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Adjeroud M, Kecha M, Escuder-Rodríguez JJ, Becerra M, González-Siso MI. AMWEst, a new thermostable and detergent-tolerant esterase retrieved from the Albian aquifer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:114. [PMID: 38204131 PMCID: PMC10781878 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A fosmid library was constructed with the metagenomic DNA from the high-temperature sediment-rich water of the Albian aquifer (Algeria). Functional screening of this library was subsequently done looking for genes encoding lipolytic enzymes. We identified a novel gene named AMWEst (1209 base pairs) encoding a protein of 402 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 43.44 kDa and conferring esterase activity. AMWEst was successfully overexpressed in the yeast mesophilic host Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the expression system used proved to be efficient and produced sufficient activity for its biochemical characterization. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that AMWEst contained a conserved pentapeptide motif (Gly120-His121-Ser122-Gln123-Gly124). The optimum pH and temperature of the recombinant esterase AMWEst were 8 and 80 °C, respectively. Additionally, AMWEst showed higher activity towards short carbon substrates and showed maximum activity for p-nitrophenyl hexanoate (C6). Notably, AMWEst has a remarkable thermostability, and the enzyme retains almost maximum activity at 70 °C after incubation for 1 h. Moreover, enzyme activity was enhanced by high concentrations of SDS and Triton X-100 detergents. KEY POINTS: • A novel thermostable esterase has been retrieved through functional metagenomics • The esterase is detergent-tolerant, which is attractive for some applications • The esterase can be expressed in a yeast mesophilic host to enhance its yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moussa Adjeroud
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, Département de Biologie Appliquée, de Biotechnologie Et de L'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Université Des Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
- University of A Coruña, Grupo EXPRELA, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mouloud Kecha
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté Des Sciences de La Nature Et de La Vie, Département de Microbiologie, Université de Bejaia, Campus Targa Ouzemmour, 6000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Juan-José Escuder-Rodríguez
- University of A Coruña, Grupo EXPRELA, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel Becerra
- University of A Coruña, Grupo EXPRELA, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), A Coruña, Spain.
| | - María-Isabel González-Siso
- University of A Coruña, Grupo EXPRELA, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía (CICA), A Coruña, Spain.
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2
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Fang J, An L, Yu J, Ma J, Zhou R, Wang B. Characterization of a novel carboxylesterase from Streptomyces lividans TK24 and site-directed mutagenesis for its thermostability. J Biosci Bioeng 2024:S1389-1723(24)00130-0. [PMID: 38871580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
As an industrial enzyme that catalyzes the formation and cleavage of ester bonds, carboxylesterase has attracted attention in fine chemistry, pharmaceutical, biological energy and bioremediation fields. However, the weak thermostability limits their further developments in industrial applications. In this work, a novel carboxylesterase (EstF) from Streptomyces lividans TK24, belonging to family XVII, was acquired by successfully heterologous expressed and biochemically identified. The EstF exhibited optimal activity at 55 °C, pH 9.0 and excellent catalytic performances (Km = 0.263 mM, kcat/Km = 562.3 s-1 mM-1 for p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA2) hydrolysis). Besides, the EstF presented exceptionally high thermostability with a half-life of 387.23 h at 55 °C and 2.86 h at 100 °C. Furthermore, the EstF was modified to obtain EstFP144G using the site-directed mutation technique to investigate the effect of single glycine on thermostability. Remarkably, the mutant EstFP144G displayed a 5.10-fold increase of half-life at 100 °C versus wild-type without affecting catalytic performance. Structural analysis implied that the glycine introduction could release a steric strain and induce cooperative effects between distal residues to increase the thermostability. Therefore, the thermostable EstF and EstFP144G with prominently catalytic characteristics have potential industrial applications and the introduction of a single glycine strategy opens up alternative avenues for the thermostability engineering of other enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Fang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Lihua An
- Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiao Yu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jinxue Ma
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Rongjie Zhou
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Baojuan Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Metabolic Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China; Auhui Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Molecular Detection and Diagnostics, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China.
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3
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Li JY, Liu YF, Zhou L, Gang HZ, Liu JF, Sun GZ, Wang WD, Yang SZ, Mu BZ. Structural Diversity of the Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Produced by a Newly Isolated Strain, Geobacillus thermodenitrifcans ME63. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:22150-22158. [PMID: 37360472 PMCID: PMC10286266 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The genus Geobacillus is active in degradation of hydrocarbons in thermophilic and facultative environments since it was first reported in 1920. Here, we report a new strain, Geobacillus thermodenitrificans ME63, isolated from an oilfield with the ability of producing the biosurfactant. The composition, chemical structure, and surface activity of the biosurfactant produced by G. thermodenitrificans ME63 were investigated by using a combination of the high-performance liquid chromatography, time-of-flight ion mass spectrometry, and surface tensiometer. The biosurfactant produced by strain ME63 was identified as surfactin with six variants, which is one of the representative family of lipopeptide biosurfactants. The amino acid residue sequence in the peptide of this surfactin is N-Glu → Leu → Leu → Val → Leu → Asp → Leu-C. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactin is 55 mg L-1, and the surface tension at CMC is 35.9 mN m-1, which is promising in bioremediation and oil recovery industries. The surface activity and emulsification properties of biosurfactants produced by G. thermodenitrificans ME63 showed excellent resistance to temperature changes, salinity changes, and pH changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering
Research Center of MEOR, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering
Research Center of MEOR, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hong-Ze Gang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering
Research Center of MEOR, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin-Feng Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Daqing
Huali Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163511, China
| | - Gang-Zheng Sun
- Research
Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Dongying 257088, China
| | - Wei-Dong Wang
- Research
Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Dongying 257088, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering
Research Center of MEOR, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo-Zhong Mu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering
Research Center of MEOR, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Kikani B, Patel R, Thumar J, Bhatt H, Rathore DS, Koladiya GA, Singh SP. Solvent tolerant enzymes in extremophiles: Adaptations and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124051. [PMID: 36933597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-aqueous enzymology has always drawn attention due to the wide range of unique possibilities in biocatalysis. In general, the enzymes do not or insignificantly catalyze substrate in the presence of solvents. This is due to the interfering interactions of the solvents between enzyme and water molecules at the interface. Therefore, information about solvent-stable enzymes is scarce. Yet, solvent-stable enzymes prove quite valuable in the present day biotechnology. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrates in solvents synthesizes commercially valuable products, such as peptides, esters, and other transesterification products. Extremophiles, the most valuable yet not extensively explored candidates, can be an excellent source to investigate this avenue. Due to inherent structural attributes, many extremozymes can catalyze and maintain stability in organic solvents. In the present review, we aim to consolidate information about the solvent-stable enzymes from various extremophilic microorganisms. Further, it would be interesting to learn about the mechanism adapted by these microorganisms to sustain solvent stress. Various approaches to protein engineering are used to enhance catalytic flexibility and stability and broaden biocatalysis's prospects under non-aqueous conditions. It also describes strategies to achieve optimal immobilization with minimum inhibition of the catalysis. The proposed review would significantly aid our understanding of non-aqueous enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavtosh Kikani
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Department of Biological Sciences, P.D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa 388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignasha Thumar
- Government Science College, Gandhinagar 382 016, Gujarat, India
| | - Hitarth Bhatt
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Atmiya University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Dalip Singh Rathore
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Gopi A Koladiya
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
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Choudhary P, Bhowmik A, Verma S, Srivastava S, Chakdar H, Saxena AK. Multi-substrate sequential optimization, characterization and immobilization of lipase produced by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida S7. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:4555-4569. [PMID: 35974269 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipases are important biocatalysts having the third largest global demand after amylases and proteases. In the present study, we have screened 56 potential lipolytic Pseudomonas strains for their lipolytic activity. Pseudomonas plecoglossicida S7 showed highest lipase production with specific activity of 70 U/mg. Statistical optimizations using Plackett Burman design and response surface methodology evaluated fourteen different media supplements including various oilcakes, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and metal ions which led to a 2.23-fold (156.23 U/mg) increase in lipase activity. Further, inoculum size optimization increased the overall lipase activity by 2.81-folds. The lipase was active over a range of 30-50° C with a pH range (7-10). The enzyme was tolerant to various solvents like chloroform, methanol, 1-butanol, acetonitrile, and dichloromethane and retained 60% of its activity in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.5% w/v). The enzyme was immobilized onto Ca-alginate beads which increased thermal (20-60 °C) and pH stability (5-10). The purified enzyme could successfully remove sesame oil stains and degraded upto 25.2% of diesel contaminated soil. These properties of the lipase will help in its applicability in detergent formulations, wastewater treatments, and biodegradation of oil in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prassan Choudhary
- Microbial Technology Unit-II, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, 275103, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Arpan Bhowmik
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shaloo Verma
- Microbial Technology Unit-II, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, 275103, India
| | - Shilpi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Hillol Chakdar
- Microbial Technology Unit-II, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, 275103, India.
| | - Anil Kumar Saxena
- Microbial Technology Unit-II, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, 275103, India
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6
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Johan UUM, Rahman RNZRA, Kamarudin NHA, Latip W, Ali MSM. A new hyper-thermostable carboxylesterase from Anoxybacillus geothermalis D9. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2486-2497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Valorization of Biomasses from Energy Crops for the Discovery of Novel Thermophilic Glycoside Hydrolases through Metagenomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810505. [PMID: 36142415 PMCID: PMC9505709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest for environmentally friendly technologies is driving the transition from fossil-based economy to bioeconomy. A key enabler for circular bioeconomy is to valorize renewable biomasses as feedstock to extract high value-added chemicals. Within this transition the discovery and the use of robust biocatalysts to replace toxic chemical catalysts play a significant role as technology drivers. To meet both the demands, we performed microbial enrichments on two energy crops, used as low-cost feed for extremophilic consortia. A culture-dependent approach coupled to metagenomic analysis led to the discovery of more than 300 glycoside hydrolases and to characterize a new α-glucosidase from an unknown hyperthermophilic archaeon. Aglu1 demonstrated to be the most active archaeal GH31 on 4Np-α-Glc and it showed unexpected specificity vs. kojibiose, revealing to be a promising candidate for biotechnological applications such as the liquefaction/saccharification of starch.
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8
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Liu X, Zhou M, Xing S, Wu T, He H, Bielicki JK, Chen J. Identification and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Hormone-Sensitive Lipase Family Esterase Est19 from the Antarctic Bacterium Pseudomonas sp. E2-15. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1552. [PMID: 34827549 PMCID: PMC8615396 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esterases represent an important class of enzymes with a wide variety of industrial applications. A novel hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) family esterase, Est19, from the Antarctic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. E2-15 is identified, cloned, and expressed. The enzyme possesses a GESAG motif containing an active serine (S) located within a highly conserved catalytic triad of Ser155, Asp253, and His282 residues. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of Est19 for the pNPC6 substrate is 148.68 s-1mM-1 at 40 °C. Replacing Glu154 juxtaposed to the critical catalytic serine with Asp (E154→D substitution) reduced the activity and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme two-fold, with little change in the substrate affinity. The wild-type enzyme retained near complete activity over a temperature range of 10-60 °C, while ~50% of its activity was retained at 0 °C. A phylogenetic analysis suggested that Est19 and its homologs may represent a new subfamily of HSL. The thermal stability and stereo-specificity suggest that the Est19 esterase may be useful for cold and chiral catalyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (X.L.); (S.X.); (T.W.)
| | - Mingyang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (X.L.); (S.X.); (T.W.)
| | - Shu Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (X.L.); (S.X.); (T.W.)
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (X.L.); (S.X.); (T.W.)
| | - Hailun He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | | | - Jianbin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (X.L.); (S.X.); (T.W.)
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Meneses DP, Paixão LMN, Fonteles TV, Gudiña EJ, Rodrigues LR, Fernandes FA, Rodrigues S. Esterase production by Aureobasidium pullulans URM 7059 in stirred tank and airlift bioreactors using residual biodiesel glycerol as substrate. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Wang B, Wu S, Chang X, Chen J, Ma J, Wang P, Zhu G. Characterization of a novel hyper-thermostable and chlorpyrifos-hydrolyzing carboxylesterase EstC: A representative of the new esterase family XIX. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 170:104704. [PMID: 32980065 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases have widely been used in a series of industrial applications, especially, the detoxification of pesticide residues. In the present study, EstC, a novel carboxylesterase from Streptomyces lividans TK24, was successfully heterogeneously expressed, purified and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis showed that EstC can be assigned as the first member of a novel family XIX. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that EstC has highly conserved structural features, including a catalytic triad formed by Ser155, Asp248 and His278, as well as a canonical Gly-His-Ser-Ala-Gly pentapeptide. Biochemical characterization indicated that EstC exhibited maximal activity at pH 9.0 (Tris-HCl buffer) and 55 °C. It also showed higher activity towards short-chain substrates, with the highest activity for p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA2) (Km = 0.31 ± 0.02 mM, kcat/Km = 1923.35 ± 9.62 s-1 mM-1) compared to other pNP esters used in this experiment. Notably, EstC showed hyper-thermostability and good alkali stability. The activity of EstC had no significant changes when it was incubated under 55 °C for 100 h and reached half-life after incubation at 100 °C for 8 h. Beyond that, EstC also showed stability at pH ranging from 6.0 to 11.0 and about 90% residual activity still reserved after treatment at pH 8.0 or 9.0 for 26 h, especially. Furthermore, EstC had outstanding potential for bioremediation of chlorpyrifos-contaminated environment. The recombinant enzyme (0.5 U mL-1) could hydrolyze 79.89% chlorpyrifos (5 mg L-1) at 37 °C within 80 min. These properties will make EstC have a potential application value in various industrial productions and detoxification of chlorpyrifos residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojuan Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Shuang Wu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jinxue Ma
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Guoping Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases and Key Laboratory of Biomedicine in Gene Diseases and Health of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China.
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11
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Akanbi TO, Ji D, Agyei D. Revisiting the scope and applications of food enzymes from extremophiles. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13475. [PMID: 32996180 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms from extreme environments tend to undergo various adaptations due to environmental conditions such as extreme pH, temperature, salinity, heavy metals, and solvents. Thus, they produce enzymes with unique properties and high specificity, making them useful industrially, particularly in the food industries. Despite these enzymes' remarkable properties, only a few instances can be reported for actual exploitation in the food industry. This review's objectives are to highlight the properties of these enzymes and their prospects in the food industry. First, an introduction to extremophilic organisms is presented, followed by the categories and application of food enzymes from extremophiles. Then, the unique structural features of extremozymes are shown. This review also covers the prospective applications of extremozymes in the food industry in a broader sense, including degradation of toxins, deconstruction of polymers into monomers, and catalysis of multistep processes. Finally, the challenges in bioprocessing of extremozymes and applications in food are presented. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Enzymes are important players in food processing and preservation. Extremozymes, by their nature, are ideal for a broad range of food processing applications, particularly those that require process conditions of extreme pH, temperature, and salinity. As the global food industry grows, so too will grow the need to research and develop food products that are diverse, safe, healthy, and nutritious. There is also the need to produce food in a sustainable way that generates less waste or maximizes waste valorization. We anticipate that extremozymes can meet some of the research and development needs of the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo O Akanbi
- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Dawei Ji
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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12
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Spatial Metagenomics of Three Geothermal Sites in Pisciarelli Hot Spring Focusing on the Biochemical Resources of the Microbial Consortia. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174023. [PMID: 32899230 PMCID: PMC7570011 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial hot springs are of great interest to the general public and to scientists alike due to their unique and extreme conditions. These have been sought out by geochemists, astrobiologists, and microbiologists around the globe who are interested in their chemical properties, which provide a strong selective pressure on local microorganisms. Drivers of microbial community composition in these springs include temperature, pH, in-situ chemistry, and biogeography. Microbes in these communities have evolved strategies to thrive in these conditions by converting hot spring chemicals and organic matter into cellular energy. Following our previous metagenomic analysis of Pisciarelli hot springs (Naples, Italy), we report here the comparative metagenomic study of three novel sites, formed in Pisciarelli as result of recent geothermal activity. This study adds comprehensive information about phylogenetic diversity within Pisciarelli hot springs by peeking into possible mechanisms of adaptation to biogeochemical cycles, and high applicative potential of the entire set of genes involved in the carbohydrate metabolism in this environment (CAZome). This site is an excellent model for the study of biodiversity on Earth and biosignature identification, and for the study of the origin and limits of life.
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Mechri S, Bouacem K, Zaraî Jaouadi N, Rekik H, Ben Elhoul M, Omrane Benmrad M, Hacene H, Bejar S, Bouanane-Darenfed A, Jaouadi B. Identification of a novel protease from the thermophilic Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis M1V and its application as laundry detergent additive. Extremophiles 2019; 23:687-706. [PMID: 31407121 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A thermostable extracellular alkaline protease (called SAPA) was produced (4600 U/mL) by Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis M1V, purified to homogeneity, and biochemically characterized. SAPA is a monomer with a molecular mass of 28 kDa estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Native-PAGE, casein-zymography, and size exclusion using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sequence of its NH2-terminal amino-acid residues showed high homology with those of Bacillus proteases. The SAPA irreversible inhibition by diiodopropyl fluorophosphates (DFP) and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) confirmed its belonging to the serine proteases family. Optimal activity of SAPA was at pH 11 and 70 °C. The sapA gene was cloned and expressed in the extracellular fraction of E. coli. The highest sequence identity value (95%) of SAPA was obtained with peptidase S8 from Bacillus subtilis WT 168, but with 16 amino-acids of difference. The biochemical characteristics of the purified recombinant extracellular enzyme (called rSAPA) were analogous to those of native SAPA. Interestingly, rSAPA exhibit a degree of hydrolysis that were 1.24 and 2.6 than SAPB from Bacillus pumilus CBS and subtilisin A from Bacillus licheniformis, respectively. Furthermore, rSAPA showed a high detergent compatibility and an outstanding stain removal capacity compared to commercial enzymes: savinase™ 16L, type EX and alcalase™ Ultra 2.5 L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondes Mechri
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khelifa Bouacem
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LCMB), Microbiology Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene (USTHB), El Alia, P.O. Box 32, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nadia Zaraî Jaouadi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.,Biotech ECOZYM Start-Up, Business Incubator, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Rekik
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.,Biotech ECOZYM Start-Up, Business Incubator, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Ben Elhoul
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.,Biotech ECOZYM Start-Up, Business Incubator, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Maroua Omrane Benmrad
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hocine Hacene
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LCMB), Microbiology Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene (USTHB), El Alia, P.O. Box 32, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Samir Bejar
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.,Biotech ECOZYM Start-Up, Business Incubator, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Bouanane-Darenfed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LCMB), Microbiology Team, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene (USTHB), El Alia, P.O. Box 32, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Bassem Jaouadi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia. .,Biotech ECOZYM Start-Up, Business Incubator, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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