1
|
Yan J, Li KX, Yu L, Yuan HY, Zhao ZM, Lin J, Wang CS. PRMT1 Integrates Immune Microenvironment and Fatty Acid Metabolism Response in Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:15-27. [PMID: 38213310 PMCID: PMC10778267 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s443130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family members have important roles in cancer processes. However, its functions in the regulation of cancer immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the roles of PRMT1 in HCC. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and clinicopathological data were obtained and used to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value, cellular functions and roles in immune microenvironment regulation of PRMT1 in HCC. The functions of PRMT1 were explored using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO), as well as gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). TIMER and CIBERSORT were used to analyze the relationships between PRMT1 expression and immune cell infiltration. The STRING database was used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Results PRMT1 was aberrantly expressed in HCC, which high expression was associated with tumor progression, worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with HCC. PRMT1 was also associated with immune cell infiltration. Moreover, it was specifically expressed in immune cells, including exhausted CD8 T cells, B cells, and mono/macro cells in patients with immunotherapy. The expression of immune checkpoints was significantly increased in the high-PRMT1 expression groups of HCC patients. Regarding biological mechanisms, cell viability, migration and invasion, and the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism were suppressed in PRMT1 knockdown HCC cells. Moreover, genes co-expressed with PRMT1 were involved in the fatty acid metabolic process and enriched in fatty and drug-induced liver disease. Conclusion Taken together, these results indicate that PRMT1 might exert its oncogenic effects via immune microenvironment regulation and fatty acid metabolism in HCC. Our finding will provide a foundation for further studies and indicate a potential clinical therapeutic target for liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yan
- School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Experimental Center of Basic Medical School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke xin Li
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng ye Yuan
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi min Zhao
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Shan Wang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gan P, Luo X, Wei H, Hu Y, Li R, Luo J. Identification of hub genes that variate the qCSS12-mediated cold tolerance between indica and japonica rice using WGCNA. Plant Cell Rep 2023; 43:24. [PMID: 38150036 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Cold-tolerant QTL qCSS12-regulated 14 hub genes are involved in the chloroplastic biological processes and in the protein synthesis and degradation processes in japonica rice. Low temperature is a main constraint factor for rice growth and production. To better understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying the cold tolerance phenotype in rice, here, we selected a cold-sensitive nearly isogenic line (NIL) NIL(qcss12) as materials to identify hub genes that are mediated by the cold-tolerant locus qCSS12 through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Fourteen cold-responsive genes were identified, of which, 6 are involved in regulating biological processes in chloroplasts, including the reported EF-Tu, Prk, and ChlD, and 8 are involved in the protein synthesis and degradation processes. Differential expression of these genes between NIL(qcss12) and its controls under cold stress may be responsible for qCSS12-mediated cold tolerance in japonica rice. Moreover, natural variations in 12 of these hub genes are highly correlated with the cold tolerance divergence in two rice subspecies. The results provide deep insights into a better understanding of the molecular basis of cold adaptation in rice and provide a theoretical basis for molecular breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gan
- College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xianglan Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hanxing Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yunfei Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Rongbai Li
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jijing Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang S, Lu K, Shi HJ, Shi Q, Gong YQ, Wang JL, Li C. Association between lumbar endplate damage and bone mineral density in patients with degenerative disc disease. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:762. [PMID: 37759236 PMCID: PMC10523726 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the independent association between lumbar endplate damage and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with degenerative disc disease (DDD). METHODS This retrospective investigation was based out of a prospectively collected database from the Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University. Data from 192 DDD patients, collected between December 2018 and January 2022, were chosen for the final analysis. The average total endplate score (TEPS) of lumbar(L) 1-L4 was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and represents the extent of endplate damage. Osteoporosis severity was assessed via the L1-L4 BMD evidenced by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Other analyzed information included gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and osteophyte score (OSTS). Uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses were employed to evaluate the association between average TEPS and BMD of L1-L4. Moreover, the generalized additive model (GAM) was employed for non-linear association analysis. RESULTS Upon gender, age, BMI, and OSTS adjustments, a strong independent inverse relationship was observed between average TEPS and BMD (β, -0.021; 95% CI, -0.035 to -0.007, P-value = 0.00449). In addition, the gender stratification analysis revealed a linear relationship in males, and a non-linear relationship in females. Specifically, there was a significantly stronger negative relationship between average TEPS and BMD in females, when the average TEPS was < 3.75 (β, -0.063; 95% CI, -0.114 to -0.013; P-value = 0.0157). However, at an average TEPS > 3.75, the relationship did not reach significance (β, 0.007; 95% CI, -0.012 to 0.027; P-value = 0.4592). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the independent negative association between average TEPS and BMD values of L1-L4. Upon gender stratification, a linear relationship was observed in males, and a non-linear association in females. The findings reveal that patients with osteoporosis or endplate damage require more detailed examinations and treatment regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Ke Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Hui-juan Shi
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031 Jiangsu China
| | - Ya-qin Gong
- Information Department, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Jian-liang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng M, Zhou X, Pang J, Yang Z, Zou Y, Zhang L, Xu Y, Yin R. New methylene blue-mediated photodynamic inactivation of multidrug-resistant Fonsecaea nubica infected chromoblastomycosis in vitro. Braz J Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s42770-023-00974-8. [PMID: 37145297 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromoblastomycosis is a fungal disease presented with local warty papule, plaque, and verrucous nodules. In addition, the incidence and drug resistance of chromoblastomycosis are increasing each year worldwide. Photodynamic therapy is a promising method to treat mycoses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of new methylene blue (NMB)-induced PDT on multidrug-resistant chromoblastomycosis in vitro. We isolated one wild-type strain pathogen from one clinical patient diagnosed with chromoblastomycosis for over 27 years. The pathogen was identified by histopathology, the morphology of fungal culture, and genetic testing. Drug susceptibility testing was performed on the isolate. It was cultured with logarithmic growth phase spore in vitro and incubated with different concentrations of NMB for 30 min, and received illumination by red light-emitted diode with different light doses. After photodynamic treatment, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted. The pathogen was Fonsecaea nubica, and it was resistant to itraconazole, terbinafine, amphotericin B, voriconazole andcaspofungin. At the same NMB concentration, the sterilization efficiency of NMB-photodynamic therapy (PDT) on F. nubica increased with increasing light intensity; F. nubica was completely killed at 25 µmol/L NMB with a light dose of 40 J/cm2 or 50 µmol/L NMB and light doses of ≥ 30 J/cm2. SEM and TEM observed ultrastructural changes after PDT. NMB-PDT inactivates the survival of multidrug-resistant F. nubica in vitro; it therefore has the potential to become an alternative or adjuvant treatment for refractory chromoblastomycosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiayin Pang
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zengjun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yongzhen Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Rui Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu MZ, Lu K, Yang XF, Ye YW, Xu SM, Shi Q, Gong YQ, Li C. Association between serum uric acid levels and bone mineral density in patients with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:306. [PMID: 37072779 PMCID: PMC10111842 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of studies exploring the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and bone mineral density (BMD) have been controversial and inconsistent. We thus sought to explore whether SUA levels were independently associated with BMD in patients with osteoporosis (OP). METHODS This cross-sectional analysis was conducted using prospectively obtained data from the Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University database pertaining to 1,249 OP patients that were hospitalized from January 2015 - March 2022. BMD was the outcome variable for this study, while baseline SUA levels were the exposure variable. Analyses were adjusted for a range of covariates including age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and a range of other baseline laboratory and clinical findings. RESULTS SUA levels and BMD were independently positively associated with one another in OP patients. Following adjustment for age, gender, BMI, blood urae nitrogen (BUN), and 25(OH)D levels, a 0.0286 g/cm2 (β, 0.0286; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0193-0.0378, P < 0.000001) increase in BMD was observed per 100 μmol/L rise in SUA levels. A non-linear association between SUA and BMD was also observed for patients with a BMI < 24 kg/m2, with a SUA level inflection point at 296 μmol/L in the adjusted smoothed curve. CONCLUSIONS These analyses revealed SUA levels to be independently positively associated with BMD in OP patients, with an additional non-linear relationship between these two variables being evident for individuals of normal or low body weight. This suggests that SUA levels may exert a protective effect on BMD at concentrations below 296 μmol/L in normal- and low-weight OP patients, whereas SUA levels above this concentration were unrelated to BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zhe Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu-Feng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao-Wei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Si-Ming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Qin Gong
- Information Department, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liang W, Yu Q, Wang W, Dhollander T, Suluba E, Li Z, Xu F, Hu Y, Tang Y, Liu S. A comparative study of the superior longitudinal fasciculus subdivisions between neonates and young adults. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2713-2730. [PMID: 36114859 PMCID: PMC9618541 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is a complex associative tract comprising three distinct subdivisions in the frontoparietal cortex, each of which has its own anatomical connectivity and functional roles. However, many studies on white matter development, hampered by limitations of data quality and tractography methods, treated the SLF as a single entity. The exact anatomical trajectory and developmental status of each sub-bundle of the human SLF in neonates remain poorly understood. Here, we compared the morphological and microstructural characteristics of each branch of the SLF at two ages using diffusion MRI data from 40 healthy neonates and 40 adults. A multi-shell multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution (MSMT-CSD) algorithm was used to ensure the successful separation of the three SLF branches (SLF I, SLF II and SLF III). Then, between-group differences in the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) metrics were investigated in all the SLF branches. Meanwhile, Mahalanobis distances based on all the diffusion metrics were computed to quantify the maturation of neonatal SLF branches, considering the adult brain as the reference. The SLF branches, excluding SLF II, had similar fibre morphology and connectivity between the neonatal and adult groups. The Mahalanobis distance values further supported the notion of heterogeneous maturation among SLF branches. The greatest Mahalanobis distance was observed in SLF II, possibly indicating that it was the least mature. Our findings provide a new anatomical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by abnormal neonatal SLF development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Liang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiaowen Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Suluba
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuchun Tang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mei X, Wang Y, Li Z, Larousse M, Pere A, da Rocha M, Zhan F, He Y, Pu L, Panabières F, Zu Y. Root-associated microbiota drive phytoremediation strategies to lead of Sonchus Asper (L.) Hill as revealed by intercropping-induced modifications of the rhizosphere microbiome. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:23026-23040. [PMID: 34799796 PMCID: PMC8979924 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17353-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping or assistant endophytes promote phytoremediation capacities of hyperaccumulators and enhance their tolerance to heavy metal (HM) stress. Findings from a previous study showed that intercropping the hyperaccumulator Sonchus asper (L.) Hill grown in HM-contaminated soils with maize improved the remediating properties and indicated an excluder-to-hyperaccumulator switched mode of action towards lead. In the current study, RNA-Seq analysis was conducted on Sonchus roots grown under intercropping or monoculture systems to explore the molecular events underlying this shift in lead sequestering strategy. The findings showed that intercropping only slightly affects S. asper transcriptome but significantly affects expression of root-associated microbial genomes. Further, intercropping triggers significant reshaping of endophytic communities associated with a 'root-to-shoot' transition of lead sequestration and improved phytoremediation capacities of S. asper. These findings indicate that accumulator activities of a weed are partially attributed to the root-associated microbiota, and a complex network of plant-microbe-plant interactions shapes the phytoremediation potential of S. asper. Analysis showed that intercropping may significantly change the structure of root-associated communities resulting in novel remediation properties, thus providing a basis for improving phytoremediation practices to restore contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Mei
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zuran Li
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Marie Larousse
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Arthur Pere
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Martine da Rocha
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Fangdong Zhan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yongmei He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Linlong Pu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Franck Panabières
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France.
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang R, Li L, Jiang Q, Qi J. Optimal bond issuance with cost and liquidity constraints for Chinese local governments: a multi-period stochastic programming approach. Empir Econ 2022; 63:2605-2632. [PMID: 36320209 PMCID: PMC9606205 DOI: 10.1007/s00181-022-02210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, China's local governments have issued numerous bonds to support the country's economic development. However, as total debt accumulates, the pressure on debt repayments is gradually increasing. To increase the sustainability of local government debt, we propose a multi-period stochastic optimization-based approach to determining the portfolio composition of issued bonds, with the goal of minimizing the expected cost under the constraints of liquidity risk and cost deviation risk. Liquidity risk is measured by conditional payment-at-risk ( CPaR ), and cost deviation risk is measured by conditional value-at-risk ( CVaR ). By bounding CVaR and CPaR , local governments can control the levels of cost deviation risk and liquidity risk. To alleviate future liquidity risk, which is caused by the issuance of a large number of long-term bonds to deliberately reduce repayment pressure within a debt planning horizon, we consider an extended liquidity planning horizon to manage both current and future liquidity risk. Based on this, we analyze the efficient frontier and portfolio compositions of issued bond under the constraints of different CVaR and CPaR levels. Compared with actual Chinese local government bond portfolios, the efficient frontier performs better for different issuance strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Yang
- School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Management, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA
| | - Qi Jiang
- School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot, China
| | - Ji Qi
- School of Finance, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu JJ, Wang Z, Nie LM, Zhu YY, Li G, Lin LL, Chen M, Zhang GJ. RGD-functionalised melanin nanoparticles for intraoperative photoacoustic imaging-guided breast cancer surgery. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:847-860. [PMID: 34505945 PMCID: PMC8803813 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obtaining tumour-free margins is critical for avoiding re-excision and reducing local recurrence following breast-conserving surgery; however, it remains challenging. Imaging-guided surgery provides precise detection of residual lesions and assists surgical resection. Herein, we described water-soluble melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) conjugated with cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) peptides for breast cancer photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and surgical navigation. METHODS The cRGD-MNPs were synthesised and characterized for morphology, photoacoustic characteristics and stability. Tumour targeting and toxicity of cRGD-MNPs were determined by using either breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 tumour-bearing mice or the FVB/N-Tg (MMTV-PyVT) 634Mul/J mice model. PAI was used to locate the tumour and guide surgical resection in MDA-MB-231 tumour-bearing mice. RESULTS The cRGD-MNPs exhibited excellent in vitro and in vivo tumour targeting with low toxicity. Intravenous administration of cRGD-MNPs to MDA-MB-231 tumour-bearing mice showed an approximately 2.1-fold enhancement in photoacoustic (PA) intensity at 2 h, and the ratio of the PA intensity at the tumour site to that in the surrounding normal tissue was 3.2 ± 0.1, which was higher than that using MNPs (1.7 ± 0.3). Similarly, the PA signal in the spontaneous breast cancer increased ~ 2.5-fold at 2 h post-injection of cRGD-MNPs in MMTV-PyVT transgenic mice. Preoperative PAI assessed tumour volume and offered three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction images for accurate surgical planning. Surgical resection following real-time PAI showed high consistency with histopathological analysis. CONCLUSION These results highlight that cRGD-MNP-mediated PAI provide a powerful tool for breast cancer imaging and precise tumour resection. cRGD-MNPs with fine PA properties have great potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Liu
- Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an Road East, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Zun Wang
- ChangJiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518133, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Ming Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnosis & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- Department of Radiology and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an Road East, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Ge Li
- Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an Road East, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Lin-Ling Lin
- Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an Road East, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Min Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Clinical Central Research Core, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an Road East, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Cancer Center & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an Road East, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361101, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song Y, Liu J, Zhang W, Li J. Blockchain's role in e-commerce sellers' decision-making on information disclosure under competition. Ann Oper Res 2022; 329:1-40. [PMID: 35095155 PMCID: PMC8787204 DOI: 10.1007/s10479-021-04276-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In e-commerce, sellers can disclose product information (such as quality, size information, function, and so on) to make consumers understand the products. However, in the process of information disclosure, consumers often fall into information distortion or information loss. Because of its immutability and traceability, blockchain can help e-commerce sellers improve information disclosure and ensure the efficiency of information transmission. We study a duopoly competitive e-commerce market in which two e-commerce sellers compete in information disclosure. According to whether to apply blockchain, we divide the sellers' decision-making into four research scenarios (NN, BN, NB, BB). Based on the above four scenarios, we get the market demand of different products depending on the consumer utility, and further establish the game model in the competitive environment. This paper explores the impact of blockchain on information disclosure and consumer surplus, and achieves the Nash equilibrium of blockchain application for both sides. In the expansion model, we study e-commerce sellers' risk aversion and capital constraints, and further explore their impact on blockchain in practice. Finally, combining with blockchain's characteristics, we also analyze the impact of the application of blockchain at other aspects on the supply chain. We find that when consumers' trust in information is low or the cost of blockchain applications is low, all e-commerce sellers in competition will adopt blockchain. In addition, when consumers have low trust in information, it will be difficult to achieve complete equilibrium in the application of blockchain as their risk aversion increases. For capital constrained sellers, when the cost of blockchain application is low, it will be difficult to achieve full equilibrium for blockchain applicants as the bank financing rate increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuguang Song
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124 China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication, Communication University of China, Beijing, 100024 China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124 China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Visible-light photoredox catalysis has attracted tremendous interest within the synthetic community. As such, the activation mode potentially provides a more sustainable and efficient platform for the activation of organic molecules, enabling the invention of many controlled radical-involved reactions under mild conditions. In this context, amide synthesis via the strategy of photoredox catalysis has received growing interest due to the ubiquitous presence of this structural motif in numerous natural products, pharmaceuticals and functionalized materials. Employing this strategy, a wide variety of amides can be prepared effectively from halides, arenes and even alkanes under irradiation of visible light. These methods provide a robust alternative to well-established strategies for amide synthesis that involve condensation between a carboxylic acid and amine mediated by a stoichiometric activating agent. In this review, the representative progresses made on the synthesis of amides through visible light-mediated radical reactions are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China; (B.L.); (W.-J.X.)
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China; (B.L.); (W.-J.X.)
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China; (B.L.); (W.-J.X.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chang Y, Yao Y, Cui Z, Yang G, Li D, Wang L, Tang L. Changing antibiotic prescribing practices in outpatient primary care settings in China: Study protocol for a health information system-based cluster-randomised crossover controlled trial. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0259065. [PMID: 34995279 PMCID: PMC8741015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The overuse and abuse of antibiotics is a major risk factor for antibiotic resistance in primary care settings of China. In this study, the effectiveness of an automatically-presented, privacy-protecting, computer information technology (IT)-based antibiotic feedback intervention will be evaluated to determine whether it can reduce antibiotic prescribing rates and unreasonable prescribing behaviours.
Methods
We will pilot and develop a cluster-randomised, open controlled, crossover, superiority trial. A total of 320 outpatient physicians in 6 counties of Guizhou province who met the standard will be randomly divided into intervention group and control group with a primary care hospital being the unit of cluster allocation. In the intervention group, the three components of the feedback intervention included: 1. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based real-time warnings of improper antibiotic use; 2. Pop-up windows of antibiotic prescription rate ranking; 3. Distribution of educational manuals. In the control group, no form of intervention will be provided. The trial will last for 6 months and will be divided into two phases of three months each. The two groups will crossover after 3 months. The primary outcome is the 10-day antibiotic prescription rate of physicians. The secondary outcome is the rational use of antibiotic prescriptions. The acceptability and feasibility of this feedback intervention study will be evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative assessment methods.
Discussion
This study will overcome limitations of our previous study, which only focused on reducing antibiotic prescription rates. AI techniques and an educational intervention will be used in this study to effectively reduce antibiotic prescription rates and antibiotic irregularities. This study will also provide new ideas and approaches for further research in this area.
Trial registration
ISRCTN, ID: ISRCTN13817256. Registered on 11 January 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (GY); (DL)
| | - Yuanfan Yao
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhezhe Cui
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nan’ning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Guanghong Yang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (GY); (DL)
| | - Duan Li
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (GY); (DL)
| | - Lei Wang
- Primary Health Department of Guizhou Provincial Health Commission, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Lei Tang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiang W, Qi X. Pricing and assembly rate decisions for a prefabricated construction supply chain under subsidy policies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261896. [PMID: 34990462 PMCID: PMC8735663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prefabricated construction has attracted worldwide concern and promotion due to its environmental friendliness, high quality, and high efficiency. In China, the application of prefabricated construction still lags due to its high cost. To improve prefabricated construction development, the Chinese government and provinces have launched subsidy policies for different objects that offer subsidies to the assembler, the manufacturer, or consumers. Subsidy policies for different subsidy objects have different impacts on the manufacturer wholesale price and assembler retail price and assembly rate and make their decisions more complicated. Therefore, this study uses game theory and builds three models to analyze the effects of government subsidies on manufacturer pricing, assembler pricing, assembly rate decisions, and profit. We find that government subsidy policies can bring more profit to prefabricated construction enterprises, reduce their costs, and benefit the promotion of prefabricated construction. Through comparison and numerical analysis, we also find that when the government subsidizes enterprises more, it is better to subsidize the assembler, because it is good for all three parties. First, consumers can obtain a lower retail price. Second, enterprises can obtain more profits. Finally, for the government, this approach can increase the demand for prefabricated construction and increase the assembly rate, which is conducive to the promotion of prefabricated construction. When the government subsidizes customers more, it is better for the assembler and the manufacturer to subsidize customers, because they can obtain more profits. It is better for the government and customers to subsidize the assembler or the manufacture, because consumers can get the lower retail price. Although the assembly rate and enterprises’ profits are not optimal, they have also been improved. In addition, when the government directly subsidizes enterprises, the enterprises will actively cooperate with the subsidy policy and are more willing to adopt prefabricated construction. This approach will benefit the promotion of prefabricated construction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xian Qi
- College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu J, Zhou J. How the configurations of job autonomy, work–family interference, and demographics boost job satisfaction: an empirical study using fsQCA. Asian Bus Manage 2022; 21:547-568. [PMCID: PMC7565726 DOI: 10.1057/s41291-020-00138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the gig economy era, job characteristics that affect employees’ job satisfaction have undergone significant changes. However, this has not been studied adequately in the context of Asia. This study applies the job demand–resource model to understand the effect of job autonomy and work–family interference on the job satisfaction of full-time and part-time employees in China, while considering the role of demographics. A total of 415 respondents were analyzed through fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis. The results show that the employees’ demographics have a corrective effect on the impact of job characteristics and job satisfaction. This study also identifies six causal conditions for the high job satisfaction of full-time employees and three causal conditions for part-time employees. Our research finds that full-time employees need high job autonomy, while part-time employees need low work–family interference. The results provide guidelines for managers to redesign jobs in the era of the gig economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111, North Erhuan Road, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Jianan Zhou
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, No.111, North Erhuan Road, Chengdu, 610031 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang B, Yu Z, Cai Y. A spread model of COVID-19 with some strict anti-epidemic measures. Nonlinear Dyn 2022; 109:265-284. [PMID: 35283556 PMCID: PMC8900482 DOI: 10.1007/s11071-022-07244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the absence of specific drugs and vaccines, the best way to control the spread of COVID-19 is to adopt and diligently implement effective and strict anti-epidemic measures. In this paper, a mathematical spread model is proposed based on strict epidemic prevention measures and the known spreading characteristics of COVID-19. The equilibria (disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium) and the basic regenerative number of the model are analyzed. In particular, we prove the asymptotic stability of the equilibria, including locally and globally asymptotic stability. In order to validate the effectiveness of this model, it is used to simulate the spread of COVID-19 in Hubei Province of China for a period of time. The model parameters are estimated by the real data related to COVID-19 in Hubei. To further verify the model effectiveness, it is employed to simulate the spread of COVID-19 in Hunan Province of China. The mean relative error serves to measure the effect of fitting and simulations. Simulation results show that the model can accurately describe the spread dynamics of COVID-19. Sensitivity analysis of the parameters is also done to provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures. According to the sensitivity analysis and corresponding simulations, it is found that the most effective non-pharmaceutical intervention measures for controlling COVID-19 are to reduce the contact rate of the population and increase the quarantine rate of infected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Automation, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Yu
- Institute of Systems Security and Control, College of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Cai
- Department of Automation, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu M, Yin P, Hu F, Jiang J, Yin L, Li Y, Wang S. Integrating genome-wide association and transcriptome prediction model identifies novel target genes for osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2493-2503. [PMID: 34142171 PMCID: PMC8608767 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this study, we integrated large-scale GWAS summary data and used the predicted transcriptome-wide association study method to discover novel genes associated with osteoporosis. We identified 204 candidate genes, which provide novel clues for understanding the genetic mechanism of osteoporosis and indicate potential therapeutic targets. INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a highly polygenetic disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of the bone microarchitecture. Our objective was to discover novel candidate genes associated with osteoporosis. METHODS To identify potential causal genes of the associated loci, we investigated trait-gene expression associations using the transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) method. This method directly imputes gene expression effects from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data using a statistical prediction model trained on GTEx reference transcriptome data. We then performed a colocalization analysis to evaluate the posterior probability of biological patterns: associations characterized by a single causal variant or multiple distinct causal variants. Finally, a functional enrichment analysis of gene sets was performed using the VarElect and CluePedia tools, which assess the causal relationships between genes and a disease and search for potential gene's functional pathways. The osteoporosis-associated genes were further confirmed based on the differentially expressed genes profiled from mRNA expression data of bone tissue. RESULTS Our analysis identified 204 candidate genes, including 154 genes that have been previously associated with osteoporosis, 50 genes that have not been previously discovered. A biological function analysis found that 20 of the candidate genes were directly associated with osteoporosis. Further analysis of multiple gene expression profiles showed that 15 genes were differentially expressed in patients with osteoporosis. Among these, SLC11A2, MAP2K5, NFATC4, and HSP90B1 were enriched in four pathways, namely, mineral absorption pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which indicates a causal relationship with the occurrence of osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that transcriptome fine-mapping identifies more osteoporosis-related genes and provides key insight into the development of novel targeted therapeutics for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Zhu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - P Yin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - F Hu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Jiang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - L Yin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Li
- AnLan AI, Shenzhen, China
| | - S Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Y, Xu X, Zhou Y, Xu J, Dong X, Li X, Yin S, Wen D. Coupling feature extraction method of resting state EEG Signals from amnestic mild cognitive impairment with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on weight permutation conditional mutual information. Cogn Neurodyn 2021; 15:987-997. [PMID: 34790266 PMCID: PMC8572246 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-021-09682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to find a good coupling feature extraction method to effectively analyze resting state EEG signals (rsEEG) of amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI) with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and normal control (NC) with T2DM. A method of EEG signal coupling feature extraction based on weight permutation conditional mutual information (WPCMI) was proposed in this research. With the WPCMI method, coupling feature strength of two time series in Alpha1, Alpha2, Beta1, Beta2 and Gamma bands for aMCI with T2DM and NC with T2DM could be extracted respectively. Then selected three frequency bands coupling feature matrix with the help of multi-spectral image transformation method to map it as spectral image characteristics. And finally classified these characteristics through the convolution neural network method(CNN). For aMCI with T2DM and NC with T2DM, the highest classification accuracy of 96%, 95%, 95% could be achieved respectively in the combination of three frequency bands (Alpha1, Alpha2, Gamma), (Beta1, Beta2 and Gamma) and (Alpha2, Beta1, Beta2). This WPCMI method highlighted the coupling dynamic characteristics of EEG signals, and its classification performance was better than all previous methods in aMCI with T2DM diagnosis field. WPCMI method could be used as an effective biomarker to distinguish EEG signals of aMCI with T2DM and NC with T2DM. The coupling feature extraction method used in this paper provided a new perspective for the EEG analysis of aMCI with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Liu
- School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- School of Mathematics and Information Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xianling Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- The National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Rocket Force Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wen
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yao L, Li M, Sun S, Xu M, Yu S, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Zheng H, Zhong Z, Ma S, Huang H, Wang H. Multimodal brain imaging effect of "Adjust Zang-fu and Arouse Spirit" electroacupuncture on diabetic cognitive impairment: study protocol of a randomized, sham-controlled pilot trial. Trials 2021; 22:847. [PMID: 34823569 PMCID: PMC8620192 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a serious chronic complication caused by diabetes. The pathogenesis of DCI is complex, but brain nerve injury and brain nerve cell apoptosis are important pathological changes. Multimodal brain imaging is one of the most important techniques to study the neural mechanism of the brain. For the clinical treatment of DCI, there is no effective targeted Western medicine and a lack of clear drug intervention methods. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find effective complementary and alternative methods and clarify their mechanism. This research seeks to explore the multimodal brain imaging effect of "Adjust Zang-fu and Arouse Spirit" electroacupuncture for DCI. METHODS This clinical research will be a randomized, sham-controlled pilot trial. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 60) and the control group (n = 30). The intervention group will be divided into the "Adjust Zang-fu and Arouse Spirit" electroacupuncture group (n = 30) and sham electroacupuncture group (n = 30). All participants will continue to receive routine hypoglycemic therapy. The treatment period is the same in both groups. The primary outcomes include functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). The secondary outcomes include blood glucose and blood lipid tests, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), Hachinski Ischemic Scale (HIS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and before and after treatment, and adverse events will be examined. Inter- and intragroup analyses will be performed. DISCUSSION This randomized controlled study, combined with multimodal brain imaging techniques and a clinical evaluation scale, was designed to explore the mechanism of "Adjust Zang-fu and Arouse Spirit" electroacupuncture in improving the central nervous system in DCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registration ChiCTR2000040268 . Registered on 26 November 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Shunan Sun
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Haizhu Zheng
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Zhen Zhong
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Shiqi Ma
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Haipeng Huang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No.1035 Boshuo Road, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cao H, Liu J, Du T, Liu Y, Zhang X, Guo Y, Wang J, Zhou X, Li X, Yang G, Shi X. Circular RNA screening identifies circMYLK4 as a regulator of fast/slow myofibers in porcine skeletal muscles. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 297:87-99. [PMID: 34786637 PMCID: PMC8803689 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The type of myofiber is related to the quality of meat. The slow oxidized myofiber helps to increase the tenderness and juiciness of muscle. Numerous studies have shown that circRNA plays a key role in skeletal muscle development. However, the role of circRNA in porcine skeletal myofiber types is unclear. In this study, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing to study the differential expression of circRNA in the longissimus dorsi and the soleus muscle. A total of 40,757 circRNAs were identified, of which 181 were significantly different. Interestingly, some circRNAs were involved in metabolism pathways, AMPK, FoxO, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Besides, we focused on a novel circRNA-circMYLK4. By injecting circMYLK4-AAV into piglets, we found that circMYLK4 significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of the slow muscle marker genes. In summary, our study laid an essential foundation for further research of circRNA in myofiber type conversion and higher meat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jieming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianning Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin'e Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xiao K, Zhu H, Zhu X, Liu Z, Wang Y, Pu W, Guan P, Hu J. Overexpression of PsoRPM3, an NBS-LRR gene isolated from myrobalan plum, confers resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in tobacco. Plant Mol Biol 2021; 107:129-146. [PMID: 34596818 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGES We reported an NBS-LRR gene, PsoRPM3, is highly expressed following RKN infection, initiating an HR response that promotes plant resistance. Meloidogyne spp. are root-knot nematodes (RKNs) that cause substantial economic losses worldwide. Screening for resistant tree resources and identifying plant resistance genes is currently the most effective way to prevent RKN infestations. Here, we cloned a novel TIR-NB-LRR-type resistance gene, PsoRPM3, from Xinjiang wild myrobalan plum (Prunus sogdiana Vassilcz.) and demonstrated that its protein product localized to the nucleus. In response to Meloidogyne incognita infection, PsoRPM3 gene expression levels were significantly higher in resistant myrobalan plum plants compared to susceptible plants. We investigated this difference, discovering that the - 309 to - 19 bp region of the susceptible PsoRPM3 promoter was highly methylated. Indeed, heterologous expression of PsoRPM3 significantly enhanced the resistance of susceptible tobacco plants to M. incognita. Moreover, transient expression of PsoRPM3 induced a hypersensitive response in tobacco, whereas RNAi-mediated silencing of PsoRPM3 in transgenic tobacco reduced this hypersensitive response. Several hypersensitive response marker genes were considerably up-regulated in resistant myrobalan plum plants when compared with susceptible counterparts inoculated with M. incognita. PsoPR1a (a SA marker gene), PsoPR2 (a JA marker gene), and PsoACS6 (an ET signaling marker gene) were all more highly expressed in resistant than in susceptible plants. Together, these results support a model in which PsoRPM3 is highly expressed following RKN infection, initiating an HR response that promotes plant resistance through activated salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xiao
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjiang Pu
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingyin Guan
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfang Hu
- Laboratory of Fruit Physiology and Molecular Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang XY, Guan XH, Yu ZP, Wu J, Huang QM, Deng KY, Xin HB. Human amniotic stem cells-derived exosmal miR-181a-5p and miR-199a inhibit melanogenesis and promote melanosome degradation in skin hyperpigmentation, respectively. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:501. [PMID: 34507619 PMCID: PMC8431893 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02570-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperpigmentation of skin is caused by an imbalance between the melanosome/melanin synthesis in melanocytes and the melanosome/melanin degradation in keratinocytes. Although studies showed that stem cells play a role in hypopigmentation, the underlying mechanisms are far not elucidated. Human amniotic stem cells (hASCs) including human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) were considered to be a promising cell source for stem cells-based therapy of many diseases clinically due to their pluripotent potential, no tumorigenesis and immunogenicity, no ethical issues, and potent paracrine effects. Here, we reported that both hASCs and their conditional medium (CM) had a potent anti-hyperpigmentation in skin in vivo and in vitro. METHODS hAESCs and hAMSCs were identified by RT-PCR, flow cytometric analysis and immunofluorescence. Effects of hASCs and hASC-CM on pigmentation were evaluated in B16F10 cells stimulated with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and mouse ears or human skin substitutes treated with ultraviolet radiation B (UVB). Expressions of the key proteins related with melanogenesis and autophagic flux were detected by western blot in B16F10 cells for further exploring the effects and the underlying mechanisms of hAESC-CM and hAMSC-CM on melanogenesis and melanosome degradation. The hAMSCs exosomes-derived miRNAs were determined by sequencing. RT-PCR, western blot, melanin content analysis and luciferase activity assay were used to determine the hypopigmentation of miR-181a-5p and miR-199a. RESULTS In our study, we observed that both hASCs and their CM significantly alleviated the α-MSH in B16F10 cells or UVB-induced hyperpigmentation in mouse ears or human skin substitutes by suppressing melanin synthesis and promoting melanosome degradation in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-181a-5p and miR-199a derived from hASCs exosomes remarkably inhibited melanogenesis by suppressing MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) which is a master regulator for governing melanogenesis and promoting melanosome degradation through activating autophagy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our studies provided strong evidence that the conditional medium and exosomes derived from hAMSCs inhibit skin hyperpigmentation by suppressing melanogenesis and promoting melanosome degradation, indicating that the hASCs exosomes or their released microRNAs might be as reagents for cell-free therapy in hyperpigmented disorders clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Guan
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhen-Ping Yu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Wu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi-Ming Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ke-Yu Deng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang K, Xuan W, Yikui B, Xiuquan X. Prediction of sediment transport capacity based on slope gradients and flow discharge. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256827. [PMID: 34492049 PMCID: PMC8423265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sediment transport capacity (Tc) is an essential parameter in the establishment of the slope soil erosion model. Slope type is an important crucial factor affecting sediment transport capacity of overland flow, and vegetation can effectively inhibit soil loss. Two new formulae of sediment transport capacity (Tc) are proposed of brown soil slope and vegetation slope in this study and evaluate the influence of slope gradient (S) and flow discharge (Q) on sediment transport capacity of different slope types. Laboratory experiments conducted using four flow discharges (0.35, 0.45, 0.55, and 0.65 L s-1), four slope gradients (3, 6, 9, and 12°), and two kinds of underlying surface (Brown soil slope, Vegetation slope). The soil particle size range is 0.05–0.5mm. The vegetation stems were 2mm in diameter and randomly arranged. The results show that the sediment transport capacity was positively correlated with the flow discharge and slope gradient. The vegetation slope’s average sediment transport capacity is 11.80% higher than the brown soil slope that same discharge and slope gradient conditions. The sensitivity of sediment transport capacity to flow discharge on brown soil slope is higher than that of slope gradient. The sensitivity of sediment transport capacity of vegetation slope to slope gradient is more heightened than flow discharge. The sediment transport capacity was well predicted by discharge and slope gradient on brown soil slope (R2 = 0.982) and vegetation slope (R2 = 0.993). This method is helpful to promote the study of the sediment transport process on overland flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Soil Erosion Control and Ecological Restoration in Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Wang Xuan
- College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Soil Erosion Control and Ecological Restoration in Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (WX); (BY)
| | - Bai Yikui
- College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (WX); (BY)
| | - Xu Xiuquan
- College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Soil Erosion Control and Ecological Restoration in Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhou K, Xu Y, Zhang R, Qian PY. Arms race in a cell: genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic insights into intracellular phage-bacteria interplay in deep-sea snail holobionts. Microbiome 2021; 9:182. [PMID: 34479645 PMCID: PMC8418041 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep-sea animals in hydrothermal vents often form endosymbioses with chemosynthetic bacteria. Endosymbionts serve essential biochemical and ecological functions, but the prokaryotic viruses (phages) that determine their fate are unknown. RESULTS We conducted metagenomic analysis of a deep-sea vent snail. We assembled four genome bins for Caudovirales phages that had developed dual endosymbiosis with sulphur-oxidising bacteria (SOB) and methane-oxidising bacteria (MOB). Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) spacer mapping, genome comparison, and transcriptomic profiling revealed that phages Bin1, Bin2, and Bin4 infected SOB and MOB. The observation of prophages in the snail endosymbionts and expression of the phage integrase gene suggested the presence of lysogenic infection, and the expression of phage structural protein and lysozyme genes indicated active lytic infection. Furthermore, SOB and MOB appear to employ adaptive CRISPR-Cas systems to target phage DNA. Additional expressed defence systems, such as innate restriction-modification systems and dormancy-inducing toxin-antitoxin systems, may co-function and form multiple lines for anti-viral defence. To counter host defence, phages Bin1, Bin2, and Bin3 appear to have evolved anti-restriction mechanisms and expressed methyltransferase genes that potentially counterbalance host restriction activity. In addition, the high-level expression of the auxiliary metabolic genes narGH, which encode nitrate reductase subunits, may promote ATP production, thereby benefiting phage DNA packaging for replication. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into phage-bacteria interplay in intracellular environments of a deep-sea vent snail. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhou
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen University-HKUST Joint Marine Science Ph.D. Program, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Shenzhen University-HKUST Joint Marine Science Ph.D. Program, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University (Xiang'an), Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519080, China.
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu Y, Wu J, Zhang X, Tian J, Lu Y, Guo T. Effects of Paired Associative Stimulation on Metabolites in Ischemia Stroke Rats Model as Studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2495-2504. [PMID: 34231112 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Paired associated stimulation (PAS) has been confirmed to play a role in motor recovery after stroke, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we employed a comprehensive battery of measurements, including behavioral test, electrophysiology and 1H-NMR approaches, to investigate the therapeutic effects of PAS in rat model of cerebral ischemia and its underlying mechanism. Rats were randomly divided into a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion group (tMCAO group), a tMCAO + PAS group (PAS group), and a sham group. PAS was applied over 7 consecutive days in PAS group. The behavioral function of rats was evaluated by modified Garcia Scores and Rota-rod test. Electrophysiological changes were measured by motor evoked potentials (MEP). Metabolic changes of ischemic penumbra were detected by 1H-NMR. After PAS intervention, the performances on Rota-rod test and Garcia test improved and the amplitude of MEP increased significantly. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in penumbra cortex was decreased significantly, whereas the glutamate showed the opposite changes. The results suggested that post-stroke recovery promoted by PAS may be related to the metabolites alteration in ischemic penumbra and also regulate the excitability of motor cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yinshan Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tiecheng Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, 430000, Hubei Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Existing research has shown that university–industry collaboration (UIC) helps a firm achieve superior innovation outcomes. However, little is known about how UIC affects firm innovation when considering interfirm alliances. In this paper, we examine the influence of UIC on firm innovation performance by considering the interfirm alliance network. Based on a panel of 285 biopharmaceutical firms across the world over a thirty-year period from 1985 to 2014, we find that UIC enhances firm innovation performance. More alliances with other firms hinder the positive effect of UIC on firm innovation, whereas technological diversity strengthens the influence of UIC. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Tian
- School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Yiwei Su
- School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Zhong Yang
- School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ballerstedt H, Tiso T, Wierckx N, Wei R, Averous L, Bornscheuer U, O’Connor K, Floehr T, Jupke A, Klankermayer J, Liu L, de Lorenzo V, Narancic T, Nogales J, Perrin R, Pollet E, Prieto A, Casey W, Haarmann T, Sarbu A, Schwaneberg U, Xin F, Dong W, Xing J, Chen GQ, Tan T, Jiang M, Blank LM. MIXed plastics biodegradation and UPcycling using microbial communities: EU Horizon 2020 project MIX-UP started January 2020. Environ Sci Eur 2021; 33:99. [PMID: 34458054 PMCID: PMC8380104 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-021-00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This article introduces the EU Horizon 2020 research project MIX-UP, "Mixed plastics biodegradation and upcycling using microbial communities". The project focuses on changing the traditional linear value chain of plastics to a sustainable, biodegradable based one. Plastic mixtures contain five of the top six fossil-based recalcitrant plastics [polyethylene (PE), polyurethane (PUR), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS)], along with upcoming bioplastics polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and polylactate (PLA) will be used as feedstock for microbial transformations. Consecutive controlled enzymatic and microbial degradation of mechanically pre-treated plastics wastes combined with subsequent microbial conversion to polymers and value-added chemicals by mixed cultures. Known plastic-degrading enzymes will be optimised by integrated protein engineering to achieve high specific binding capacities, stability, and catalytic efficacy towards a broad spectrum of plastic polymers under high salt and temperature conditions. Another focus lies in the search and isolation of novel enzymes active on recalcitrant polymers. MIX-UP will formulate enzyme cocktails tailored to specific waste streams and strives to enhance enzyme production significantly. In vivo and in vitro application of these cocktails enable stable, self-sustaining microbiomes to convert the released plastic monomers selectively into value-added products, key building blocks, and biomass. Any remaining material recalcitrant to the enzymatic activities will be recirculated into the process by physicochemical treatment. The Chinese-European MIX-UP consortium is multidisciplinary and industry-participating to address the market need for novel sustainable routes to valorise plastic waste streams. The project's new workflow realises a circular (bio)plastic economy and adds value to present poorly recycled plastic wastes where mechanical and chemical plastic recycling show limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Ballerstedt
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Till Tiso
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm Johnen Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ren Wei
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Luc Averous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Uwe Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kevin O’Connor
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tilman Floehr
- everwave GmbH, Strüverweg 116, 52070 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jupke
- Fluid Process Engineering, Aachen Process Technology (AVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klankermayer
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Luo Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology (CLST), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beisanhuan EastRoad 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 PR China
| | - Victor de Lorenzo
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Biological Research Center (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tanja Narancic
- BiOrbic Bioeconomy SFI Research Centre, UCD Earth Institute and School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Juan Nogales
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Biological Research Center (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rémi Perrin
- SOPREMA, Direction R&D, 14 Rue Saint Nazaire, 67100 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Pollet
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Auxiliadora Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Biological Research Center (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - William Casey
- Bioplastech Ltd., Nova UCD, Belfield Innovation Park, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thomas Haarmann
- AB Enzymes GmbH, Feldbergstraße 78, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Alexandru Sarbu
- SOPREMA, Direction R&D, 14 Rue Saint Nazaire, 67100 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Fengxue Xin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 PR China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 PR China
| | - Jiamin Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering (IPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190 PR China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences (SLS), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 PR China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- College of Life Science and Technology (CLST), Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beisanhuan EastRoad 15, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 PR China
| | - Lars M. Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhao H, Lu X, Lun W, Li T, Rao B, Wang D, Wu D, Qiu F, Yang Z, Lu J. Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in a mid-size city of China. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:793. [PMID: 34376168 PMCID: PMC8353423 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An outbreak of pneumonia, COVID-19 associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city and then rapidly spread to other cities. Wenzhou is located approximately 900 km from Wuhan, which was experiencing an outbreak that was severe at the time but is considered modest as the epidemic became a pandemic. We described the epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 outside of the epicenter to help understand the transmission pattern in a mid-sized Chinese city. METHODS To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19, we described case series of 473 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China from January 27 to March 16, 2020. We described the public health interventions of COVID-19 and evaluated the effect of interventions by the effective reproduction number (Rt). RESULTS The median age of all patients was 47.6 years, 48.4% of whom were female. 33.8% of the patients had a history of residence in Wuhan. Fever (71.7%) and cough (43.1%) were the most common symptoms. In addition, three kinds of unconventional cases were observed, namely 4.9% asymptomatic patients, 7.6% confirmed patients who had no link to Wuhan city but contact with individuals from Wuhan without any symptoms at the time of contact, and 12.9% confirmed patients who had an unknown source of transmission. We estimated that the basic reproductive number (R0) was 2.75 (95% CI: 2.37-3.23). The Rt fluctuated within the range of 2.50 to 3.74 from January 11 to January 16 while gradually reached a peak of 3.74 on January 16. Rt gradually decreased after January 16 and decreased to 1.00 on January 30. Rt continually decreased and reached the lowest point (0.03) on February 21, 2020. CONCLUSION Our study presented the possibility of asymptomatic carriers affected with SARS-CoV-2, and transmission by these three kinds of unconventional patients in Wenzhou may be an important characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The evaluation showed that a series of multifaceted interventions proved effective in controlling the epidemic of COVID-19. These findings might provide valuable examples of control policies for countries or areas in combatting the global pandemic of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Zhao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Public Health, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Lu
- Department of English and American Studies, Faculty of Languages and Literatures, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Wenhui Lun
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Public Health, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Tiegang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, No. 62 Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Boqi Rao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Public Health, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Dedong Wang
- Guangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Di Wu
- Guangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Fuman Qiu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Public Health, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Guangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute for Public Health, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu C, Cheng ZY, Xia QP, Hu YH, Wang C, He L. GPR40 receptor agonist TAK-875 improves cognitive deficits and reduces β-amyloid production in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2133-2146. [PMID: 34173034 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and memory impairment. G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) is expressed in brain in addition to periphery and is associated with cognitive function such as space orientation, memory, and learning. However, the effects and mechanisms of GPR40 agonist in improving the AD progression remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of a potent and selective GPR40 agonist TAK-875 on the APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. RESULTS The results showed that intracerebroventricular administration of TAK-875 significantly rescued cognitive deficits in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice, and these effects may be mediated by the regulation of phospholipase C/protein kinase C signaling pathway, which enhanced α-secretase ADAM10 activity, promoted amyloid precursor protein non-amyloidogenic processing pathway, and reduced β-amyloid production. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GPR40 may be a potential therapeutic target for AD, and GPR40 agonists may become promising AD drugs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su Province, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su Province, China
| | - Qing-Peng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su Province, China
| | - Yu-Hui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su Province, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su Province, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, Jiang Su Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
RATIONALE Noradrenaline (NE) is closely related to attentive performance and impulsive control. However, the potential sex differences regarding attention and impulsivity under the noradrenergic modulation have been largely neglected. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate whether male and female rats exhibit differential responses to NE-related drugs during the five-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRT). METHODS Male and female rats were trained in 5CSRT and administered with different NE drugs after obtaining stable baseline performance: atipamezole, a highly selective α2 receptor antagonist; prazosin, an α1 receptor antagonist; and atomoxetine, a selective NE reuptake inhibitor. Later, prazosin was selected to co-administration with atomoxetine. RESULTS Male and female rats exhibited equal learning speed, and no significant baseline differences were found as measured by the 5CSRT. Atomoxetine decreased premature responses in both sexes, but the extent of this reduction was different, with the reduction greater in males. Besides, atomoxetine (1.8 mg/kg) increased the error of omissions in females. The high dose of prazosin (0.5 mg/kg) decreased the accuracy only in male rats, but this was ameliorated by the co-administration with atomoxetine. CONCLUSIONS Atomoxetine showed significant improvement in impulsivity, but atomoxetine had less beneficial effects on impulsive control in females than in males, and it even impaired attentional performance in female rats. The α1 receptors were mainly responsible for NE drug-related sex differences in attention rather than impulsivity. The results obtained in this study indicate that the sex differences exist in both attention and impulsivity by the modulation of noradrenaline and raise the concern to improve sex-specific treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Mei
- College of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Lutong Wang
- College of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xinwang Li
- College of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fang P, Arens P, Liu X, Zhang X, Lakwani D, Foucher F, Clotault J, Geike J, Kaufmann H, Debener T, Bai Y, Zhang Z, Smulders MJM. Analysis of allelic variants of RhMLO genes in rose and functional studies on susceptibility to powdery mildew related to clade V homologs. Theor Appl Genet 2021; 134:2495-2515. [PMID: 33934211 PMCID: PMC8277636 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rose has 19 MLO genes. Of these, RhMLO1 and RhMLO2 were shown to be required for powdery mildew infection, which suggests their potential as susceptibility targets towards disease resistance. Powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera pannosa, is one of the most serious and widespread fungal diseases for roses, especially in greenhouse-grown cut roses. It has been shown that certain MLO genes are involved in powdery mildew susceptibility and that loss of function in these genes in various crops leads to broad-spectrum, long-lasting resistance against this fungal disease. For this reason, these MLO genes are called susceptibility genes. We carried out a genome-wide identification of the MLO gene family in the Rosa chinensis genome, and screened for allelic variants among 22 accessions from seven different Rosa species using re-sequencing and transcriptome data. We identified 19 MLO genes in rose, of which four are candidate genes for functional homologs in clade V, which is the clade containing all dicot MLO susceptibility genes. We detected a total of 198 different allelic variants in the set of Rosa species and accessions, corresponding to 5-15 different alleles for each of the genes. Some diploid Rosa species shared alleles with tetraploid rose cultivars, consistent with the notion that diploid species have contributed to the formation of tetraploid roses. Among the four RhMLO genes in clade V, we demonstrated using expression study, virus-induced gene silencing as well as transient RNAi silencing that two of them, RhMLO1 and RhMLO2, are required for infection by P. pannosa and suggest their potential as susceptibility targets for powdery mildew resistance breeding in rose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Fang
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Paul Arens
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xintong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Deepika Lakwani
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRAE, Université D’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Fabrice Foucher
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRAE, Université D’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Jérémy Clotault
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRAE, Université D’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Juliane Geike
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding Unit, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helgard Kaufmann
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding Unit, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Debener
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding Unit, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jianan Z, Li W, Zhang Y, Song W, Jiang H, Zhao J, Zhan Y, Teng W, Qiu L, Zhao X, Han Y. Identification of glutathione transferase gene associated with partial resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot of soybean using genome-wide association and linkage mapping. Theor Appl Genet 2021; 134:2699-2709. [PMID: 34057551 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Association and linkage mapping techniques were used to identify and verify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum resistance. A novel resistant gene, GmGST , was cloned and shown to be involved in soybean resistance to SSR. Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most devastating diseases in soybean (Glycine max (Linn.) Merr.) However, the genetic architecture underlying soybean resistance to SSR is poorly understood, despite several mapping and gene mining studies. In the present study, the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in the resistance to S. sclerotiorum was conducted in two segregating populations: an association population that consisted of 261 diverse soybean germplasms, and the MH population, derived from a cross between a partially resistant cultivar (Maple arrow) and a susceptible cultivar (Hefeng25). Three and five genomic regions affecting resistance were detected by genome-wide association study to control the lesion length of stems (LLS) and the death rate of seedling (DRS), respectively. Four QTLs were detected to underlie LLS, and one QTL controlled DRS after SSR infection. A major locus on chromosome (Chr.) 13 (qDRS13-1), which affected both DRS and LLS, was detected in both the natural population and the MH population. GmGST, encoding a glutathione S-transferase, was cloned as a candidate gene in qDRS13-1. GmGST was upregulated by the induction of the partially resistant cultivar Maple arrow. Transgenic experiments showed that the overexpression of GmGST in soybean increased resistance to S. sclerotiorum and the content of soluble pigment in stems of soybean. The results increase our understanding of the genetic architecture of soybean resistance to SSR and provide a framework for the future marker-assisted breeding of resistant soybean cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zou Jianan
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wei Song
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Haipeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jingyun Zhao
- Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Yuhang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Weili Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- Institute of Crop Science, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yingpeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
RAS mutations (HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS) are among the most common oncogenes, and around 19% of patients with cancer harbor RAS mutations. Cells harboring RAS mutations tend to undergo malignant transformation and exhibit malignant phenotypes. The mutational status of RAS correlates with the clinicopathological features of patients, such as mucinous type and poor differentiation, as well as response to anti-EGFR therapies in certain types of human cancers. Although RAS protein had been considered as a potential target for tumors with RAS mutations, it was once referred to as a undruggable target due to the consecutive failure in the discovery of RAS protein inhibitors. However, recent studies on the structure, signaling, and function of RAS have shed light on the development of RAS-targeting drugs, especially with the approval of Lumakras (sotorasib, AMG510) in treatment of KRASG12C-mutant NSCLC patients. Therefore, here we fully review RAS mutations in human cancer and especially focus on emerging strategies that have been recently developed for RAS-targeting therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ling Qian
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shi H, Huang X, Chen X, Yang Y, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wu F, Zhou J, Yao C, Ma G, Du A. Acyl-CoA oxidase ACOX-1 interacts with a peroxin PEX-5 to play roles in larval development of Haemonchus contortus. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009767. [PMID: 34270617 PMCID: PMC8354476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypobiosis (facultative developmental arrest) is the most important life-cycle adaptation ensuring survival of parasitic nematodes under adverse conditions. Little is known about such survival mechanisms, although ascarosides (ascarylose with fatty acid-derived side chains) have been reported to mediate the formation of dauer larvae in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we investigated the role of a key gene acox-1, in the larval development of Haemonchus contortus, one of the most important parasitic nematodes that employ hypobiosis as a routine survival mechanism. In this parasite, acox-1 encodes three proteins (ACOXs) that all show a fatty acid oxidation activity in vitro and in vivo, and interact with a peroxin PEX-5 in peroxisomes. In particular, a peroxisomal targeting signal type1 (PTS1) sequence is required for ACOX-1 to be recognised by PEX-5. Analyses on developmental transcription and tissue expression show that acox-1 is predominantly expressed in the intestine and hypodermis of H. contortus, particularly in the early larval stages in the environment and the arrested fourth larval stage within host animals. Knockdown of acox-1 and pex-5 in parasitic H. contortus shows that these genes play essential roles in the post-embryonic larval development and likely in the facultative arrest of this species. A comprehensive understanding of these genes and the associated β-oxidation cycle of fatty acids should provide novel insights into the developmental regulation of parasitic nematodes, and into the discovery of novel interventions for species of socioeconomic importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhi Shi
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaocui Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqiu Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimin Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingru Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoqun Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts & Nevis
| | - Guangxu Ma
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (GM); (AD)
| | - Aifang Du
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (GM); (AD)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Guo R, Li H, Shi R, Wang Y. Intrathecal Injection of GRIP-siRNA Reduces Postoperative Synaptic Abundance of Kainate Receptor GluK2 Subunits in Rat Dorsal Horns and Pain Hypersensitivity. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1771-1780. [PMID: 33847855 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying postoperative pain differ from the inflammatory or neuropathic pain. Previous studies have demonstrated that intrathecal α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methy-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) -kainate (KA) receptor antagonist inhibits the guarding pain behavior and mechanical hyperalgesia, indicating a critical role of spinal KA receptors in postoperative pain hypersensitivity. However, how the functional regulations of spinal KA receptor subunits are involved in the postoperative pain hypersensitivity remains elusive. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the synaptic delivery of spinal KA receptor subunits and the interaction between KA receptor subunits and glutamate receptor-interacting protein (GRIP) during the postoperative pain. Our data indicated that plantar incision induced the synaptic delivery of GluK2, but not GluK1 or GluK3 in ipsilateral spinal cord dorsal horns. The co-immunoprecipitation showed an increased GluK2 -GRIP interaction in ipsilateral dorsal horn neurons at 6 h post-incision. Interestingly, Intrathecal pretreatment of GRIP siRNA increased the paw withdrawal thresholds to mechanical stimuli and decreased the cumulative pain scores in the paws ipsilateral to the incision at 6 h post-incision. Additionally, Intrathecal pretreatment of GRIP siRNA reduced the synaptic abundance of GluK2 in ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn at 6 h after plantar incision. In general, our data have demonstrated that the GluK2- GRIP interaction-mediated synaptic abundance of GluK2 in dorsal horn neurons plays an important role in the postoperative pain hypersensitivity. Disrupting the GluK2- GRIP interaction may provide a new approach for relieving postoperative pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang X, Wang M, Han Y. Model test study on the effect of dynamic compaction under low water content. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253981. [PMID: 34185800 PMCID: PMC8241070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic compaction is a cost-effective foundation treatment technology, that is widely used in various types and conditions of foundations. However, due to the limitation of natural conditions (water content between 3% and 8%) in north-western China, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the optimal water content during dynamic compaction. To better treat a foundation with a low water content, a series of model tests were carried out by using homemade test equipment to study the influence of the ramming energy and η value on the efficiency of dynamic compaction under a low water content. The results showed that the improvement of the energy level could compensate for the poor effect of dynamic compaction caused by a low water content in arid regions. Compared with that at the optimal water content, the efficiency of dynamic compaction was 58.1% to 66.2% at a low water content and excited the optimal energy level. Increasing the η value was also beneficial to improving the effect of dynamic compaction. Hence, the optimal energy level combined with the appropriate η value is of great merit in treating the foundation of arid regions by using the dynamic compaction method, which provides new parameter suggestions and engineering guidance for dynamic compaction construction in arid areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Zhang
- School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Min Wang
- School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yunshan Han
- School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li R, Shen W, Yang Y, Du J, Li M, Yang S. Investigation of the impact of a broad range of temperatures on the physiological and transcriptional profiles of Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 for high-temperature-tolerant recombinant strain development. Biotechnol Biofuels 2021; 14:146. [PMID: 34176507 PMCID: PMC8237431 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The model ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis has many advantages for diverse biochemical production. Although the impact of temperature especially high temperature on the growth and ethanol production of Z. mobilis has been reported, the transcriptional profiles of Z. mobilis grown at different temperatures have not been systematically investigated. In this study, Z. mobilis wild-type strain ZM4 was used to study the effect of a broad range of temperatures of 24, 30, 36, 40, and 45 °C on cell growth and morphology, glucose utilization and ethanol production, as well as the corresponding global gene expression profiles using RNA-Seq-based transcriptomics. In addition, a recombinant Z. mobilis strain expressing reporter gene EGFP (ZM4_EGFP) was constructed to study the effect of temperature on heterologous protein expression at different temperatures. Our result demonstrated that the effect of temperature on the growth and morphology of ZM4 and ZM4_EGFP were similar. The biomass of these two strains decreased along with the temperature increase, and an optimal temperature range is needed for efficient glucose utilization and ethanol production. Temperatures lower or higher than normal temperature investigated in this work was not favorable for the glucose utilization and ethanol production as well as the expression of exogenous protein EGFP based on the results of flow cytometry and Western blot. Temperature also affected the transcriptional profiles of Z. mobilis especially under high temperature. Compared with ZM4 cultured at 30 °C, 478 genes were up-regulated and 481 genes were down-regulated at 45 °C. The number of differentially expressed genes of ZM4 cultured at other temperatures (24, 36 or 40 °C) was relatively small though compared with those at 30 °C. Since temperature usually increases during the fermentation process, and heat tolerance is one of the important robustness traits of industrial strains, candidate genes related to heat resistance based on our RNA-Seq result and literature report were then selected for genetics study using the strategies of plasmid overexpression of candidate gene or replacement of the native promoter of candidate gene by an inducible Ptet promoter. The genetics studies indicated that ZMO0236, ZMO1335, ZMO0994, operon groESL, and cspL, which encodes Mrp family chromosome partitioning ATPase, flavoprotein WrbA, an uncharacterized protein, chaperonin Cpn10 and GroEL, and an exogenous cold shock protein, respectively, were associated with heat tolerance, and recombinant strains over-expressing these genes can improve their heat tolerance. Our work thus not only explored the effects of temperature on the expression of exogenous gene EGFP and endogenous genes, but also selected and confirmed several genes associated with heat tolerance in Z. mobilis, which provided a guidance on identifying candidate genes associated with phenotypic improvement through systems biology strategy and genetics studies for other microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, and School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhixing College of Hubei University, Wuhan, 430011 China
| | - Yongfu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, and School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Jun Du
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing, 100833 China
| | - Mian Li
- Zhejiang Huakang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kaihua County, Zhejiang China
| | - Shihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, and School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Khatun M, Monir MM, Xu T, Xu H, Zhu J. Genome-wide conditional association study reveals the influences of lifestyle cofactors on genetic regulation of body surface area in MESA population. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253167. [PMID: 34143809 PMCID: PMC8213052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Body surface area (BSA) is an important trait used for many clinical purposes. People's BSA may vary due to genetic background, race, and different lifestyle factors (such as walking, exercise, reading, smoking, transportation, etc.). GWAS of BSA was conducted on 5,324 subjects of four ethnic populations of European-American, African-American, Hispanic-American, and Chinese-American from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherocloris (MESA) data using unconditional and conditional full genetic models. In this study, fifteen SNPs were identified (Experiment-wise PEW < 1×10-5) using unconditional full genetic model, of which thirteen SNPs had individual genetic effects and seven SNPs were involved in four pairs of epistasis interactions. Seven single SNPs and eight pairs of epistasis SNPs were additionally identified using exercise, smoking, and transportation cofactor-conditional models. By comparing association analysis results from unconditional and cofactor conditional models, we observed three different scenarios: (i) genetic effects of several SNPs did not affected by cofactors, e.g., additive effect of gene CREB5 (a≙ -0.013 for T/T and 0.013 for G/G, -Log10 PEW = 8.240) did not change in the cofactor models; (ii) genetic effects of several SNPs affected by cofactors, e.g., the genetic additive effect (a≙ 0.012 for A/A and -0.012 for G/G, -Log10 PEW = 7.185) of SNP of the gene GRIN2A was not significant in transportation cofactor model; and (iii) genetic effects of several SNPs suppressed by cofactors, e.g., additive (a≙ -0.018 for G/G and 0.018 for C/C, -Log10 PEW = 19.737) and dominance (d≙ -0.038 for G/C, -Log10 PEW = 27.734) effects of SNP of gene ERBB4 was identified using only transportation cofactor model. Gene ontology analysis showed that several genes are related to the metabolic pathway of calcium compounds, coronary artery disease, type-2 Diabetes, Alzheimer disease, childhood obesity, sleeping duration, Parkinson disease, and cancer. This study revealed that lifestyle cofactors could contribute, suppress, increase or decrease the genetic effects of BSA associated genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mita Khatun
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Md. Mamun Monir
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (HX); (JZ)
| | - Jun Zhu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (HX); (JZ)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Recently, considering the susceptible population size-guided implementations of control measures, several modelling studies investigated the global dynamics and bifurcation phenomena of the state-dependent impulsive SIR models. In this study, we propose a state-dependent impulsive model based on the SIS model. We firstly recall the complicated dynamics of the ODE system with saturated treatment. Based on the dynamics of the ODE system, we firstly discuss the existence and the stability of the semi-trivial periodic solution. Then, based on the definition of the Poincaré map and its properties, we systematically investigate the bifurcations near the semi-trivial periodic solution with all the key control parameters; consequently, we prove the existence and stability of the positive periodic solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Wang
- School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hong H, Chen H, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Zhang JV, Ling K, Hu J, Wei Q. DYF-4 regulates patched-related/DAF-6-mediated sensory compartment formation in C. elegans. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009618. [PMID: 34115759 PMCID: PMC8221789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination of neurite extension with surrounding glia development is critical for neuronal function, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Through a genome-wide mutagenesis screen in C. elegans, we identified dyf-4 and daf-6 as two mutants sharing similar defects in dendrite extension. DAF-6 encodes a glia-specific patched-related membrane protein that plays vital roles in glial morphogenesis. We cloned dyf-4 and found that DYF-4 encodes a glia-secreted protein. Further investigations revealed that DYF-4 interacts with DAF-6 and functions in a same pathway as DAF-6 to regulate sensory compartment formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that reported glial suppressors of daf-6 could also restore dendrite elongation and ciliogenesis in both dyf-4 and daf-6 mutants. Collectively, our data reveal that DYF-4 is a regulator for DAF-6 which promotes the proper formation of the glial channel and indirectly affects neurite extension and ciliogenesis. In C. elegans sensory organ, the ciliated neuronal endings are wrapped in a luminal channel formed by glial cells, forming a specialized sensory compartment critical for sensory activity. Coordination of glial channel formation, dendritic tip anchoring and ciliogenesis are critical for the formation of a functional sensory compartment. DAF-6, a patched-related glial membrane protein, was reported to play an important role in glial channel morphogenesis, but the molecular function and regulatory mechanism of DAF-6 remain poorly understood. Here, we found that DYF-4, a glia-secreted protein, interacts and colocalizes with DAF-6, and functions in a same pathway as DAF-6 to regulate sensory compartment formation. We propose that DYF-4 is a novel regulator for DAF-6 to control sensory compartment formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huicheng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zhimao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Zeng Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jian V. Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Ling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jinghua Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Qing Wei
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a chronic hormonal inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Endometriosis often causes infertility, which brings physical and mental pain to patients and their families. METHODS We examined the functions of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in endometriosis development through cell count assay, cell-scratch assay and clone formation experiments. We used quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) to detect HSF1 expression. Glucose and lactate levels were determined using a glucose (GO) assay kit and a lactate assay kit. Furthermore, we used a HSF1 inhibitor-KRIBB11 to establish a mouse model of endometriosis. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that HSF1 promoted endometriosis development. Interestingly, HSF1 enhanced glycolysis via up-regulating PFKFB3 expression in endometriosis cells, which was a key glycolysis enzyme. Consistently, the HSF1 inhibitor KRIBB11 could abrogate endometriosis progression in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that HSF1 plays an important role in endometriosis development, which might become a new target for the treatment of endometriosis. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary data are available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xiu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chune Ren
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Geng Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Huang D, Yan S, Sun T, Wang J, Mao Y. Heavy metal(loid)s in sewage sludge in China: concentrations and spatial-temporal variations. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:29146-29156. [PMID: 33550558 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge (SS) production in China has increased rapidly, accompanying the fast expansion of its sewage treatment capacity. Heavy metals (HMs) in SS have been a great concern, hampering the utilization and disposal of SS. In this study, heavy metal (HM) contents in SS from throughout China were determined. The median values of HMs in SS decreased in the order Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > As > Hg > Cd. The general attainment rates of HMs in SS are satisfying (> 90%). Combining the present data with those obtained from references, spatial distributions and temporal trends of HMs in SS were analyzed. Depending on the specific HM element, the spatial variation trend might be decreasing trends from south to north and from east to west of China. The element-specific hot spots of SS with relatively high HM contents were identified. Analysis of the historical data in different time intervals reviewed obvious decreasing trends in HM contents of SS in China, indicating the well implementation of more and more stringent environmental regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmeng Geng
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
| | - Chuanbing Zhang
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Shuxiao Yan
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Tengfei Sun
- Huaxia Besince Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Guo W, Zhang C, Ma T, Liu X, Chen Z, Li S, Deng Y. Advances in aptamer screening and aptasensors' detection of heavy metal ions. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:166. [PMID: 34074287 PMCID: PMC8171055 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00914-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has become more and more serious with industrial development and resource exploitation. Because heavy metal ions are difficult to be biodegraded, they accumulate in the human body and cause serious threat to human health. However, the conventional methods to detect heavy metal ions are more strictly to the requirements by detection equipment, sample pretreatment, experimental environment, etc. Aptasensor has the advantages of strong specificity, high sensitivity and simple preparation to detect small molecules, which provides a new direction platform in the detection of heavy metal ions. This paper reviews the selection of aptamers as target for heavy metal ions since the 21th century and aptasensors application for detection of heavy metal ions that were reported in the past five years. Firstly, the selection methods for aptamers with high specificity and high affinity are introduced. Construction methods and research progress on sensor based aptamers as recognition element are also introduced systematically. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of aptasensors in detecting heavy metal ions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Chuanxiang Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang C, Chen S, Feng A, Su J, Wang W, Feng J, Chen B, Zhang M, Yang J, Zeng L, Zhu X. Xa7, a Small Orphan Gene Harboring Promoter Trap for AvrXa7, Leads to the Durable Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. oryzae. Rice (N Y) 2021; 14:48. [PMID: 34056673 PMCID: PMC8165051 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rice (Oryza sativa) gene Xa7 has been hypothesized to be a typical executor resistance gene against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), and has conferred durable resistance in the field for decades. Its identity and the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance remain elusive. RESULTS Here, we filled in gaps of genome in Xa7 mapping locus via BAC library construction, revealing the presence of a 100-kb non-collinear sequence in the line IRBB7 compared with Nipponbare reference genomes. Complementary transformation with sequentially overlapping subclones of the BACs demonstrated that Xa7 is an orphan gene, encoding a small novel protein distinct from any other resistance proteins reported. A 27-bp effector binding element (EBE) in the Xa7 promoter is essential for AvrXa7-inducing expression model. XA7 is anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and triggers programmed cell death in rice and tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana). The Xa7 gene is absent in most cultivars, landraces, and wild rice accessions, but highly homologs of XA7 were identified in Leersia perrieri, the nearest outgroup of the genus Oryza. CONCLUSIONS Xa7 acts as a trap to perceive AvrXa7 via EBEAvrXa7 in its promoter, leading to the initiation of resistant reaction. Since EBEAvrXa7 is ubiquitous in promoter of rice susceptible gene SWEET14, the elevated expression of which is conducive to the proliferation of Xoo, that lends a great benefit for the Xoo strains retaining AvrXa7. As a result, varieties harboring Xa7 would show more durable resistance in the field. Xa7 alleles analysis suggests that the discovery of new resistance genes could be extended beyond wild rice, to include wild grasses such as Leersia species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Aiqing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jinqi Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jianyuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Liexian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cao H, Xu D, Cai Y, Han X, Tang L, Gao F, Qi Y, Cai D, Wang H, Ri M, Antonets D, Vyatkin Y, Chen Y, You X, Wang F, Nicolas E, Kapranov P. Very long intergenic non-coding (vlinc) RNAs directly regulate multiple genes in cis and trans. BMC Biol 2021; 19:108. [PMID: 34016118 PMCID: PMC8139166 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of the human genome is transcribed in the form of long non-coding (lnc) RNAs. While these transcripts have attracted considerable interest, their molecular mechanisms of function and biological significance remain controversial. One of the main reasons behind this lies in the significant challenges posed by lncRNAs requiring the development of novel methods and concepts to unravel their functionality. Existing methods often lack cross-validation and independent confirmation by different methodologies and therefore leave significant ambiguity as to the authenticity of the outcomes. Nonetheless, despite all the caveats, it appears that lncRNAs may function, at least in part, by regulating other genes via chromatin interactions. Therefore, the function of a lncRNA could be inferred from the function of genes it regulates. In this work, we present a genome-wide functional annotation strategy for lncRNAs based on identification of their regulatory networks via the integration of three distinct types of approaches: co-expression analysis, mapping of lncRNA-chromatin interactions, and assaying molecular effects of lncRNA knockdowns obtained using an inducible and highly specific CRISPR/Cas13 system. RESULTS We applied the strategy to annotate 407 very long intergenic non-coding (vlinc) RNAs belonging to a novel widespread subclass of lncRNAs. We show that vlincRNAs indeed appear to regulate multiple genes encoding proteins predominantly involved in RNA- and development-related functions, cell cycle, and cellular adhesion via a mechanism involving proximity between vlincRNAs and their targets in the nucleus. A typical vlincRNAs can be both a positive and negative regulator and regulate multiple genes both in trans and cis. Finally, we show vlincRNAs and their regulatory networks potentially represent novel components of DNA damage response and are functionally important for the ability of cancer cells to survive genotoxic stress. CONCLUSIONS This study provides strong evidence for the regulatory role of the vlincRNA class of lncRNAs and a potentially important role played by these transcripts in the hidden layer of RNA-based regulation in complex biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Cao
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Dongyang Xu
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ye Cai
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xueer Han
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yao Qi
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - DingDing Cai
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Maxim Ri
- AcademGene Ltd., 6, Acad. Lavrentjev ave, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Denis Antonets
- AcademGene Ltd., 6, Acad. Lavrentjev ave, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- SRC VB "Vector" Rospotrebnadzor, Novosibirsk, Koltsovo, 630559, Russia
| | - Yuri Vyatkin
- AcademGene Ltd., 6, Acad. Lavrentjev ave, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Yue Chen
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiang You
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Southern Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Estelle Nicolas
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philipp Kapranov
- Institute of Genomics, School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a serious public health concern. Patients with cancer have been disproportionately affected by this pandemic. Increasing evidence has documented that patients with malignancies are highly susceptible to severe infections and mortality from COVID-19. Recent studies have also elucidated the molecular relationship between the two diseases, which may not only help optimize cancer care during the pandemic but also expand the treatment for COVID-19. In this review, we highlight the clinical and molecular similarities between cancer and COVID-19 and summarize the four major signaling pathways at the intersection of COVID-19 and cancer, namely, cytokine, type I interferon (IFN-I), androgen receptor (AR), and immune checkpoint signaling. In addition, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of repurposing anticancer treatment for the treatment of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yujun Wei
- Anhui Anlong Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230041, China
| | - Jiang Ren
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Long Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manifestations of hypokalaemia in ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormonesyndrome(EAS) vary from mild muscle weakness to life-threatening arrhythmia. Herein, we present a rare case of EAS with concomitant rhabdomyolysis(RM) as a result of intractable hypokalaemia. CASE PRESENTATION A 64-year-old man was admitted for limb weakness and facial hyperpigmentation for 2 weeks. Lab tests revealed intractable hypokalaemia (lowest at 1.8 mmol/L) and metabolic alkalosis. The diagnosis of RM was based on a creatine kinase(CK)level of 5 times the upper limit. The elevated CK and myohemoglobin (Mb) levels returned to within the normal range after the alleviation of hypokalaemia. The patient was diagnosed with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS) based on unsuppressed serum cortisol after a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test(LDDST) and remarkably elevated ACTH levels. The diagnosis of EAS was made based on the results of a high-dose dexamethasone suppression test(HDDST) and bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling(BIPSS). Multiple lymph nodes in the left supraclavicular fossa, right root of neck, mediastinum and bilateral hili of the lung were found with abnormal uptake of 68Ga-DOTA-NOC. Mediastinoscopic lymph node biopsy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was small-cell and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with positive ACTH staining. The patient was prescribed mifepristone and received one cycle of chemotherapy. The patient could not tolerate subsequent chemotherapy and died of dyscrasia. CONCLUSIONS RM is a rare complication of EAS with insidious onset and atypical clinical manifestations. Serum potassium levels should be vigilantly monitored to avoid RM in EAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.277 West Yanta Road, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sucai Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.277 West Yanta Road, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianjun Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.277 West Yanta Road, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
This work explores the changes in vegetation coverage and submergence time of floodplains along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (i.e., the Jingjiang River) and the relations between them. As the Three Gorges Dam has been operating for more than 10 years, the original vegetative environment has been greatly altered in this region. The two main aspects of these changes were discovered by analyzing year-end image data from remote sensing satellites using a dimidiate pixel model, based on the normalized difference vegetation index, and by calculating water level and topographic data over a distance of 360 km from 2003–2015. Given that the channels had adjusted laterally, thus exhibiting deeper and broader geometries due to the Three Gorges Dam, 11 floodplains were classified into three groups with distinctive features. The evidence shows that, the floodplains with high elevation have formed steady vegetation areas and could hardly be affected by runoff and usually occupied by humans. The low elevation group has not met the minimal threshold of submerging time for vegetation growth, and no plants were observed so far. Based on the facts summed up from the floodplains with variable elevation, days needed to spot vegetation ranges from 70 to 120 days which happened typically near 2006 and between 2008 and 2010, respectively, and a negative correlation was detected between submergence time and vegetation coverage within a certain range. Thus, floods optimized by the Three Gorges Dam have directly influenced plant growth in the floodplains and may also affect our ability to manage certain types of large floods. Our conclusions may provide a basis for establishing flood criteria to manage the floodplain vegetation and evaluating possible increases in resistance caused by high-flow flooding when these floodplains are submerged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yitian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shinjiro Kanae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Guo P, Li H, Zhang G, Tian W. Contaminated site-induced health risk using Monte Carlo simulation: evaluation from the brownfield in Beijing, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:25166-25178. [PMID: 33449319 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of contaminated sites has caused serious public health problems, and there are significant health risks. This paper applies Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the impact of pollutants on human health at a contaminated site in Beijing, China. In this study, a total of 429 soil samples were collected. The exposure routes considered were oral ingestion and skin contact. The log-normal distribution or triangular distribution was adopted to convert exposure parameters into statistical parameters, and the final risk probability was estimated through Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the 95th percentile risk indexes of As, Ni, Zn, and Hg are 1.22E-1, 5.05E-3, 5.10E-4, and 1.69E-1, respectively, which are all within acceptable levels. The maximum values of As and Hg are 2.15E+0 and 1.04E+0, respectively, with a 5% and 4% probability, respectively, of exceeding the acceptable health risk level. In theory, it is believed that they do not pose a potential threat to human health. Nevertheless, As and Hg in soil are still major pollution sources. The results also show that C (pollutant concentration), AT (mean action time), and ED (exposure duration) are the three parameters with the highest sensitivity to the health risk value. The results of this study can help to improve soil risk control measures and remediation decisions for contaminated sites to reduce the environmental risk in contaminated areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Guo
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Guangmin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Su T, Wang Y, Li S, Wang L, Kou K, Kong L, Cheng Q, Dong L, Liu B, Kong F, Lu S, Fang C. A flowering time locus dependent on E2 in soybean. Mol Breed 2021; 41:35. [PMID: 37309325 PMCID: PMC10236059 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-021-01224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is very sensitive to changes in photoperiod as a typical short-day plant. Photoperiodic flowering influences soybean latitudinal adaptability and yield to a considerable degree. Identifying new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling flowering time is a powerful initial approach for elucidating the mechanisms underlying flowering time and adaptation to different latitudes in soybean. In this study, we developed a Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) population and recorded flowering time under natural long-day conditions. We also constructed a high-density genetic map by genotyping-by-sequencing and used it for QTL mapping. In total, we detected twelve QTLs, four of which are stable and named by qR1-2, qR1-4, qR1-6.1, and qR1-10, respectively. Among these four QTLs, qR1-4 and qR1-6.1 are novel. QTL mapping in two sub-populations classified by the genotype of the maturity locus E2, genetic interaction evaluation between E2 and qR1-2, and qRT-PCR indicated that E2 has an epistatic effect on qR1-2, and that causal gene of qR1-2 acts upstream of E2. We presumed the most likely candidate genes according to the resequencing data and briefly analyzed the geographic distributions of these genes. These findings will be beneficial for our understanding of the mechanisms underlying photoperiodic flowering in soybean, contribute to further investigate of E2, and provide genetic resources for molecular breeding of soybean. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-021-01224-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Su
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shichen Li
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingshuang Wang
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Kou
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingping Kong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lidong Dong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) are unique optical materials that emit afterglow luminescence after ceasing excitation. They exhibit unexpected advantages for in vivo optical imaging of tumors, such as autofluorescence-free, high sensitivity, high penetration depth, and multiple excitation sources (UV light, LED, NIR laser, X-ray, and radiopharmaceuticals). Besides, by incorporating other functional molecules, such as photosensitizers, photothermal agents, or therapeutic drugs, PLNPs are also widely used in persistent luminescence (PersL) imaging-guided tumor therapy. In this review, we first summarize the recent developments in the synthesis and surface functionalization of PLNPs, as well as their toxicity studies. We then discuss the in vivo PersL imaging and multimodal imaging from different excitation sources. Furthermore, we highlight PLNPs-based cancer theranostics applications, such as fluorescence-guided surgery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, drug/gene delivery and combined therapy. Finally, future prospects and challenges of PLNPs in the research of translational medicine are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Xiao Chen
- Medizinische Klinik Und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Xia Sun
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361015, China.
| | - Xiaolian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Junpeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research On the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|