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Fang P, Arens P, Liu X, Zhang X, Lakwani D, Foucher F, Clotault J, Geike J, Kaufmann H, Debener T, Bai Y, Zhang Z, Smulders MJM. Analysis of allelic variants of RhMLO genes in rose and functional studies on susceptibility to powdery mildew related to clade V homologs. Theor Appl Genet 2021; 134:2495-2515. [PMID: 33934211 PMCID: PMC8277636 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rose has 19 MLO genes. Of these, RhMLO1 and RhMLO2 were shown to be required for powdery mildew infection, which suggests their potential as susceptibility targets towards disease resistance. Powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera pannosa, is one of the most serious and widespread fungal diseases for roses, especially in greenhouse-grown cut roses. It has been shown that certain MLO genes are involved in powdery mildew susceptibility and that loss of function in these genes in various crops leads to broad-spectrum, long-lasting resistance against this fungal disease. For this reason, these MLO genes are called susceptibility genes. We carried out a genome-wide identification of the MLO gene family in the Rosa chinensis genome, and screened for allelic variants among 22 accessions from seven different Rosa species using re-sequencing and transcriptome data. We identified 19 MLO genes in rose, of which four are candidate genes for functional homologs in clade V, which is the clade containing all dicot MLO susceptibility genes. We detected a total of 198 different allelic variants in the set of Rosa species and accessions, corresponding to 5-15 different alleles for each of the genes. Some diploid Rosa species shared alleles with tetraploid rose cultivars, consistent with the notion that diploid species have contributed to the formation of tetraploid roses. Among the four RhMLO genes in clade V, we demonstrated using expression study, virus-induced gene silencing as well as transient RNAi silencing that two of them, RhMLO1 and RhMLO2, are required for infection by P. pannosa and suggest their potential as susceptibility targets for powdery mildew resistance breeding in rose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Fang
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Paul Arens
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xintong Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Deepika Lakwani
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRAE, Université D’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Fabrice Foucher
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRAE, Université D’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Jérémy Clotault
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRAE, Université D’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Juliane Geike
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding Unit, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helgard Kaufmann
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding Unit, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Debener
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding Unit, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Kaufmann H, Biaggioni I, Wang W, Haumann B, Vickery R. Ampreloxetine (TD-9855), a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension associated with synucleinopathies: phase 2 dose-escalation and double-blind efficacy studies. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kaufmann H, Biaggioni I, Wang W, Haumann B, Vickery R. Effects of once-daily ampreloxetine (TD-9855), a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, on blood pressure in subjects with symptomatic neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kaufmann H, Biaggioni I, Wang W, Haumann B, Vickery R. Durability of effect and safety of open-label ampreloxetine (TD-9855), a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, for symptomatic treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Neu E, Domes HS, Menz I, Kaufmann H, Linde M, Debener T. Interaction of roses with a biotrophic and a hemibiotrophic leaf pathogen leads to differences in defense transcriptome activation. Plant Mol Biol 2019; 99:299-316. [PMID: 30706286 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-00818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomic analysis resulted in the upregulation of the genes related to common defense mechanisms for black spot and the downregulation of the genes related to photosynthesis and cell wall modification for powdery mildew. Plant pathogenic fungi successfully colonize their hosts by manipulating the host defense mechanisms, which is accompanied by major transcriptome changes in the host. To characterize compatible plant pathogen interactions at early stages of infection by the obligate biotrophic fungus Podosphaera pannosa, which causes powdery mildew, and the hemibiotrophic fungus Diplocarpon rosae, which causes black spot, we analyzed changes in the leaf transcriptome after the inoculation of detached rose leaves with each pathogen. In addition, we analyzed differences in the transcriptomic changes inflicted by both pathogens as a first step to characterize specific infection strategies. Transcriptomic changes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing based on the massive analysis of cDNA ends approach, which was validated using high-throughput qPCR. We identified a large number of differentially regulated genes. A common set of the differentially regulated genes comprised of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, such as of PR10 homologs, chitinases and defense-related transcription factors, such as various WRKY genes, indicating a conserved but insufficient PTI [pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity] reaction. Surprisingly, most of the differentially regulated genes were specific to the interactions with either P. pannosa or D. rosae. Specific regulation in response to D. rosae was detected for genes from the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways and for individual PR genes, such as paralogs of PR1 and PR5, and other factors of the salicylic acid signaling pathway. Differently, inoculation with P. pannosa leads in addition to the general pathogen response to a downregulation of genes related to photosynthesis and cell wall modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Neu
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
- KWS SAAT SE, 37574, Einbeck, Germany
| | - Helena Sophia Domes
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Menz
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helgard Kaufmann
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcus Linde
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Debener
- Department of Molecular Plant Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
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Abstract
Eine Analyse von mehreren in der Literatur mitgeteilten und nach dem Verfahren von Boag dargestellten Behandlungsergebnissen bei tödlich verlaufenden Erkrankungen ergibt, daß die Streuungen der zugrunde liegenden Verteilungen nicht wesentlich verschieden sind. Unter Annahme einer gemeinsamen Streuung von 0,45 wird ein Nomogramm für einen orientierenden Signifikanztest mit α = 0.05 entwickelt.
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Kaufmann H, Ruster T, Schmiegelow CT, Luda MA, Kaushal V, Schulz J, von Lindenfels D, Schmidt-Kaler F, Poschinger UG. Scalable Creation of Long-Lived Multipartite Entanglement. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:150503. [PMID: 29077443 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.150503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the deterministic generation of multipartite entanglement based on scalable methods. Four qubits are encoded in ^{40}Ca^{+}, stored in a microstructured segmented Paul trap. These qubits are sequentially entangled by laser-driven pairwise gate operations. Between these, the qubit register is dynamically reconfigured via ion shuttling operations, where ion crystals are separated and merged, and ions are moved in and out of a fixed laser interaction zone. A sequence consisting of three pairwise entangling gates yields a four-ion Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state |ψ⟩=(1/sqrt[2])(|0000⟩+|1111⟩), and full quantum state tomography reveals a state fidelity of 94.4(3)%. We analyze the decoherence of this state and employ dynamic decoupling on the spatially distributed constituents to maintain 69(5)% coherence at a storage time of 1.1 sec.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaufmann
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ruster
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - C T Schmiegelow
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M A Luda
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - V Kaushal
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Schulz
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - D von Lindenfels
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Schmidt-Kaler
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - U G Poschinger
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Brandl MF, van Mourik MW, Postler L, Nolf A, Lakhmanskiy K, Paiva RR, Möller S, Daniilidis N, Häffner H, Kaushal V, Ruster T, Warschburger C, Kaufmann H, Poschinger UG, Schmidt-Kaler F, Schindler P, Monz T, Blatt R. Cryogenic setup for trapped ion quantum computing. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:113103. [PMID: 27910317 DOI: 10.1063/1.4966970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the design of a cryogenic setup for trapped ion quantum computing containing a segmented surface electrode trap. The heat shield of our cryostat is designed to attenuate alternating magnetic field noise, resulting in 120 dB reduction of 50 Hz noise along the magnetic field axis. We combine this efficient magnetic shielding with high optical access required for single ion addressing as well as for efficient state detection by placing two lenses each with numerical aperture 0.23 inside the inner heat shield. The cryostat design incorporates vibration isolation to avoid decoherence of optical qubits due to the motion of the cryostat. We measure vibrations of the cryostat of less than ±20 nm over 2 s. In addition to the cryogenic apparatus, we describe the setup required for an operation with 40Ca+ and 88Sr+ ions. The instability of the laser manipulating the optical qubits in 40Ca+ is characterized by yielding a minimum of its Allan deviation of 2.4 ⋅ 10-15 at 0.33 s. To evaluate the performance of the apparatus, we trapped 40Ca+ ions, obtaining a heating rate of 2.14(16) phonons/s and a Gaussian decay of the Ramsey contrast with a 1/e-time of 18.2(8) ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Brandl
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M W van Mourik
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L Postler
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Nolf
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Lakhmanskiy
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R R Paiva
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S Möller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Daniilidis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Häffner
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V Kaushal
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ruster
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Warschburger
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Kaufmann
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - U G Poschinger
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Schmidt-Kaler
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Schindler
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Monz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Blatt
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Schmiegelow CT, Kaufmann H, Ruster T, Schulz J, Kaushal V, Hettrich M, Schmidt-Kaler F, Poschinger UG. Phase-Stable Free-Space Optical Lattices for Trapped Ions. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:033002. [PMID: 26849591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.033002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate control of the absolute phase of an optical lattice with respect to a single trapped ion. The lattice is generated by off-resonant free-space laser beams, and we actively stabilize its phase by measuring its ac-Stark shift on a trapped ion. The ion is localized within the standing wave to better than 2% of its period. The locked lattice allows us to apply displacement operations via resonant optical forces with a controlled direction in phase space. Moreover, we observe the lattice-induced phase evolution of spin superposition states in order to analyze the relevant decoherence mechanisms. Finally, we employ lattice-induced phase shifts for inferring the variation of the ion position over the 157 μm range along the trap axis at accuracies of better than 6 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Schmiegelow
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Kaufmann
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ruster
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Schulz
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - V Kaushal
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Hettrich
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Schmidt-Kaler
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - U G Poschinger
- Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Palma J, Martinez J, Percival L, Fuente-Mora C, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Kaufmann H. Hypotension-induced vasopressin release distinguishes Lewy body disorders from multiple system atrophy. Auton Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2015.07.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Martinez J, Palma J, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Perez M, Kaufmann H. Depression in Multiple System Atrophy: Impact on Quality of Life and Disease Progression. Auton Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2015.07.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Palma J, Perez M, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Kaufmann H. Determinants of sudden death during sleep in familial dysautonomia: A preliminary study. Auton Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2015.07.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hettrich M, Ruster T, Kaufmann H, Roos CF, Schmiegelow CT, Schmidt-Kaler F, Poschinger UG. Measurement of Dipole Matrix Elements with a Single Trapped Ion. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:143003. [PMID: 26551810 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.143003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method to determine dipole matrix elements by comparing measurements of dispersive and absorptive light ion interactions. We measure the matrix element pertaining to the Ca II H line, i.e., the 4(2)S(1/2)↔4(2)P(1/2) transition of (40)Ca(+), for which we find the value 2.8928(43) ea(0). Moreover, the method allows us to deduce the lifetime of the 4(2)P(1/2) state to be 6.904(26) ns, which is in agreement with predictions from recent theoretical calculations and resolves a long-standing discrepancy between calculated values and experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hettrich
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ruster
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Kaufmann
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - C F Roos
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Technikerstraße 21a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C T Schmiegelow
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Schmidt-Kaler
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - U G Poschinger
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Kaufmann H. Complications in eye muscle surgery. Dev Ophthalmol 2015; 13:113-6. [PMID: 3595951 DOI: 10.1159/000413619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Strabologists consider postoperative loss of visual function as a severe and extremely rare complication. Other complications in eye muscle surgery are demonstrated.
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Singer W, Robertson D, Gilman S, Kaufmann H, Biaggioni I, Freeman R, Fealey R, Mandrekar J, Dupont W, Gehrking T, Schmelzer J, Sletten D, Gehrking J, Low P. Randomized Trial of Rifampicin in MSA: Primary Outcomes and Effect on Autonomic Function. Auton Neurosci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2013.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kaufmann H, Ulm S, Jacob G, Poschinger U, Landa H, Retzker A, Plenio MB, Schmidt-Kaler F. Precise experimental investigation of eigenmodes in a planar ion crystal. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:263003. [PMID: 23368557 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.263003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The accurate characterization of eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies of two-dimensional ion crystals provides the foundation for the use of such structures for quantum simulation purposes. We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of two-dimensional ion crystals. We demonstrate that standard pseudopotential theory accurately predicts the positions of the ions and the location of structural transitions between different crystal configurations. However, pseudopotential theory is insufficient to determine eigenfrequencies of the two-dimensional ion crystals accurately but shows significant deviations from the experimental data obtained from resolved sideband spectroscopy. Agreement at the level of 2.5×10(-3) is found with the full time-dependent Coulomb theory using the Floquet-Lyapunov approach and the effect is understood from the dynamics of two-dimensional ion crystals in the Paul trap. The results represent initial steps towards an exploitation of these structures for quantum simulation schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaufmann
- QUANTUM, Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Kaufmann H, Qiu X, Wehmeyer J, Debener T. Isolation, Molecular Characterization, and Mapping of Four Rose MLO Orthologs. Front Plant Sci 2012; 3:244. [PMID: 23130018 PMCID: PMC3487107 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew is a major disease of economic importance in cut and pot roses. As an alternative to conventional resistance breeding strategies utilizing single-dominant genes or QTLs, mildew resistance locus o (MLO)-based resistance might offer some advantages. In dicots such as Arabidopsis, pea, and tomato, loss-of-function mutations in MLO genes confer high levels of broad-spectrum resistance. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of four MLO homologs from a large rose EST collection isolated from leaves. These genes are phylogenetically closely related to other dicot MLO genes that are involved in plant powdery mildew interactions. Therefore, they are candidates for MLO genes involved in rose powdery mildew interactions. Two of the four isolated genes contain all of the sequence signatures considered to be diagnostic for MLO genes. We mapped all four genes to three linkage groups and conducted the first analysis of alternative alleles. This information is discussed in regards to a reverse genetics approach aimed at the selection of rose plants that are homozygous for loss-of-function in one or more MLO genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helgard Kaufmann
- Department of Molecular Breeding, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover, Germany
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Cadoni E, Dotta M, Forni D, Bianchi S, Kaufmann H. Strain rate effects on mechanical properties in tension of aluminium alloys used in armour applications. EPJ Web of Conferences 2012. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20122605004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Terefe-Ayana D, Kaufmann H, Linde M, Debener T. Evolution of the Rdr1 TNL-cluster in roses and other Rosaceous species. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:409. [PMID: 22905676 PMCID: PMC3503547 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The resistance of plants to pathogens relies on two lines of defense: a basal defense response and a pathogen-specific system, in which resistance (R) genes induce defense reactions after detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS). In the specific system, a so-called arms race has developed in which the emergence of new races of a pathogen leads to the diversification of plant resistance genes to counteract the pathogens’ effect. The mechanism of resistance gene diversification has been elucidated well for short-lived annual species, but data are mostly lacking for long-lived perennial and clonally propagated plants, such as roses. We analyzed the rose black spot resistance gene, Rdr1, in five members of the Rosaceae: Rosa multiflora, Rosa rugosa, Fragaria vesca (strawberry), Malus x domestica (apple) and Prunus persica (peach), and we present the deduced possible mechanism of R-gene diversification. Results We sequenced a 340.4-kb region from R. rugosa orthologous to the Rdr1 locus in R. multiflora. Apart from some deletions and rearrangements, the two loci display a high degree of synteny. Additionally, less pronounced synteny is found with an orthologous locus in strawberry but is absent in peach and apple, where genes from the Rdr1 locus are distributed on two different chromosomes. An analysis of 20 TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) genes obtained from R. rugosa and R. multiflora revealed illegitimate recombination, gene conversion, unequal crossing over, indels, point mutations and transposable elements as mechanisms of diversification. A phylogenetic analysis of 53 complete TNL genes from the five Rosaceae species revealed that with the exception of some genes from apple and peach, most of the genes occur in species-specific clusters, indicating that recent TNL gene diversification began prior to the split of Rosa from Fragaria in the Rosoideae and peach from apple in the Spiraeoideae and continued after the split in individual species. Sequence similarity of up to 99% is obtained between two R. multiflora TNL paralogs, indicating a very recent duplication. Conclusions The mechanisms by which TNL genes from perennial Rosaceae diversify are mainly similar to those from annual plant species. However, most TNL genes appear to be of recent origin, likely due to recent duplications, supporting the hypothesis that TNL genes in woody perennials are generally younger than those from annuals. This recent origin might facilitate the development of new resistance specificities, compensating for longer generation times in woody perennials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diro Terefe-Ayana
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str, 2, Hannover, 30419, Germany
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Gutierrez J, Adhikari I, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Axelrod F, Kaufmann H. 11. Brainstem reflexes in patients with familial dysautonomia. Clin Neurophysiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kaufmann H, Maurer M, Coelho T, Plante-Bordeneuve V, Rapezzi C, Suhr O, THAOS Investigators. Comparison of US and Non-US Patients with Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP) and Familial Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (FAC) in THAOS - The Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (P01.114). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p01.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kaufmann H, Freeman R, Biaggioni I, Low P, Pedder S, Hewitt A, Mathias C. Treatment of Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension with Droxidopa: Results from a Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group, Induction Design Study (PL02.001). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.pl02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Schmidt S, Gräf M, Kaufmann H, Lorenz B. [Surgery for strabismus sursoadductorius (congenital superior oblique palsy) in childhood]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2011; 228:874-9. [PMID: 21997824 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1281759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inferior oblique muscle recession (IOR) in children with pure unilateral strabismus sursoadductorius (so-called congenital superior oblique palsy, CSOP) operated before age 11 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study of IOR in children with unilateral CSOP and surgery before age 11 years was undertaken. In most cases, recession and anteroposition of the anterior part of the inferior oblique tendon next to the lateral edge of the inferior rectus muscle was performed without fixation of the posterior part of the tendon. Main outcome measures were change in abnormal head tilt, change in vertical deviation, both in straight and contralateral side gaze, and evaluation of squint angles. RESULTS Between 1997 and 2007, 36 consecutive children (aged 2 -10 years; 27 boys, 9 girls) received IOR for unilateral CSOP. The dose of IOR ranged between 6 and 12 mm. Vertical deviation in straight and contralateral gaze was reduced from median 5° (range 0 - 11°) and 12° (3 - 20°) to 0° (-2 - 8°) and 1° (-5 - 13°), respectively. Abnormal head tilt towards the contralateral shoulder was reduced from median 10° (0 - 20°) to 0° (-2,5 - 10°). Three children (8 %) received further extraocular muscle surgery within 2 years, one because of persistent hyperdeviation, and two because of consecutive hypodeviation of the operated eye. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that IOR with fixation of only the anterior part of the inferior oblique to the sclera is an effective treatment for strabismus sursoadductorius/CSOP in children. Undercorrection into a residual, well compensated stage is a satisfying result. Both overcorrection and elevation deficiency were rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schmidt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Gießen, Gießen.
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Perez M, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Reyes J, Axelrod F, Kaufmann H. Is end-tidal CO2 a valid measurement to assess hypoventilation in patients with familial dysautonomia? Auton Neurosci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2011.05.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Axelrod F, Kaufmann H. The norepinephrine paradox in hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV. Auton Neurosci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2011.05.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tijero Merino B, Gomez-Esteban J, Kaufmann H, Llorens V, Zarranz J. Cardiac sympathetic denervation in symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers of the E46K mutation in the synuclein gene. Auton Neurosci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2011.05.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Terefe-Ayana D, Yasmin A, Le TL, Kaufmann H, Biber A, Kühr A, Linde M, Debener T. Mining disease-resistance genes in roses: functional and molecular characterization of the rdr1 locus. Front Plant Sci 2011; 2:35. [PMID: 22639591 PMCID: PMC3355636 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2011.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of roses with the leaf spot pathogen Diplocarpon rosae (the cause of black spot on roses) is an interesting pathosystem because it involves a long-lived woody perennial, with life history traits very different from most model plants, and a hemibiotrophic pathogen with moderate levels of gene flow. Here we present data on the molecular structure of the first monogenic dominant resistance gene from roses, Rdr1, directed against one isolate of D. rosae. Complete sequencing of the locus carrying the Rdr1 gene resulted in a sequence of 265,477 bp with a cluster of nine highly related TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) candidate genes. After sequencing revealed candidate genes for Rdr1, we implemented a gene expression analysis and selected five genes out of the nine TNLs. We then silenced the whole TNL gene family using RNAi (Rdr1-RNAi) constructed from the most conserved sequence region and demonstrated a loss of resistance in the normally resistant genotype. To identify the functional TNL gene, we further screened the five TNL candidate genes with a transient leaf infiltration assay. The transient expression assay indicated a single TNL gene (muRdr1H), partially restoring resistance in the susceptible genotype. Rdr1 was found to localize within the muRdr1 gene family; the genes within this locus contain characteristic motifs of active TNL genes and belong to a young cluster of R genes. The transient leaf assay can be used to further analyze the rose black spot interaction and its evolution, extending the analyses to additional R genes and to additional pathogenic types of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diro Terefe-Ayana
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Aneela Yasmin
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Thanh Loan Le
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Helgard Kaufmann
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Anja Biber
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Astrid Kühr
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Marcus Linde
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Debener
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Thomas Debener, Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany. e-mail:
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Graber JJ, Sherman FT, Kaufmann H, Kolodny EH, Sathe S. Vitamin B12-responsive severe leukoencephalopathy and autonomic dysfunction in a patient with "normal" serum B12 levels. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010; 81:1369-71. [PMID: 20587489 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.178657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Leukoencephalopathy and autonomic dysfunction have been described in individuals with very low serum B(12) levels (<200 pg/ml), in addition to psychiatric changes, neuropathy, dementia and subacute combined degeneration. Elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels are considered more sensitive and specific for evaluating truly functional B(12) deficiency. A previously healthy 62-year-old woman developed depression and cognitive deficits with autonomic dysfunction that progressed over the course of 5 years. The patient had progressive, severe leukoencephalopathy on multiple MRI scans over 5 years. Serum B(12) levels ranged from 267 to 447 pg/ml. Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels were normal. Testing for antibody to intrinsic factor was positive, consistent with pernicious anaemia. After treatment with intramuscular B(12) injections (1000 μg daily for 1 week, weekly for 6 weeks, then monthly), she made a remarkable clinical recovery but remained amnesic for major events of the last 5 years. Repeat MRI showed partial resolution of white matter changes. Serum B(12), homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels are unreliable predictors of B(12)-responsive neurologic disorders, and should be thoroughly investigated and presumptively treated in patients with unexplained leukoencephalopathy because even long-standing deficits may be reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Graber
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Kaufmann H, Terefe D, Yasmin A, Biber A, Kuehr A, Debener T. CLONING AND ANALYSIS OF RDR1, A BLACK SPOT RESISTANCE GENE FROM ROSES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2010.870.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS A 55-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with signs of cerebral ischaemia i. e. dysarthria and weakness of the buccal branch of the facial nerve. Additionally the patient reported symptoms of heart failure NYHA class II. Six months earlier the patient also had visual disturbances. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had shown ischaemic lesions. INVESTIGATIONS A recent MRI confirmed the suspected diagnosis of ischaemia in the territory supplied by the left middle cerebral artery. The echocardiography was characterized by a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (25 %) due to isolated ventricular non-compaction (IVNC). TREATMENT AND COURSE The patient was treated with a combination therapy including ACE-inhibitors and diuretics. An oral anticoagulation was recommended as secondary prophylaxis. At the time of discharge the patient had no residual neurological deficits. CONCLUSION Isolated ventricular non-compaction is a rare type of cardiomyopathy. Possible manifestations include systemic embolic events, arrhythmias and heart failure. Echocardiography is the investigation of choice in identifying characteristic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Münkle
- Hegau-Bodensee-Klinikum, I. Medizinische Klinik, Singen/Hohentwiel.
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Stamm-Balderjahn S, Jagota A, Barz G, Kaufmann H, Schönfeld N. „Schüler in der Klinik“– ein wirksames Berliner Tabakpräventionsprojekt. Pneumologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Biber A, Kaufmann H, Linde M, Spiller M, Terefe D, Debener T. Molecular markers from a BAC contig spanning the Rdr1 locus: a tool for marker-assisted selection in roses. Theor Appl Genet 2010; 120:765-73. [PMID: 19911159 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We constructed a BAC contig of about 300 kb spanning the Rdr1 locus for black spot resistance in Rosa multiflora hybrids, using a new BIBAC library from DNA of this species. From this contig, we developed broadly applicable simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers tightly linked to Rdr1, which are suitable for genetic analyses and marker-assisted selection in roses. As a source for the high molecular weight DNA, we chose the homozygous resistant R. multiflora hybrid 88/124-46. For the assembly of the BAC contig, we made use of molecular markers derived from a previously established R. rugosa contig. In order to increase the resolution for fine mapping, the size of the population was increased to 974 plants. The genomic region spanning Rdr1 is now genetically restricted to 0.2 cM, corresponding to a physical distance of about 300 kb. One single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and one SSR marker cosegregate with the Rdr1-mediated black spot resistance, while one SSR and several cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence or SSCP markers are very tightly linked with one to three recombinants among the 974 plants. The benefits of the molecular markers developed from the R. multiflora contig for the genetic analysis of roses and the integration of rose genetic maps are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Biber
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Strasse 2, Hannover, Germany
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Kundert J, Kaufmann H. Extrakardiale und extrapulmonale Hinweise auf den Thoraxaufnahmen Neugeborener und junger Säuglinge mit gestörter Atmung*. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1228324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kaufmann H, Mellin P, Salloch RR. Ergebnisse der Beckenangiographie bei Blasenkarzinomen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1228033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schmitt G, Kaufmann H, Scheidt J. Röntgendiagnostische Befunde und Strahlentherapie des primären Ureterkarzinoms. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1229235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gilman S, Wenning GK, Low PA, Brooks DJ, Mathias CJ, Trojanowski JQ, Wood NW, Colosimo C, Dürr A, Fowler CJ, Kaufmann H, Klockgether T, Lees A, Poewe W, Quinn N, Revesz T, Robertson D, Sandroni P, Seppi K, Vidailhet M. Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neurology 2008; 71:670-6. [PMID: 18725592 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2165] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A consensus conference on multiple system atrophy (MSA) in 1998 established criteria for diagnosis that have been accepted widely. Since then, clinical, laboratory, neuropathologic, and imaging studies have advanced the field, requiring a fresh evaluation of diagnostic criteria. We held a second consensus conference in 2007 and present the results here. METHODS Experts in the clinical, neuropathologic, and imaging aspects of MSA were invited to participate in a 2-day consensus conference. Participants were divided into five groups, consisting of specialists in the parkinsonian, cerebellar, autonomic, neuropathologic, and imaging aspects of the disorder. Each group independently wrote diagnostic criteria for its area of expertise in advance of the meeting. These criteria were discussed and reconciled during the meeting using consensus methodology. RESULTS The new criteria retain the diagnostic categories of MSA with predominant parkinsonism and MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia to designate the predominant motor features and also retain the designations of definite, probable, and possible MSA. Definite MSA requires neuropathologic demonstration of CNS alpha-synuclein-positive glial cytoplasmic inclusions with neurodegenerative changes in striatonigral or olivopontocerebellar structures. Probable MSA requires a sporadic, progressive adult-onset disorder including rigorously defined autonomic failure and poorly levodopa-responsive parkinsonism or cerebellar ataxia. Possible MSA requires a sporadic, progressive adult-onset disease including parkinsonism or cerebellar ataxia and at least one feature suggesting autonomic dysfunction plus one other feature that may be a clinical or a neuroimaging abnormality. CONCLUSIONS These new criteria have simplified the previous criteria, have incorporated current knowledge, and are expected to enhance future assessments of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gilman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 300 N. Ingalls St., 3D15, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5489, USA.
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Gutierrez J, Hernandez H, Lestayo Z, Lara G, Zaldivar T, Mustelier H, Kaufmann H. 149. Vasomotor adrenergic vs. cardiovagal autonomic dysfunction at the early stage of peripheral neuropathies. Clin Neurophysiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.04.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kaufmann H, Ackermann J, Odelga V, Sagaster V, Nösslinger T, Pfeilstöcker M, Keck A, Ludwig H, Gisslinger H, Drach J. Cytogenetic patterns in multiple myeloma after a phase of preceding MGUS. Eur J Clin Invest 2008; 38:53-60. [PMID: 18173551 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01903.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenting the same histological diagnosis, multiple myeloma (MM) shows a large genomic variety, resulting in variable times of overall survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate major cytogenetic categories (any 14q-translocation, t(11;14), t(4;14), 13q-deletions, 17p-deletions) and their clinical consequences in MM after a pre-existing monoclonal gammopathy (MM post-MGUS), we performed a comparative analysis of 41 patients with MM post-MGUS and 287 patients with unknown prior history MM (U-MM). RESULTS In MM post-MGUS, a t(11;14) was found to be more frequent than in U-MM (24% vs. 14%) and it was associated with significantly shortened survival (24 months vs. 70 months in U-MM; P = 0.01). MM post-MGUS was further characterized by a higher frequency of 13q-deletions only (absence of all other specific abnormalities; 28% vs. 12% in U-MM; P = 0.02). A 13q-deletion only was an indicator of long survival in MM post-MGUS (median not yet reached) as opposed to U-MM (median survival, 29 months; P = 0.001). 17p-deletions were infrequent in MM post-MGUS (3% vs. 16% in U-MM; P = 0.04). Survival times for patients with t(4;14) and/or 17p-deletions and other abnormalities were similar in both MM patient cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that t(11;14) and 13q-deletions have distinct prognostic implications in the context of MM post-MGUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaufmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Medicine I, Vienna, Austria.
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Sagaster V, Kaufmann H, Odelga V, Ackermann J, Gisslinger H, Rabitsch W, Zojer N, Ludwig H, Nösslinger T, Zielinski C, Drach J. Chromosomal abnormalities of young multiple myeloma patients (<45 yr) are not different from those of other age groups and are independent of stage according to the International Staging System. Eur J Haematol 2007; 78:227-34. [PMID: 17253972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2006.00807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about tumor-related prognostic factors, in particular specific chromosomal abnormalities, in young patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We therefore investigated the chromosomal pattern by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (chromosomes 13q14, 14q32-translocations, chromosomes associated with hyperdiploidy) in 38 young patients with MM (age <45 yr) and compared the results with those observed in 69 patients with intermediate age (45-70 yr) and 64 elderly patients (age >70 yr). All chromosomal patterns were not significantly different between the three age cohorts. Similarly, standard MM parameters were equally distributed between these MM patient populations. However, survival by the International Staging System (ISS) for MM revealed marked differences between stage I/II (median survival not yet reached) and stage III (23.4 months; P < 0.0003) among young MM patients. A significant survival difference between ISS-stage I/II and ISS-stage III patients was also noted in the intermediate age group (median 65.4 months vs. 24.6 months; P = 0.0009). However, this difference disappeared among elderly MM patients (39.6 months in ISS-stage I/II vs. 32 months in ISS-stage III patients; P = 0.94), but it was unrelated to the cytogenetic pattern. Our results indicate that MM in young patients does not represent a distinct biologic entity, and that short survival of younger MM patients at ISS-stage III is independent of the molecular cytogenetic pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sagaster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Hälbig TD, Assuras S, Barry J, Borod JC, Gracies JM, Kaufmann H, Voustianiouk A, Weisz D, Fung K, Tse W, Warren Olanow C. Emotional processing in Parkinson's disease: a reaction time study. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sagaster V, Ludwig H, Kaufmann H, Odelga V, Zojer N, Ackermann J, Küenburg E, Wieser R, Zielinski C, Drach J. Bortezomib in relapsed multiple myeloma: response rates and duration of response are independent of a chromosome 13q-deletion. Leukemia 2006; 21:164-8. [PMID: 17096015 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Studies of bortezomib in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) suggested that bortezomib may be active even in the presence of adverse prognostic factors. We therefore evaluated 62 patients with relapsed/refractory MM who were treated with single-agent bortezomib, and addressed the question whether or not the negative prognostic impact of unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities may be overcome by bortezomib. By interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a deletion of chromosome 13q14 [del(13q14)] was present in 33 patients (53%). Overall response rates to bortezomib were similar in patients with and without del(13q14) (45 versus 55%; P=0.66), and rates of complete remission (CR) near CR were also not different between the two patient populations (18 versus 14%). Three patients had a t(4;14)(p16;q32) in addition to del(13q14), and all of them had a >50% paraprotein reduction. Median duration of response was 12.3 months in patients with del(13q14) compared with 9.3 months in patients with normal 13q-status (P=0.25), and survival was also not different between the two patient populations. Patients not benefiting from single-agent bortezomib were characterized by the combined presence of a del(13q14) and low serum albumin (median survival 4.6 months). Our results provide evidence for remarkable activity of bortezomib in MM with del(13q14). Patients who do not respond to bortezomib and consecutively have short time to treatment failure and overall survival can be identified by low serum albumin in addition to del(13q14) and should be considered for bortezomib combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sagaster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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48
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Abstract
In the 1950s it was found that an artificial aminoacid, 3,4-threo-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS), was converted to norepinephrine (NE) in a single step by the enzyme L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), bypassing the need for the rate limiting enzyme dopamine beta hydroxylase. Trying to replicate the success of dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in the treatment of Parkinson disease, treatment with DOPS was attempted in patients with autonomic failure who have impaired NE release. DOPS improved orthostatic hypotension in patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy, congenital deficiency of dopamine beta hydroxylase, pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy. DOPS pressor effect is due to its conversion to NE outside the central nervous system because concomitant administration of carbidopa, an inhibitor of AADC that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, blunted both the increase in plasma NE and the pressor response. DOPS pressor response is not dependent on intact sympathetic terminals because its conversion to NE also occurs in non-neuronal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaufmann
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Linde M, Hattendorf A, Kaufmann H, Debener T. Powdery mildew resistance in roses: QTL mapping in different environments using selective genotyping. Theor Appl Genet 2006; 113:1081-92. [PMID: 16896710 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-006-0367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Podosphaera pannosa, the causal agent of rose powdery mildew, hampers the production of cut roses throughout the world. A major tool to control this disease is the use of resistant plant material. Single resistance genes, like Rpp1, may be overcome within a few years by high risk pathogens like powdery mildews. Durable resistance could be achieved using quantitative resistances. Here we describe mapping of QTLs for resistance to P. pannosa in six different environments (artificial and natural infections in the greenhouse over 3 years and natural infections in the field over 2 years). AFLPs, RGAs and other marker types were used to construct an integrated linkage map for the diploid population 97/7 containing 233 markers. In a selective genotyping procedure, marker segregation was analysed for 170 of the up to 270 phenotyped individuals. We identified seven linkage groups with an average length of 60 cM, corresponding to seven rose chromosomes in the haploid set. Using an LOD significance threshold of 3.9 we detected a total of 28 QTLs for the nine powdery mildew disease scores under analysis. Using the data from artificial inoculations with powdery mildew race 9, three resistance QTLs explaining about 84% of the variability were mapped. Twelve and 15 QTLs were detected for resistance to naturally occurring infections in the greenhouse and in the field, respectively, over several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Linde
- Department of Molecular Breeding, Institute of Plant Genetics, Hannover University, Herrenhäuser Street 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
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50
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Drach J, Kaufmann H, Pichelmayer O, Sagaster V, Seidl S, Chott A, Zielinski C, Raderer M. Marked activity of bortezomib, rituximab, and dexamethasone (BORID) in heavily pretreated patients with mantle cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
17522 Background: Bortezomib (B) belongs to a new class of anti-cancer agents, the proteasome inhibitors, and has documented activity in multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Preclinical studies suggest that B has synergistic activity with rituximab (R), which provides a rationale for the exploration of treatment combinations. Methods: We have initiated a phase II study in relapsed/chemotherapy refractory MCL to evaluate the activity and safety of B in combination with R and dexamethasone (BORID). A treatment cycle consists of B at 1.3 mg/m2 administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, R at 375 mg/m2 administered on day 1, and dexamethasone 40 mg orally on days 1 to 4. Cycles are repeated every 3 weeks for a total of 6 treatment cycles. Patients (pts) with progressive MCL after at least one prior line of therapy (including CHOP or a CHOP-like regimen) are eligible. Results: Up to now, we have enrolled 10 pts (median age, 69 years; range, 48 to 75 years) after a median of 3 lines of prior therapies (range, 1 to 6) including R in 8 pts, high-dose therapy in 3 pts, and thalidomide in 5 pts. Median time between start of frontline therapy and study inclusion was 43 months (range, 11 to 98 months). Severe adverse events (> grade II) included infections (herpes zoster in 2 pts, bacterial pneumonia, mucosal candidiasis), peripheral neuropathy (3 pts), fatigue (2 pts) and vasculitic skin infiltrates in 3 pts. Thrombopenia (< 50 G/L) occured in 2 pts. All adverse events were managable by standard means of supportive care and prolongation of the treatment interval between cycles. Of 8 pts evaluable for efficacy, 7 have achieved a response (3 CR, 4 PR), and 1 pt experienced stable disease. Pts in CR were also negative for disease activity by PET scanning. Skin infiltrates (histologically proven T-cell infiltrates) preceded achievement of CR in 2 pts. 6 of 6 pts are still progression-free at 6 months after treatment initiation. Recruitment of patients is ongoing, and updated results will be presented. Conclusions: Data obtained thus far indicate that BORID has promising activitiy and managable toxicity in patients with heavily pretreated MCL, and development of a vasculitic rash may be an early indicator of a favorable response. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Drach
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - S. Seidl
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A. Chott
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - M. Raderer
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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