1
|
Lee YZ, Kow ASF, Jacquet A, Lee MT, Tham CL. House dust mite allergy in Malaysia: review of research gaps in the current scenario and the way forward. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2023; 91:509-539. [PMID: 37995026 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of house dust mite (HDM) allergy, especially in Asian countries with rapid urbanization, has been increasing. House dust mites thrive in places with relatively high humidity. With the combination of climate change, naturally high humidity, and urbanization, tropical countries like Malaysia are becoming a hotspot for HDM allergy fast. With a previously reported sensitization rate of between 60 and 80%, it is a worrying trend for Malaysia. However, due to incomplete and out-of-date data, as seen by the limited study coverage in the past, these numbers do not paint a complete picture of the true HDM allergy scene in Malaysia. This review briefly discusses the HDM fauna, the HDM sensitization rate, the common diagnosis and therapeutic tools for HDM allergy in Malaysia, and makes suggestions for possible improvements in the future. This review also highlights the need of more comprehensive population-based prevalence studies to be done in Malaysia, encompassing the three main HDMs-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, and Blomia tropicalis-as the lack of up-to-date studies failed to give a clearer picture on the current scenario of HDM allergy in Malaysia. Future studies will be beneficial to the nation in preparing a better blueprint for the management and treatment of HDM allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao Lee
- Office of Postgraduate Studies, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Alain Jacquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ming Tatt Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
- Centre of Research for Mental Health and Wellbeing, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia.
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu HR, Tsai JH, Richard Lin CH, Wang JY, Wen YH, Wu SS, Hou Y, Lee IK, Tu HP, Lee YC. Is asthma a protective factor for dengue fever? In vitro experiment and nationwide population-based cohort analysis. Allergol Int 2019; 68:486-493. [PMID: 31248809 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever (DF) is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease. Practical vaccines or specific therapeutics are still expected. Environmental factors and genetic factors affect the susceptibility of Dengue virus (DV) infection. Asthma is a common allergic disease, with house dust mites (HDMs) being the most important allergens. Asthmatic patients are susceptible to several microorganism infections. METHODS A nationwide population-based cohort analysis was designed to assess whether to determine whether asthma can be a risk factor for DF. RESULTS Unexpectedly, our data from a nationwide population-based cohort revealed asthmatic patients are at a decreased risk of DF. Compared to patients without asthma, the hazard ratio (HR) for DF in patients with asthma was 0.166 (95% CI: 0.118-0.233) after adjustment for possible confounding factors. In the age stratification, the adjusted HR for DF in young adult patients with asthma was 0.063. Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) of dendritic cells (DCs) is an important entry for DV. Through another in vitro experiment, we found that HDM can diminish surface expression of DC-SIGN in monocyte-derived DCs and further decrease the cellular entry of DV. CONCLUSIONS Decreased DC-SIGN expression in DCs of allergic asthmatic patient may be one of many factors for them to be protected against DF. This could implicate the potential for DC-SIGN modulation as a candidate target for designing therapeutic strategies for DF.
Collapse
|
3
|
Dey D, Saha GK, Podder S. A review of house dust mite allergy in India. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2019; 78:1-14. [PMID: 31115731 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-019-00366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) are extensively reported as potent allergens worldwide with India being in the top row. HDM sensitization is hugely reported from India and has led to the concern of implementing proper guidelines for treatment of the sufferers. Climatic conditions and a rapid shift of life style toward a more indoor and urbanised pattern are denoted as the probable causes of increased HDM exposure and sensitization. On the contrary, the varying rate of HDM allergy from similar climate and urbanised areas throughout the world suggest the influence of genetic predisposition. At present, in India, avoidance of HDM exposure is recommended as the baseline defence. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) guidelines are proposed in India to maintain uniformity in the diagnosis techniques and management strategies throughout the country. Considering the genetic susceptibility toward allergic diseases, the concept of 'personalised medicine' is preferred over the 'mass targeted treatment'. From the Indian perspective, the present problem is Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae allergens are not well characterised at the molecular level. As a consequence, India is still reliant on less standardised allergen extracts. The proper identification, purification, and molecular characterization of HDM allergens can combat this problem. In this review, we aimed to portray a complete account of HDM allergy in India with respect to prevalence, probable triggers, diagnosis and therapy. We have attempted to present the current ambiguities along with the likely deciphering that would pave the way to solve HDM allergy-related queries in India.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Dey
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, BC Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Saha
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, BC Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Sanjoy Podder
- Allergology and Medical Entomology Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Barasat Government College, 10, KNC Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700124, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghosh A, Dutta S, Podder S, Mondal P, Laha A, Saha NC, Moitra S, Saha GK. Sensitivity to House Dust Mites Allergens with Atopic Asthma and Its Relationship with CD14 C(-159T) Polymorphism in Patients of West Bengal, India. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 55:14-19. [PMID: 29045689 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
India is the home to around 15-20 million asthmatics, and asthma prevalence is increasing in Indian metropolitan area, including Kolkata, West Bengal. Complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors are involved in asthma. Genome-wide search for susceptible loci regulating IgE response (atopy) have identified a candidate gene CD14 which is most important in the context of allergic responses of respiratory system. This study was aimed to investigate the role of house dust and house dust mites in development of bronchial asthma and to explore the possible association of candidate gene CD14 with disease manifestation among Kolkata patient population. Skin-prick test was done among 950 asthmatic patients against 8 aeroallergens, including house dust and house dust mites and total serum IgE and allergen-specific IgE were measured. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was done in patients and nonasthmatic control (n = 255 in each) to characterize a functional polymorphism, C(-159)T, of CD14, a positional candidate gene for allergy. We identified house dust as the most common aeroallergen sensitizer among atopic patients in Kolkata followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) mites. Patient's sera contain significantly higher IgE level than that of control. Allergen-specific IgE antibody test revealed that 76.36% patients had specific IgE antibody against D. pteronyssinus mite. There was a significant difference in the distribution of alleles and genotypes for CD14 polymorphism with an increase in disease severity. So, in Kolkata, house dust mite is a common aeroallergen and D. pteronyssinus is predominant among mites. The present study revealed that bronchial asthma has a genetic background.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shampa Dutta
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanjoy Podder
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, India
| | - Priti Mondal
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, India
| | - Arghya Laha
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Nimai Chandra Saha
- Department of Vice-Chancellor's Secretariat, University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Saibal Moitra
- Allergy and Asthma Research Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Saha
- Department of Zoology, Calcutta University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dutta S, Mondal P, Saha NC, Moitra S, Podder S, Ghosh A, Saha GK. Role of offending out-door aero-allergen and CD14 C(-159)T polymorphism in development and severity of asthma in a Kolkata patient population. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:1101-1109. [PMID: 29937881 PMCID: PMC5870296 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i4.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Present study involved identification of offending out-door aero-allergens and associated genetic pathway in nasso-bronchial asthma among Kolkata population. Methods Skin-prick test was done among 950 asthmatic patients against 11 common aero-allergens and total serum IgE concentration was measured. PCR-RFLP was done in patients and non-asthmatic control (n=220 in each) to characterize functional polymorphism, C(-159)T, of CD14, a positional candidate gene for allergy. Association of genetic polymorphisms was made with clinico-pathological conditions. Results We identified Cocos nucifera as the most common aero-allergen sensitizer among atopic patients in Kolkata. Patients with childhood-onset asthma were significantly more sensitive towards aero-allergens and had significantly higher serum IgE level than those of adult-onset (p< 0.0001). No significant difference was found in distribution of SNP genotypes of CD14 among case and control (p=0.178). However among patients, frequency of C allele is significantly higher in childhood-onset group than that of adult-onset and concordantly in former CC genotype was associated with significant higher level of serum IgE than CT and TT. Conclusion In Kolkata, pollen is a common out-door aero-allergen and Cocos nucifera is predominant among pollens. Childhood-onset and adult-onset of asthma showed significant difference in allergen sensitivity as well as genetic background with respect to CD14 polymorphism.
Collapse
|
6
|
Sánchez-Borges M, Fernandez-Caldas E, Thomas WR, Chapman MD, Lee BW, Caraballo L, Acevedo N, Chew FT, Ansotegui IJ, Behrooz L, Phipatanakul W, Gerth van Wijk R, Pascal D, Rosario N, Ebisawa M, Geller M, Quirce S, Vrtala S, Valenta R, Ollert M, Canonica GW, Calderón MA, Barnes CS, Custovic A, Benjaponpitak S, Capriles-Hulett A. International consensus (ICON) on: clinical consequences of mite hypersensitivity, a global problem. World Allergy Organ J 2017; 10:14. [PMID: 28451053 PMCID: PMC5394630 DOI: 10.1186/s40413-017-0145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Since mite allergens are the most relevant inducers of allergic diseases worldwide, resulting in significant morbidity and increased burden on health services, the International Collaboration in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (iCAALL), formed by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI), the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI), the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), and the World Allergy Organization (WAO), has proposed to issue an International Consensus (ICON) on the clinical consequences of mite hypersensitivity. The objectives of this document are to highlight aspects of mite biology that are clinically relevant, to update the current knowledge on mite allergens, routes of sensitization, the genetics of IgE responses to mites, the epidemiologic aspects of mite hypersensitivity, the clinical pictures induced by mites, the diagnosis, specific immunotherapeutic approaches, and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sánchez-Borges
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela
- Clínica El Avila, 6ª transversal Urb. Altamira, Piso 8, Consultoria 803, Caracas, 1060 Venezuela
| | - Enrique Fernandez-Caldas
- Inmunotek S.L., Madrid, Spain and Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Wayne R. Thomas
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
| | | | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Functional Genomics Laboratories, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Leili Behrooz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Boston Cshildren’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Boston Cshildren’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Roy Gerth van Wijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allergology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Demoly Pascal
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Paris, France
- Montpellier and Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Nelson Rosario
- Federal University of Parana, Rua General Carneiro, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergology and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan
| | - Mario Geller
- Division of Medicine, Academy of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, UK
| | - Giorgio Walter Canonica
- Allergy & Respiratory Diseases Clinic, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Moises A. Calderón
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London – NHLI, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles S. Barnes
- Division of Allergy/Immunology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Adnan Custovic
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suwat Benjaponpitak
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arnaldo Capriles-Hulett
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zschemisch NH, Brüsch I, Hambusch AS, Bleich A. Transcription Factor SP2 Enhanced the Expression of Cd14 in Colitis-Susceptible C3H/HeJBir. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155821. [PMID: 27191968 PMCID: PMC4871554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic analysis in the IL10-deficient mouse model revealed a modifier locus of experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on chromosome 18, with the allele of the strain C3H/HeJBir (C3Bir) conferring resistance and the allele of C57BL/6J (B6) conferring susceptibility. Differential Cd14 expression was associated with this background specific susceptibility to intestinal inflammation. Polymorphisms of the Cd14 promoter were found to be likely causative for strain specific expression, and Cd14-knockout mice revealed a protective role of this gene-product in experimental IBD. In this study, luciferase reporter assays confirmed an increased activity of the C3Bir derived Cd14 promoter compared to the one of B6. Promoter truncation experiments and site-directed mutagenesis in both strains resulted in reduced Cd14 promoter activity and confirmed that a central AP1 and the proximal SP1 transcription factor binding sites mediated the basal activity of the Cd14 promoter in the mouse. Moreover, a T to C exchange at position -259 replaced putative STAT1 and CDX1 sites in the Cd14 promoter from B6 by a SP2 site in C3Bir. Ablation of the Sp2 site through truncation was associated with a decreased promoter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis also demonstrated that the inactivation of SP2 led to a substantial loss of promoter activity in C3Bir. Performing electrophoretic mobility shift and supershift assays demonstrated interaction of SP2 with its potential binding site. In addition, retroviral—mediated overexpression of the SP2 transcription factor in primary bone marrow macrophages derived from C3Bir mice caused a significant increase in Cd14 transcription. These data characterized SP2 as important factor responsible for higher Cd14 expression and reduced IBD susceptibility mediated by the C3Bir allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils-Holger Zschemisch
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inga Brüsch
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Hambusch
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sahin F, Yıldız P, Kuskucu A, Kuskucu MA, Karaca N, Midilli K. The effect of CD14 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms on asthma phenotypes in adult Turkish asthma patients: a genetic study. BMC Pulm Med 2014; 14:20. [PMID: 24524443 PMCID: PMC3928321 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-14-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endotoxins stimulate T helper 1 cell maturation and send a negative signal to T helper 2 polarisation. This causes a decrease IgE levels and prevents atopy (Hygiene hypothesis). It is shown that this response is under genetic control by polymorphisms in CD14 and TLR4 genes in some researchs. We aimed to investigate the effects of genetic variants of CD14 (-) and TLR4 (Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile) genes on asthma phenotypes in adults with asthma. METHODS Asthma patients (n = 131) and healthy control cases (n = 75) were included in the study. Relations between CD14 C-159 T, TLR4 299 and TLR4 399 genotypes and duration of asthma history of allergic rhinitis-dermatitis, total IgE, eosinophil, skin prick test, forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1) and severity of disease were evaluated. Real time PCR (RT-PCR) was used for genotyping. RESULTS For CD14-159, presence of the C allele (CC + CT) was more frequent among those with low median log (logarithm) IgE levels, but no statistically significant difference in all asthma group (p = 0.09). C allele was significantly correlated with low total IgE levels and T allele with high total IgE levels in atopics (p = 0.04). CC + CT genotype was more frequent in moderate and severe asthma group in atopics (p = 0.049). TLR4 299 and TLR4 399 genotypes and asthma phenotypes were not found to be significantly correlated (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Total IgE levels were found to be low among patients with the CC + CT genotype, and high among patients with the TT genotype contrary to the results of many other studies, which is therefore an important finding. Another important finding was that the C allele is a risk factor for moderate and severe asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Füsun Sahin
- Department of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Zeytinburnu/İstanbul, 34760, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
CD14 gene variants and their importance for childhood croup, atopy, and asthma. DISEASE MARKERS 2013; 35:765-71. [PMID: 24347797 PMCID: PMC3856132 DOI: 10.1155/2013/434920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CD14 gene has an important role in the detection of inflammatory provoking pathogens and in the ensuing signaling of the innate immune response. We assessed the role of CD14 C-159T, G-1359T in the expression of asthma, croup, and allergy in Canadian school children of ages 6 to 14 years. METHODS Children attending schools in a rural community participated in a cross-sectional survey of respiratory health. Following consent, we conducted clinical assessments to collect buccal swabs for genotyping and perform skin prick testing (SPT) to determine atopic status. Genotyping and SPT results were available for 533 and 499 children, respectively. Separate multivariable analyses that included both polymorphisms were conducted for each phenotype. RESULTS The prevalence of asthma, allergy, and croup was 18.6%, 22.4%, and 6.6%, respectively. Children with the T/T variant of CD14 G-1359T were more likely to have physician diagnosed asthma (26.8%). Children with C/C variant of CD14 C-159T had a significantly lower prevalence of croup (2.6%). Haplotype analyses of the two CD14 polymorphisms showed that individuals with the T|T haplotype combination were significantly more likely to have asthma (P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS In this study, CD14 variants are important for the expression of croup and asthma but not atopy.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu CF, Drocourt D, Puzo G, Wang JY, Riviere M. Innate immune response of alveolar macrophage to house dust mite allergen is mediated through TLR2/-4 co-activation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75983. [PMID: 24098413 PMCID: PMC3787959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
House dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), is one of the major allergens responsible for allergic asthma. However, the putative receptors involved in the signalization of Der p to the innate immune cells are still poorly defined as well as the impact of their activation on the outcome of the allergen-induced cell response. We previously reported that the HDM activation of mouse alveolar macrophages (AM) involves the TLR4/CD14 cell surface receptor complex. Here using a TLR ligand screening essay, we demonstrate that HDM protein extract engages the TLR2, in addition to the TLR4, in engineered TLR-transfected HEK cells but also in the MH-S mouse alveolar macrophage cell line model. Moreover we found that the concomitant recruitment of the MH-S cell’s TLR2 and TLR4 receptors by the HDM extract activates the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway and leads to the secretion of the NF-κB regulated pro-inflammatory factors NO and TNF-α. However unlike with the canonical TLR4 ligand (i.e. the bacterial LPS) mobilization of TLR4 by the HDM extract induces a reduced production of the IL-12 pro-inflammatory cytokine and fails to trigger the expression of the T-bet transcription factor. Finally we demonstrated that HDM extract down-regulates LPS induced IL-12 and T-bet expression through a TLR2 dependent mechanism. Therefore, we propose that the simultaneous engagement of the TLR2 and TLR4 receptors by the HDM extract results in a cross regulated original activation pattern of the AM which may contribute to the Th2 polarization of the allergen-induced immune response. The deciphering of these cross-regulation networks is of prime importance to open the way for original therapeutic strategies taking advantage of these receptors and their associated signaling pathways to treat allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Fang Liu
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Institutes of Basic Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Germain Puzo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Institutes of Basic Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Michel Riviere
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hussein YM, Shalaby SM, Zidan HE, Sabbah NA, Karam NA, Alzahrani SS. CD14 tobacco gene-environment interaction in atopic children. Cell Immunol 2013; 285:31-7. [PMID: 24044964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Studying gene-environment interactions may elucidate the complex origins of atopic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CD14 polymorphisms and atopy in Egyptian children and to study whether atopy is influenced by CD14 interaction with tobacco smoke exposure. CD14 -159 C/T and CD14 -550 C/T were genotyped in 500 asthmaic children, 150 allergic rhinitis children and 150 controls. We found that CD14 -159T allele, CD14 -550T allele and CD14 -159T/-550T haplotype were significantly associated with atopic asthma and allergic rhinitis groups. CD14 -159 TT and CD14 -550 TT genotypes associated with elevated IgE levels in children exposed to tobacco smoke. The TT genotype of CD14 -159 C/T and CD14 -550 C/T was associated with higher serum levels of sCD14. The present study indicated that CD14 gene polymorphisms may contribute to susceptibility to atopy in Egyptian children and influenced with tobacco smoke exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousri M Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, El-Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Z, Sundy JS, Foss CM, Barnhart HX, Palmer SM, Allgood SD, Trudeau E, Alexander KM, Levesque MC. Racial differences in the association of CD14 polymorphisms with serum total IgE levels and allergen skin test reactivity. J Asthma Allergy 2013; 6:81-92. [PMID: 23836995 PMCID: PMC3699133 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s42695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The CD14 C-159T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been investigated widely as a candidate genetic locus in patients with allergic disease. There are conflicting results for the association of the CD14 C-159T SNP with total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and atopy. There are limited data regarding the association of the CD14 C-159T SNP in subjects of African ancestry. The aim of the study was to determine whether the C-159T SNP and other CD14 SNPs (C1188G, C1341T) were associated with total serum IgE levels and with allergy skin test results in nonatopic and atopic subjects; as well as in Caucasian and African American subjects. Methods A total of 291 participants, 18–40 years old, were screened to determine whether they were atopic and/or asthmatic. Analyses were performed to determine the association between CD14 C-159T, C1188G, or C1341T genotypes with serum IgE levels and with the number of positive skin tests among Caucasian or African American subjects. Results We found no significant association of serum total IgE level with CD14 C-159T, C1188G, or C1341T genotypes within nonatopic or atopic subjects. Subjects with CD14-159 T alleles had significantly more positive allergen skin tests than subjects without CD14-159 T alleles (P = 0.0388). There was a significant association between the CD14 1188 G allele, but not the CD14 1341 T allele, with the number of positive skin-test results in Caucasians, but not in African Americans. Conclusion These results support a possible association between CD14 polymorphisms and atopy. CD14-159 T or CD14 1188 G alleles were associated with atopic disease. For subjects with CD14 1188 G alleles, the association with atopic disease was stronger in Caucasians compared to African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu LSS, Sjakste T, Sakalauskas R, Sitkauskiene B, Paramonova N, Gasiuniene E, Jan RL, Wang JY. The burden of allergic asthma in children: a landscape comparison based on data from Lithuanian, Latvian, and Taiwanese populations. Pediatr Neonatol 2012; 53:276-82. [PMID: 23084718 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with an increasing prevalence and financial burden worldwide. This disease affects individuals in all countries and all ethnic groups; however, prevalence rates of asthma have been reported to vary significantly between different regions. To understand the origin of asthma and to manage it effectively, it is necessary to analyze the genetic and environmental factors that cause these geographic differences. Therefore, we aimed to review published data from the investigations of asthma patients in Eastern Europe, represented by Latvia and Lithuania, and of patients from Eastern Asia represented by Taiwan. We hope that some of the common factors can be identified and different variants can be compared among these three countries for development of a new strategy to prevent childhood asthma.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao L, Bracken MB. Association of CD14 -260 (-159) C>T and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:93. [PMID: 21745379 PMCID: PMC3148550 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Asthma is a phenotypically diverse disease with genetic susceptibility. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CD14 gene at position -260 (also known as -159) C>T has been inconsistently associated with asthma. The aim of this study was to estimate the combined likelihood of developing asthma given the CD14 -260C>T genotype. Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search and meta-analysis of the literature was conducted to estimate the association between this SNP and asthma. Planned subgroup analyses were performed to detect potential sources of heterogeneity from selected study characteristics. Post-hoc sensitivity analysis was performed to identify studies exerting excessive influence on among-study heterogeneity and combined effects. Results Meta-analysis of 23 studies yielded a non-significant overall association with high heterogeneity across studies. After restricting analysis to studies using atopic asthma and non-atopic non-asthma case-control phenotypes and excluding studies influencing heterogeneity, the genotype-specific odds ratios (ORs) suggested a codominant model. Carriers of the TT and CT genotypes were about 33% less likely (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.84) and about 20% less likely (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.95), respectively, to have atopic asthma compared to carriers of the CC genotype. Among-study heterogeneity may be explained by overly broad asthma phenotype definitions, gene-environment interactions, and gene-gene interactions. Conclusions A protective dose-response relationship between the CD14 -260T allele and atopic asthma susceptibility was observed. These results demonstrate the importance of precisely specified case-control groups as well as the need to assess interactions in the investigation of complex diseases such as asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlu Zhao
- Center for Perinatal, Pediatric and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
The -159C/T polymorphism in the CD14 gene and the risk of asthma: a meta-analysis. Immunogenetics 2010; 63:23-32. [PMID: 21079949 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-010-0489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The -159C/T polymorphism in the CD14 gene has been implicated in susceptibility to asthma, but a large number of studies have reported inconclusive results. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the -159C/T polymorphism in the CD14 gene and the risk of asthma by meta-analysis. We searched Pubmed, Embase, CNKI database, Wanfang database, Weipu database, and Chinese Biomedical database, covering all publications (last search been performed on April 20, 2010). Statistical analysis was performed by using the softwares Revman 4.2 and STATA 10.0. A total of 17 case-control studies in 17 articles (4,246 cases and 3,631 controls) were included in this meta-analysis. There was no association between this polymorphism and asthma risk in combined analyses (odds ratio (OR) = 0.86 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.72-1.02, P = 0.09 for TC + TT vs. CC). In the subgroup analysis by age, ethnicity, and atopic status, no significant associations of asthma risks were obtained from age groups, ethnic groups, and atopic groups for TC + TT vs. CC comparison. For atopic population, significant decreased atopic asthma risks were found among Asian population (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.52-0.92, P = 0.01) and children population (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.54-0.89, P = 0.0004) for TC + TT vs. CC comparison. This meta-analysis suggests that CD14 is a candidate gene for atopic asthma susceptibility. The -159C/T polymorphism may be a protective factor for atopic asthma in Asian and children. More studies are needed to validate these associations.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xiao Y, Huang J, Tian C, He C, Deng Y, Yang Y, Fan H. Asthma susceptible genes in Chinese population: a meta-analysis. Respir Res 2010; 11:129. [PMID: 20868478 PMCID: PMC2955661 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published data regarding the associations between genetic variants and asthma risk in Chinese population were inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate asthma susceptible genes in Chinese population. METHODS The authors conducted 18 meta-analyzes for 18 polymorphisms in 13 genes from eighty-two publications. RESULTS Seven polymorphisms were found being associated with risk of asthma, namely: A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) T1-C/T (odds ratio [OR] = 6.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.69-13.73), Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) D/I (OR = 3.85, 95%CI: 2.49-5.94), High-affinity IgE receptor β chain (FcεRIβ) -6843G/A (OR = 1.49, 95%CI: 1.01-2.22), Interleukin 13(IL-13) -1923C/T (OR = 2.99, 95%CI: 2.12-4.24), IL-13 -2044A/G (OR = 1.49, 95%CI: 1.07-2.08), Regulated upon Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES) -28C/G (OR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.09-2.46), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) -308G/A(OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.85). After subgroup analysis by age, the ACE D/I, β2-Adrenergic Receptor (β2-AR) -79G/C, TNF-α -308G/A, Interleukin 4 receptor(IL-4R) -1902G/A and IL-13 -1923C/T polymorphisms were found significantly associated with asthma risk in Chinese children. In addition, the ACE D/I, FcεRIβ -6843G/A, TNF-α -308G/A, IL-13 -1923C/T and IL-13 -2044A/G polymorphisms were associated with asthma risk in Chinese adults. CONCLUSION ADAM33, FcεRIβ, RANTES, TNF-α, ACE, β2-AR, IL-4R and IL-13 genes could be proposed as asthma susceptible genes in Chinese population. Given the limited number of studies, more data are required to validate these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 452nd Military Hospital of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yuling Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jin Huang
- West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine/Cochrane Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Can Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 452nd Military Hospital of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tsai YG, Chiou YL, Chien JW, Wu HP, Lin CY. Induction of IL-10+ CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells with decreased NF-κB expression during immunotherapy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010; 21:e166-73. [PMID: 19682278 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
MyD88 is a major toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor to activate NF-κB, which acts as a mater switch for allergic inflammation disease. Sterile hust dust extracts have been reported with TLR-dependent immunostimulatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) immunotherapy may increase IL-10+ CD4+ CD25+ T cells with modulating MyD88 signaling proteins, to decrease NF-κB expression. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patients before and after 1 yr of Der p immunotherapy, and also from matched control subjects. After 2 days of Der p-2 stimulation, intracellular IL-10 and Foxp3 expression of CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells were measured by flow-cytometry. The expression of IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-1 in cytoplasm and IFN-regulator factor-3 (IRF-3) with NF-κB/p65 in nuclei was determined by Western-blot analysis. Patients undergoing immunotherapy produced more soluble CD14, IL-10, and TGF-β that correlated with FEV(1) improvement (p < 0.05). In the immunotherapy group, the number of Foxp3+ CD4+ Treg cells increased more than the baseline status (25.06 ± 4.19 vs. 16.08 ± 3.54, p < 0.05). Additionally, increased IL-10 production with decreased IRAK-1 and NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation was observed in sorted-purified Treg cells. IL-10(+) CD4(+) CD25(+) Treg cells may respond to Der p-2 and down-regulate NF-κB/p65 expression to maintain immune tolerance during immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Giien Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu CF, Rivere M, Huang HJ, Puzo G, Wang JY. Surfactant protein D inhibits mite-induced alveolar macrophage and dendritic cell activations through TLR signalling and DC-SIGN expression. Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 40:111-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03367.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
19
|
Abstract
This review considers the data from studies analysing associations between the CD14C-159T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and asthmatic phenotypes and discusses the variability of the conclusions. By searching PubMed and EMBASE for articles on CD14C-159T -related population or family-based association studies, 47 were identified up till September 2007. Collectively, the studies reviewed herein consistently showed population differences in frequencies of the alleles of the SNP, with African descent having the highest C allele frequencies, followed by Caucasians and Asians. The T allele of the SNP was associated with increased sCD14 in some studies but not in others. Inconsistently, the C allele, or even occasionally the T allele, was associated with atopic phenotypes in a population subgroup. There are several explanations for these inconsistencies, including lack of power, linkage disequilibrium, gene-gene interactions, population admixture and gene-environment interactions. If the SNP was associated with functional changes to the coded protein and thus modulating susceptibility to allergic disease, its effect may be modest and dependent on other co-existent, ethnicity-specific, genetic or environmental risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang JY, Liou YH, Wu YJ, Hsiao YH, Wu LSH. An association study of 13 SNPs from seven candidate genes with pediatric asthma and a preliminary study for genetic testing by multiple variants in Taiwanese population. J Clin Immunol 2008; 29:205-9. [PMID: 18931892 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-008-9256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. It is caused by complex interactions between various genetic factors and exposures to environmental allergens and irritants. Because of the heterogeneity of the disease and the genetic and cultural differences among different populations, a proper association study and genetic testing for asthma and susceptibility genes is difficult to perform. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven well-known asthma susceptibility genes and looked for association with pediatric asthma using 449 asthmatic subjects and 512 non-asthma subjects in Taiwanese population. RESULTS CD14-159 C/T and MS4A2 Glu237Gly were identified to have difference in genotype/allele frequencies between the control group and asthma patients. Moreover, the genotype synergistic analysis showed that the co-contribution of two functional SNPs was riskier or more protective from asthma attack. Our study provided a genotype synergistic method for studying gene-gene interaction on polymorphism basis and genetic testing using multiple polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Yao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Functional significance of CD14 promoter polymorphisms and their clinical relevance in a Chinese Han population*. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:2274-80. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e318180b1ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Lødrup Carlsen KC, Granum B. Soluble CD14: role in atopic disease and recurrent infections, including otitis media. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2008; 7:436-43. [PMID: 17986374 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-007-0067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is a part of innate immunity that has been implicated in many diseases, including allergic diseases. However, many influencing factors and confounders, including gender-gene-environment interactions, may complicate interpretations of the observed associations to allergic diseases. In this paper, we review current literature describing the functions of sCD14 and its associations with common (recurrent) infections and with allergic diseases. Because sCD14 is involved with immunologic responses to infections, and exposure to microbial compounds is debated as a protective or a trigger factor for allergy development, these factors-which include genotypes, gender, age, microbial agents (from the environment and infection), and tobacco smoke-cannot be assessed independently. We conclude that confounding effects are important and must be considered to understand the role of sCD14 in allergic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin C Lødrup Carlsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Woman and Child, Ullevål University Hospital, NO-0407 Oslo, Norway.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Association between CD14 polymorphisms and serum soluble CD14 levels: effect of atopy and endotoxin inhalation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 121:434-440.e1. [PMID: 17949800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prerequisite for activation of the innate immune response by endotoxin is its binding to CD14. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CD14 polymorphisms, atopy, and inhaled endotoxin in modulating serum CD14 levels. METHODS Healthy volunteers (n = 88) were genotyped for CD14 polymorphisms at the -1619, -1359, and -159 loci, relative to the transcription start site. Subjects inhaled 20 mug of endotoxin, and white blood cell, C-reactive protein, LPS-binding protein, and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels were measured before and after exposure. RESULTS Homozygotes for the -1619G, -1359G, and -159T alleles had higher baseline levels of sCD14 than carriers of the CD14/-1619AA (P = .015), -1359GT/TT (P = .015), or -159CC (P = 0.017) genotypes. sCD14 levels increased within 24 hours of endotoxin inhalation (P < .0001 for all biomarkers); however, the association between CD14 polymorphisms and sCD14 levels was no longer present after exposure. The atopic status of an individual did not alter these associations. CD14 polymorphisms were not associated with levels of white blood cells, C-reactive protein, and LPS-binding protein before or after endotoxin challenge. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CD14 promoter polymorphisms and inhaled endotoxin modulate sCD14 levels.
Collapse
|
25
|
Lundell AC, Andersson K, Josefsson E, Steinkasserer A, Rudin A. Soluble CD14 and CD83 from human neonatal antigen-presenting cells are inducible by commensal bacteria and suppress allergen-induced human neonatal Th2 differentiation. Infect Immun 2007; 75:4097-104. [PMID: 17526743 PMCID: PMC1952007 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01744-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2006] [Revised: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
CD14 is expressed on the cell surface of various antigen-presenting cells, and CD83 is a maturation marker for dendritic cells (DC). CD14 and CD83 are also present as soluble proteins, and both have immunoregulatory functions. We examined whether neonatal cord blood monocytes or DC released soluble CD14 (sCD14) or sCD83 when exposed to the commensal intestinal bacteria Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis. We found that the gram-positive bacteria C. perfringens and S. aureus, but not gram-negative bacteria, induced the release of sCD14 from monocytes. DC, on the other hand, released sCD14 in response to both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the expression of the virulence factor staphylococcal protein A seemed to be important for S. aureus-induced sCD14 production from both monocytes and DC. Soluble CD83 was released from DC, but not from monocytes, when exposed to both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Finally, to investigate whether sCD14 or sCD83 could modulate neonatal allergen-induced T-cell differentiation, DC were exposed to birch allergen alone or in the presence of sCD14 or sCD83 and then cocultured with autologous T cells. We demonstrate that sCD14 and sCD83 inhibited the birch allergen-induced Th2 differentiation by suppressing interleukin 13 production. Together, these results suggest that the commensal intestinal flora may be an important stimulus for the developing immune system by inducing the immunoregulatory proteins sCD14 and sCD83, which may be involved in preventing T-cell sensitization to allergens in infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Carin Lundell
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Göteborg University, Guldhedsgatan 10, 413 46 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lancaster AK, Single RM, Solberg OD, Nelson MP, Thomson G. PyPop update--a software pipeline for large-scale multilocus population genomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 69 Suppl 1:192-7. [PMID: 17445199 PMCID: PMC4369784 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Population genetic statistics from multilocus genotype data inform our understanding of the patterns of genetic variation and their implications for evolutionary studies, generally, and human disease studies in particular. In any given population one can estimate haplotype frequencies, identify deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, test for balancing or directional selection, and investigate patterns of linkage disequilibrium. Existing software packages are oriented primarily toward the computation of such statistics on a population-by-population basis, not on comparisons among populations and across different statistics. We developed PyPop (Python for Population Genomics) to facilitate the analyses of population genetic statistics across populations and the relationships among different statistics within and across populations. PyPop is an open-source framework for performing large-scale population genetic analyses on multilocus genotype data. It computes the statistics described above, among others. PyPop deploys a standard Extensible Markup Language (XML) output format and can integrate the results of multiple analyses on various populations that were performed at different times into a common output format that can be read into a spreadsheet. The XML output format allows PyPop to be embedded as part of a larger analysis pipeline. Originally developed to analyze the highly polymorphic genetic data of the human leukocyte antigen region of the human genome, PyPop has applicability to any kind of multilocus genetic data. It is the primary analysis platform for analyzing data collected for the Anthropological component of the 13th and 14th International Histocompatibility Workshops. PyPop has also been successfully used in studies by our group, with collaborators, and in publications by several independent research teams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Lancaster
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lundell AC, Adlerberth I, Lindberg E, Karlsson H, Ekberg S, Aberg N, Saalman R, Hock B, Steinkasserer A, Hesselmar B, Wold AE, Rudin A. Increased levels of circulating soluble CD14 but not CD83 in infants are associated with early intestinal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Exp Allergy 2007; 37:62-71. [PMID: 17210043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble forms of the monocyte marker CD14 and the mature dendritic cell marker CD83 are plasma proteins with immunoregulatory functions. The physiological stimulus for their production is unclear and their possible role in allergy development is unknown. METHODS We measured the plasma levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and soluble CD83 (sCD83) in 64 Swedish children in relation to intestinal bacterial colonization pattern in a prospective birth cohort. Soluble CD14 and sCD83 levels were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in plasma obtained at birth and at 4, 18 and 36 months of age. All major aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were quantified in faecal samples obtained regularly over the first 8 weeks of life. Clinical allergy and IgE levels were evaluated at 18 months of age. RESULTS Soluble CD14 in plasma increased during the first 18 months of life while sCD83 peaked at 4 months of age. Children who were perinatally colonized with Staphylococcus aureus had significantly higher levels of sCD14 in plasma at 4 months of age relative to non-colonized children. The levels of sCD14 were unrelated to colonization with Escherichia coli, other enterobacteria, enterococci, clostridia, Bacteroides, bifidobacteria or lactobacilli. Further, children with food allergy by 18 months tended to have lower levels of sCD14 than healthy children. Plasma levels of sCD83 were not related to either bacterial colonization pattern or allergy development. CONCLUSIONS Perinatal colonization with S. aureus may trigger the occurrence of sCD14 in plasma, which may influence development of the infantile immune system and risk of allergy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-C Lundell
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahigrenska Adademy, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bučková D, Hollá LI, Znojil V, Vašků A. Polymorphisms of the CD14 gene and atopic phenotypes in Czech patients with IgE-mediated allergy. J Hum Genet 2006; 51:977-983. [PMID: 17003960 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-006-0050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 08/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
IgE-mediated allergy is a common chronic disorder resulting from interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The gene encoding CD14 is a positional candidate gene for allergic diseases as it is localised on chromosome 5q31.1, a region linked to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. We investigated the relationship among atopic phenotypes and six polymorphisms in the CD14 gene. Polymerase chain reaction with RFLP analyses was used to determine the CD14 genotypes in subjects with IgE-mediated allergic diseases (n=282) and random controls (n=187). No significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies for individual polymorphisms between patients and controls were found. However, when atopic patients were subdivided into subjects with positive and with negative skin prick tests for separate antigens, T allele of the 1341G/T polymorphism was significantly associated with positive reactivity to mites (P=0.007) and moulds (P=0.041). Similarly, the C allele frequency of the -159C/T variant was increased in patients with positive skin prick tests for mites (P=0.046) and moulds (P=0.056). In haplotype analysis, the common -1619A/-1359G/-550C/-159C/+1188G/+1341T haplotype was associated with positive reaction to these antigens (P values: 0.0008-0.0035). Our study supports the idea that CD14 plays a role in IgE-mediated allergic diseases, and its gene polymorphisms can be important for manifestation of these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Bučková
- Institute of Pathological Physiology LF MU Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Komenskeho nam. 2, Brno, 662 43, Czech Republic.
| | - Lydie Izakovičová Hollá
- Institute of Pathological Physiology LF MU Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Komenskeho nam. 2, Brno, 662 43, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Znojil
- Institute of Pathological Physiology LF MU Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Komenskeho nam. 2, Brno, 662 43, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Vašků
- Institute of Pathological Physiology LF MU Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Komenskeho nam. 2, Brno, 662 43, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|