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Mansour MM, Moussa SM, Meheissen MA, Aboelseoud MR. Bacterial sealing ability of calcium silicate-based sealer for endodontic surgery: an in-vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:584. [PMID: 38773504 PMCID: PMC11107006 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apical surgery with standard retrograde maneuvers may be challenging in certain cases. Simplifying apical surgery to reduce operating time and streamline retrograde manipulation is an emerging need in clinical endodontics. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to compare the bacterial sealing ability of a calcium silicate-based sealer with the single cone technique combined with root end resection only, and calcium silicate-based sealer as a retrograde filling versus MTA retrofilling, and to analyze bacterial viability using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro experimental study, 50 extracted human maxillary incisor teeth were instrumented and randomly divided into five groups: three experimental groups, a positive control group, and a negative control group (n = 10/group). In the experimental groups, the roots were obturated using the single cone technique (SCT) and a calcium silicate-based sealer. In group 1, the roots were resected 3 mm from the apex with no further retrograde preparation or filling. In groups 2 and 3, the roots were resected, retroprepared, and retrofilled with either a calcium silicate-based sealer or MTA, respectively. Group 4 (positive control) was filled with a single gutta-percha cone without any sealer. In group 5 (negative control), the canals were left empty, and the roots were sealed with wax and nail varnish. A bacterial leakage model using Enterococcus faecalis was employed to assess the sealing ability over a 30-day period, checking for turbidity and analyzing colony forming units (CFUs) per milliliter. Five specimens from each group were examined using CLSM for bacterial viability. Data for the bacterial sealing ability were statistically analyzed using chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS The three experimental groups did not show significant differences in terms of bacterial leakage, or bacterial counts (CFUs) (P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed when comparing the experimental groups to the positive control group. Notably, the calcium silicate-based sealer, when used as a retrofilling, yielded the best sealing ability. CLSM imaging revealed viable bacterial penetration in all the positive control group specimens while for the experimental groups, dead bacteria was the prominent feature seen. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that the bacterial sealing ability of calcium silicate-based sealer with the single cone technique combined with root end resection only and calcium silicate-based sealer as a retrograde filling were comparable with MTA retrofilling during endodontic surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Mansour
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt.
| | - Sybel M Moussa
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Meheissen
- DMedical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud R Aboelseoud
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527, Egypt
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Chen Z, Chen N, Yang Y, Fan W. Micro-computed tomographic evaluation on the quality of single-cone obturation using a modified passive-deflation sealer injection needle: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:476. [PMID: 38643094 PMCID: PMC11031986 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to design a modified passive-deflation sealer injection needle and investigate its ability to improve obturation quality of single-cone technique through assessing the distribution of voids in root canals using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight mandibular incisors were divided into eight groups (n = 6), according to the taper of root canal preparation (0.06 or 0.04), the needle used for sealer injection (modified or commercial iRoot SP injection needle), and the obturation method (iRoot SP sealer-only or single-cone obturation). After obturation, each specimen was scanned by micro-CT. The volumetric percentage and distribution of all voids were first analyzed and compared among groups, then the open and closed voids were separately analyzed and compared among single-cone obturation groups. RESULTS Compared to commercial needle groups, modified needle groups showed much less voids, especially in the apical root canal part (P < 0.05). Besides, the modified needle groups produced much less open voids than commercial needle groups despite the root canal taper (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The modified passive deflation sealer injection needle could effectively improve the quality of single-cone obturation through reducing intra-canal voids, especially open voids throughout the root canal, thus might possibly be developed as an effective intra-canal sealer delivering instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Elzanaty TK, Elashiry MM, Mahran AH. Retreatability of NeoSEALER Flo obturated with warm vertical compaction versus single-cone technique using two different retreatment systems. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:286-292. [PMID: 38634031 PMCID: PMC11019814 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_314_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to compare the retreatability of NeoSEALER Flo obturated with warm vertical compaction (WVC) and single-cone (SC) techniques using two different retreatment systems. Materials and Methods Thirty-two root canals were shaped and obturated with NeoSEALER Flo either in an SC obturation technique or a WVC technique. Samples were retreated using ProTaper retreatment or EdgeFile XR retreatment system. The percentage of remaining debris after retreatment was analyzed under a scanning electron microscope using ImageJ software. The time taken to reach full working length (WL) and induce patency was recorded. Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired t-test and a one-way analysis of variance test. Results The percentage of remaining debris after retreatment was significantly higher in the SC technique than in the WVC technique, regardless of the retreatment system used. EdgeFile XR system removed more filling material than the ProTaper retreatment system, regardless of the obturation technique. The apical region showed significantly higher remaining debris than other regions in all groups. The WL and patency were achieved faster in the SC group, while in the WVC group, the EdgeFile XR system was faster. Conclusions The WVC technique showed better retrieval of the filling material; however, a longer time was taken for retreatment. EdgeFile XR system performed better in removing filling materials from inside the canals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed M. Elashiry
- Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Hashem Mahran
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Zheng H, Zhou Z, Li S, Jiang J, Li M, Fu B. Remineralization of Dentin with Cerium Oxide and Its Potential Use for Root Canal Disinfection. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 19:1-17. [PMID: 38179219 PMCID: PMC10763684 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s441060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was to investigate a novel antibacterial biomimetic mineralization strategy for exploring its potential application for root canal disinfection when stabilized cerium oxide was used. Material and Methods A biomimetic mineralization solution (BMS) consisting of cerium nitrate and dextran was prepared. Single-layer collagen fibrils, collagen membranes, demineralized dentin, and root canal system were treated with the BMS for mineralization. The mineralized samples underwent comprehensive characterization using various techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and micro-CT. Additionally, the antimicrobial properties of the BMS and the remineralized dentin were also analyzed with broth microdilution method, live/dead staining, and SEM. Results Cerium ions in the BMS underwent a transformation into cerium oxide nanoparticles, which were deposited in the inter- and intra-fibrillar collagen spaces through a meticulous bottom-up process. XPS analysis disclosed the presence of both Ce (III) and Ce (IV) of the generated cerium oxides. A comprehensive examination utilizing SEM and micro-CT identified the presence of cerium oxide nanoparticles deposited within the dentinal tubules and lateral canals of the root canal system. The BMS and remineralized dentin exhibited substantial antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis, as substantiated by assessments involving the broth dilution method and live/dead staining technique. The SEM findings revealed the cell morphological changes of deceased E. faecalis. Conclusion This study successfully demonstrated antibacterial biomimetic mineralization as well as sealing dentinal tubules and lateral branches of root canals using cerium nitrate and dextran. This novel biomimetic mineralization could be used as an alternative strategy for root canal disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlin Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihuai Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jimin Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baiping Fu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Pedullà E, Iacono F, Pitrolo M, Barbagallo G, La Rosa GRM, Pirani C. Assessing the impact of obturation techniques, kinematics and irrigation protocols on apical debris extrusion and time required in endodontic retreatment. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:623-630. [PMID: 37667824 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of kinematics and irrigation protocols on the extrusion of apical debris during removal of different obturation techniques. A total of 144 single-rooted teeth were instrumented and obturated with Thermafil+AH Plus, Thermafil+AH Plus Bioceramic and single gutta-percha cone+AH Plus Bioceramic. Samples were divided according to the retreatment kinematics: continuous rotation or Jeni motion. Each sub-group was subjected to conventional irrigation or irrigation activated by EDDY. Extruded debris was collected in Eppendorf tubes, weighted and retreatment time was digitally recorded. Data were analysed with two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Debris extrusion was not significantly different between all groups. EDDY activation system and CanalPro Jeni required significantly longer time compared with other groups to remove Thermafil+AH Plus and single cone+AH Plus Bioceramic. Within current limitations, obturation technique, irrigation protocol and kinematics tested had no influence on apical extrusion debris, while they significantly impacted the retreatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Pedullà
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Martina Pitrolo
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Sfeir G, Bukiet F, Kaloustian MK, Kharouf N, Slimani L, Casel B, Zogheib C. Evaluation of the Impact of Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer Insertion Technique on Root Canal Obturation Quality: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1331. [PMID: 38002455 PMCID: PMC10669346 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium silicate-based sealers have gained in popularity over time due to their physicochemical/biological properties and their possible use with single-cone obturation. The single cone technique is a sealer-based obturation and there is still a knowledge gap regarding the potential impact of the sealer insertion method on the root canal-filling quality. Therefore, the aim of this micro-CT study was to assess the impact of the calcium silicate-based sealer insertion technique on void occurrence and on the sealer extrusion following single-cone obturation. METHODS Thirty-six single-rooted mandibular premolars with one canal were shaped with Reciproc® R25 (VDW, Munich, Germany) then divided randomly into four groups of nine canals, each depending on the TotalFill® BC Sealer insertion technique used with single cone obturation: injection in the coronal two-thirds (group A); injection in the coronal two-thirds followed by direct sonic activation (group B); injection in the coronal two-thirds followed by indirect ultrasonic activation on tweezers (group C); sealer applied only on the master-cone (control group D). Samples were then scanned using micro-CT for voids and sealer extrusion calculation. Data were statistically analyzed using v.26 IBM; Results: No statistically significant differences were noted between the four groups in terms of voids; nevertheless, sonic activation (group B) followed by ultrasonic activation on the tweezers (group C) showed the best results (p = 0.066). Group D showed significantly less sealer extrusion when compared with group C (p = 0.044), with no statistically significant differences between groups D, A and B (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Despite no significant differences observed between the different sealer placement techniques, the use of sonic and ultrasonic activation might be promising to reduce void occurrence. Further investigations are needed to demonstrate the potential benefit of calcium silicate-based sealer activation especially in wide and oval root canals in order to improve the quality of the single-cone obturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Sfeir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 17-5208, Lebanon; (G.S.); (M.K.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Frédéric Bukiet
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 France, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - Marc Krikor Kaloustian
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 17-5208, Lebanon; (G.S.); (M.K.K.); (C.Z.)
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lotfi Slimani
- Plateforme Imageries du Vivant, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Paris, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Baptiste Casel
- Plateforme Imageries du Vivant, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Paris, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Carla Zogheib
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 17-5208, Lebanon; (G.S.); (M.K.K.); (C.Z.)
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Zhang Y, Weng X, Fu Y, Qi X, Pan Y, Zhao Y. CBCT and Micro-CT analysis of the mandibular first premolars with C-shaped canal system in a Chinese population author. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:707. [PMID: 37777733 PMCID: PMC10544188 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to survey the prevalence of C-shaped root canal system in mandibular first premolar in Chinese population by reading Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and to analyze its anatomical characteristics by CBCT and Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). METHODS AND MATERIALS The prevalence and the morphologic features of C-shaped root canal system were evaluated by observing CBCT images of 760 patients (1520 mandibular first premolars). 66 mandibular first premolars with C-shaped root canal system were scanned by Micro-CT. The morphologic features including radicular groove, C-shaped root canal categories in the cross-sections and in the 3D models, accessory and connecting canals, apical foramina and accessory foramina, were analyzed using image software. RESULTS C-shaped root canal system was identified in 16.9% of mandibular first premolars. The minimum mesial wall thickness most commonly occurred at the lingual site (69.7%). Regarding to the cross-sectional classification, the maximum was C2 (41.5%). In the 3D classification, the most common was S (34.8%). Accessory canals were observed in 36.4% of the samples and occurred mostly in the middle and apical regions. 42.4% samples had 1-3 variable connecting canals, and 40.9% samples had only one apical foramen. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of C-shaped root canal system in mandibular first premolars was 16.9% in the Chinese population. The anatomy was very complex and variable, mostly distributed in the middle and apical regions of the root canal. The mesial wall of C-shaped canal was extremely thin on the lingual side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunben Weng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuekai Qi
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihuai Pan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Kadı G, Özlek E, Saed Y. Effect of using calcium-silicate and silicone based root canal sealers in bulk or with main core material on bond strength. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2022; 16:229-233. [PMID: 37560498 PMCID: PMC10407866 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2022.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the push-out bond strength of calcium-silicate and silicone based root canal sealers in bulk and with main cone. Methods Roots (n=48) randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12) according to the obturation protocol; (1) iRoot SP in bulk; (2) iRoot SP with gutta-percha; (3) GuttaFlow Bioseal in bulk; (4) GuttaFlow Bioseal with gutta-percha. Six horizontal sections were obtained from each root (n=72). Effect of sealers on bond strength was statistically significant (P<0.05). Results Highest mean value was obtained in iRoot-Bulk group and lowest in GuttaFlow Bioseal-GP group. Both iRoot SP groups had significantly higher bond strength values than both GuttaFlow Bioseal groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between iRoot-GP and iRoot-Bulk groups (P=0.603) also GuttaFlow Bioseal-GP and GuttaFlow Bioseal-Bulk groups (P=0.684). Conclusion Based on findings, using calcium silicate-based sealer in bulk can be also suitable in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Kadı
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Altınbas University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Özlek
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Yousef Saed
- Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Angerame D, De Biasi M, Lenhardt M, Porrelli D, Bevilacqua L, Generali L, La Rosa GRM, Pedullà E. Root-end resection with or without retrograde obturation after orthograde filling with two techniques: A micro-CT study. AUST ENDOD J 2022; 48:423-430. [PMID: 35665570 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the filling ability of two orthograde obturation techniques followed by the apical resection with or without retrograde obturation through micro-computed tomography (CT). Thirty-two single-rooted permanent teeth were prepared and randomised into four groups (n = 8) according to the orthograde obturation technique (single cone technique [SCT] and mineral trioxide aggregate placement) combined or not with retrograde obturation. The volume of voids (VoV) within the entire endodontic space, the apical 3 mm, and 1 mm after root resection was calculated by micro-CT. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference among the groups regarding the total VoV in all root canals, as well as within the apical 1 mm after root resection. The SCT and apical resection without retrograde filling showed significantly better results in terms of VoV at the apical 3 mm after root resection. Within the study limitations, SCT associated with apical resection without retrograde preparation exhibited a similar or less amount of voids than the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Angerame
- Clinical Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Lenhardt
- Clinical Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Porrelli
- Clinical Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bevilacqua
- Clinical Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Generali
- Endodontic Section, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance (CHIMOMO), School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eugenio Pedullà
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Marques Ferreira M, Martinho JP, Duarte I, Mendonça D, Craveiro AC, Botelho MF, Carrilho E, Miguel Marto C, Coelho A, Paula A, Paulo S, Chichorro N, Abrantes AM. Evaluation of the Sealing Ability and Bond Strength of Two Endodontic Root Canal Sealers: An In Vitro Study. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:201. [PMID: 36354646 PMCID: PMC9689282 DOI: 10.3390/dj10110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obturation represents a critical step in endodontic treatment, which relies on a core material and a sealer. This study aims to evaluate the sealing ability and bond strength to the root canal walls of an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH-Plus®, Dentsply Sirona, Johnson City, TN, USA) and a bioceramic sealer (GuttaFlow Bioseal®, Coltène/Whaledent, GmbH + Co. KG, Langenau, Germany). METHODS Thirty-eight maxillary anterior teeth with single roots and identical round sections were separated into two experimental groups according to the root canal sealers used, namely, G1 = AH-Plus® and G2 = GuttaFlow Bioseal®, and two control groups, specifically, G3 = the negative control and G4 = the positive control. The sealing capacity was measured by the penetration of the radioactive isotope 99mTc. For the push-out test, the compressive force test was performed in a universal machine and the force was applied by exerting pressure on the surface of the material to be tested in the apical to the coronal direction and using three test points with different diameters. RESULTS GuttaFlow Bioseal® exhibited superior sealing ability compared to AH-Plus® (p = 0.003). Regarding the bond strength, AH-Plus® provided higher adhesion values than GuttaFlow Bioseal® in the three sections of the tooth root (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS GuttaFlow Bioseal® had significantly better sealing ability than AH-Plus® but lower adhesion values in the three zones of the root canal, with statistically significant differences between the groups. However, it is important to note that for the action of endodontic sealers to be maximized, the root-filling technique must be most appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Marques Ferreira
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Martinho
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Duarte
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Mendonça
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Craveiro
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eunice Carrilho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Miguel Marto
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Coelho
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anabela Paula
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Siri Paulo
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Chichorro
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Onco-Biology (CMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000–354 Coimbra, Portugal
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11
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De-Deus G, Santos GO, Monteiro IZ, Cavalcante DM, Simões-Carvalho M, Belladonna FG, Silva EJNL, Souza EM, Licha R, Zogheib C, Versiani MA. Micro-CT assessment of gap-containing areas along the gutta-percha-sealer interface in oval-shaped canals. Int Endod J 2022; 55:795-807. [PMID: 35383977 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the interfacial adaptation (gap-containing areas) of two root canal sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus) to a conventional gutta-percha (GP) cone (GP-sealer interface) in oval-shaped canals filled using the single cone technique. METHODOLOGY Sixteen teeth with oval-shaped canals were selected, scanned in a micro-computed tomographic device, and pair-matched according to the volume, aspect ratio and configuration of root canals. Root canals were then sequentially prepared with WaveOne Gold Primary and Large instruments, followed by filling with WaveOne Large GP points associated with either the premixed calcium-silicate EndoSequence BC Sealer or the epoxy resin-based AH Plus sealer (n = 8 per group) using the single cone technique. After 7 days stored in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37°C, the specimens were rescanned and the reconstructed images segmented in order to differentiate the filling materials (sealer and GP cone) to the dentine. A total of 453 cross-sectional slices were assessed and categorized according to the presence or absence of gaps at the GP-sealer interface. Mann-Whitney U-test verified the differences between groups and were considered significant at alpha = 5%. RESULTS Gaps were non-homogenously distributed in two-dimensional axial cross-section images and none of the specimens showed completely gap-free areas along the entire GP-sealer interface. Root canals filled with EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus displayed 171 (37.75%) and 136 (30.02%) slices with gaps in the GP-sealer interface and these frequencies were statistically significant (p = .000). CONCLUSIONS Although none of the specimens had a gap-free area along the entire GP-sealer interface, oval canals filled with AH Plus showed less gaps than the ones filled with EndoSequence BC Sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Gustavo O Santos
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erick M Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Raphael Licha
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carla Zogheib
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco A Versiani
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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12
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Moon W, Chung SH, Chang J. Sonic irrigation for removal of calcium hydroxide in the apical root canal: A micro-CT and light-coupled tracking analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268791. [PMID: 35653310 PMCID: PMC9162323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three sonic irrigation systems for removal of calcium hydroxide dressing from the apical root canal. Materials and methods A total of 96 single-rooted teeth in three categories of root canal curvatures (straight: 0–5°, moderate: 6–20°, and severe: > 20°) were allocated to four groups: conventional needle irrigation, EndoActivator, EQ-S, and Vibringe. The root canals were instrumented using Protaper NEXT and filled with calcium hydroxide. After removal of calcium hydroxide, the remaining volume of calcium hydroxide was measured by micro-CT analysis. Data were compared among root canal curvatures and irrigation systems using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test (p < .05). The oscillating range of each irrigation system was measured using light-coupled motion tracking. Results The volumes of calcium hydroxide remaining in the canals with severe curvature were significantly higher than in those of straight curvature (p < .05). In the canals of moderate or severe curvature, EQ-S showed the highest removal percentage, followed by EndoActivator, Vibringe, and needle irrigation (p < .05). Light-coupled tracking showed the largest oscillating range in EQ-S (p < .05). Conclusions Sonically activated irrigation systems with a flexible tip can be beneficial for calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing removal in the curved apical canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjoon Moon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hye Chung
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhea Chang
- National Dental Care Center for Persons with Special Needs, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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13
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The Effect of Sealer Application Methods on Voids Volume after Aging of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study. Tomography 2022; 8:778-788. [PMID: 35314641 PMCID: PMC8938853 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During obturation, air voids are undesirable as they may provide shelter for microorganisms or passage for fluids. This study aimed to compare the occurrence of voids between three calcium silicate-based sealers (CSBSs) (MTA-Fillapex, BioRoot-RCS, Bio-C) and the change in their volume after aging. In addition, we aimed to compare voids when using two sealer application methods: lentulo-spiral (LS) and gutta-percha (GP) cone. Thirty extracted mandibular premolars (n = 30) were endodontically prepared and obturated using single GP cone (SGPC) technique. Each sealer was applied to 10 teeth (n = 10) using LS or GP. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to quantify the volume of root filling and voids before and after 8-week storage in a phosphate-rich medium. The percentage of root filling and voids were compared between the groups using a Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test with a Bonferroni correction. Before aging, the percentages of root filling volume after obturation were comparable with no significant differences between sealers (p = 0.325) or application methods (p = 0.950). After aging, the voids’ volume increased significantly in all sealers (p ≤ 0.05). However, no significant differences were found between sealers (p = 0.302). In conclusion, voids in CSBSs may not reduce in size with aging; hence, SGPC should be carefully selected for suitable cases.
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14
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De-Deus G, Souza EM, Silva EJNL, Belladonna FG, Simões-Carvalho M, Moreira Cavalcante D, Versiani MA. A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study root canal fillings. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 2:384-445. [PMID: 35226760 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Canal filling materials and techniques have been one of the most studied topics in Endodontics. A simple search using the mesh term "root canal filling" in PubMed revealed more than 11,000 articles, an impressive number that is much higher than "root canal disinfection" (5,544 articles) or even the popular "root canal preparation" (8,527 articles). The overriding importance attributed to root filling procedures is not merely intuitive. It derived from the appealing relevance given by the appearance of the white lines in common radiographs grounded on retrospective clinical data that had identified the quality of a root filling as one of the major causes of treatment failure (lack of healing). Since the publication of the Washington study, impressive efforts have been made for the release of new materials and techniques, as well as, for the development of a plethora of laboratory methods to assess the quality of root filling procedures. This narrative review aims to address and discuss the most relevant laboratory methods to assess the root canal filling. Since filling quality improvements have not translated into higher success rates, as reported in longitudinal clinical studies, more than to deliver a simple methodology-based review, this paper aims to present an in-depth critical view on the assessment of laboratory methods used to study the filling materials and techniques. Recent data indicate that the long-term dimensional stability/degradation over time of endodontic sealers plays a central role in the treatment outcome. In this context, laboratory methods should be developed focusing on predicting, at least to some degree, the long-term clinical behaviour of root canal fillings, rather than simply ranking different materials or techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erick Miranda Souza
- Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Simões-Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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15
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You Y, Ye W. [Comparison of three rotary file systems for removal of Enterococcus faecalis from infected root canals]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1260-1264. [PMID: 34549719 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.08.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of a novel rotary file system (EZ Pass) with two well-established rotary file systems(ProTaper Gold and ProTaper Next)for removal of Enterococcus faecalis from infected root canals in extracted maxillary central incisors. METHODS Models of root canal infection with Enterococcus faecalis were constructed in 51 extracted singlerooted maxillary central incisors.One of the incisor model with infected root canal was demineralized, sectioned, and stained with Brown & Brenn technique for microscopic observation; The remaining 50 models were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=10) for treatment with EZ Pass, ProTaper Gold, ProTaper Next, 0.9% NaCl or 2% NaOCl.Samples were collected from the infected root canals before and after the treatments to assess the percent reduction and logarithmic reduction value of CFU in the root canals. RESULTS The incisors with root canal infection by Enterococcus faecalis showed obvious biofilms on the surface of the root canals and massive bacterial invasion deep into the dentinal tubules, with a maximum invasion depth of about 475 μm.The percent reduction of the CFU did not differ significantly after treatments with EZ Pass, ProTaper Gold, ProTaper Next and 2% NaOCl (P > 0.05), but all these treatments resulted in significantly greater reduction than 0.9% NaCl (P < 0.01).The logarithmic reduction of CFU were comparable after treatments with EZ Pass (1.47±0.12), ProTaper Gold (1.74±0.14) and ProTaper Next (1.63±0.17;P > 0.05). CONCLUSION EZ Pass can significantly reduce the bacterial load in infected root canals with an equivalent bacterial elimination capacity to ProTaper Gold and ProTaper Next.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y You
- Department of Stomatology, Longhua People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518109, China.,School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - W Ye
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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16
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Long-term porosity and retreatability of oval-shaped canals obturated using two different methods with a novel tricalcium silicate sealer. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1045-1052. [PMID: 34392407 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the percentage volume of voids and gaps in oval-shaped canals obturated using two different methods with a tricalcium silicate-based sealer after short- or long-term storage. The long-term effect of storage on the efficiency of removing filling material was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty premolar teeth with oval-shaped canals were instrumented to Reciproc R25 and obturated using single cone obturation (SCO) or warm vertical compaction (WVC) techniques with gutta-percha and HiFlow sealer. The specimens were stored at 100% humidity and 37°C for 2 weeks or 6 months and scanned using micro-computed tomography. Initial retreatment was performed up to a Reciproc R40, and the operating time was recorded. The residual material in the canal received a supplementary procedure using XP-endo Finisher R (XPFR) files. After each retreatment procedure, the specimens were rescanned. RESULTS The percentage volume of voids and gaps in the SCO group was higher than that of the WVC group at both 2 weeks and 6 months (P < 0.05). The percentage volume of the filling material removed after initial retreatment and XPFR cleaning was significantly higher in the 6-month group than in the 2-week groups (P < 0.05). The proportion of the residual material decreased significantly when XPFR files were used, compared to the initial retreatment group (P < 0.05) in both storage times. CONCLUSION The efficiency of retreatment in the oval-shaped canal was closely related to the storage time rather than the filling technique using a tricalcium silicate sealer. The XPFR instrument proved effective in the removal of the remaining materials from the oval-shaped canal. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Obturation of the oval-shaped canal with TSBS using the SCO technique in the coronal area needs to be optimized. The retreatment was less efficacious in freshly filled canals than aged filled canals.
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17
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Sfeir G, Zogheib C, Patel S, Giraud T, Nagendrababu V, Bukiet F. Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Narrative Review and Clinical Perspectives. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143965. [PMID: 34300886 PMCID: PMC8306764 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, calcium silicate-based materials have grown in popularity. As root canal sealers, these formulations have been extensively investigated and compared with conventional sealers, such as zinc oxide-eugenol and epoxy resin-based sealers, in in vitro studies that showed their promising properties, especially their biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, and certain bioactivity. However, the consequence of their higher solubility is a matter of debate and still needs to be clarified, because it may affect their long-term sealing ability. Unlike conventional sealers, those sealers are hydraulic, and their setting is conditioned by the presence of humidity. Current evidence reveals that the properties of calcium silicate-based sealers vary depending on their formulation. To date, only a few short-term investigations addressed the clinical outcome of calcium silicate-based root canal sealers. Their use has been showed to be mainly based on practitioners' clinical habits rather than manufacturers' recommendations or available evidence. However, their particular behavior implies modifications of the clinical protocol used for conventional sealers. This narrative review aimed to discuss the properties of calcium silicate-based sealers and their clinical implications, and to propose rational indications for these sealers based on the current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Sfeir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 17-5208, Lebanon; (G.S.); (C.Z.)
| | - Carla Zogheib
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 17-5208, Lebanon; (G.S.); (C.Z.)
| | - Shanon Patel
- King’s College London Dental Institute, Guy’s Tower, Guy’s Hospital, St. Thomas’ Street, London SE1 9RT, UK;
| | - Thomas Giraud
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Frédéric Bukiet
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, 13288 Marseille, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)6-4395-2183
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18
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Pinto JC, Torres FFE, Lucas-Oliveira E, Bonagamba TJ, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Evaluation of curved root canals filled with a new bioceramic sealer: A microcomputed tomographic study using images with different voxel sizes and segmentation methods. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2960-2967. [PMID: 34184360 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the filling ability of a new premixed bioceramic sealer in comparison with an epoxy resin-based sealer in curved root canals using different segmentation methods and voxel sizes in micro-CT images. Twelve curved mesial roots of mandibular molars with two separated canals were selected. All root canals were prepared by using HyFlex EDM files size 25/.08 and filled by the single cone technique and Bio-C Sealer or AH Plus (n = 12). The samples were scanned by micro-CT at 5 μm. The images were analyzed at 5, 10, and 20 μm for the volumetric analysis of voids in filling. Visual image segmentation was performed by two examiners, and the automatic segmentation was accomplished for comparison. Radiopacity of the sealers was evaluated by radiographic analysis. Data were submitted to the two-way ANOVA and non-paired t tests at a significance level of 5%. AH Plus had the highest radiopacity (p < .05). Root canals filled with AH Plus or Bio-C had similar low percentage of voids (p > .05). There was no difference interobserver, which had similar results to those obtained with automatic segmentation for all voxel sizes evaluated (p > .05). Bio-C Sealer had appropriate filling ability. Visual and automatic segmentation can be applied to micro-CT images with voxel sizes from 5 to 20 μm to evaluate the filling of sealers with adequate radiopacity. Automatic segmentation should be used as a faster method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tito Jose Bonagamba
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Zhang P, Yuan K, Jin Q, Zhao F, Huang Z. Presence of voids after three obturation techniques in band-shaped isthmuses: a micro-computed tomography study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:227. [PMID: 33933066 PMCID: PMC8088625 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the present micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) study was to assess the presence of voids in band-shaped isthmuses obturated using three different filling techniques. Methods Twenty-four artificial molar teeth with a band-shaped isthmus were allocated to three groups (n = 8) for obturation, according to the filling technique: single-cone (SC), continuous wave of condensation (CWC) or lateral condensation (LC). Obturation was performed with gutta-percha (GP) cones and iRoot SP (Innovative Bioceramix, Vancouver, Canada).
Post-filling micro-CT scanning was performed. The percentage of filling materials and void volumes were calculated in the isthmus areas and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results The mean percentage of void volumes and corresponding filling percentages in the isthmus areas after obturation in the SC groups was 22.98 % ± 1.19 %, 77.02 % ± 1.19 %; in the CWC groups 10.46 % ± 2.28 %, 89.54 % ± 2.28 %; and in the LC groups was 13.14 % ± 1.85 %, 86.86 % ± 1.85 %, respectively. Conclusions In band-shaped isthmus area, the obturation quality of CWC was superior to SC and LC techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Keyong Yuan
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Jin
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Fen Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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20
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Pérez-Alfayate R, Mercade M, Algar-Pinilla J, Cisneros-Cabello R, Foschi F, Cohen S. Root Canal Filling Quality Comparison of a Premixed Calcium Silicate Endodontic Sealer and Different Carrier-Based Obturation Systems. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061271. [PMID: 33803893 PMCID: PMC8003317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The number of voids within the root canal obturation is a relevant parameter to describe the quality of the technique, as well as to predict long-term prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of root canal obturation in curved root canals filled with Thermafil, GuttaCore, GuttaFusion and lateral compaction with AH Plus and EndoSequence BC sealer, by means of percentage of gutta-percha and sealer filled area. Methods: 200 curved canals of mandibular molars were divided in five groups (n = 40). Each specimen was evaluated at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. A total of 600 samples were analyzed. Obturation was performed with either Thermafil (TH), GuttaCore (GC), GuttaFusion (GF) or lateral compaction (LC), using AH Plus as sealer. In another group EndoSequence BC sealer (BC) was used. Subgroups (n = 20) were made depending on the use of sonic activation during the placement of the sealer. The percentage of total obturation material was analyzed as an indirect measurement of percentage of voids. Results: GF showed a better performance at the apical level, while GC showed the higher percentage of total obturation at the coronal area. No differences were observed for the activation of sealers in any of the groups. Statistical analysis was performed by using two-way ANOVA. Statistical significance was set at CI: 95% (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Sonic activation of sealers did not show any benefit to avoid the presence of voids within obturation of curved canals. Following the manufacturer recommendations, we found that TH did not show benefits when applied to curved canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Pérez-Alfayate
- Department of Endodontics, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-A.); (J.A.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Montse Mercade
- Department of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Algar-Pinilla
- Department of Endodontics, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-A.); (J.A.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Rafael Cisneros-Cabello
- Department of Endodontics, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28045 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-A.); (J.A.-P.); (R.C.-C.)
| | - Federico Foschi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Guy’s Dental Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
- Peninsula School of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Stephen Cohen
- Stephen Cohen Endodontics Clinic, San Francisco, CA 94108, USA;
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Drukteinis S, Bilvinaite G, Tusas P, Shemesh H, Peciuliene V. Microcomputed Tomographic Assessment of the Single Cone Root Canal Fillings Performed by Undergraduate Student, Postgraduate Student and Specialist Endodontist. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10051080. [PMID: 33807655 PMCID: PMC7961753 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the obturation quality of root canals filled with BioRoot RCS sealer and single gutta-percha point by undergraduate student (US), postgraduate student (PS) and endodontist (ED). Twenty-one plastic models of upper premolars were enlarged with HyFlex EDM instruments to a size 40/0.04 taper and randomly divided into three groups (7 teeth/14 canals per group): US, PS and ED. After the obturation of root canals with BioRoot RCS and one HyFlex EDM size 40 gutta-percha point, plastic models were scanned using micro-computed tomography scanner (µCT) SkyScan 1272 at isotropic resolution of 10 µm. The porosity distribution was evaluated separately for the apical, middle and coronal thirds. The Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with the significance level set at 5% were used for data analysis. The µCT evaluation revealed open pores being the dominant type of porosity in all experimental groups and root canal thirds, with the highest percentage of pores in the apical third of root canal fillings. The quality and homogeneity of single cone root canals fillings remained similar between the groups in the apical and middle thirds (p > 0.05). Significant differences were observed only in the coronal third (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Drukteinis
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.B.); (P.T.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-610-41808
| | - Goda Bilvinaite
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.B.); (P.T.); (V.P.)
| | - Paulius Tusas
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.B.); (P.T.); (V.P.)
| | - Hagay Shemesh
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Gustav Mahlerlaan 3044, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Vytaute Peciuliene
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (G.B.); (P.T.); (V.P.)
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