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Toledano-Osorio M, de Luna-Bertos E, Toledano M, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Ruiz C, Sanz M, Osorio R. NP-12 peptide functionalized nanoparticles counteract the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on cultured osteoblasts. Dent Mater 2024; 40:1296-1304. [PMID: 38871528 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with Tideglusib (TDg, NP-12), and deposited on titanium surfaces, would counteract the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on osteoblasts. METHODS Experimental groups were: (a) Titanium discs (TiD), (b) TiD covered with undoped NPs (Un-NPs) and (c) TiD covered with TDg-doped NPs (TDg-NPs). Human primary osteoblasts were cultured onto these discs, in the presence or absence of bacterial LPS. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT-assay and differentiation by measuring the alkaline phosphatase activity. Mineral nodule formation was assessed by the alizarin red test. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to study the expression of Runx-2, OSX, ALP, OSC, OPG, RANKL, Col-I, BMP-2, BMP-7, TGF-β1, VEGF, TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, and TGF-βR3 genes. Osteoblasts morphology was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni multiple comparisons tests were carried out (p < 0.05). RESULTS TDg-NPs enhanced osteoblasts proliferation. Similarly, this group increased ALP production and mineral nodules formation. TDg-NPs on titanium discs resulted in overexpression of the proliferative genes, OSC and OSX, regardless of LPS activity. In the absence of LPS, TDg-NPs up-regulated Runx2, COL-I, ALP, BMP2 and BMP7 genes. OPG/RANKL gene ratios were increased about 2500 and 4,000-fold by TDg-NPs, when LPS was added or not, respectively. In contact with the TDg-NPs osteoblasts demonstrated an elongated spindle-shaped morphology with extracellular matrix production. SIGNIFICANCE TDg-NPs on titanium discs counteracted the detrimental effect of LPS by preventing the decrease on osteoblasts proliferation and mineralization, and produced an overexpression of proliferative and bone-promoting genes on human primary osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano-Osorio
- Postgraduate Program of Specialization in Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elvira de Luna-Bertos
- Biomedical Group (BIO277). Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Manuel Toledano
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277). Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Parque de Tecnológico de la Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain.
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group. University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raquel Osorio
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain.
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Panahipour L, Sordi MB, Kargarpour Z, Gruber R. TGF-β Signalling Mediates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Enamel Matrix Derivative In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9778. [PMID: 36077174 PMCID: PMC9456059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) prepared from extracted porcine fetal tooth material can support the regrow of periodontal tissues. Previous findings suggest that EMD has anti-inflammatory properties and TGF-β activity in vitro. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD is mediated via TGF-β has not been considered. To this aim, we first established a bioassay to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD. The bioassay was based on the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and proven with primary macrophages where EMD significantly reduced the forced expression of IL-6. We then confirmed the presence of TGF-β1 in EMD by immunoassay and by provoking the Smad2/3 nuclear translocation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Next, we took advantage of the TGF-β receptor type I kinase-inhibitor SB431542 to block the respective signalling pathway. SB431542 reversed the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD and TGF-β in a bioassay when IL-6 and CXCL2 expression was driven by the LPS stimulation of RAW 264.7 macrophages. This central observation was supported by showing that SB431542 reversed the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD using IL-1β and TNF-α-stimulated ST2 bone marrow stromal cells. Together, these findings implicate that the TGF-β activity mediates at least part of the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariane Beatriz Sordi
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zahra Kargarpour
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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Liu Y, Guo L, Li X, Liu S, Du J, Xu J, Hu J, Liu Y. Challenges and tissue engineering strategies of periodontal guided tissue regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:405-419. [PMID: 35838120 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious oral disease with a high prevalence rate in the world, and is a major cause of tooth loss. Nowadays, people have realized that the local microenvironment that includes proteins, cytokines, and extracellular matrix has a key influence on the functions of host immune cells and periodontal ligament stem cells during a chronic infectious disease such as periodontitis. The above pathological process of periodontitis will lead to a defect of periodontal tissues. Through the application of biomaterials, biological agents, and stem cells therapy, guided tissue regeneration (GTR) makes it possible to reconstruct healthy periodontal ligament tissue after local inflammation control. To date, substantial advances have been made in periodontal guided tissue regeneration. However, the process of periodontal remodeling experiences complex microenvironment changes, and currently periodontium regeneration still remains to be a challenging feat. In this review, we summarized the main challenges in each stage of periodontal regeneration, and try to put forward appropriate biomaterial treatment mechanisms or potential tissue engineering strategies that provide a theoretical basis for periodontal tissue engineering regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Siyan Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Jingchao Hu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;
| | - Yi Liu
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction,, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, Beijing , China, 100050;
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Enamel Matrix Derivative Decreases Pyroptosis-Related Genes in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095078. [PMID: 35563469 PMCID: PMC9099857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pyroptosis is a caspase-dependent catabolic process relevant to periodontal disorders for which inflammation is central to the pathophysiology of the disease. Although enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been applied to support periodontal regeneration, its capacity to modulate the expression of pyroptosis-related genes remains unknown. Considering EMD has anti-inflammatory properties and pyroptosis is linked to the activation of the inflammasome in chronic periodontitis, the question arises whether EMD could reduce pyroptosis signalling. Methods: To answer this question, primary macrophages obtained from murine bone marrow and RAW 264.7 macrophages were primed with EMD before being challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cells were then analysed for pyroptosis-signalling components by gene expression analyses, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) immunoassay, and the detection of caspase-1 (CAS1). The release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also detected. Results: We report here that EMD, like the inflammasome (NLRP3) and CAS1 specific inhibitors—MCC950 and Ac-YVAD-cmk, respectively—lowered the LPS-induced expression of NLRP3 in primary macrophages (EMD: p = 0.0232; MCC950: p = 0.0426; Ac-YVAD-cmk: p = 0.0317). EMD further reduced the LPS-induced expression of NLRP3 in RAW 264.7 cells (p = 0.0043). There was also a reduction in CAS1 and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 macrophages on the transcriptional level (p = 0.0598; p = 0.0283; respectively), in IL-1β protein release (p = 0.0313), and CAS1 activity. Consistently, EMD, like MCC950 and Ac-YVAD-cmk, diminished the ROS release in activated RAW 264.7 cells. In ST2 murine mesenchymal cells, EMD could not be tested because LPS, saliva, and IL-1β + TNF-α failed to provoke pyroptosis signalling. Conclusion: These findings suggest that EMD is capable of dampening the expression of pyroptosis-related genes in macrophages.
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Efficiency of Hyaluronic Acid in Infrabony Defects: A Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050580. [PMID: 35629997 PMCID: PMC9143907 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the electronic literature about the benefits of using hyaluronic acid (HA) in the surgical periodontal treatment of infrabony defects. Materials and methods: This review was conducted under the PRISMA guidelines. The electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases until February 2022. The inclusion criteria consisted of human clinical trials that reported the use of HA in open-flap debridement (OFD) for infrabony defects. The assessment of risk of bias was performed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager. Results: Overall, three RCTs were found eligible for the statistical analysis. Probing depth (PD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain in the HA test group presented WMs of −1.11 mm (95% CI −2.38 to 0.16 mm; p = 0.09) and −1.38 mm (95% CI −2.26 to −0.49 mm; p = 0.002), respectively. However, the heterogeneity of the RCTs was high, and the risk of bias, in general, was low. Conclusions: The use of hyaluronic acid seems to have beneficial effects in periodontal surgery using OFD, in terms of PD and CAL. To draw a clear conclusion, more adapted and well-designed clinical trials are needed to assess the advantage of this product in comparison with other products.
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Assessment of Changes in the Oral Microbiome That Occur in Dogs with Periodontal Disease. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120291. [PMID: 34941818 PMCID: PMC8707289 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome in dogs is a complex community. Under some circumstances, it contributes to periodontal disease, a prevalent inflammatory disease characterized by a complex interaction between oral microbes and the immune system. Porphyromonas and Tannerella spp. are usually dominant in this disease. How the oral microbiome community is altered in periodontal disease, especially sub-dominant microbial populations is unclear. Moreover, how microbiome functions are altered in this disease has not been studied. In this study, we compared the composition and the predicted functions of the microbiome of the cavity of healthy dogs to those with from periodontal disease. The microbiome of both groups clustered separately, indicating important differences. Periodontal disease resulted in a significant increase in Bacteroidetes and reductions in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Porphyromonas abundance increased 2.7 times in periodontal disease, accompanied by increases in Bacteroides and Fusobacterium. It was predicted that aerobic respiratory processes are decreased in periodontal disease. Enrichment in fermentative processes and anaerobic glycolysis were suggestive of an anaerobic environment, also characterized by higher lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. This study contributes to a better understanding of how periodontal disease modifies the oral microbiome and makes a prediction of the metabolic pathways that contribute to the inflammatory process observed in periodontal disease.
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