micro-computed tomography revealed a significant root resorption at 80 g. Notably, the A-D region was identified as a major contributor to whole root resorption. It was determined that 40 g is the minimum effective force for tooth movement with minimal side effects according to the analysis of tooth movement, inclination, and hyalinization. These findings suggest that the A-D region with its changes on the root surface is an important consideration and sensitive indicator when evaluating orthodontic forces for a rat model. Collectively, our investigations into this region would aid in offering valuable implications for preventing and minimizing root resorption during patients' orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengru Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China.
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Olczyk A, Malicka B, Skośkiewicz-Malinowska K. Retrospective study of the morphology of third maxillary molars among the population of Lower Silesia based on analysis of cone beam computed tomography. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299123. [PMID: 38394283 PMCID: PMC10890766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the anatomy of root canal systems and being aware of their variations is crucial for successful endodontic treatment. Specifically, the intricate and diverse nature of the root anatomy in maxillary third molars poses a significant challenge for dental clinicians. The study analyzed the morphology of the root canal system in maxillary third molars among residents of the Lower Silesia region in Poland using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional imaging study was conducted at the X-Ray Diagnostics Laboratory of the Academic Dental Polyclinic of Wroclaw Medical University, Poland. The study evaluated 316 CBCT scans and included 196 maxillary third molars. They were obtained from 118 females and 78 males over the age of 18, in the period from January to April 2022 (three consecutive months). The number of roots, root canals, and root canal configurations according to Vertucci's classification were analyzed. RESULTS Three-rooted maxillary molars were found most often (64.29%), followed by single-rooted (24.49%), two-rooted (7.65%), and four-rooted (3.57%) teeth. Among all the roots examined, Vertucci Type I root canals were the most prevalent. Our research found that single-rooted forms (40 teeth, 33.89% vs. 8 teeth, 10.26%, p = 0.0013) of maxillary third molars were significantly more common in females than in males. However, three-rooted forms (62 teeth, 79.49% vs. 64 teeth, 54.24%, p = 0.0013) of maxillary third molars were significantly more common in males than in females. DISCUSSION In the Lower Silesia region, the typical maxillary third molar in the Polish population has a three-rooted structure with Vertucci Type I root canal configuration. We noted a sex-dependent correlation in maxillary third molar morphology, with single-rooted forms more prevalent in women and three-rooted forms in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Olczyk
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Barbara Malicka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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陈 晨, 梁 宇. [Root canal therapy of maxillary molars with atypical canals: A report of three cases]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 56:190-195. [PMID: 38318917 PMCID: PMC10845192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Maxillary molar with three roots and 3 to 4 canals is a common occurrence. However, in addition to common root canal anatomy, there may be significant differences in the number, distribution, and morphological structure of root canals. The success of root canal treatment is dependent on ensuring that all the intricate details associated with it are meticulously followed. Failure to locate all canals could have a negative effect on the treatment as it may lead to initiation or continuation of periapical pathology. Missed canals were the main reason for patients reporting back for nonsurgical root canal retreatment. Moreover, the bacteria residing in such canals could also result in persistence of symptoms. Root canal anatomy is complex, and the recognition of anatomic variations could be a challenge for clinicians. This article presents three cases of endodontic management of maxillary molars with atypical canal morphology. In the three cases of this study, the patients underwent cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) examination before root canal treatment. The CBCT images revealed that the maxillary molars in case 1 and case 2 had 5 canals. Case 1: 2 mesiobuccal (MB, MB2), two distobuccal (DB and DB2), and one palatal canal. Case 2: 2 mesiobuccal (MB, MB2), one distobuccal (DB), and two palatal canals (MP and DP). In case 3, CBCT scan slices showed that the maxillary first molar presented as a C-shaped root canal with a rare tooth anomaly of taurodontism. Although C-shaped root canals were most frequently seen in the mandibular second molar, they might also appear in maxillary molars. A literature search revealed only a few case reports of C-shaped root canal systems in maxillary molars. Case 3 described the fusion between mesiobuccal and palatal roots of the maxillary first molar, forming a C-shaped mesiopalatal root canal. The above cases suggest that endodontists should always be aware of aberrancies in root canal system apart from the knowledge of normal root canal anatomy. CBCT as a means of diagnosis can be helpful for identifying and managing these complex root canal systems. This case series also highlights the importance of magnification and illumination. Through using an endodontic microscope, clinicians can identify root canals that are difficult to locate or overlooked with normal vision. A correct access opening is a most important step to locate and negotiate the orifices of root canals. The use of ultrasonic tips can refine the access cavity and allow controlled and delicate removal of calcifications and other interferences to the canal orifices, thereby helping to locate the extra orifices.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晨 陈
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院门诊部, 国家口腔医学中心, 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心, 口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心, 口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室, 国家卫生健康委员会口腔医学计算机应用工程技术研究中心, 国家药品监督管理局口腔生物材料重点实验室, 北京 100034First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100034, China
| | - 宇红 梁
- 北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院急诊科, 北京 100081Department of Oral Emergency, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Taha NA, Makahleh N, Hatipoglu FP. Root canal morphology of anterior permanent teeth in Jordanian population using two classification systems: a cone-beam computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:170. [PMID: 38308267 PMCID: PMC10837869 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate knowledge of root canal morphology and its variation is essential for success of root canal treatment and to overcome treatemnt failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the root and canal morphology of mandibular anterior teeth using 2 classification systems. METHODS 3342 lower anteriors were evaluated from 557 CBCT scans. The images were examined in sagittal, axial and coronal views using a CS 3D imaging software (V3.10.4, Carestream Dental). Demographic data recorded, the number of roots and canal's morphology were described according to Vertucci and Ahmed classifications. RESULTS Frequency of Type I configuration was significantly the highest in incisors and canines (76%, N = 2539), followed by Type III (20.6%, N = 687). Type II (1.1%, N = 37), IV (1.1%, N = 37), and V (0.3%, N = 11) were rarely encountered. 0.9% (N = 31) of the teeth could not be classified with the Vertucci System. The frequency of 2 roots (2MA in Ahmed classification) which has no correspondence in the Vertucci classification, was 1.1% (N = 38), it was significantly higher in canines and in females (35 canines and 3 laterals). A moderate correlation in root canal morpology was found between the left and right sides (V > 0.30). 80% (N = 2538) of the teeth did not exhibit any divergence/merging. The bifurcation level occurred mostly in the middle third of the root. CONCLUSIONS One fourth of anterior teeth had variation from the simple type I canal configuration and therefore requires attention during treatment. The new classification system offers a more accurate and simplified presentation of canal morphology. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The prevalence and mid root bifurcation of second canal in lower anteriors requires attention to ensure adequate quality root canal treatment without compromising the integrity of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessrin A Taha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Nisrein Makahleh
- Dental Teaching Clinics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Gohain M, Asif MK, Nambiar P, Mohd Noor NS, Hidayah Reduwan N, Ibrahim N. Three-dimensional surface area analyses of developing maxillary second premolar root apices for age estimation using CBCT images. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2024; 66:102391. [PMID: 38211402 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional surface area analyses of developing root apices for age estimation in children and young adults have shown promising results. The current study aimed to apply this three-dimensional method to develop a regression model for estimating age in Malaysian children aged 7 to 14 using developing maxillary second premolars. A training sample of 155 cone-beam computed tomography scans (83 Malays and 72 Chinese) was analysed, and the formula was subsequently validated on an independent sample of 92 cone-beam computed tomography scans (45 Malays and 47 Chinese). The results showed a strong correlation (r = 94 %) between the chronological age as a dependent variable and the predictor variables, including root surface area of the apex, sex, ethnicity, and root development status (open/closed apices). For this model, the predictor variables accounted for 88.4 % of the variation in age except sex and ethnicity. A mean absolute error value of 0.42 indicated that this model can be reliably used for Malaysian children. In conclusion, this study recognises the method of three-dimensional surface area analyses as a valuable tool for age estimation in forensic and clinical practice. Further studies are highly recommended to assess its effectiveness across different demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Gohain
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Khan Asif
- Department of Research and Forensic Odontology, Shifa College of Dentistry, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Malaysia.
| | - Phrabhakaran Nambiar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Saujana Putra, Malaysia.
| | - Nora Sakina Mohd Noor
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Hidayah Reduwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
| | - Norliza Ibrahim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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22
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Ruiz DC, Reis LDO, Fontenele RC, Miranda-Viana M, Farias-Gomes A, Freitas DQ. Influence of an adjacent zirconium implant, tube current, and metal artifact reduction algorithm on horizontal root fracture diagnosis in cone beam computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:190-198. [PMID: 37940483 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the influence of an adjacent zirconium implant, tube current (mA), and a metal artifact reduction algorithm (MARA) on horizontal root fracture (HRF) diagnosis in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN Nineteen teeth (9 with HRF, 10 without) were individually placed in a human maxilla. Scan volumes were acquired without and with a zirconium implant adjacent to the tooth at settings of 4, 8, and 10 mA, with MARA disabled and enabled, using a 5×5 cm field of view, 0.085-mm voxel size, and 90 kV. Four maxillofacial radiologists individually assessed the scans. Diagnostic metrics were compared by multiway analysis of variance (α=5%). Inter- and intraexaminer agreements for HRF diagnosis were evaluated with the weighted kappa test. RESULTS Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were significantly lower in the presence of the implant (P≤.005). AUC values were higher in scans obtained with 8 and 10 mA compared with 4 mA (P=0.010), but 10 mA without MARA was better with the implant present. MARA did not significantly influence outcomes (P≥0.240). Inter- and intraexaminer agreements ranged from moderate to almost perfect. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the zirconium implant impairs HRF detection. Settings of 8 or 10 mA improve HRF detection regardless MARA condition without the implant. With an adjacent implant, 10 mA without MARA is recommended to improve diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Costa Ruiz
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Larissa de Oliveira Reis
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Murilo Miranda-Viana
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Farias-Gomes
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Deborah Queiroz Freitas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Louropoulou A, Andreasen JO, Leunisse M, Eggink E, Linssen M, Van der Weijden F, Barendregt D. An evaluation of 910 premolars transplanted in the anterior region-A retrospective analysis of survival, success, and complications. Dent Traumatol 2024; 40:22-34. [PMID: 37731296 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the survival, success and possible complications of transplanted premolars to the anterior region subdivided in development stage and patient's age. MATERIALS AND METHODS The material comprised patients that underwent a tooth transplantation between April 2004 and December 2021. A total of 910 premolars were transplanted in 707 patients. Tooth mobility, oral hygiene, and periodontal parameters were clinically evaluated. Standardized radiographs were used to evaluate pulpal and periodontal healing and root formation. The cumulative survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The data were subdivided in three groups based on the stage of root development and patient's age. The average age at surgery was 16 years. The main indication for transplantation was trauma, followed by agenesis and other indications. Two premolars were lost during the whole observation period. The overall survival and success in the immature premolars group after an observation period of 10 years was 99.8%. The 10-year survival and success rate when fully developed premolars were transplanted in the anterior region in adolescents were 100% and 96.3%, respectively. In adults, the 10-year survival and success rate were 87.5%. CONCLUSION Transplantation of premolars with developing and fully developed roots to the anterior region in children, adolescents, and adults is a predictable treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Louropoulou
- Proclin Rotterdam, Clinic for Periodontology, Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinic for Periodontology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Ove Andreasen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital in Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Edwin Eggink
- Proclin Rotterdam, Clinic for Periodontology, Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Linssen
- Proclin Rotterdam, Clinic for Periodontology, Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fridus Van der Weijden
- Clinic for Periodontology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Barendregt
- Proclin Rotterdam, Clinic for Periodontology, Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Pereira J, Venturini M, Ferro D, Corrêa H, Matos R, Requicha J. Age estimation by pulp canal/root ratio in Yorkshire terrier dogs. Can Vet J 2024; 65:156-161. [PMID: 38304483 PMCID: PMC10783586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Background The study of the morphological parameters of teeth on dental radiographic images, especially evaluation of the pulp canal/root ratio (PCRR), has been presented as a reliable method to estimate age both in humans and animals. Evaluating PCRR involves a simple, nondestructive procedure that can be used both in living individuals and in cadavers. There is a scarcity of studies assessing the relationship between PCRR and age in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris). Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between PCRR and age in Yorkshire terrier dogs. Animals and procedures Dental radiographs of 53 Yorkshire terrier dogs from the database of the Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center (Brazil) were analyzed. Using ImageJ software, 3 consecutive measurements of the widths of 2 roots (mesial and distal) and their respective pulp canals were taken at both mandibular molar teeth (left, 309 and right, 409). The PCRR was then calculated using width means. Results The PCRR decreased with increasing age in both mesial (0.21 ± 0.09 in animals aged < 24 mo, 0.12 ± 0.04 in animals aged between 25 and 96 mo, and 0.09 ± 0.03 in dogs aged > 96 mo) and distal (0.24 ± 0.11, 1.01 ± 0.03, and 0.09 ± 0.03, by the same order) roots. A statistically significant, moderate negative correlation was demonstrated between age and PCRR of the mesial [rs (97) = -0.545; P < 0.001] and distal [rs (98) = -0.578; P < 0.001] roots. Conclusion and clinical relevance This work contributes to the knowledge of PCRR in dogs and its relationship with age, paving the way for further studies using larger samples in different canine breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pereira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona. Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal (Pereira, Matos); Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center, Av. Magalhães de Castro 12, São Paulo, Brazil (Venturini, Ferro, Corrêa); Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (Requicha)
| | - Michèle Venturini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona. Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal (Pereira, Matos); Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center, Av. Magalhães de Castro 12, São Paulo, Brazil (Venturini, Ferro, Corrêa); Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (Requicha)
| | - Daniel Ferro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona. Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal (Pereira, Matos); Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center, Av. Magalhães de Castro 12, São Paulo, Brazil (Venturini, Ferro, Corrêa); Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (Requicha)
| | - Herbert Corrêa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona. Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal (Pereira, Matos); Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center, Av. Magalhães de Castro 12, São Paulo, Brazil (Venturini, Ferro, Corrêa); Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (Requicha)
| | - Raquel Matos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona. Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal (Pereira, Matos); Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center, Av. Magalhães de Castro 12, São Paulo, Brazil (Venturini, Ferro, Corrêa); Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (Requicha)
| | - João Requicha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona. Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal (Pereira, Matos); Odontovet Veterinary Dentistry Center, Av. Magalhães de Castro 12, São Paulo, Brazil (Venturini, Ferro, Corrêa); Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV) - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (Requicha)
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Sheth K, Banga KS, Pawar A, Wahjuningrum DA, Karobari MI. Distolingual root prevalence in mandibular first molar and complex root canal morphology in incisors: a CBCT analysis in Indian population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:443. [PMID: 38172235 PMCID: PMC10764885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cone-beam computed tomography was used to understand the possible correlation between the prevalence of distolingual root (DLR) in permanent mandibular first molars (MFMs) and the associated complicated mandibular incisor's root canal morphology (MIs) in an Indian population. A total of 400 scans were evaluated for MFMs and MIs. The prevalence of DLRs and root canal anatomy of MIs were assessed based on Vertucci's classification, and then the sample were grouped according to age, sex and side. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the possible correlation between the presence of DLRs in the first molar and root canal morphology of incisors. Chi square test was used to evaluate the correlation between the root canal configurations of MIs with the existence of DLRs in MFMs. There was no statistically significant difference between sexes or ages for the prevalence of DLRs in the first molars (p > 0.05), which was 6.62%, with the right side having a greater frequency of DLRs (7.8%) than the left (5.5%). Vertucci Type I canal configuration was most common for the mandibular central (66.75%) and lateral incisors (58.62%). Vertucci Type III was the most common complicated canal morphology, followed by Types V, II, and IV for MIs, with no statistically significant difference in the studied sample's age and sex. (p < 0.05). No association was observed between the presence of DLRs in first molars and complicated root canal configurations in MIs. Taken together, the possibility of complicated root canal configuration in MIs was lesser in the presence of DLRs in MFMs among the Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Sheth
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, 400 008, India
| | - K S Banga
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, 400 008, India
| | - Ajinkya Pawar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, 400 008, India
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, 12211, Cambodia.
- Dental Research Unit, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
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Karobari MI, Batul R, Khan M, Patil SR, Basheer SN, Rezallah NNF, Luke AM, Noorani TY. Micro computed tomography (Micro-CT) characterization of root and root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1. [PMID: 38167114 PMCID: PMC10763367 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mandibular first premolars are familiar with their varied root canal morphology, causing difficulties and challenges for successful endodontic procedures. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to study the characterization of root and canal morphology of the first mandibular premolar using micro-computed tomography. METHODOLOGY The literature search was conducted using electronic web databases like PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Cochrane with the chosen MeSH key words and data was retrieved until May 2023. Further to perform the statistical analysis, R v 4.3.1 software with "meta", 'metafor" "metaviz" " ggplot2" package was used, and results were represented by odds ratios (OR) and the percentage of forest plots along a 95 per cent confidence interval (CI). RESULTS The total number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria was 13; these studies were conducted on mandibular first premolar using Micro-CT; the total sample size was 1817. To scan the sample, an X-ray micro-focus CT system (Siemens Inveon CT, Erlangen, Germany) was used in four studies and seven different machines were used in the respective studies. Mimics 10.01 software (Materialize, Leuven, Belgium) and NRecon v.1.6.9 software (Bruker, Kontich, Belgium) were commonly operated. The minimum and maximum voxel size ranges between 11.94 and 50 μm. Vertucci's classification was frequently used (9), while one study applied Ahmed et al. and Vertucci's classification. CONCLUSION This systematic review provides essential information about the root and canal configurations, radicular grooves, accessory canals, and apical foramina through Micro-CT, aiming to improve the accuracy of endodontic treatment and help practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, 12211, Cambodia.
- Dental Research Unit, Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Rumesa Batul
- Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khan
- New Age Health Science Research Center, Muradpur, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Santosh R Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Chhattisgarh Dental College & Research Institute, Sundra, India
| | - Syed Nahid Basheer
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alexander Maniangat Luke
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
- Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research (CMBAHSR), Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Tahir Yusuf Noorani
- Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Wang Y, Chen X, Zhou D, Zheng L, Li X, Peng Y. Appropriate timing of treatment contributes to better root development of impacted anterior teeth in children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 165:18-26. [PMID: 37656074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the effects of different timings of orthodontic treatment on the root development of impacted anterior teeth in children. METHODS The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of 45 children with impacted anterior teeth were divided into unformed root (UR) group or basically formed root (BFR) group to evaluate root length (RL) and root growth length (RGL) of impacted teeth and contralateral nonimpacted teeth pretreatment and posttreatment. In addition, 22 patients with impacted dilaceration were selected to assess the effects of the crown-root angle and root development stage on RL and RGL. The Student t test, Wilcoxon test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistical evaluations. RESULTS The RL of treated impacted teeth pretreatment and posttreatment was significantly shorter than contralateral nonimpacted teeth values (P <0.05). Posttreatment, the RL and RGL of impacted teeth of the UR group were significantly greater than those of the BFR group (P <0.05). The RGL of the dilacerated root in the UR group was considerably higher than in the BFR group (P <0.05). The larger crown-root angle group had a longer posttreatment RL (P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the Nolla stage of impacted teeth and RL of contralateral teeth pretreatment significantly influenced the RL of impacted teeth posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS Prompt orthodontic treatment is necessary for children with impacted anterior teeth to release the impacted state and achieve better root development. The root length of a dilacerated tooth continued to develop under treatment, but the crown-root angle partly constrained it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Center of Stomatology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiran Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Martins JNR, Versiani MA. Worldwide Assessment of the Root and Root Canal Characteristics of Maxillary Premolars - A Multi-center Cone-beam Computed Tomography Cross-sectional Study With Meta-analysis. J Endod 2024; 50:31-54. [PMID: 37898333 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This worldwide study examined the root and root canal characteristics of maxillary premolars and explored how demographic factors impact the outcomes. METHODS Observers from 44 countries assessed 26,400 maxillary premolars using cone-beam computed tomography and employed a standardized screening method to gather data on multiple canal morphology and 3-rooted configuration (primary outcomes), as well as secondary outcomes related to root and root canal anatomies. Demographic factors such as ethnicity, sex, and age were collected for each participant. The intra- and inter-observer tests ensured observer reliability. Primary outcomes were represented as odds ratios and untransformed proportions accompanied by 95% confidence interval (CI) forest plots. Meta-analysis compared sub-groups and identified sources of heterogeneity (α = 5%). RESULTS The overall prevalence of multiple canal morphology in the first premolar was 93.5% (95% CI, 93.3%-94.7%), while in the second premolar, it was 49.7% (95% CI, 44.9%-54.6%). The proportion of 3-rooted configuration was 1.8% (95% CI, 1.4%-2.1%) in the first premolar and 0.4% (95% CI, 0.3%-0.5%) in the second. Asian countries generally displayed fewer roots and root canals, while European nations showed higher counts (P < .05). Males exhibited higher percentages and odds ratios for both outcomes in both premolars. Younger patients demonstrated lower percentages of multiple root canal morphologies (P < .05). Factors such as tooth side, voxel size and field-of-view did not influence the outcomes (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The worldwide assessment of root and root canal characteristics of maxillary premolars has revealed a discernible influence of various factors such as tooth type, geographical region, ethnicity, sex, and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N R Martins
- Department of Endodontics, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Grupo de Investigação em Bioquimica e Biologia Oral, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências Orais e Biomédicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dentária Baseada na Evidência (CEMDBE) - Cochrane Portugal, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Marco A Versiani
- Dental Specialty Center, Brazilian Military Police, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Charoenwathana S, Vorakulpipat C, Kaewpradub P, Waikakul A, Kitisubkanchana J. Characteristics of CBCT versus panoramic signs of the surrounding bone of molar root protrusions into the maxillary sinus. Odontology 2024; 112:287-298. [PMID: 37405628 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to (a) investigate the amount and characteristics of the surrounding bone of protruded molar roots into the maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and (b) assess the correlation between the amount of bone with panoramic high-risk signs. Radiographs of 408 roots protruding beyond the sinus floor were evaluated. Axial CBCT images were used to investigate then classify eight characteristics of surrounding bone: no bone; bone < half the root girth in the proximal or buccal-palatal aspect; bone covering half the root girth in the proximal or buccal-palatal aspect; bone > half the root girth in the proximal or buccal-palatal aspect; and, complete bone. These were then grouped into four degrees of bone support: no bone; bone ≤ half the root girth; bone > half the root girth; and, complete bone. Panoramic signs were subclassified as: projection of root; interruption of the sinus floor; darkening of the root; upward curving of the sinus floor; absence of periodontal ligament space; and, absence of the lamina dura. Correlation between the degree of bone and the panoramic signs was evaluated using the Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were calculated. Complete bone support was the most common. 'Projection of root' had a high negative predictive value and sensitivity. 'Absence of the periodontal ligament space and lamina dura' had a high positive predictive value, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve. These two signs were significantly correlated with the degree of bone support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Charoenwathana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi District, 6, Yothi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chakorn Vorakulpipat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi District, 6, Yothi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pariya Kaewpradub
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi District, 6, Yothi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aurasa Waikakul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi District, 6, Yothi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jira Kitisubkanchana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi District, No. 6, Yothi Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Štamfelj I, Hitij T, Strmšek L. Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris: A cone-beam computed tomography study of permanent mandibular molars in a large sample from Slovenia. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 157:105842. [PMID: 37979392 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence, unilateral/bilateral concurrency, and external morphology of permanent mandibular molars (PMMs) with radix entomolaris (RE) and radix paramolaris (RP) in a sample from Slovenia. DESIGN Medium field-of-view cone-beam computed tomography images of 1315 participants (681 males, 634 females) aged 13-90 years (mean age 45.5) were retrospectively examined. A total of 1363 first, 1824 second, and 1314 third PMMs were evaluated. The external morphology of the affected teeth was categorized according to Carlsen and Alexandersen's classifications. RESULTS The individual-level RE frequencies in the first, second, and third PMMs were 1.6%, 1.9%, and 10.1%, respectively. The respective RP frequencies were 0%, 1.8%, and 3.2%. The first PMMs exclusively exhibited type A RE morphology, whereas in the second and third PMMs, types B and AC morphologies predominated. Bilateral concurrence rates were low (0-7.1%), with the exception of type A RE in first PMMs (62.5%). RE occurrences in the first and second PMMs were correlated (odds ratio = 70.2; 95% confidence interval 17.4 -282.7; P < 0.001). In concurrent cases, the second PMM followed its anterior neighbor in expressing type A morphology, and conversely, all affected second PMMs standing next to a two-rooted first PMM exhibited non-type A morphology. CONCLUSIONS In this sample, the first and second PMMs exhibited low supernumerary root frequencies comparable to those of other European samples. The third PMM was most often affected. The presence of RE on the first PMM increased the possibility of its presence on the adjacent second PMM and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iztok Štamfelj
- Department of Dental Diseases and Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Tomaž Hitij
- Department of Dental Diseases and Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute for Palaeobiology and Evolution, Novi trg 59, SI-1241 Kamnik, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Strmšek
- Department of Dental Diseases and Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Hrvatski trg 6, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Macdonald AA, Ziehmer B, Kitchener AC, Gelang M, Åblad B, Lintonsson R, von Pückler K, Schaub S, Kiefer I, Schwarz T. A Computed Tomographic Study of the Premolar Teeth of Babyrousa spp. J Vet Dent 2024; 41:31-42. [PMID: 36998227 PMCID: PMC10676034 DOI: 10.1177/08987564231166551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
A photographic and computed tomography (CT) scanning study was carried out on the premolar teeth of 18 adult male Babyrousa babyrussa skulls, 10 skulls of Babyrousa celebensis, including 6 adult males, 1 adult female, 1 subadult male, 1 subadult female, and 1 juvenile male. The occlusal morphology of the permanent maxillary premolar teeth of B. babyrussa was very similar to that of B. celebensis. Almost all the maxillary third premolar teeth (107/207) had 2 roots, whereas maxillary fourth premolar teeth (108/208) had 3 or 4 roots. All of the mesial tooth roots of 107/207 and 108/208 were tapering rod-like structures; each contained a single pulp canal. Almost all distal roots of 107/207 were "C" shaped and contained 2 pulp canals. The 108/208 palatal roots were "C" shaped and contained 2 pulp canals. The mesial and distal roots of the mandibular third premolar teeth (307/407) teeth were uniformly rod-like, as were the mesial roots of the mandibular fourth premolar teeth (308/408) teeth. The distal roots of the 308/408 teeth were "C" shaped. All B. babyrussa 307/407 teeth have a single pulp canal located in each of the mesial and distal roots. The 308/408 mesial tooth root contained 1 pulp canal. In all but 3 of the 36 distal 308/408 roots of B. babyrussa teeth and in 7 of the 14 distal roots of B. celebensis teeth there was a single pulp canal; in the other 7 teeth there were 2 pulp canals. Each of the 3 medial roots contained 1 pulp canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair A. Macdonald
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies & The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bianca Ziehmer
- Department of Viticulture and Agriculture, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Transport, Agriculture and Viticulture Rhineland Palatinate (MWVLW), Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrew C. Kitchener
- Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
- Institute of Geography, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Björn Åblad
- Blåstjärnans Djursjukhus, Bildenheten, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Kerstin von Pückler
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Klinik für Kleintiere, Radiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität, Gießen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schaub
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Klinik für Kleintiere, Radiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität, Gießen, Germany
| | - Ingmar Kiefer
- Universität Leipzig, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Klinik für Kleintiere, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Schwarz
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies & The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Aydın H. Predictor Mandibular Dentoalveolar Features on the Occurrence of 1-Rooted/C-Shaped Mandibular Second Molar Teeth. Eur Endod J 2024; 9:65-72. [PMID: 37962052 PMCID: PMC10777082 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2023.91886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the mandible form features of the mandible, such as inter-second molar width, anteroposterior length, arch perimeter length, arch breadth, corpus height/width in the mandibular second molars (MnSM) region, and arch form, and the relation for the occasion of the 1-rooted/C-shaped. METHODS The study analyzed cone-beam computed tomography images of 215 male and 215 female Turkish patients to determine the prevalence of 1-rooted and C-shaped MnSM. Mandibular dentoalveolar characteristics of individuals with bilateral (1R-1R group) and unilateral (1R-2R group) 1-rooted MnSM were examined and compared with those with bilateral 2-roots (2R-2R group) MnSM. Statistical tests were performed using Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Tukey, and binary logistic regression analysis at the 5% significance level. RESULTS The prevalence of 1-rooted and 1-rooted/C-shaped MnSM was 12.79% and 9.65%, respectively. Root fusion was more commonly present in females (p<0.05). In the 1R-1R group, the anteroposterior length was shorter than in the 2R-2R group (p<0.05). There was no difference between the groups for other features (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Although the study found a shorter anteroposterior length in the 1R-1R group, no feature was a predictive variable for 1-rooted/C-shaped MnSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Aydın
- Department of Endodontics, Antalya Bilim University Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya, Türkiye
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Nouroloyouni A, Nazi Y, Mikaieli Xiavi H, Noorolouny S, Kuzekanani M, Plotino G, Walsh JL, Sheikhfaal B, Alyali R, Tavakkol E. Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Assessment of Prevalence of Procedural Errors in Maxillary Posterior Teeth. Biomed Res Int 2023; 2023:4439890. [PMID: 38116330 PMCID: PMC10730252 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4439890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A range of procedural errors can occur when performing endodontic treatment on posterior teeth. These errors may decrease the success rate in endodontic practice. This study assessed the prevalence of procedural errors and the quality of endodontic treatments in maxillary molars and premolars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT scans from two private radiology centers were assessed retrospectively to ensure the same calculated sample size of 327 teeth for each of the four maxillary posterior tooth types (a total of 1,308 endodontically treated teeth). Image sets were evaluated for procedural errors categorized as follows: obturation length (overfilling or underfilling by >2 mm short of the root apex), missed canals, perforations, strip perforations (with extrusion of material into the furcation area), separated instruments in the root canal space, and root fracture. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and frequency data was assessed using the Monte Carlo test at the 0.05 level of significance. The procedural errors most commonly reported in the present study were from most frequent to least frequent: underfilled canals (50.0%), missed canals (27.5%), overfilled canals (12.5%), apical perforations (5.0%), separated instruments (3.1%), and root fractures (1.9%). No strip perforations (with extrusion of material into the furcation area) were seen in the study (0%). Underfilled and missed root canals were the most frequent procedural errors identified in the present study. These findings underline the importance of more consideration of critical working length management during all stages of root canal treatment, greater awareness of root canal anatomy, and the use of imaging and diagnostic devices that enhance the ability to identify and treat root canals both safely and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nouroloyouni
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Yousef Nazi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Sara Noorolouny
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maryam Kuzekanani
- Endodontology Research Center, Department Of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gianluca Plotino
- Private Practice, Grande Plotino & Torsello Studio di Odontoiatria, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - James Laurence Walsh
- UQ Oral Health Centre, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Behzad Sheikhfaal
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rashin Alyali
- Department of Radiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Elham Tavakkol
- Department of Radiological Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Palone M, Mannelli E, Gobbi E, Huanca Ghislanzoni LT, Cremonini F, Lombardo L. Is a non-radiological-assisted method valid for establishing crown-root relationships in an orthodontic set-up incorporating the roots? A retrospective study. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100792. [PMID: 37499443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to obtain information on the relationship between crown and root in terms of morphology - dimensions and crown-root angles -to be used for orthodontic set-ups without the use of radiological examinations. MATERIAL AND METHODS All the good quality CBCTs of patients obeying the eligibility criteria, from 2000 to 2015, were analysed. All teeth were analysed except for third molars. Six variables were evaluated: crown (CL) and root length (RL), crown width (CW), root width (RW), crown-root angles in both the frontal (CR-frontal) and sagittal plane (CR-sagittal). All teeth were divided into 3 groups according to number of root (single, two, three-rooted). The measurements were assessed with the Invivo professional software and then, subjected to correlation matrices and linear regression statistical analysis in order to find any significant correlations between crown and root measurements (α≤0.05). RESULTS Seventy-three out of 247 good quality CBCTs were assessed. Correlation matrices statistical analysis showed linear correlations for some variables investigated, especially for CW/RW pairing in all subgroups (r=0.81, r=0.70 and r=0.58 respectively for single-, two- and three-rooted) and CL/RL in the single-rooted subgroup (r=0.29). Subsequent linear regression analysis allowed to obtain information about roots starting from crown measurements by means of equations [RW=0.76+(0.73×CW) and RL=10.94+(0.25×CL) for single-rooted teeth; RL=1.11+(0.73×CW) and RW=0.99+(0.76×CW), respectively for single- and two-rooted teeth]. No linear correlation was found between crown measurements and C-R angular values. CONCLUSION It is possible to obtain root information starting from some crown measurements but these do not fulfil the need of minimal information to guarantee a perfect root position starting from that of crown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Palone
- Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mannelli
- Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Elena Gobbi
- Private Practice, Falconara M.ma, 60015 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Cremonini
- Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Lombardo
- Postgraduate School of Orthodontics, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Arora A, Desai K, Kapoor S, Gajera S. Endodontic management of an aberrant germinated composite odontome: A case report. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:684-689. [PMID: 37792419 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
To describe the endodontic treatment of a germinated composite odontome with atypical internal anatomy. A 35-year-old male presented with pain in the left mandibular second molar region. Intraoral examination and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) revealed a rare case of a germinated composite odontome with a 3-2-1 Vertucci configuration in the mesial root. Occlusal morphology and mesial root configuration required modifications in methods of isolation and access cavity preparation. Contemporary tools like magnification, ultrasonics and controlled memory rotary files were essential for executing the treatment plan. The tooth was functional at 18 months follow up and radiographs revealed no abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Arora
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, India
| | - Kavina Desai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, India
| | - Sonali Kapoor
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, India
| | - Seema Gajera
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, India
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Srivastava S, Aldakhail NS, Javed MQ. Morphometric relationships in mesio-buccal roots of maxillary first molars in Saudi subpopulation: A CBCT study. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:614-622. [PMID: 37665125 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
This CBCT-based study analysed morphometric relationships in Mesio-Buccal (MB) roots of maxillary first molars (MFM). 133 MFM with two MB canals were assessed and classified using Vertucci's classification. MB roots' length and MB1-MB2 canals inter-orifice distances (IOD) were noted. The data were analysed using SPSS software. The most frequently present canal was type IV (59.4%) followed by type II (40.6%). Mean MB roots' length for canals exhibiting type IV was 9.26 ± 0.21 mm and of those exhibiting type II was 12.8 ± 0.42 mm. Statistically significant relationship was found between MB root length and canal type. Mean IOD for type II and type IV canals was 2.4 ± 0.47 and 3.8 ± 0.21 mm, respectively. Statistically significant relationship was found between IOD and canal type. Length of MB root and IOD had a significant association with canal type present in MFM. This knowledge can enhance clinicians' understanding of canal morphology which can increase predictability and success rate of endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Srivastava
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Qasim Javed
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Marceliano-Alves MF, Amoroso-Silva P, Alves FRF, Soimu G, Provenzano JC, Campello AF, Duarte ML, Moreno JO, Sierra-Cristancho A, Calle JT, Rôças IN, Siqueira JF. Multipopulation evaluation of the internal morphology of mandibular first premolars from different South American countries. A micro-computed tomography study. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 156:105809. [PMID: 37832245 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare several anatomical parameters of mandibular first premolars from individuals from different Latin American countries using micro-computed tomography. DESIGN Five hundred extracted mandibular first premolars from Brazilian, Argentinian, Chilean, Colombian, and Ecuadorian individuals were scanned using micro-computed tomography (n = 100 teeth/country). Root canal configurations were classified according to established parameters. Analyses also included: canal volume and surface area, structure model index, distances from the apical foramen to the root apex or the cementoenamel junction, major/minor apical canal diameters, canal orifice shape, and prevalence of ramifications. RESULTS A single root was the most common anatomy in all countries (range, 97%-100%). Vertucci's type-I canal was the most frequent configuration (range, 36%-66%), followed by C-shaped and type-V canals. The oval-shaped canal orifice was the most predominant in all countries (range, 34%-58%), followed by the circular shape (range, 16%-47%). C-shaped canals occurred in all subpopulations (range, 14%-26%), always associated with radicular grooves. Ranges for canal ramifications were as follows: accessory canals, 36%-73%; lateral canals, 4%-12%; and apical delta, 4%-14% of the teeth. Many anatomic parameters differed significantly between countries (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Vertucci's types-I and -V, and C-shaped canals were the most prevalent configurations in the subpopulations investigated. Accessory canals and several complex anatomies were found, with some significantly different frequencies between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Amoroso-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flávio R F Alves
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Iguaçu University (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Giuliana Soimu
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José C Provenzano
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Iguaçu University (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea F Campello
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Iguaçu University (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Jaime O Moreno
- Dental School, Santo Tomás University, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | | | - Isabela N Rôças
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Iguaçu University (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José F Siqueira
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Iguaçu University (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Sen Yavuz B, Yilmaz A, Haznedaroglu E, Sezer B, Okutan AE, Sezgin BI, Ozcelik M, Sezgin GI, Ugurlu F, Mentes A. Retrospective evaluation of traction time for impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors in mixed dentition. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 124:101485. [PMID: 37116703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES This study aimed to contribute to understanding the factors affecting the time of traction treatment of impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors. METHODS This retrospective study included children aged 8 - 11 years with a history of trauma, who applied to the pediatric dentistry clinics of Marmara University, School of Dentistry, between December 2013 and December 2019, and were treated for unilateral impacted dilacerated maxillary upper central incisors. Children's age, sex, digital panoramic radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography, and intraoral photographs were retrieved from electronic dental health records. The effects of children's age, sex, the direction of impacted teeth, distance of the teeth to the top of the alveolar crest, and root dilaceration level on traction time were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test. RESULTS The inverse position of the incisors significantly increased the traction time (P = 0.012). However, the traction time did not differ according to the sex of the children (P = 0.707) or the level of root dilaceration (P = 0.429). No correlation was observed between the traction time and the age of children (P = 0.644) or the distance of the incisors from the top of the alveolar crest (P = 0.397). CONCLUSIONS In cases of the forced eruption of for the impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors, the direction of the teeth should be evaluated when deciding on the treatment plan, as it may affect the treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Sen Yavuz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ahu Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eda Haznedaroglu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berkant Sezer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Alev Eda Okutan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Batin Ilgit Sezgin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mert Ozcelik
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Faysal Ugurlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Mentes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ma H, Liu H, Shen Y. Tooth root injury caused by intermaxillary fixation screw placement. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:5822-5823. [PMID: 37659938 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.08.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - He Liu
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Elfouly D, El-Harouni NM, Ismail HA, El-Bialy T, Ghoneima A. Does maxillary sinus proximity affect molar root resorption during distalization using Invisalign? a CBCT study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:905. [PMID: 37990186 PMCID: PMC10664583 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the correlation between maxillary sinus proximity to root apices of maxillary molars and root resorption during molar distalization using clear aligner therapy (CAT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-eight cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCTs) obtained pre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1) from 19 adult patients (36.68 ± 13.50 years), who underwent maxillary molar distalization using Invisalign® aligners (Align Technology, Inc., San José, CA, USA) with a minimum of 2 mm distalization, were evaluated in this study At least 22 h of aligner wear per day was a main inclusion criterion. Sinus proximity and changes in root lengths were measured for 61 molars (183 roots). Spearman coefficient analysis was used for assessing correlation between sinus proximity and root resorption. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. The reproducibility of measurements was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Spearman coefficient revealed no significant correlation between sinus proximity and molar root resorption for mesiobuccal, distobuccal or palatal roots (p = 0.558, p = 0.334, p = 0.931, respectively). CONCLUSION There was no correlation between maxillary sinus proximity to root apices of maxillary molars and root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Elfouly
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St., P.O. Box 21521, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nadia M El-Harouni
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St., P.O. Box 21521, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Ismail
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion St., P.O. Box 21521, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ahmed Ghoneima
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
- Adjunct Faculty, Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Javed MQ, Srivastava S, Alotaibi BBR, Bhatti UA, Abulhamael AM, Habib SR. A Cone Beam Computed Tomography-Based Investigation of the Frequency and Pattern of Radix Entomolaris in the Saudi Arabian Population. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:2025. [PMID: 38004074 PMCID: PMC10673087 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59112025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: An understanding of the anatomical complexity of teeth is a significant factor for a successful endodontic treatment outcome. The aim of this study was to explore the frequency and pattern of distribution of radix entomolaris (RE) in mandibular first molars (MFMs) of a Saudi Arabian subpopulation using CBCT scans. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at dental clinics of Qassim University from February to May 2023 by evaluating CBCT scans that were previously obtained for diagnostic purposes. Scans of Saudi national patients with bilaterally present MFMs and fully formed root apices were included. Conversely, scans with one/or two missing MFMs, MFMs with incomplete root apices, full- or partial-coverage prosthesis, endodontic treatment, and associated radicular resorption were excluded from study. A total of 303 CBCT scans with 606 bilateral MFMs were analyzed by two calibrated evaluators for the presence of, and type according to Song's typolgy of RE. The data were analyzed using SPPS-24. The descriptive variables were documented as frequencies and percentages. The chi-square test was used to determine the association between the prevalence of RE with the gender, jaw side and age group. Both inter-rater and intra-rater agreements were estimated for detecting and classifying RE using Cohen's kappa test. Results: The sample had 63.7% males and 36.3% females. The prevalence of RE was 6.6%, with Song's type III (57.5%) as the most common variant. Absolute agreement was noted between the raters about the presence of RE and very strong agreement was noted for the classification of the RE. Conclusions: RE is an uncommon finding among the mandibular first molars of the Saudi population without any gender and quadrant predilection. The clinicians' knowledge of the presence and Song's type of RE may contribute towards the enhancement of endodontic treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qasim Javed
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, P.O. Box 1162, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (B.B.R.A.)
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, P.O. Box 1162, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (B.B.R.A.)
| | - Badi Baen Rashed Alotaibi
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, P.O. Box 1162, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (B.B.R.A.)
| | - Usman Anwer Bhatti
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Ayman M. Abulhamael
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Rashid Habib
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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Karkhaneh M, Karkehabadi H, Alafchi B, Shokri A. Association of root morphology of mandibular second molars on panoramic-like and axial views of cone-beam computed tomography. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:856. [PMID: 37957637 PMCID: PMC10641985 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about the anatomy and morphology of the root canal system is essential for successful surgical and non-surgical root canal treatments. However, precise assessment of the root morphology and anatomy is not often possible on two-dimensional radiographs. This study aimed to investigate the association of root morphology of mandibular second molars on panoramic-like and axial views of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated 1,231 CBCT scans of mandibular second molars obtained between October 2018 and February 2022 that were retrieved from the archives of a private radiology clinic. Panoramic-like images were reconstructed from the CBCT scans. The root morphology of mandibular second molars was classified on panoramic-like images as type 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. The root pattern on axial CBCT images was classified into three types of single, double and C-shaped. The association of root morphology on panoramic-like and axial CBCT views was analyzed by the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS Of all, 62.7% of mandibular second molars were type 1; out of which, 97.3% had a double-root pattern on axial CBCT images. Also, 28.6% of them were type 2; of which, 92.6% had a double-root pattern. Moreover, 3.9% were type 3; of which, 47.9% had a C-shaped pattern; 0.9% were type 4, and 45.5% of them showed a single-root pattern; 3.8% were type 5 with 76.6% of them showing a single-root pattern. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was higher in females, and most C-shaped canals had a C3 pattern. CONCLUSION Root morphology on panoramic-like CBCT views had a strong association with the root canal pattern on axial CBCT views. According to the results, mandibular second molars with a type 3 morphology on panoramic-like CBCT images are highly probable to have a C-shaped canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Karkhaneh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Behnaz Alafchi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Shokri
- Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Jiang X, Liu H. Analysis of the achievement of primary and secondary goals and influencing factors in single-rooted immature permanent teeth after regenerative endodontic procedures: a retrospective study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:851. [PMID: 37951858 PMCID: PMC10640728 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the achievement of primary and secondary goals and factors influencing their achievement in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) for immature permanent teeth. METHODS Dental records of all patients who received REPs for immature permanent teeth at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology between January 2012 and January 2023 were retrieved. The evaluation of the primary goal was based on medical and radiographic records. The achievement of the primary goal was defined as the absence of clinical signs and symptoms, such as pain, swelling, or sinus tract and the absence of periapical radiolucency, as assessed on postoperative periapical radiographs. The achievement of secondary goal represented increased root wall thickness and/or increased root length, that is, continued root development. Periapical radiographs before and after treatment were used to evaluate the achievement of the secondary goal. The secondary goal was required to be achieved alongside the achievement of primary goal. RESULTS A total of 436 teeth (136 anterior and 300 posterior teeth) were included in this study, 96.1% of which demonstrated achievement of the primary goal. Signs of failure (17 teeth) included crown fracture and uncontrolled and recurrent periapical lesions. In addition, 77.8% of teeth demonstrated achievement of the secondary goal, and more than half of the teeth exhibited a complete root development. Evaluation factors included patients' age, sex, tooth type, etiology, preoperative periapical lesion, duration of clinical signs and symptoms, follow-up period, and stage of root development. The achievement of the primary and secondary goals were significantly related to age and tooth type (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Children with a younger initial visit age are more likely to achieve primary and secondary goals. Additionally, posterior teeth had an advantage over anterior teeth in achieving primary and secondary goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
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Rodrigues DM, Petersen RL, Montez C, de Moraes JR, Ferreira V, Barboza EP. The relationship between tomographic sagittal root position of maxillary anterior teeth and the bone housing. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:705-714. [PMID: 35012769 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM In a prosthetically driven treatment plan, the tomographic sagittal root position in relation to the bone housing is an important factor in the decision-making process for immediate implant placement. However, other important parameters must be considered in the bone housing of each tooth, including the alveolar ridge dimensions, the buccal and the palatal bone thickness, and the root dimensions. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the relationship between the sagittal root position of maxillary anterior teeth and the bone housing. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 420 maxillary anterior teeth were analyzed in 70 participants. The tomographic scans were classified as sagittal root position classes I, II, III, and IV. Measurements included buccal and palatal bone thickness, alveolar ridge height, alveolar ridge width, apical bone height, root length, and root width. The Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc tests were used to determine statistically significant differences (α=0.05). RESULTS The sagittal root position distribution was 65.2%, 9.3%, 0.7%, and 24.8% for classes I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Bone housing measurements were significantly different in relation to the 4 sagittal root position classes (P<.05), except for alveolar ridge height. Post hoc analysis showed that, in class I, buccal bone thickness and alveolar bone height were significantly low, whereas root length and palatal bone thickness were high. The higher buccal bone thickness was found in class II, and lower alveolar ridge width and palatal bone thickness in class IV. These measurements in tooth groups were also significantly different over the sagittal root position classes (P<.05). The buccal bone thickness, palatal bone thickness, and alveolar ridge width presented different levels of correlation with alveolar ridge width over the sagittal root position classes. The buccal bone thickness and palatal bone thickness were weakly correlated in class I (r=0.163) and IV (r=0.222). CONCLUSIONS Bone housing measurements were significantly different in relation to the sagittal root position of maxillary anterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo L Petersen
- Radiologist, Petersen Diagnostic Imaging Center, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caroline Montez
- Student, Graduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R de Moraes
- Professor, Department of Statistics, Institute of Statistics and Mathematics, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Ferreira
- Student, Post Graduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane Porto Barboza
- Professor of Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Liu JN, He YX, Jia XT, Huang R, Zeng N, Fan XC, Huang XF. Feasibility of mini-implant insertion between mesial and distal buccal roots of a maxillary first molar: A cone-beam computed tomography imaging study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 164:665-673. [PMID: 37318427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mini-implant insertion in the maxillary posterior region can be influenced by anatomic limitations, thus increasing the failure rate. We explored the feasibility of a new implantation site: the region between the mesial and distal buccal roots of the maxillary first molar. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomography data from 177 patients were collected from a database. The maxillary first molars were morphologically classified by analyzing the angle and morphology of the mesial and distal buccal roots. Next, 77 subjects were randomly selected from the 177 patients to measure and analyze the hard-tissue morphology in the maxillary posterior region. RESULTS We devised the Morphological Classification on the Mesial and Distal Buccal Roots of Maxillary First Molar (MCBRMM), divided into 3 types: MCBRMM-I, II, and III. In all subjects, MCBRMM-I, II, and III accounted for 43%, 25%, and 32%, respectively. At 8 mm from the mesial cementoenamel junction of maxillary first molars, the interradicular distance between the maxillary first molar's mesiodistal buccal roots of MCBRMM-I was 2.6 mm, showing an upward trend from the cementoenamel junction to the apex. The distance from the buccal bone cortex to the palatal root was >9 mm. The buccal cortical thickness was >1 mm. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a potential site for mini-implant insertion in the maxillary posterior region: the alveolar bone of maxillary first molars in MCBRMM-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Nan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Xue He
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ting Jia
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zeng
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Jensen ED, Smart G, Lee N, Tan J, Oliver K, Ha WN, Ranjitkar S. Prevalence and morphological features of molar-root incisor malformation in children attending a specialist paediatric dental unit. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:543-552. [PMID: 36826376 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar-root incisor malformation (MRIM) is a rare dental anomaly featuring constricted cervical margins and tapered, narrow root and pulp morphology, often associated with severe toothache and infection. AIM The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MRIM in children seen in a specialist paediatric dental unit of a tertiary referral hospital and to describe the characteristics of affected individuals. DESIGN This study was an audit of children attending from November 2020 to November 2021. Radiographs were used to identify individuals with MRIM, and clinical data were collated. In addition, histology and microcomputed tomography (microCT) imaging were performed on teeth extracted from an affected individual. RESULTS The prevalence of MRIM was five cases of 1054 children examined (0.47% or 1:210). The permanent first molars were affected in all five children and the primary second molars in two children; all children had medical comorbidities and multiple exposures to general anesthesia before 4 years of age. In addition, histological and microCT analyses displayed numerous microchannels connecting the pulp chamber to the external surface of the tooth at the furcation. CONCLUSIONS Molar-root incisor malformation is an uncommon dental anomaly affecting paediatric patients with multiple comorbidities and is characterized by porosities extending from the pulp chamber to the external tooth surface, predisposing the risk of bacterial ingress from the oral cavity into the pulp chamber. Early detection may prevent atypical odontogenic facial pain and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija D Jensen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Smart
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nara Lee
- SA Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jenny Tan
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kelly Oliver
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - William N Ha
- Department of Endodontics, Sydney Dental School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarbin Ranjitkar
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Tian X, Qiao J, Guo N, Liu K, Li K. CBCT imaging and root canal treatment for taurodontism in mandibular second molar - A case report and literature review. J Radiol Case Rep 2023; 17:1-7. [PMID: 38638554 PMCID: PMC11022752 DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.v17i11.5212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The mandibular second molar exhibits a wide range of intricate root canal variations, which can present challenges and difficulties in achieving successful root canal treatment. This report focuses on two specific cases involving a root canal variation in a typical taurodontism of the mandibular second molar. To provide a comprehensive analysis and illustration of the anatomical structure of intraoral taurodontism and the important considerations for root canal treatment, we utilized advanced imaging techniques such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and a dental microscope. By combining these tools, we were able to gain a deeper understanding of the complex root canal system and make informed decisions during the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufen Tian
- Department of Endodontics, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junxia Qiao
- Department of Endodontics, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keyi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Su S, Liu YM, Zhan LP, Gao SY, He C, Zhang Q, Huang XF. Evaluation of the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography image segmentation of isolated tooth roots based on the dynamic threshold method. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:752. [PMID: 37833773 PMCID: PMC10571368 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurate quantification of the root surface area (RSA) plays a decisive role in the advancement of periodontal, orthodontic, and restorative treatment modalities. In this study, we aimed to develop a dynamic threshold-based computer-aided system for segmentation and calculation of the RSA of isolated teeth on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to assess the accuracy of the measured data. METHOD We selected 24 teeth to be extracted, including single-rooted and multi-rooted teeth, from 22 patients who required tooth extraction. In the experimental group, we scanned 24 isolated teeth using CBCT with a voxel size of 0.3 mm. We designed a computer-aided system based on a personalized dynamic threshold algorithm to automatically segment the roots of 24 isolated teeth in CBCT images and calculate the RSA. In the control group, we employed digital intraoral scanner devices to perform optical scanning on 24 isolated teeth and subsequently manually segmented the roots using 3-matic software to calculate the RSA. We used the paired t-test (P < 0.05) and Bland-Altman plots to analyze the consistency of the two measurement methods. RESULTS The results of the paired t-test showed that there was no significant difference in the RSAs obtained using the dynamic threshold method and the optical scanning image reconstruction (t = 1.005, P = 0.325 > 0.05). As per the Bland-Altman plot, the results were evenly distributed within the region of ± 1.96 standard deviations of the mean, with no increasing or decreasing trends and good consistency. CONCLUSION In this study, we designed a computer-aided root segmentation system based on a personalized dynamic threshold algorithm to automatically segment the roots of isolated teeth in CBCT images with a voxel size of 0.3 mm. We found that the RSA calculated using this approach was highly accurate, and a voxel of 0.3 mm in size could accurately display the surface area data in CBCT images. Overall, our findings in this study provide a foundation for future work on accurate automatic segmentation of tooth roots in full-mouth CBCT images and the computation of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Su
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong 'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yu-Meng Liu
- Department of General surgery, Beijing Huaxin Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100016, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhan
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong 'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Si-Yuan Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong 'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Cai He
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong 'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong 'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong 'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Shekarian M, Majlesi M, Zare Jahromi M. Prevalence of C-shaped canals and three-rooted mandibular molars in the Iranian population by using cone-beam computed tomography. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:906-912. [PMID: 37786348 PMCID: PMC10582229 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of C-shaped canals and three-rooted mandibular molars in the Iranian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study evaluated mandibular teeth on 292 CBCT scans of patients referred to the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. All CBCT scans were obtained with the same three-dimensional CBCT scanner, and sections were reconstructed in all three planes (sagittal, axial, and coronal) with 1 mm slice thickness. A total of 291,402, and 200 first, second, and third molars, respectively, were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26.0). RESULTS Of 291 mandibular first molars, 0.7% were single-rooted, 96.6% were two-rooted, and 2.7% were three-rooted. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was 1.7% in mandibular first molars. Of 402 mandibular second molars, 8.5% were single-rooted, 90.5% were two-rooted, and 1% were three-rooted. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was 2% in mandibular second molars. Of 200 mandibular third molars, 21.5% were single-rooted, 77.5% were two-rooted, and 1% were three-rooted. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was 2% in mandibular third molars. CONCLUSION In the present study, the majority of mandibular molars were two-rooted, and three-rooted mandibular molars were less common. The third and second mandibular molars both had an increased prevalence of C-shaped canals. Mandibular first molars had the highest prevalence of three-rooted molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shekarian
- School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dental Research InstituteIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Masih Majlesi
- School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Maryam Zare Jahromi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
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Hatipoğlu FP, Mağat G, Hatipoğlu Ö, Al-Khatib H, Elatrash AS, Abidin IZ, Kulczyk T, Ahmed Mohamed Alkhawas MB, Buchanan GD, Kopbayeva M, Surendar S, Javed MQ, Madfa AA, Bürklein S, Mimica S, Bhatti UA, Maratovna TI, Palma PJ, Brochado Martins JF. Assessment of the Prevalence of Radix Entomolaris and Distolingual Canal in Mandibular First Molars in 15 Countries: A Multinational Cross-sectional Study with Meta-analysis. J Endod 2023; 49:1308-1318. [PMID: 37393948 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was two-folded: i) to assess the prevalence of Distolingual Canal (DLC) and Radix Entomolaris (RE) in Mandibular First Molars (M1Ms), using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images and ii) to assess the impact of sociodemographic factors on the prevalence of these conditions worldwide. METHODS CBCT images were scanned retrospectively and the ones including bilateral M1Ms were included in the study. The evaluation was performed by 1 researcher in each country, trained with CBCT technology. A written and video instruction program explaining the protocol to be followed step-by-step was provided to all observers to calibrate them. The CBCT imaging screening procedure consisted of evaluating axial sections from coronal to apical. The presence of DLC and RE in M1Ms (yes/no) was identified and recorded. RESULTS Six thousand three hundred four CBCTs, representing 12,608 M1Ms, were evaluated. A significant difference was found between countries regarding the prevalence of both RE and DLC (P < .05). The prevalence of DLC ranged from 3% to 50%, and the overall prevalence was 22% (95% CI: 15%-29%). RE prevalence ranged from 0% to 12%, and the overall prevalence was 3% (95% CI: 2%-5%). There were no significant differences between left and right M1Ms or between genders for either DLC or RE (P > .05). CONCLUSION The overall prevalence of RE and DLC in M1Ms was 3% and 22%. Additionally, both RE and DLC showed substantial bilaterally. These variations should be considered by endodontic clinicians during endodontic procedures in order to avoid potential complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Güldane Mağat
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Radiology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ömer Hatipoğlu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | | | - Anas S Elatrash
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Libyan International Medical University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Imran Zainal Abidin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tomasz Kulczyk
- Department of Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Glynn Dale Buchanan
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Sugumaran Surendar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muhammad Qasim Javed
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences and Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Madfa
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia; Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Sebastian Bürklein
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Mimica
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Usman Anwer Bhatti
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Paulo J Palma
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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