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Zouaghi MO, Bensalah D, Hassen S, Arfaoui Y, Mansour L, Özdemir N, Bülbül H, Gurbuz N, Özdemir I, Hamdi N. Benzimidazole derivatives as a new scaffold of anticancer agents: Synthesis, optical properties, crystal structure and DFT calculations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32905. [PMID: 39022063 PMCID: PMC11252883 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The absolute necessity to fight some class of tumour is perceived as serious health concerns, and the discovery and development of effective anticancer agents are urgently needed. So, the novel benzimidazole derivatives (2a-b) were designed, synthesized, with their structures rigorously characterized using single X-ray crystallography, FT-IR, UV, and NMR spectroscopy, alongside elemental analysis. The geometric structures were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed at the ωB97X-D/cc-pVDZ level, yielding good agreement with experimental XRD data. The studied salt complexes exhibited the ability to absorb UV light at 275 nm. Furthermore, anticancer activity of the compounds was screened against (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HT-29 and healthy cell line (HF)) and revealed the remarkable efficacy of select newly synthesized Benzimidazole derivatives (2a-b). Compound 2a showed relative significant higher cytotoxicity (165.02) in MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line. This underscores their promising potential in therapeutic applications, affirming their role as valuable contenders in the pursuit of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Oussama Zouaghi
- Laboratory of Characterizations, Applications & Modeling of Materials (LR18ES08), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunisia
| | - Donia Bensalah
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09), Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Sabri Hassen
- Laboratory of Characterizations, Applications & Modeling of Materials (LR18ES08), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunisia
| | - Youssef Arfaoui
- Laboratory of Characterizations, Applications & Modeling of Materials (LR18ES08), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Mansour
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Namık Özdemir
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hakan Bülbül
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nevin Gurbuz
- İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
- İnönü University, Catalysis Research and Application Center, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
| | - Ismail Özdemir
- İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
- İnönü University, Catalysis Research and Application Center, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
| | - Naceur Hamdi
- Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies (LR16ES09), Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Wanjari PJ, Rath A, Sathe RY, Bharatam PV. Identification of CYP3A4 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents using pharmacoinformatics approach. J Mol Model 2023; 29:156. [PMID: 37097473 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Biguanide derivatives exhibit a wide variety of therapeutic applications, including anti-cancer effects. Metformin is an effective anti-cancer agent against breast cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. In the crystal structure (PDB ID: 5G5J), it was found that metformin is found in the active site of CYP3A4, and the associated anti-cancer effect was explored. Taking clues from this work, pharmacoinformatics research has been carried out on a series of known and virtual biguanide, guanylthiourea (GTU), and nitreone derivatives. This exercise led to the identification of more than 100 species that exhibit greater binding affinity toward CYP3A4 in comparison to that of metformin. Selected six molecules were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations, and the results are presented in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin J Wanjari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Asutosh Rath
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Y Sathe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar-160062, Punjab, India.
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Shahbazi S, Zakerali T. Methylenedioxy Piperamide-Derived Compound D5 Regulates Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion in a Culture of Human Glial Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113527. [PMID: 35684465 PMCID: PMC9182381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is the cornerstone of most neuronal disorders, particularly neurodegenerative diseases. During the inflammatory process, various pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes—such as interleukin 1-β (IL1-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), inhibitory kappa kinase (IKK), and inducible nitric oxide (NO)—are over-expressed in response to every stimulus. Methods: In the present study, we focused on the anti-neuroinflammatory efficacy of (2E,4E)-N,5-bis(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)penta-2,4-dienamide, encoded D5. We investigated the efficacy of D5 on the upstream and downstream products of inflammatory pathways in CHME3 and SVG cell lines corresponding to human microglia and astrocytes, respectively, using various in silico, in vitro, and in situ techniques. Results: The results showed that D5 significantly reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines by up-regulating PPAR-γ expression and suppressing IKK-β, iNOS, NO production, and NF-κB activation in inflamed astrocytes (SVG) and microglia (CHME3) after 24 h of incubation. The data demonstrated remarkably higher efficacy of D5 compared to ASA (Aspirin) in reducing NF-κB-dependent neuroinflammation. Conclusions: We observed that the functional-group alteration had an extreme influence on the levels of druggability and the immunomodulatory properties of two analogs of piperamide, D5, and D4 ((2E,4E)-5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-N-(4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)penta-2,4-dienamide)). The present study suggested D5 as a potential anti-neuroinflammatory agent for further in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Shahbazi
- BRAINCITY, Neurobiology Lab, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Tara Zakerali
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland;
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Cannabis sativa L. chemical compositions as potential plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase-thymidinesynthase enzyme inhibitors: An in silico study for drug development. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study contributes to anti-malarial research effort by conducting in silico assessment of 125 compounds originated from Cannabis sativa L. against plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase-thymidinesynthase (pfDHFR-TS) enzyme for potential inhibition activity. Drug-like and pharmacokinetic criteria were used to assess the drug-like properties of the studied compounds. AutoDock4.2.6 and AutoDock Vina software were used to calculate the possible binding pose of the studied compounds to pfDHFR-TS enzyme. The docking procedure was validated using two known inhibitors cycloguanil and WR99210. 65 out of 125 compounds violated no more than 2 of Lipinski’s rule of five and were sorted out as favorable for drug development. Amongst these 65 compounds, pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity evaluation identified 60 compounds that meet the criteria of drug-like properties and were subjected to further docking studies. Docking outcomes identified 10 compounds including compounds 4, 9, 19, 22, 23, 25, 30, 42, 43, and 59 as potential candidates for inhibiting the function of pfDHFR-TS at the active site through hydrogen bonds with Ile14, Asp54, and Ile 164 residues. Compound 9 is considered as the top “hit” with docking energy far more exceeding those of the standard compounds. High correlation coefficient between the docking energy of AutoDock4.2.6 and AutoDock Vina was recorded with the value of R
2 = 0.74.
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Iwaloye O, Elekofehinti OO, Kikiowo B, Fadipe TM, Akinjiyan MO, Ariyo EO, Aiyeku OO, Adewumi NA. Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Derived Compounds as Wild Type and Mutant Plasmodium falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors: Induced Fit Docking and ADME Studies. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 18:554-569. [PMID: 32729419 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817999200729122753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a bid to come up with effective compounds as inhibitors for antimalarial treatment, we built a library of 2,000 traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)-derived compounds retrieved from TCM Database@Taiwan. METHODS The active sites of both the wild type and mutant Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolatereductase (pfDHFR) were explored using computational tools. pfDHFR, one of the prime drug targets in the prevention of malaria infection induced by the female anopheles mosquito has continued to offer resistance to drugs (antifolates) due to mutation in some of the key amino acid residues crucial for its inhibition. RESULTS We utilized virtual throughput screening and glide XP docking to screen the compounds, and 8 compounds were found to have promising docking scores with both the wild type and mutant pfDHFR. They were further subjected to Induce Fit Docking (IFD) to affirm their inhibitory potency. The ADME properties and biological activity spectrum of the compounds were also considered. The inhibition profile of the compounds revealed that a number of compounds formed intermolecular interactions with ASP54, ILE14, LEU164, SER108/ASN108, ARG122 and ASP58. Most of the compounds can be considered as drug candidates due to their antiprotozoal activities and accordance with the Lipinski's Rule of Five (ROF). CONCLUSION The outcome of the present study should further be investigated to attest the efficacy of these compounds as better drug candidates than the antifolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti
- Department of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Babatomiwa Kikiowo
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Toyin Mary Fadipe
- Department of Bioscience, International Institute of Agriculture, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Moses Orimoloye Akinjiyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Esther Opeyemi Ariyo
- Department of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi Olapade Aiyeku
- Department of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Nicholas Adeyemi Adewumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Ashraf J, Mughal EU, Alsantali RI, Sadiq A, Jassas RS, Naeem N, Ashraf Z, Nazir Y, Zafar MN, Mumtaz A, Mirzaei M, Saberi S, Ahmed SA. 2-Benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2 H)-ones as a new class of alkaline phosphatase inhibitors: synthesis, SAR analysis, enzyme inhibitory kinetics and computational studies. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35077-35092. [PMID: 35493176 PMCID: PMC9042899 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07379f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The excelling role of organic chemistry in the medicinal field continues to be one of the main leads in the drug development process. Particularly, this industry requires organic chemists to discover small molecular structures with powerful pharmacological potential. Herein, a diverse range of chalcone (1–11) and aurone (12–22) derivatives was designed and synthesized and for the first time, and both motifs were evaluated as potent inhibitors of alkaline phosphatases (APs). Structural identification of the target compounds (1–22) was accomplished using common spectroscopic techniques. The effect of the nature and position of the substituent was interestingly observed and justified based on the detailed structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the target compounds against AP. It was concluded from the obtained results that all the newly synthesized compounds exhibit high inhibitory potential against the AP enzyme. Among them, compounds 12 (IC50 = 2.163 ± 0.048 μM), 15 (IC50 = 2.146 ± 0.056 μM), 16 (IC50 = 2.132 ± 0.034 μM), 18 (IC50 = 1.154 ± 0.043 μM), 20 (IC50 = 1.055 ± 0.029 μM) and 21 (IC50 = 2.326 ± 0.059 μM) exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against AP, and even better/more active than KH2PO4 (standard) (IC50 = 2.80 ± 0.065 μM). Remarkably, compound 20 (IC50 = 1.055 ± 0.029 μM) may serve as a lead structure to design more potent inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase. To the best of our knowledge, these synthetic compounds are the most potent AP inhibitors with minimum IC50 values reported to date. Furthermore, a molecular modeling study was performed against the AP enzyme (1EW2) to check the binding interaction of the synthesized compounds 1–22 against the target protein. The Lineweaver–Burk plots demonstrated that most potential derivative 20 inhibited h-IAP via a non-competitive pathway. Finally, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed to evaluate the dynamic behavior, stability of the protein–ligand complex, and binding affinity of the compounds, resulting in the identification of compound 20 as a potential inhibitor of AP. Accordingly, excellent correlation was observed between the experimental and theoretical results. The pharmacological studies revealed that the synthesized analogs 1–22 obey Lipinski's rule. The assessment of the ADMET parameters showed that these compounds possess considerable lead-like characteristics with low toxicity and can serve as templates in drug design. Aurones are the plant secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoid’s family. The bioactivities of aurones are very promising, thus these heterocyclic compounds can be considered as an alluring scaffold for drug design and development.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshaid Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat-50700 Pakistan
| | | | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University Sialkot-51300 Pakistan
| | - Rabab S Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat-50700 Pakistan
| | - Zaman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad-44000 Pakistan
| | - Yasir Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad-44000 Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, University of Sialkot Sialkot-51300 Pakistan
| | | | - Amara Mumtaz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Pakistan
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad-9177948974 Iran
| | - Satar Saberi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Farhangian University Tehran Iran
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia .,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
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Sharma VK, Kathuria D, Bharatam PV. Identification of selective LdDHFR inhibitors using quantum chemical and molecular modeling approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:8687-8695. [PMID: 33904374 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1915182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Among the various known targets for the treatment of Leishmaniasis, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an essential target which plays an important role in the folate metabolic pathway. In the current study, pharmacoinformatics approaches including quantum chemistry methods, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations have been utilized to identify selective Leishmania donovani DHFR (LdDHFR) inhibitors. Initially, for the design of new LdDHFR inhibitors, a virtual combinatorial library was created by considering various head groups (scaffolds), linkers and tail groups. The scaffolds utilized in the library design were selected on the basis of their proton affinity (PA) estimated using quantum chemical methods, required to make a strong H-bond interaction with negatively charged LdDHFR active site. Later on, molecular docking-based virtual screening was performed to screen the designed library. Selectivity of the chosen hits toward the LdDHFR was established through re-docking in the human DHFR enzyme (HsDHFR). Best five hits were subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to validate their selectivity as well as stability in LdDHFR. Out of the five hits, four were found to be energetically more favorable and promising for selective binding toward LdDHFR in comparison to HsDHFR.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India.,University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
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Sharma M, Prasher P. An epigrammatic status of the ' azole'-based antimalarial drugs. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:184-211. [PMID: 33479627 PMCID: PMC7536834 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00479c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance in the malarial parasite has sabotaged majority of the eradication efforts by restraining the inhibition profile of first line as well as second line antimalarial drugs, thus necessitating the development of novel pharmaceutics constructed on appropriate scaffolds with superior potency against the drug-resistant and drug-susceptible Plasmodium parasite. Over the past decades, the infectious malarial parasite has developed resistance against most of the contemporary therapeutics, thus necessitating the rational development of novel approaches principally focused on MDR malaria. This review presents an epigrammatic collation of the epidemiology and the contemporary antimalarial therapeutics based on the 'azole' motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , Uttaranchal University , Dehradun 248007 , India
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies , Department of Chemistry , Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar 143005 , India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry , University of Petroleum & Energy Studies , Dehradun 248007 , India . ;
- UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies , Department of Chemistry , Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar 143005 , India
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Bhagat S, Arfeen M, Das G, Ramkumar M, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Bharatam PV. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-aminoquinoline-guanylthiourea derivatives as antimalarial agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103094. [PMID: 31376783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Guanylthiourea (GTU) has been identified as an important antifolate antimalarial pharmacophore unit, whereas, 4-amino quinolones are already known for antimalarial activity. In the present work molecules carrying 4-aminoquinoline and GTU moiety have been designed using molecular docking analysis with PfDHFR enzyme and heme unit. The docking results indicated that the necessary interactions (Asp54 and Ile14) and docking score (-9.63 to -7.36 kcal/mmol) were comparable to WR99210 (-9.89 kcal/mol). From these results nine molecules were selected for synthesis. In vitro analysis of these synthesized compounds reveal that out of the nine molecules, eight show antimalarial activity in the range of 0.61-7.55 μM for PfD6 strain and 0.43-8.04 μM for PfW2 strain. Further, molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the most active molecule to establish comparative binding interactions of these compounds and reference ligand with Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (PfDHFR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bhagat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Gourav Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Mridula Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India.
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Manhas A, Lone MY, Jha PC. Multicomplex-based pharmacophore modeling in conjunction with multi-target docking and molecular dynamics simulations for the identification of PfDHFR inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4181-4199. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1540362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Manhas
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohsin Y. Lone
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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David T, Adelakun N, Omotuyi O, Metibemu D, Ekun O, eniafe G, Inyang O, Adewumi B, Enejoh O, Owolabi R, Oribamise EI. Molecular docking analysis of phyto-constituents from Cannabis sativa with pfDHFR. Bioinformation 2018; 14:574-579. [PMID: 31223216 PMCID: PMC6563669 DOI: 10.6026/97320630014574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Available antimalarial drugs have been associated with numerous side effects, which include skin rashes and myelo-suppression. Therefore, it is of interest to explore compounds from natural source having drug-like properties without side effect. This study focuses on the screening of compounds from Cannabis sativa against malaria Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase for antimalarial properties using Glide (Schrodinger maestro 2018-1). The result showed that phytochemicals from Cannabis sativa binds with a higher affinity and lower free energy than the standard ligand with isovitexin and vitexin having a glide score of -11.485 and -10.601 respectively, sophoroside has a glide score of -9.711 which is lower than the cycloguanil (co-crystallized ligand) having a glide score of -6.908. This result gives new perception to the use of Cannabis sativa as antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope.I David
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Niyi.S Adelakun
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olaposi.I Omotuyi
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Damilohun.S Metibemu
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi.E Ekun
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel.O eniafe
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olumide.K Inyang
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Adewumi
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Ojochenemi.A Enejoh
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Raymond.T Owolabi
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Eunice. I Oribamise
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, AdekunleAjasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
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12
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Abbat S, Jaladanki CK, Bharatam PV. Exploring PfDHFR reaction surface: A combined molecular dynamics and QM/MM analysis. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 87:76-88. [PMID: 30508692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The substrate to the enzyme PfDHFR (Plasmodium falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase) is a small molecule dihydrofolate (DHF), it gets converted to tetrahydrofolate (THF) in the active site of the enzyme. The PfDHFR reaction surface involves the protonation of DHF to DHFP as an initial step before the catalytic conversion. The binding affinities of all these species (DHF, DHFP and THF) contribute to the mechanism of DHFR catalytic action. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) analysis were performed to evaluate the binding affinity and molecular recognition interactions of the substrate DHF/DHFP and the product THF, in the active site of wild-type PfDHFR (wtPfDHFR). The binding affinities of the cofactor NADPH/NADP+ were also estimated in all the three complexes. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the substrate, product and cofactor in the cavities of wtPfDHFR revealed the variation of the atomic level interactions during the course of the catalytic conversion. It was found that the DHFP binds very strongly to the PfDHFR active site and pulls the cofactor NADPH closer to itself. The QM/MM analysis revealed that the binding energy of DHFP (-59.82 kcal/mol) and NADPH (-100.24 kcal/mol) in DHFP-wtPfDHFR complex, is higher in comparison to the binding energy of DHF (-38.67 kcal/mol) and NADPH (-77.53 kcal/mol) in DHF-wtPfDHFR complex and the binding energy of THF (-30.72 kcal/mol) and NADP+ (-73.72 kcal/mol) in THF-wtPfDHFR complex. The hydride ion donor-acceptor distance (DAD) analysis was also carried out. This combined MD and QM/MM analysis revealed that the protonation of DHF increases the proximity between the substrate and the cofactor, thus facilitates the reaction profile of PfDHFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheenu Abbat
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160 062, India
| | - Chaitanya K Jaladanki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160 062, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160 062, India; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160 062, India.
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13
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Guanylthiourea derivatives as potential antimalarial agents: Synthesis, in vivo and molecular modelling studies. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:339-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Sharma VK, Abbat S, Bharatam PV. Pharmacoinformatic Study on the Selective Inhibition of the Protozoan Dihydrofolate Reductase Enzymes. Mol Inform 2017; 36. [PMID: 28605138 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201600156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an essential enzyme of the folate metabolic pathway in protozoa and it is a validated, potential drug target in many infectious diseases. Information about unique conserved residues of the DHFR enzyme is required to understand residual selectivity of the protozoan DHFR enzyme. The three dimensional crystal structures are not available for all the protozoan DHFR enzymes. Enzyme-substrate/inhibitor interaction information is required for the binding mode characterization in protozoan DHFR for selective inhibitor design. In this work, multiple sequence analysis was carried out in all the studied species. Homology models were built for protozoan DHFR enzymes, for which 3D structures are not available in PDB. The molecular docking and Prime-MMGBSA calculations of the natural substrate (dihydrofolate, DHF) and classical DHFR inhibitor (methotrexate, MTX) were performed in protozoan DHFR enzymes. Comparative sequence analysis showed that an overall sequence identity between the studied species ranging from 22.94 % (CfDHFR-BgDHFR) to 94.61 % (LdDHFR-LmDHFR). Interestingly, it was observed that most of the active site residues were conserved in all the cases and all the enzymes exhibit similar key binding interactions with DHF and MTX in molecular docking analysis, but there are a few key binding residues which differ in protozoan species that makes it suitable for target selectivity. This information can be used to design selective and potent protozoan DHFR enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar-, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sheenu Abbat
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar-, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - P V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar-160 062, Punjab, India
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Sahu S, Ghosh SK, Ghoshal A, Kalita J, Gahtori P, Bhattacharyya DR. Microwave assisted synthesis, antimalarial screening and structure–activity-relationship exploration of some phenylthiazolyl-triazine derivatives against dihydrofolate reductase. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Benzon KB, Varghese HT, Panicker CY, Pradhan K, Tiwary BK, Nanda AK, Van Alsenoy C. Spectroscopic investigation (FT-IR and FT-Raman), vibrational assignments, HOMO-LUMO, NBO, MEP analysis and molecular docking study of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazole 3-oxide. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 146:307-322. [PMID: 25819320 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the vibrational spectral analysis was carried out using FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dimethyl-1H-imidazole 3-oxide. The computations were performed at DFT levels of theory to get the optimized geometry and vibrational frequencies of the normal modes of the title compound using Gaussian09 software. The complete vibrational assignments of frequencies were made on the basis of potential energy distribution. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show the chemical activity of the molecule. The stability of the molecule arising from hyper-conjugative interaction and charge delocalization has been analyzed using NBO analysis. The hyperpolarizability values are reported and the first hyperpolarizability of the title compound is 19.61 times that of standard NLO material urea. From the MEP plot, the negative charge covers the nitro group and the positive region is over the hydroxyl group and N-H part of the imidazole ring. The calculated (1)H NMR results are in good agreement with experimental data. Molecular docking study is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Benzon
- Department of Physics, Fatima Mata National College, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | | | - C Yohannan Panicker
- Department of Physics, TKM College of Arts and Science, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Kiran Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Bipransh Kumar Tiwary
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashis Kumar Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - C Van Alsenoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, B2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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17
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Abbat S, Jain V, Bharatam PV. Origins of the specificity of inhibitor P218 toward wild-type and mutantPfDHFR: a molecular dynamics analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1913-28. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.979231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in adult males in the USA. Recent advances have revealed that the fatal form of this cancer, known as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), remains hormonally driven despite castrate levels of circulating androgens. CRPC arises as the tumor undergoes adaptation to low levels of androgens by either synthesizing its own androgens (intratumoral androgens) or altering the androgen receptor (AR). This article reviews the major routes to testosterone and dihydrotestosterone synthesis in CRPC cells and examines the enzyme targets and progress in the development of isoform-specific inhibitors that could block intratumoral androgen biosynthesis. Because redundancy exists in these pathways, it is likely that inhibition of a single pathway will lead to upregulation of another so that drug resistance would be anticipated. Drugs that target multiple pathways or bifunctional agents that block intratumoral androgen biosynthesis and antagonize the AR offer the most promise. Optimal use of enzyme inhibitors or AR antagonists to ensure maximal benefits to CRPC patients will also require application of precision molecular medicine to determine whether a tumor in a particular patient will be responsive to these treatments either alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Penning
- Perelman School of MedicineCenter of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6084, USA
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Design and synthesis of guanylthiourea derivatives as potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase enzyme. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:613-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Toivanen R, Frydenberg M, Murphy D, Pedersen J, Ryan A, Pook D, Berman DM, Taylor RA, Risbridger GP. A preclinical xenograft model identifies castration-tolerant cancer-repopulating cells in localized prostate tumors. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:187ra71. [PMID: 23720582 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A lack of clinically relevant experimental models of human prostate cancer hampers evaluation of potential therapeutic agents. Currently, androgen deprivation therapy is the gold standard treatment for advanced prostate cancer, but inevitably, a subpopulation of cancer cells survives and repopulates the tumor. Tumor cells that survive androgen withdrawal are critical therapeutic targets for more effective treatments, but current model systems cannot determine when they arise in disease progression and are unable to recapitulate variable patient response to treatment. A model system was developed in which stromal-supported xenografts from multiple patients with early-stage localized disease can be tested for response to castration. The histopathology of these xenografts mimicked the original tumors, and short-term host castration resulted in reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in tumor cells. After 4 weeks of castration, residual populations of quiescent, stem-like tumor cells remained. Without subsequent treatment, these residual cells displayed regenerative potential, because testosterone readministration resulted in emergence of rapidly proliferating tumors. Therefore, this model may be useful for revealing potential cellular targets in prostate cancer, which exist before the onset of aggressive incurable disease. Specific eradication of these regenerative tumor cells that survive castration could then confer survival benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Toivanen
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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21
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Sampson N, Neuwirt H, Puhr M, Klocker H, Eder IE. In vitro model systems to study androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013; 20:R49-64. [PMID: 23447570 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common causes of male cancer-related death in Western nations. The cellular response to androgens is mediated via the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-inducible transcription factor whose dysregulation plays a key role during PCa development and progression following androgen deprivation therapy, the current mainstay systemic treatment for advanced PCa. Thus, a better understanding of AR signaling and new strategies to abrogate AR activity are essential for improved therapeutic intervention. Consequently, a large number of experimental cell culture models have been established to facilitate in vitro investigations into the role of AR signaling in PCa development and progression. These different model systems mimic distinct stages of this heterogeneous disease and exhibit differences with respect to AR expression/status and androgen responsiveness. Technological advances have facilitated the development of in vitro systems that more closely reflect the physiological setting, for example via the use of three-dimensional coculture to study the interaction of prostate epithelial cells with the stroma, endothelium, immune system and tissue matrix environment. This review provides an overview of the most commonly used in vitro cell models currently available to study AR signaling with particular focus on their use in addressing key questions relating to the development and progression of PCa. It is hoped that the continued development of in vitro models will provide more biologically relevant platforms for mechanistic studies, drug discovery and design ensuring a more rapid transfer of knowledge from the laboratory to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Sampson
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Folate metabolism in human malaria parasites—75 years on. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2013; 188:63-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Rotinen M, Villar J, Encío I. Regulation of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in cancer: regulating steroid receptor at pre-receptor stage. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:461-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Recent advances in the treatment of prostate cancer have resulted in improved outcomes, including longer survival, but new options are needed for treating patients with castration-resistant disease, particularly in the presence of bone metastasis. Data from preclinical models and clinical biomarker studies indicate that antiangiogenic agents should be a promising treatment for this patient population, and multiple agents in this class have demonstrated activity in early-stage clinical trials. Pivotal trials in prostate cancer with agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling have resulted in significant improvements in tumour response and progression-free survival. However, overall survival was not significantly improved. Recent preclinical studies suggest that the limited impact on overall survival may result from the development of evasive resistance after inhibition of angiogenesis, possibly through upregulation of MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) signalling. MET plays important roles in angiogenesis, tumour cell invasion and bone metastasis, all of which are key factors in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Inhibition of both the MET and VEGF pathways may improve the efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Aftab
- Exelixis, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94083-0511, USA.
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Baba N, Akaho E. VSDK: Virtual screening of small molecules using AutoDock Vina on Windows platform. Bioinformation 2011; 6:387-8. [PMID: 21976864 PMCID: PMC3181425 DOI: 10.6026/97320630006387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening of ligand molecules to target proteins using computer-aided docking is a critical step in rational drug discovery. Based on this circumstance, we
attempted to develop a virtual screening application system, named VSDK Virtual Screening by Docking, which can function under the Windows platform. This is
a user-friendly, flexible, and versatile tool which can be used by users who are familiar with Windows OS. The virtual screening performance was tested for an
arbitrarily-selected receptor, FGFR tyrosine kinase (pdb code: 1agw), by using ligands downloaded from ZINC database with its grid size of x,y,z = 30,30,30 and
run number of 10. It took 90 minutes for 100 molecules for this virtual screening. VSDK is freely available at the designated URL, and a simplified manual can be
downloaded from VSDK home page. This tool will have a more challenging scope and achievement as the computer speed and accuracy are increased and secured
in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Baba
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3, Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan 650-8586
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