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Tang T, Wang H, Han Y, Huang H, Niu W, Fei M, Zhu Y. The Role of N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene Family in Glioma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:949-968. [PMID: 34115542 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common type of primary tumor in the central nervous system, and the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. N-myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family is reported to take part in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including some preliminary exploration in glioma. However, there has been no bioinformatics analysis of NDRG family in glioma yet. Herein, we focused on the expression changes of NDRGs with their value in predicting patients' prognoses, upstream regulatory mechanisms (DNA mutation, DNA methylation, transcription factors, and microRNA regulation) and gene enrichment analysis based on co-expressed genes with data from public databases. Furthermore, the expression pattern of NDRGs was verified by the paired glioma and peritumoral samples in our institute. It was suggested that NDRGs were differentially expressed genes in glioma. In particular, the lower expression of NDRG2 or NDRG4 could serve as a predictor of higher grade tumor and poorer prognosis. Also, NDRGs might play a crucial role in signal transduction, energy metabolism, and cross-talk among cells in glioma, under the control of a complex regulatory network. This study enables us to better understand the role of NDRGs in glioma and with further research, it may contribute to the development of glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Handong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Hanyu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Maoxing Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yihao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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2
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Schonkeren SL, Massen M, van der Horst R, Koch A, Vaes N, Melotte V. Nervous NDRGs: the N-myc downstream-regulated gene family in the central and peripheral nervous system. Neurogenetics 2019; 20:173-186. [PMID: 31485792 PMCID: PMC6754360 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-019-00587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The N-Myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family consists of four members (NDRG1, NDRG2, NDRG3, NDRG4) that are differentially expressed in various organs and function in important processes, like cell proliferation and differentiation. In the last couple of decades, interest in this family has risen due to its connection with several disorders of the nervous system including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and dementia, as well as nervous system cancers. By combining a literature review with in silico data analysis of publicly available datasets, such as the Mouse Brain Atlas, BrainSpan, the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, this review summarizes the expression and functions of the NDRG family in the healthy and diseased nervous system. We here show that the NDRGs have a differential, relatively cell type-specific, expression pattern in the nervous system. Even though NDRGs share functionalities, like a role in vesicle trafficking, stress response, and neurite outgrowth, other functionalities seem to be unique to a specific member, e.g., the role of NDRG1 in myelination. Furthermore, mutations, phosphorylation, or changes in expression of NDRGs are related to nervous system diseases, including peripheral neuropathy and different forms of dementia. Moreover, NDRG1, NDRG2, and NDRG4 are all involved in cancers of the nervous system, such as glioma, neuroblastoma, or meningioma. All in all, our review elucidates that although the NDRGs belong to the same gene family and share some functional features, they should be considered unique in their expression patterns and functional importance for nervous system development and neuronal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone L Schonkeren
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Massen
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Raisa van der Horst
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Vaes
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Melotte
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Jandrey EHF, Moura RP, Andrade LNS, Machado CL, Campesato LF, Leite KRM, Inoue LT, Asprino PF, da Silva APM, de Barros ACSD, Carvalho A, de Lima VC, Carraro DM, Brentani HP, da Cunha IW, Soares FA, Parmigiani RB, Chammas R, Camargo AA, Costa ÉT. NDRG4 promoter hypermethylation is a mechanistic biomarker associated with metastatic progression in breast cancer patients. NPJ Breast Cancer 2019; 5:11. [PMID: 30963110 PMCID: PMC6450950 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-019-0106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of developing metastatic disease in breast cancer patients is traditionally predictable based on the number of positive axillary lymph nodes, complemented with additional clinicopathological factors. However, since lymph node-negative patients have a 20-30% probability of developing metastatic disease, lymph node information alone is insufficient to accurately assess individual risk. Molecular approaches, such as multigene expression panels, analyze a set of cancer-related genes that more accurately predict the early risk of metastasis and the treatment response. Here, we present N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 4 (NDRG4) epigenetic silencing as a mechanistic biomarker of metastasis in ductal invasive breast tumors. While aberrant NDRG4 DNA hypermethylation is significantly associated with the development of metastatic disease, downregulation of NDRG4 transcription and protein expression is functionally associated with enhanced lymph node adhesion and cell mobility. Here, we show that epigenetic silencing of NDRG4 modulates integrin signaling by assembling β1-integrins into large punctate clusters at the leading edge of tumor cells to promote an "adhesive switch," decreasing cell adhesion to fibronectin and increasing cell adhesion and migration towards vitronectin, an important component of human lymph nodes. Taken together, our functional and clinical observations suggest that NDRG4 is a potential mechanistic biomarker in breast cancer that is functionally associated with metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luciana N. S. Andrade
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Camila L. Machado
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | | | | | - Lilian T. Inoue
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Paula F. Asprino
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Vladmir C. de Lima
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Fundação Antônio Prudente, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Dirce M. Carraro
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Fundação Antônio Prudente, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Helena P. Brentani
- LIM23-Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Roger Chammas
- Laboratório de Oncologia Experimental, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Anamaria A. Camargo
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP Brazil
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (LICR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érico T. Costa
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP Brazil
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (LICR), São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Luo X, Hou N, Chen X, Xu Z, Xu J, Wang L, Yang S, Liu S, Xu L, Chen Y, Xiong L, Wang J, Fan W, Xu J. High expression of NDRG3 associates with unfavorable overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:461-469. [PMID: 29171988 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE N-myc downstream-regulated gene 3 (NDRG3) is one of the important members of the NDRG family which crucially take part in cell proliferation, differentiation and other biological processes. METHODS In this present study, western-blotting analysis was performed to evaluate NDRG3 expression in NSCLC cell lines. One-step quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with 16 fresh-frozen NSCLC samples and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis in 100 NSCLC cases were conducted to explore the relationship between NDRG3 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC. RESULTS NDRG3 expression levels were statistically higher in NSCLC cell lines and tissue samples, compared with that of in non-cancerous cell line and tissue samples (p< 0.05). The IHC data demonstrated that the NDRG3 expression was significantly correlated with pathological grade (p= 0.038), N (p= 0.020) and TNM stage (p= 0.002). Survival analysis and Kaplan-Meier curve indicated that NDRG3 expression (p= 0.002) and T (p= 0.047) were independently associated with the unfavorable overall survival of patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS The data implied that NDRG3 expression may be identified as a new predictor in NSCLC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyuan Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Hou
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juqing Xu
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suyao Liu
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weifei Fan
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaren Xu
- Geriatric Lung Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Zhang Z, She J, Yang J, Bu X, Ji G, Zhu S, He S, Chu D. NDRG4 in gastric cancer determines tumor cell proliferation and clinical outcome. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:762-771. [PMID: 29500881 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
As a novel candidate tumor suppressor, NDRG4 is largely unstudied in human malignancies. In this study, we investigated the protein expression level of NDRG4 in gastric cancer and its association with outcome of patients. In the present study, we recruited 286 patients with gastric cancer and investigated the protein and mRNA expression of NDRG4 in cancer and adjacent normal specimens by immunohistochemistry assay and real-time PCR. The association of NDRG4 level with clinicopathological characteristics was investigated by appropriate statistical analysis. NDRG4 overexpression and knockdown cell lines were established in order to detect its impact on proliferation and apoptosis. Significant decreased protein and mRNA expression of NDRG4 was found in gastric cancer, compared with adjacent normal specimens. Besides, it was found that NDRG4 protein expression in gastric cancer was significantly associated with tumor differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and stage. Patients with tumors of decreased NDRG4 level were more likely to have unfavorable disease-free and overall survival, in both univariate and multivariate analysis. In addition, overexpression of NDRG4 suppressed cell proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro; conversely, the proliferation of gastric cancer cells were enhanced by knockdown of NDRG4. These results proved for the first time that NDRG4 could be a potential tumor suppressor and prognostic marker of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Dermotology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junjun She
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaojun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dake Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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6
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Voigt A, Nowick K, Almaas E. A composite network of conserved and tissue specific gene interactions reveals possible genetic interactions in glioma. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005739. [PMID: 28957313 PMCID: PMC5634634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential co-expression network analyses have recently become an important step in the investigation of cellular differentiation and dysfunctional gene-regulation in cell and tissue disease-states. The resulting networks have been analyzed to identify and understand pathways associated with disorders, or to infer molecular interactions. However, existing methods for differential co-expression network analysis are unable to distinguish between various forms of differential co-expression. To close this gap, here we define the three different kinds (conserved, specific, and differentiated) of differential co-expression and present a systematic framework, CSD, for differential co-expression network analysis that incorporates these interactions on an equal footing. In addition, our method includes a subsampling strategy to estimate the variance of co-expressions. Our framework is applicable to a wide variety of cases, such as the study of differential co-expression networks between healthy and disease states, before and after treatments, or between species. Applying the CSD approach to a published gene-expression data set of cerebral cortex and basal ganglia samples from healthy individuals, we find that the resulting CSD network is enriched in genes associated with cognitive function, signaling pathways involving compounds with well-known roles in the central nervous system, as well as certain neurological diseases. From the CSD analysis, we identify a set of prominent hubs of differential co-expression, whose neighborhood contains a substantial number of genes associated with glioblastoma. The resulting gene-sets identified by our CSD analysis also contain many genes that so far have not been recognized as having a role in glioblastoma, but are good candidates for further studies. CSD may thus aid in hypothesis-generation for functional disease-associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Voigt
- Network Systems Biology Group, Department of Biotechnology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Katja Nowick
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Human Biology, Institute for Biology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eivind Almaas
- Network Systems Biology Group, Department of Biotechnology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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7
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Yang Q, Gu Y, Zhang X, Wang JM, He YP, Shi Y, Sun ZG, Shi HJ, Wang J. Uterine Expression of NDRG4 Is Induced by Estrogen and Up-Regulated during Embryo Implantation Process in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155491. [PMID: 27175791 PMCID: PMC4866685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation is an essential step for the establishment of pregnancy and dynamically regulated by estrogen and progesterone. NDRG4 (N-myc down-regulated gene 4) is a tumor suppressor that participates in cell survival, tumor invasion and angiogenesis. The objective of this study was to preliminarily explore the role of NDRG4 in embryo implantation. By immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitive RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), we found that uterine expression of NDRG4 was increased along with puberal development, and its expression in adult females reached the peak at the estrus stage during the estrus cycle. Furthermore, uterine NDRG4 expression was significantly induced by the treatment of estradiol (E2) both in pre-puberty females and ovariectomized adult females. Uterine expression pattern of NDRG4 during the peri-implantation period in mice was determined by IHC, qRT-PCR and Western blot. It was observed that NDRG4 expression was up-regulated during the implantation process, and its expression level at the implantation sites was significantly higher than that at the inter-implantation sites. Meanwhile, an increased expression in NDRG4 was associated with artificial decidualization as well as the activation of delayed implantation. By qRT-PCR and Western blot, we found that the in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) was accompanied by up-regulation of NDRG4 expression, whereas knockdown of its expression in these cells by siRNA inhibited the decidualization process. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that NDRG4 protein expression was decreased in human villus tissues of recurrent miscarriage (RM) patients compared to normal pregnant women. Collectively, these data suggested that uterine NDRG4 expression could be induced by estrogen, and NDRG4 might play an important role during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Gu
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (HJS)
| | - Jian-Mei Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Ya-Ping He
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Shi
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhao-Gui Sun
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui-Juan Shi
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (HJS)
| | - Jian Wang
- NPFPC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, SIPPR, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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8
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Chu D, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhu S, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Ji G, Wang W, Zheng J. NDRG4, a novel candidate tumor suppressor, is a predictor of overall survival of colorectal cancer patients. Oncotarget 2016; 6:7584-96. [PMID: 25749388 PMCID: PMC4480701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of NDRG4 in human malignancies is largely unknown. We investigated the role of NDRG4 protein in colorectal cancer and its prognostic value in a hospital-based retrospective training cohort of 272 patients and a prospective validation cohort of 708 patients were. Cell line was transfected with an NDRG4 expression construct to confirm the suppression of PI3K-AKT activity by NDRG4. Appropriate statistical methods were utilized for analysis. Results showed that NDRG4 protein expression was significantly decreased from normal mucosa, chronic colitis, ulcerative colitis, atypical hyperplasia to colorectal cancer. Significant negative correlations were found between NDRG4 staining and p-AKT. Patients with positive NDRG4 staining had favorable survival in both study cohorts. In multivariate analysis, NDRG4 staining proved to be an independent predictor of overall survival. Moreover, the prognostic role of NDRG4 was stratified by p-AKT. Overexpression of NDRG4 in colorectal cancer cell can significantly suppress PI3K-AKT activity, even after EGF stimulation. These results indicated NDRG4 protein expression was decreased in colorectal cancer. It may play its tumor suppressive role in carcinogenesis and progression through attenuation of PI3K-AKT activity. Therefore, high risk colorectal cancer patients could be better identified based on the combination of NDRG4 and PI3K-AKT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zixi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunming Li
- Statistics Office, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shaojun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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9
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Shen SH, Yu N, Xu H, Liu XY, Tan GW, Wang ZX. Inhibition of Human Glioma Cell Proliferation Caused by Knockdown of Utrophin Using a Lentivirus-Mediated System. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2016; 31:133-8. [PMID: 27183436 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2015.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Hang Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ning Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi-Yao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guo-Wei Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhan-Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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10
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Novel diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for pathologic subtypes of frontotemporal dementia identified by proteomics. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING 2016; 2:86-94. [PMID: 27239539 PMCID: PMC4879654 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Reliable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers enabling identification of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and its pathologic subtypes are lacking. Methods Unbiased high-resolution mass spectrometry–based proteomics was applied on CSF of FTD patients with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43, FTD-TDP, n = 12) or tau pathology (FTD-tau, n = 8), and individuals with subjective memory complaints (SMC, n = 10). Validation was performed by applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or enzymatic assays, when available, in a larger cohort (FTLD-TDP, n = 21, FTLD-tau, n = 10, SMC, n = 23) and in Alzheimer's disease (n = 20), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB, n = 20), and vascular dementia (VaD, n = 18). Results Of 1914 identified CSF proteins, 56 proteins were differentially regulated (fold change >1.2, P < .05) between the different patient groups: either between the two pathologic subtypes (10 proteins), or between at least one of these FTD subtypes and SMC (47 proteins). We confirmed the differential expression of YKL-40 by ELISA in a partly independent cohort. Furthermore, enzyme activity of catalase was decreased in FTD subtypes compared with SMC. Further validation in a larger cohort showed that the level of YKL-40 was twofold increased in both FTD pathologic subtypes compared with SMC and that the levels in FTLD-tau were higher compared to Alzheimer's dementia (AD), DLB, and VaD patients. Clinical validation furthermore showed that the catalase enzyme activity was decreased in the FTD subtypes compared to SMC, AD and DLB. Discussion We identified promising CSF biomarkers for both FTD differential diagnosis and pathologic subtyping. YKL-40 and catalase enzyme activity should be validated further in similar pathology defined patient cohorts for their use for FTD diagnosis or treatment development.
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NDRG3 and NDRG4, two novel tumor-related genes. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:681-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Kinesin family member 14 is a candidate prognostic marker for outcome of glioma patients. Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 37:79-84. [PMID: 22999822 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Human kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are a conserved class of microtubule-dependent molecular motor proteins with adenosine triphosphatase activity and motion characteristics. As a member of KIFs, KIF14 plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle and mitotic progression. Deregulation of KIF14 has been found in several human malignancies and also has been demonstrated to be involved in tumor progression and related to patient survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of KIF14 expression in glioma. METHODS Real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay was performed to detect KIF14 mRNA expression, and Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to detect KIF14 protein expression in human gliomas and non-neoplastic brain tissues, respectively. Then, the association of KIF14 immunostaining with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of glioma patients was also statistically analyzed. RESULTS KIF14 mRNA and protein expression were respectively increased 5.5- and 4.2-fold on average in glioma tissues relative to non-neoplastic brain tissues (both P < 0.001). Additionally, both KIF14 mRNA and protein expression increased with ascending pathological grade. Then, the high KIF14 immunostaining in glioma tissues was significantly associated with advanced pathological grade (P = 0.008), low Karnofsky performance score (KPS) (P = 0.02), high mitotic index (P = 0.005) and Ki-67 index (P = 0.008). Furthermore, both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses determined that KIF14 overexpression effectively predicted decreased overall survival in patients with gliomas. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer the first convinced evidence that KIF14 expression in gliomas is tumor-specific and increased in more aggressive tumors. KIF14 might function as a candidate prognostic marker for human gliomas.
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Wang Q, Deng J, Yuan J, Wang L, Zhao Z, He S, Zhang Y, Tu Y. Oncogenic reg IV is a novel prognostic marker for glioma patient survival. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:69. [PMID: 22713481 PMCID: PMC3465175 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aberrant expression of regenerating islet-derived family member, 4 (Reg IV) has been found in various human cancers. However, the roles of Reg IV gene and its encoding product in human glioma have not been clearly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of Reg IV expression in glioma. Methods Reg IV mRNA and protein expression in human gliomas and non-neoplastic brain tissues were respectively detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The association of Reg IV immunostaining with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of glioma patients was also statistically analyzed. Results Reg IV mRNA and protein expression levels in glioma tissues were both significantly higher than those in the corresponding non-neoplastic brain tissues (both P < 0.001). Additionally, the increased Reg IV immunostaining in glioma tissues was significantly associated with advanced pathological grade (P = 0.008). Reg IV protein up-regulation was also significantly correlated with low Karnofsky performance score (KPS) (P = 0.02). Moreover, the overall survival of patients with high Reg IV protein expression was dramatically shorter than those with low Reg IV protein expression (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that Reg IV expression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with gliomas (P = 0.008). Conclusions These convinced evidences suggest for the first time that Reg IV might accelerate disease progression and act as a candidate prognostic marker for gliomas. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2145344361720706
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an City 710032, China
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