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Roley-Roberts ME, Pan X, Bergman R, Tan Y, Hendrix K, deBeus R, Kerson C, Arns M, Ging Jehli NR, Connor S, Schrader C, Arnold LE. For Which Children with ADHD is TBR Neurofeedback Effective? Comorbidity as a Moderator. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2023; 48:179-188. [PMID: 36526924 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-022-09575-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined psychiatric comorbidities moderation of a 2-site double-blind randomized clinical trial of theta/beta-ratio (TBR) neurofeedback (NF) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Seven-to-ten-year-olds with ADHD received either NF (n = 84) or Control (n = 58) for 38 treatments. Outcome was change in parent-/teacher-rated inattention from baseline to end-of-treatment (acute effect), and 13-month-follow-up. Seventy percent had at least one comorbidity: oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (50%), specific phobias (27%), generalized anxiety (23%), separation anxiety (16%). Comorbidities were grouped into anxiety alone (20%), ODD alone (23%), neither (30%), or both (27%). Comorbidity (p = 0.043) moderated acute effect; those with anxiety-alone responded better to Control than to TBR NF (d = - 0.79, CI - 1.55- - 0.04), and the other groups showed a slightly better response to TBR NF than to Control (d = 0.22 ~ 0.31, CI - 0.3-0.98). At 13-months, ODD-alone group responded better to NF than Control (d = 0.74, CI 0.05-1.43). TBR NF is not indicated for ADHD with comorbid anxiety but may benefit ADHD with ODD.Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT02251743, date of registration: 09/17/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Roley-Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Nisonger Center UCEDD, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Creighton University, 7101 Newport Avenue, Suite 203, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA.
| | - Xueliang Pan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel Bergman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Nisonger Center UCEDD, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yubo Tan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyle Hendrix
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Roger deBeus
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia Kerson
- Department of Applied Psychophysiology, Saybrook University, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Applied Psychophysiology Education (APEd), Napa, CA, USA
| | - Martijn Arns
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Deptartment Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Shea Connor
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - Constance Schrader
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Asheville, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - L Eugene Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Nisonger Center UCEDD, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Elwin M, Elvin T, Larsson JO. Symptoms and level of functioning related to comorbidity in children and adolescents with ADHD: a cross-sectional registry study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2020; 14:30. [PMID: 32760444 PMCID: PMC7392687 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-020-00336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that a wide range of psychiatric disorders co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this study we aimed to examine the associations of psychiatric comorbidity in ADHD with symptom severity and level of functioning. METHODS We used data from the Swedish National Quality Registry for ADHD Treatment Follow-up and identified comorbid diagnoses in a sample of 3246 Swedish children and adolescents with ADHD. We investigated the association of comorbidity with symptom severity and level of function by multiple linear regressions. RESULTS Autism spectrum disorder, anxiety and affective disorders, oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder, learning disorders, and multiple comorbid disorders associate to lower levels of functioning compared to ADHD only. Multiple comorbidity, autism spectrum disorder, oppositional defiant or conduct disorders and tic disorders relate to ADHD symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS Comorbidity subgroups with ADHD differ in functional impairment and ADHD symptoms severity. Information on comorbidity profiles could be used for treatment planning more adapted to the individual. Especially those who have autism spectrum disorders and multiple comorbid disorders are at risk of severe ADHD symptoms and low level of functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Elwin
- University Health Care Research Center, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden ,grid.15895.300000 0001 0738 8966Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Tove Elvin
- University Health Care Research Center, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jan-Olov Larsson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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