1
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Ghosh PK, Ghosh A. Dysregulation of noncoding RNA in chordoma; implications in identifying potential targets for novel therapeutic approaches. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:125. [PMID: 38236360 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare form of bone cancer develops in the spinal cord and skull. Instead of conventional (radio/chemotherapies) and targeted therapies, the disease is associated with high rate of recurrence and poor patient survival. Thus, for better disease management, the molecular pathogenesis of chordoma should be studied in detail to identify dysregulated biomolecules that can be targeted by novel therapeutics. Recent research showed frequent dysregulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in association with aggressive tumor phenotypes like cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis in a variety of cancers, including chordoma. Apart from diagnostic and prognostic importance, noncoding RNAs may serve as promising targets for novel therapeutics in cancer. In this review, we summarized a list of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNA found to be dysregulated in chordoma from available data published in relevant databases (PubMed), as such an approach seems to be rare to date. The dysregulated noncoding RNAs were also associated with adverse tumor phenotypes to assess the impact on disease pathogenesis and, associated downstream molecular pathways were focused. Synthetic compounds and natural products that were reported to target the noncoding RNAs in other malignancies were also listed from published literature and proposed as potential therapeutic agents in chordoma. This review will provide information for further research on chordoma focusing on detailed characterization of dysregulated lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNA to understand the disease pathogenesis and, exploration of suitable natural and synthetic products targeting dysregulated non-coding RNAs to develop effective therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
- Genetics of Non-communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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2
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Yao Y, Shi L, Zhu X. Four differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers and therapy targets in endometrial cancer: Bioinformatic analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34998. [PMID: 37653757 PMCID: PMC10470766 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated exosomes of cancer cells carry microRNAs (miRNAs) to nonmalignant cells to induce metastasis. Our study aimed to find possible biomarkers of EC. Data for miRNA expression related with exosome from EC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and the miRNA expression profiles associated with exosomes of EC were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. We used different algorithms to analyze the differential miRNA expression, infer the relative proportion of immune infiltrating cells, predict chemotherapy sensitivity, and comprehensively score each gene set to evaluate the potential biological function changes of different samples. The gene ontology analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genome genomics pathway analysis were performed for specific genes. A total of 13 differential miRNAs were identified, of which 4 were up-regulated. The 4 miRNAs, that is hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-miR-99b-3p, hsa-miR-193a-5p, and hsa-miR-320d, were the hub exosomal miRNAs that were all closely related to the clinic phenotypes and prognosis of patients. This study preliminarily indicates that the 4 hub exosomal miRNAs (hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-miR-99b-3p, hsa-miR-193a-5p, and hsa-miR-320d) could be used as prognostic biomarkers or therapy targets in EC. Further studies are required to make sure of their real feasibility and values in the EC clinic and the relative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingsha Yao
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liujing Shi
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Women’s Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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3
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Wang S, Hu M, Song D, Tang L, Jiang H. Research progress on the role and mechanism of miR-671 in bone metabolism and bone-related diseases. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1018308. [PMID: 36713572 PMCID: PMC9876598 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1018308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism consists of bone formation and resorption and maintains a dynamic balance in vivo. When bone homeostasis is broken, it can manifest as osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteosarcoma (OS), etc. MiR-671, an important class of non-coding nucleotide sequences in vivo, is regulated by lncRNA and regulates bone metabolism balance by regulating downstream target proteins and activating various signaling pathways. Based on the structure and primary function of miR-671, this paper summarizes the effect and mechanism of miR-671 in bone-related inflammation and cancer diseases, and prospects the application possibility of miR-671, providing reference information for targeted therapy of bone-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotai Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Min Hu, ; Huan Jiang,
| | - Dongsheng Song
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China
| | - Linjun Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Min Hu, ; Huan Jiang,
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Chang C, Tang K, Gao Y, Dai J, Dai C. Bibliometric analysis of the global research trends and hotspots in chordoma from 2000 to 2020. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279181. [PMID: 36520826 PMCID: PMC9754290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chordoma is formed from embryonic residues or ectopic chordae and locally aggressive or malignant tumors. We visually analyzed the research tendency and hotspot of chordoma. METHODS The bibliometric analysis was conducted from the Web of Science Core Collection database over the past two decades. The term and strategies were as follows: "TS = (chordoma) OR TS = (chordoblastoma) OR TS = (chordocarcinoma) OR TS = (chordoepithelioma) OR TS = (chordosarcoma) OR TS = (notochordoma). AND Language: English. AND Reference Type: Article OR Review". A total of 2,118 references were retrieved and used to make a visual analysis by VOSviewer 1.6.15. RESULTS The chordoma was on a steady rise and chordoma but remained the focus of scholars and organizations over the last two decades. The Chinese institutions and scholars lacked cooperation with their counterparts in other countries. The citations of documents and co-citation analysis of cited references suggested that M.L. McMaster, B.P. Walcott, P. Bergh, and S. Stacchiotti were leading researchers in this field of chordoma and their papers had been widely accepted and inspired recent researches. Keywords associated with recent chemotherapy, PD-1-related immunotherapy, and SMARCB1/integrase interactor 1 (INI1) in chordoma were a shortage of research and there may be more research ideas in the future by scholars. The research of chordoma will continue to be the hotspot. CONCLUSIONS Thus, explaining the molecular mechanism and potential role of transcriptional inhibition and immunologic responses to SMARCB1/INI1-negative poorly differentiated chordoma will be available for preclinical experiments and clinical trials and lead to new therapeutic opportunities for chordoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Chang
- Central Laboratory of Medicine School, Xi’an Peihua University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Central Laboratory of Medicine School, Xi’an Peihua University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Central Laboratory of Medicine School, Xi’an Peihua University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingyao Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (JD); (CD)
| | - Chen Dai
- Orthopedics and Trauma Department, the 963rd (224th) Hospital of People’s Liberation Army, 963rd Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JD); (CD)
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Askari A, Hussen BM, Rasul MF, Hatamian S, Taheri M, Kiani A. A review on the role of miR-671 in human disorders. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1077968. [PMID: 36545507 PMCID: PMC9760869 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1077968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-671 is encoded by a gene on 7q36.1 and contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders, including diverse types of cancers, atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, liver fibrosis, osteoarthritis, Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, acute myocardial infarction and Crohn's disease. In the context of cancer, different studies have revealed opposite roles for this miRNA. In brief, it has been shown to be down-regulated in pancreatic ductal carcinoma, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, osteosarcoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and myelodysplastic syndromes. Yet, miR-671 has been up-regulated in glioma, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies in breast, lung and renal cell carcinoma have reported inconsistent results. The current review aims at summarization of the role of miR-671 in these disorders focusing on its target mRNA in each context and dysregulated signaling pathways. We also provide a summary of the role of this miRNA as a prognostic factor in malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arian Askari
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sevak Hatamian
- Department of Anesthesia, Shahid Madani Hospital, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,*Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Arda Kiani,
| | - Arda Kiani
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Arda Kiani,
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6
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Tu K, Lee S, Roy S, Sawant A, Shukla H. Dysregulated Epigenetics of Chordoma: Prognostic Markers and Therapeutic Targets. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:678-690. [PMID: 35440334 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220419122716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare, slow-growing sarcoma that is locally aggressive, and typically resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapies. Despite its low incidence, chordoma remains a clinical challenge because therapeutic options for chordoma are limited, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance to therapies. Furthermore, there are currently no established predictive or prognostic biomarkers to follow disease progression or treatment. Whole-genome sequencing of chordoma tissues has demonstrated a low-frequency mutation rate compared to other cancers. This has generated interest in the role of epigenetic events in chordoma pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the epigenetic drivers of chordoma and their potential applications in prognosis and the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tu
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sang Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
| | - Sanjit Roy
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amit Sawant
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hem Shukla
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland school of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Lin JC, Kuo CY, Tsai JT, Liu WH. miR-671-5p Inhibition by MSI1 Promotes Glioblastoma Tumorigenesis via Radioresistance, Tumor Motility and Cancer Stem-like Cell Properties. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010021. [PMID: 35052701 PMCID: PMC8773172 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could be potential biomarkers for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prognosis and response to therapeutic agents. We previously demonstrated that the cancer stem cell marker Musashi-1 (MSI1) is an RNA binding protein that promotes radioresistance by increasing downstream RNA stability. To identify that MSI1 interacts with miRNAs and attenuates their function, we also get candidate miRNAs from the mRNA seq by predicting with TargetScan software. miR-671-5p in GBM cells interacts with MSI1 by intersecting the precipitated miRNAs with the predicted miRNAs. Notably, overexpression of MSI1 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-671-5p. The phenotype of miR-671-5p in GBM cells could affect radiosensitivity by modulating the posttranscriptional activity of STAT3. In addition, miR-671-5p could attenuate tumor migration and cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics by repressing the posttranscriptional activity of TRAF2. MSI1 may regulate GBM radioresistance, CSCs and tumor motility through miR-671-5p inhibition to increasing STAT3 and TRAF2 presentation. In vivo, the GBM tumor size was inversely correlated with miR-671-5p expression, but tumorigenesis was promoted by STAT3 and TRAF2 activation in the miR-671-5p-positive GBM population. miR-671-5p could be activated as a novel therapeutic target for GBM and has potential application as a predictive biomarker of glioblastoma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Chun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.-C.L.); (C.-Y.K.); (J.-T.T.)
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuan Kuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.-C.L.); (C.-Y.K.); (J.-T.T.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Ting Tsai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (J.-C.L.); (C.-Y.K.); (J.-T.T.)
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Sec. 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +88-62-8792-7177; Fax: +88-62-8792-7178
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8
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Roles of Exosomes in Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112933. [PMID: 34831158 PMCID: PMC8616203 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the accumulation and composition of the extracellular matrix are part of the normal tissue repair process. During fibrosis, this process becomes dysregulated and excessive extracellular matrix alters the biomechanical properties and function of tissues involved. Historically fibrosis was thought to be progressive and irreversible; however, studies suggest that fibrosis is a dynamic process whose progression can be stopped and even reversed. This realization has led to an enhanced pursuit of therapeutic agents targeting fibrosis and extracellular matrix-producing cells. In many organs, fibroblasts are the primary cells that produce the extracellular matrix. In response to diverse mechanical and biochemical stimuli, these cells are activated or transdifferentiate into specialized cells termed myofibroblasts that have an enhanced capacity to produce extracellular matrix. It is clear that interactions between diverse cells of the heart are able to modulate fibroblast activation and fibrosis. Exosomes are a form of extracellular vesicle that play an important role in intercellular communication via the cargo that they deliver to target cells. While relatively recently discovered, exosomes have been demonstrated to play important positive and negative roles in the regulation of fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. These roles as well as efforts to engineer exosomes as therapeutic tools will be discussed.
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Sheppard HE, Dall’Agnese A, Park WD, Shamim MH, Dubrulle J, Johnson HL, Stossi F, Cogswell P, Sommer J, Levy J, Sharifnia T, Wawer MJ, Nabet B, Gray NS, Clemons PA, Schreiber SL, Workman P, Young RA, Lin CY. Targeted brachyury degradation disrupts a highly specific autoregulatory program controlling chordoma cell identity. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100188. [PMID: 33521702 PMCID: PMC7817874 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chordomas are rare spinal tumors addicted to expression of the developmental transcription factor brachyury. In chordomas, brachyury is super-enhancer associated and preferentially downregulated by pharmacologic transcriptional CDK inhibition, leading to cell death. To understand the underlying basis of this sensitivity, we dissect the brachyury transcription regulatory network and compare the consequences of brachyury degradation with transcriptional CDK inhibition. Brachyury defines the chordoma super-enhancer landscape and autoregulates through binding its super-enhancer, and its locus forms a transcriptional condensate. Transcriptional CDK inhibition and brachyury degradation disrupt brachyury autoregulation, leading to loss of its transcriptional condensate and transcriptional program. Compared with transcriptional CDK inhibition, which globally downregulates transcription, leading to cell death, brachyury degradation is much more selective, inducing senescence and sensitizing cells to anti-apoptotic inhibition. These data suggest that brachyury downregulation is a core tenet of transcriptional CDK inhibition and motivates developing strategies to target brachyury and its autoregulatory feedback loop. Brachyury defines the chordoma super-enhancer landscape Brachyury autoregulates through a transcriptional condensate CDK7/12/13i and brachyury degradation target the brachyury transcriptional condensate Brachyury degradation inhibits chordoma identity genes and induces senescence
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadley E. Sheppard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Woojun D. Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M. Hamza Shamim
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah L. Johnson
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | - Joan Levy
- Chordoma Foundation, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Tanaz Sharifnia
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Behnam Nabet
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul A. Clemons
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Richard A. Young
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charles Y. Lin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Therapeutic Innovation Center, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Corresponding author
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10
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Hoffman SE, Al Abdulmohsen SA, Gupta S, Hauser BM, Meredith DM, Dunn IF, Bi WL. Translational Windows in Chordoma: A Target Appraisal. Front Neurol 2020; 11:657. [PMID: 32733369 PMCID: PMC7360834 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordomas are rare tumors that are notoriously refractory to chemotherapy and radiotherapy when radical surgical resection is not achieved or upon recurrence after maximally aggressive treatment. The study of chordomas has been complicated by small patient cohorts and few available model systems due to the rarity of these tumors. Emerging next-generation sequencing technologies have broadened understanding of this disease by implicating novel pathways for possible targeted therapy. Mutations in cell-cycle regulation and chromatin remodeling genes have been identified in chordomas, but their significance remains unknown. Investigation of the immune microenvironment of these tumors suggests that checkpoint protein expression may influence prognosis, and adjuvant immunotherapy may improve patient outcome. Finally, growing evidence supports aberrant growth factor signaling as potential pathogenic mechanisms in chordoma. In this review, we characterize the impact on treatment opportunities offered by the genomic and immunologic landscape of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E Hoffman
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sally A Al Abdulmohsen
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Saksham Gupta
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Blake M Hauser
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David M Meredith
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ian F Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Wenya Linda Bi
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Zhang H, Yang K, Ren T, Huang Y, Liang X, Yu Y, Wang W, Niu J, Lou J, Tang X, Guo W. miR-100-5p Inhibits Malignant Behavior of Chordoma Cells by Targeting IGF1R. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4129-4137. [PMID: 32606920 PMCID: PMC7293400 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s252185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our research aimed to illuminate the role of miR-100-5p in chordoma and potential mechanism. Materials and Methods We used microRNA array analysis to explore differentially expressed miRNAs in chordoma tissue and then verified by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation and transwell assay were used to evaluate the function of miR-100-5p. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and using biological software, we predicted that the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) could be the target gene of miR-100-5p, which was then validated by dual luciferase assays and Western blot. Results miR-100-5p was downregulated in chordoma tissues. Overexpression of miR-100-5p could suppress the growth of chordoma both in vitro and in vivo, and miR-100-5p could inhibit the migration and invasion of chordoma cells partially by suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, IGF1R was validated as the target gene of miR-100-5p and expressed in most chordoma tissues. Conclusion In conclusion, our results showed that miR-100-5p was lowly expressed in chordoma and inhibited tumor malignant progression by targeting IGF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangzhou University Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Yu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Niu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbing Lou
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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12
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Daneshmandpour Y, Bahmanpour Z, Hamzeiy H, Mazaheri Moghaddam M, Mazaheri Moghaddam M, Khademi B, Sakhinia E. MicroRNAs association with azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia: a systematic review. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:763-775. [PMID: 32189180 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a major health problem across the world. One of the main reasons for male infertility are defects in sperm. Semen analysis is the most common test utilized to evaluate male fertility and since it suffers from multiple drawbacks, reproduction scientists have tried to find new molecular markers for detecting sperm defects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules in cells which take part in regulating gene expression. Various studies have confirmed miRNAs to have a role in defining multiple sperm characteristics, including sperm count, motility, and morphology. In this paper, we have systematically reviewed the role of miRNAs in infertile men with sperm defects including azoospermia, oligospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia. Also, we have assembled various bioinformatics tools to come up with a pipeline for predicting novel miRNAs which could possibly participate in sperm count, motility, and morphology. Also, related KEGG and GO terms for predicted miRNAs have been included in order to highlight their role in sperm function. Our study emphasizes the potential role of miRNAs in male infertility and provides a general overview for future studies aiming to find robust molecular markers for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Daneshmandpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Tabriz Genetic Analysis Centre (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Hamzeiy
- Tabriz Genetic Analysis Centre (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Genomize Inc., Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marziyeh Mazaheri Moghaddam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Tabriz Genetic Analysis Centre (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Madiheh Mazaheri Moghaddam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Khademi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Tabriz Genetic Analysis Centre (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Ma C, Nie ZK, Guo HM, Kong Y. MiR-671-5p plays a promising role in restraining osteosarcoma cell characteristics through targeting TUFT1. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22490. [PMID: 32115852 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to explore the roles of miR-671-5p in mediating biological processes of osteosarcoma (OS) cells and clinical implications. On the basis of the OS samples acquired from the GEO database, the expression difference and overall survival analyses of miR-671-5p and TUFT1 were determined. The expression of MiR-671-5p was verified using OS cell lines. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound-healing, and Transwell assays were respectively carried out to probe whether miR-671-5p regulated OS cell vitality, migration, and invasion. The expression of miR-671-5p was downregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. High expression of MiR-671-5p blocked OS cell growth, migration, and invasion. TUFT1 was predicted and validated as the target of miR-671-5p in OS cells using in silico analysis and luciferase reporter assays. Forced expression of TUFT1 reversed the suppressive influence of miR-671-5p on cell viability, migration, and invasion of OS cells. Moreover, the low expression of miR-671-5p and the high expression of TUFT1 led to poor prognosis. Taken together, targeting miR-671-5p/TUFT1 may be a promising strategy for treating OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Ma
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Kui Nie
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Min Guo
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Kong
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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14
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Tumor-Suppressive Function of lncRNA-MEG3 in Glioma Cells by Regulating miR-6088/SMARCB1 Axis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4309161. [PMID: 32420340 PMCID: PMC7201742 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4309161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Mounting evidence has elaborated the implication of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis of several cancers, including glioma. However, little was known about the mechanism of lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in the development and progression of glioma. This work is designed to explore the effect of MEG3 on glioma progression and its possible mechanism. Methods Expressions of lncRNA-MEG3 and SMARCB1 were detected in human glioblastoma U87 and U251 cell lines. Gain and loss of function of MEG3 or/and miR-6088 was performed in U87 and U251 cells to observe its effect on cell proliferation and migration as well as on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers. Luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to inspect the interactions among MEG3, miR-6088, and SMARCB1. Results MEG3 and SMARCB1 expressions were downregulated in glioma cells. Transfection of pcDNA3.1-MEG3 or pcDNA3.1-SMARCB1 plasmids could clearly block cell proliferation, migration, and EMT progression. MEG3 functions as a sponge for miR-6088, while SMARCB1 is a downstream protein of miR-6088. Transfection of miR-6088 mimic or si-SMARCB1 could obviously reverse the favorable effect of pcDNA3.1-MEG3 on glioma progression. Conclusion Collectively, the evidence in this study indicated that MEG3 was downregulated in glioma cells and inhibited proliferation and migration of glioma cells via regulating miR-6088/SMARCB1 axis.
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15
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Liu Z, Xu S, Dao J, Gan Z, Zeng X. Differential expression of lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA and their related functional networks during the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3350-3361. [PMID: 31549394 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dentin-pulp regeneration requires dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), but the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) during this process remains unclear. Here, we cultured human DPSCs in osteogenic/odontogenic medium for 14 days and analyzed cells via RNA-sequencing. The data were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and lncRNA-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) networks were constructed to reveal the potential competing endogenous RNA regulatory role of lncRNAs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis were performed. One lncRNA, SNHG7, was identified and validated by genetic shRNA silencing. A total of 89 lncRNAs, 1,636 mRNAs, and 113 miRNAs were differentially expressed after differentiation. Bioinformatics identified an array of affected signaling pathways including phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B, transforming growth factor-β, and Wnt. mRNAs were enriched in cell migration, cell differentiation, stem cell development, ossification, and skeletal development. One lncRNA, SNHG7, was indentified to inhibit the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs when silenced. In summary, we reveal several lncRNAs that significantly change during DPSC differentiation, including SNHG7. This reveals new targets for dentin-pulp complex regeneration and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Dao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekun Gan
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongqun Zeng
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Jin W, Shi J, Liu M. Overexpression of miR-671-5p indicates a poor prognosis in colon cancer and accelerates proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6865-6873. [PMID: 31686843 PMCID: PMC6709824 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s219421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colon cancer is one of the common malignancies worldwide, and many genes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), have been demonstrated that associated with progression of various diseases, including cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role of miR-671-5p in colon cancer. Patients and methods Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression levels of miR-671-5p in 115 paired colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues, as well as in colon cancer cells. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the prognostic significance of miR-671-5p in colon cancer. CCK-8 assay, colony-formation assay, Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to evaluate the effects of miR-671-5p on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in colon cancer. Results We found that miR-671-5p expression was increased in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-671-5p was found associated with lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and poor overall survival of patients with colon cancer. By exploiting miR-671-5p mimics and inhibitors, miR-671-5p overexpression significantly increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while downregulation of miR-671-5p inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells. Conclusion Taken together, miR-671-5p may act as an oncogene in colon cancer and promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells by targeting TRIM67. And it may be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic application for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Shi
- Department of Pathology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiqin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, People's Republic of China
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17
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Chen X, Zhang C, Wang X. Long noncoding RNA DLEU1 aggravates osteosarcoma carcinogenesis via regulating the miR-671-5p/DDX5 axis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3322-3328. [PMID: 31379208 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1648285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chengyong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Nanyang City, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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18
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Ma J, Tian K, Wang L, Wang K, Du J, Li D, Wu Z, Zhang J. High Expression of TGF-β1 Predicting Tumor Progression in Skull Base Chordomas. World Neurosurg 2019; 131:e265-e270. [PMID: 31349076 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression characteristics and prognostic value of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in primary skull base chordomas (SBCs). METHODS The mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 were measured in 57 frozen samples from patients with primary SBCs. Clinical data collection, follow-up, correlations, and survival analyses were performed. RESULTS In the series of 57 patients (29 men and 28 women) with primary SBCs, the mean value of TGF-β1 mRNA was 1.713 with a median of 0.904. Twenty-four SBCs were soft type and 33 were hard type. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed that the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA in hard type SBCs was significantly higher than the expression level found in the soft type (P = 0.03). The independent-samples median test suggested that the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA in female patients' SBCs was significantly higher than that in male patients' SBCs (P = 0.01). Expression differences of TGF-β1 were not seen among different pathological subtypes, tumor blood supply, or degree of resection. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient clarified that TGF-β1 mRNA levels were not correlated with tumor diameter, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), postoperative KPS, follow-up KPS, age, or intraoperative blood loss. The multivariate Cox analysis revealed that pathological subtype (P = 0.008), expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA (P = 0.01), and tumor texture (P = 0.03) were all independent prognostic factors for tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS SBCs in female patients and SBCs with hard texture were prone to have high TGF-β1 mRNA expression. High expression of TGF-β1, hard tumor texture, and conventional subtype were all independent risk factors for tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Kaibing Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Junting Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brian Tumor, Beijing, China.
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19
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Li X, Nie C, Tian B, Tan X, Han W, Wang J, Jin Y, Li Y, Guan X, Hong A, Chen X. miR-671-5p Blocks The Progression Of Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma By Suppressing FGFR2. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1892-1904. [PMID: 31523191 PMCID: PMC6743296 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.32429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignant tumor worldwide, of which esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the dominant histological subtype. A drug shortage for ESCC therapy triggered us to explore the roles of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and its upstream regulator miR-671-5p in ESCC progression. We compared the levels of FGFR2 and miR-671-5p between human ESCC tissues and their matched normal esophageal tissues and found an association between higher levels of FGFR2 and lower levels of miR-671-5p in ESCC tissues. High levels of FGFR2 resulted in the activation of the ERK and AKT pathways and a promotion of ESCC progression. High levels of miR-671-5p specifically reduced the expression of FGFR2 and suppressed ESCC progression in both in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore, suppressing FGFR2 and enhancing miR-671-5p expression may be the right approaches for ESCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Changjun Nie
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Baoqing Tian
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Tan
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Wei Han
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jiakang Wang
- Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510090, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yadan Li
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - An Hong
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine & Department of cell Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
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20
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Tuysuz EC, Gulluoglu S, Yaltirik CK, Ozbey U, Kuskucu A, Çoban EA, Sahin F, Türe U, Bayrak OF. Distinctive role of dysregulated miRNAs in chordoma cancer stem-like cell maintenance. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Uwatoko H, Hama Y, Iwata IT, Shirai S, Matsushima M, Yabe I, Utsumi J, Sasaki H. Identification of plasma microRNA expression changes in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease. Mol Brain 2019; 12:49. [PMID: 31088501 PMCID: PMC6518614 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small (18–25 nt), single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that play key roles in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation. The expression profiles of miRNAs in biofluids and tissues change in various diseases. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are both categorized as α-synucleinopathies and often present with similar clinical manifestations. This study aimed to identify miRNAs that are differently expressed in plasma samples of PD patients, MSA patients, and healthy controls. We used microarray analysis to screen for miRNAs that are up- and down-regulated in these patients and analyzed the relative-quantitative expression levels of the identified miRNAs by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-19b-3p, and hsa-miR-24-3p showed significantly different expression levels among patients with MSA-C, MSA-P, or PD, and healthy controls. Hsa-miR-671-5p levels were lower in the MSA-P and PD than the MSA-C and control groups, hsa-miR-19b-3p levels were higher in the PD than the other groups, and hsa-miR-24-3p levels were higher in the PD than the MSA-C group. Hsa-miR-671-5p was the first miRNA shown to be expressed differently between MSA-C and MSA-P in plasma. Interestingly, the expression levels of hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-24-3p were positively correlated, indicating that these miRNAs may be involved in the same processes in PD pathogenesis. Our findings suggest that hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-19b-3p, and hsa-miR-24-3p may reflect the pathophysiology or symptoms of PD and MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Uwatoko
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan.
| | - Yuka Hama
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
| | - Ikuko Takahashi Iwata
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shirai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
| | - Masaaki Matsushima
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yabe
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
| | - Jun Utsumi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
| | - Hidenao Sasaki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8368, Japan
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22
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Bellantoni G, Guerrini F, Del Maestro M, Galzio R, Luzzi S. Simple schwannomatosis or an incomplete Coffin-Siris? Report of a particular case. eNeurologicalSci 2019; 14:31-33. [PMID: 30555950 PMCID: PMC6277249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schwannomatosis is a genetic disorder that belongs to NF family. The mutation of SMARCB1 gene has been related to this entity and Coffin-Siris syndrome, as well. We reported a case of a female patient with SMARCB1 mutation who has developed a spontaneuous spleen rupture. CASE DESCRIPTION A 28 years old female patient with a story of a Sjogren syndrome, celiac disease and a surgically treated schwannoma, presented to our observation in July 2013 for a pain on the left elbow, where a tumefation was present. After neuroradiological evaluations, a surgical resection was performed and a schwannoma was diagnosed. Genetic exams revealed a puntiform SMARCB1 gene mutation. During 2015, she was subdued to the removal of an another schwannoma located into the cervical medullary canal. Few months later, she was operated in an another hospital for a spontaneous spleen rupture in a possible context of wandering spleen. CONCLUSION We think that the patient could suffer from a partially expressed Coffin-Siris syndrome. No cases of spontaneous rupture in a context of wandering spleen have been ever described as for as schwannomatosis or Coffin-Siris syndrome are concerned. More cases are necessary to establish a direct relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Bellantoni
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - F. Guerrini
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Del Maestro
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - R. Galzio
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - S. Luzzi
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Roy S, Hooiveld GJ, Seehawer M, Caruso S, Heinzmann F, Schneider AT, Frank AK, Cardenas DV, Sonntag R, Luedde M, Trautwein C, Stein I, Pikarsky E, Loosen S, Tacke F, Ringelhan M, Avsaroglu SK, Goga A, Buendia MA, Vucur M, Heikenwalder M, Zucman-Rossi J, Zender L, Roderburg C, Luedde T. microRNA 193a-5p Regulates Levels of Nucleolar- and Spindle-Associated Protein 1 to Suppress Hepatocarcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:1951-1966.e26. [PMID: 30165047 PMCID: PMC6279541 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We performed an integrated analysis to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with altered expression in liver tumors from 3 mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and human tumor tissues. METHODS We analyzed miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of liver tissues from mice with diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, conditional expression of lymphotoxin alpha and lymphotoxin beta, or inducible expression of a Myc transgene (Tet-O-Myc mice), as well as male C57BL/6 mice (controls). miRNA mimics were expressed and miRNAs and mRNAs were knocked down in human (Huh7, Hep3B, JHH2) hepatoma cell lines; cells were analyzed for viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Cells were grown as xenograft tumors in nude mice and analyzed. We combined in silico target gene prediction with mRNA profiles from all 3 mouse models. We quantified miRNA levels in 146 fresh-frozen tissues from patients (125 HCCs, 17 matched nontumor tissues, and 4 liver samples from patients without cancer) and published human data sets and tested correlations with patient survival times using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test. Levels of NUSAP1 mRNA were quantified in 237 HCCs and 5 nontumor liver samples using the TaqMan assay. RESULTS Levels of the miRNA 193a-5p (MIR193A-5p) were reduced in liver tumors from all 3 mouse tumor models and in human HCC samples, compared with nontumor liver tissues. Expression of a MIR193A-5p mimic in hepatoma cells reduced proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion and their growth as xenograft tumors in nude mice. We found nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) to be a target of MIR193A-5p; HCC cells and tissues with low levels of MIR193A-5p had increased expression of NUSAP1. Increased levels of NUSAP1 in HCC samples correlated with shorter survival times of patients. Knockdown of NUSAP1 in Huh7 cells reduced proliferation, survival, migration, and growth as xenograft tumors in nude mice. Hydrodynamic tail-vein injections of a small hairpin RNA against NUSAP1 reduced growth of Akt1-Myc-induced tumors in mice. CONCLUSIONS MIR193A-5p appears to prevent liver tumorigenesis by reducing levels of NUSAP1. Levels of MIR193A-5p are reduced in mouse and human HCC cells and tissues, leading to increased levels of NUSAP1, associated with shorter survival times of patients. Integrated analyses of miRNAs and mRNAs in tumors from mouse models can lead to identification of therapeutic targets in humans. The currently reported miRNA and mRNA profiling data have been submitted to the Gene Expression Omnibus (super-series accession number GSE102418).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Roy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology,Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Guido J. Hooiveld
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco Seehawer
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Inserm UMR-1162, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, University Paris Descartes, University University Paris Diderot, University Paris 13, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Paris, France
| | - Florian Heinzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Anna K. Frank
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | | | - Roland Sonntag
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Mark Luedde
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Kiel, 25105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ilan Stein
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sven Loosen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany
| | - Marc Ringelhan
- Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 München
| | - Seda Kilinc Avsaroglu
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452
| | - Andrei Goga
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452
| | - Marie-Annick Buendia
- Inserm Unit U1193, University Paris-Sud, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm UMR-1162, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors, University Paris Descartes, University University Paris Diderot, University Paris 13, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Paris, France
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - Tom Luedde
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, Aachen Germany; Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen Germany.
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Velz J, Agaimy A, Frontzek K, Neidert MC, Bozinov O, Wagner U, Fritz C, Coras R, Hofer S, Bode-Lesniewska B, Rushing E. Molecular and Clinicopathologic Heterogeneity of Intracranial Tumors Mimicking Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77:727-735. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Velz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl Frontzek
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neuropathology, Clinical Neuroscience Center
| | - Marian Christoph Neidert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bozinov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Wagner
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Fritz
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Coras
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silvia Hofer
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Beata Bode-Lesniewska
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Rushing
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neuropathology, Clinical Neuroscience Center
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25
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Owosho AA, Zhang L, Rosenblum MK, Antonescu CR. High sensitivity of FISH analysis in detecting homozygous SMARCB1 deletions in poorly differentiated chordoma: a clinicopathologic and molecular study of nine cases. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 57:89-95. [PMID: 29119645 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Poorly differentiated chordomas (PDCs) represent a rare subset of notochordal neoplasms, affecting primarily children and associated with an aggressive outcome. In contrast to conventional chordomas, PDC show solid growth and increased cellularity, cytologic atypia, and mitotic activity. Recent studies have shown that PDCs are characterized by recurrent deletions encompassing the SMARCB1 locus, resulting in consistent loss of nuclear SMARCB1 expression. Thus PDC joined the expanding family of SMARCB1-deficient tumors characterized by various SMARCB1 structural abnormalities, ranging from large homozygous deletions to small intragenic mutations. In the present study, we investigate the SMARCB1 abnormalities in a group of nine well-characterized PDCs and to establish the sensitivity of the FISH method in detecting these changes in the clinical setting. We further assessed the pathologic features and clinical behavior of this cohort managed at our referral center over a 20-year period. The mean age at diagnosis was 10 years-of-age. All except one case occurred in the cranial region. All demonstrated strong nuclear expression of brachyury and loss of SMARCB1 expression. FISH identified homozygous SMARCB1 deletions in all except one case; additionally two cases revealed a heterozygous EWSR1 locus co-deletion. Clinical follow-up information was available in five patients. Two patients presented with distant metastases at initial diagnosis. Two of the three remaining patients with primary disease failed both locally and distantly after multimodality therapy. We conclude that PDCs are highly aggressive tumors and the dominant mechanism of loss of SMARCB1 expression is through large, homozygous SMARCB1 deletions that can be readily detected by FISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adepitan A Owosho
- College of Dental Medicine, University of New England, Portland, Maine.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Marc K Rosenblum
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | - Cristina R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
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