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Zhang JH, Zhang M, Wang YN, Zhang XY. Correlation between IL-4 and IL-13 gene polymorphisms and asthma in Uygur children in Xinjiang. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1374-1382. [PMID: 30680016 PMCID: PMC6327510 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Correlation between interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) gene polymorphisms and bronchial asthma in Uygur children in Xinjiang, China, and the effects on serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) were investigated. Thirty-seven child patients with asthma and 29 healthy children were screened. The gene polymorphisms of Arg130Gln in IL-13 and -590C/T in IL-4 gene promoter region were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct gene sequencing; the asthma-related indexes were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the relevant indexes were analyzed; moreover, whether there was a synergistic effect between Arg130Gln in IL-13 and -590C/T in IL-4 gene promoter region in the pathogenesis of asthma in children was analyzed. The T/T homozygote genotype frequency and T allele frequency of C-590T gene in IL-4 in the asthma group were significantly higher than those in the control group (45.9 vs. 10.3%, OR=8.91; 63.5 vs. 36.2%, OR=3.07, P<0.05). The A/A genotype frequency and A allele frequency of Arg130Gln locus in IL-13 in the asthma group were obviously higher than those in the control group (54.1 vs. 17.2%, OR=6.29; 67.6 vs. 39.7%, OR=3.17, P<0.05). In the two gene loci, the level of serum IgE in the same genotype in the asthma group was higher than that in the control group (Z=-2.128, -2.050, -2.700 vs. -3.766, -3.799, -3.397; P<0.05). The risk of asthma in carriers of both IL-4 -590C/T TT and Arg130Gln locus AA genotypes was significantly increased compared with that in carriers of either IL-4 -590C/T TT genotype or Arg130Gln locus AA genotype (OR=6.00, P=0.046; OR=4.50, P=0.033; OR=22, P=0.005). The IL-4 -590C/T and Arg130Gln locus gene polymorphisms are associated with the asthma susceptibility and increased serum total IgE in Uygur children in Xinjiang. There is a synergistic effect between the T allele of IL-4 -590C/T locus and the A allele of IL-13 Arg130Gln locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hong Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Affiliated Yangpu Hospital of Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region 830011, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Sohn M. Overview and challenges of current genetic research on allergic diseases in Korean children. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2018. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2018.6.s1.s77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myunghyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Athari SS, Athari SM, Beyzay F, Movassaghi M, Mortaz E, Taghavi M. Critical role of Toll-like receptors in pathophysiology of allergic asthma. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 808:21-27. [PMID: 27894811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is an airway disease, characterized by reversible bronchoconstriction, chronic inflammation of the airway, and thickness of smooth muscle in the respiratory tract. Asthma is orchestrated by an excessive Th2-adaptive immune response, in which innate immunity plays a key role. Recently TLRs have received more and more attention as they are central to orchestrate the innate immune responses. TLRs are localized as integral membrane or intracellular glycoproteins with those on the cell surface sensing microbial antigens and the ones, localized in intracellular vesicles, sensing microbial nucleic acid species. Having recognized microbial antigens, TLRs conduct the immune response towards a pro- or anti-allergy response. As a double-edged sword, they could initiate either harmful or helpful responses by the immune system in case of allergic asthma. In the current review, we will describe the role of TLRs and their signaling pathways in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Health policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fateme Beyzay
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Movassaghi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Esmaeil Mortaz
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Taghavi
- Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Sinha S, Singh J, Jindal SK, Birbian N. Association of IL13R alpha 1 +1398A/G polymorphism in a North Indian population with asthma: A case-control study. ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2015; 6:111-7. [PMID: 26302731 PMCID: PMC4541631 DOI: 10.2500/ar.2015.6.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Interleukin 13 (IL13) is directly involved in the secretion of total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), which plays a major role in the asthma pathogenesis. Objective: One of the polymorphic receptor of IL13 is IL13Rα1, which after binding to IL13, initiates signal transduction that results in mucin secretion, airway hyperreactivity, fibrosis, and chitinase up-regulation, which increases asthma risk. Methods: In the present study, the role of IL13Rα1 +1398A/G gene polymorphisms in asthma was detected with a total of 964 individuals, including 483 healthy controls and 481 asthma patients from a North Indian population using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that the mutant allele (G) is predominant in asthma patients (42.7%) than the controls (38.2%), which shows an increased risk toward asthma with odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval (1.00–1.45), χ2 = 4.10 and p = 0.043. Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics also reveal a significant association with the disease (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This is the first study conducted in India and +1398A/G polymorphism in noncoding region of IL13Rα1 confer risk toward asthma in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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5
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IL-4 and IL-13 signaling in allergic airway disease. Cytokine 2015; 75:68-78. [PMID: 26070934 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant production of the prototypical type 2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 has long been associated with the pathogenesis of allergic disorders. Despite tremendous scientific inquiry, the similarities in their structure, and receptor usage have made it difficult to ascertain the distinct role that these two look-alike cytokines play in the onset and perpetuation of allergic inflammation. However, recent discoveries of differences in receptor distribution, utilization/assembly and affinity between IL-4 and IL-13, along with the discovery of unique innate lymphoid 2 cells (ILC2) which preferentially produce IL-13, not IL-4, are beginning to shed light on these mysteries. The purpose of this chapter is to review our current understanding of the distinct roles that IL-4 and IL-13 play in allergic inflammatory states and the utility of their modulation as potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of allergic disorders.
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Ramphul K, Hua L, Bao YX, Li JY, Liu QH, Ji RX, Fang DZ. Identification of IL13 C1923T as a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism for Asthma in Children from Mauritius. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY IMMUNOLOGY AND PULMONOLOGY 2015; 28:92-95. [PMID: 26155367 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2014.0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Research increasingly suggests that asthma is a familial and hereditary disorder and that genetic and environmental factors play a key role in its pathogenesis. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between 10 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci in the development of asthma in children from the Mauritian population. Methods: The study population consisted of 193 children with asthma and 189 healthy controls from the Mauritian population. Asthma was diagnosed in accordance with the American Thoracic Society criteria. TaqMan real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the genotypes of the SNP loci. Results: No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found between the experimental and control group in genotype distribution among nine of the loci (MS4A2 E237G, MS4A2 C-109T, ADRB2 R16G, IL4RA Q551R, IL4RA I75V, IL4 C-590T, IL13 A2044G, IL13 C-1112T, and CHI3L1 C-131G). However, the frequency of IL13 C1923T TT in the asthma group was significantly higher than in the control group (odds ratio=2.119, p=0.033) suggesting that carriers of IL13 C1923T TT in the Mauritian population may have a more significant risk of developing asthma. Conclusion: The nine loci have little contribution to the development of childhood asthma in the Mauritian population. IL13 C1923T TT has been detected to be the susceptible genotype and may have a significant effect on the pathogenesis of childhood asthma in the Mauritian population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Xiao Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - Ruo Xu Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Zhu Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital , Shanghai, China
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Jung YH, Seo JH, Kim HY, Kwon JW, Kim BJ, Kim HB, Lee SY, Jang GC, Song DJ, Kim WK, Shim JY, Hong SJ. The relationship between asthma and bronchiolitis is modified by TLR4, CD14, and IL-13 polymorphisms. Pediatr Pulmonol 2015; 50:8-16. [PMID: 24376096 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex genetic disorder that is associated with both genetic and environmental factors. The aim of study was to investigate the combined effect of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and interleukin-13 (IL-13) polymorphisms and bronchiolitis in the development of childhood asthma. METHODS A modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire was used to survey 1,341 elementary school children and 919 nursery children in Seoul, Korea. TLR4 (rs1927911), CD14 (rs2569190), and IL-13 (rs20541) polymorphisms were genotyped by the TaqMan assay. RESULTS In elementary school and nursery children, parental history of asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.56 [95% CI 1.16-5.63], aOR 3.60 [95% CI 1.66-7.76], respectively), and past history of bronchiolitis (aOR 3.11 [95% CI 1.84-5.24], aOR 3.94 [95% CI 2.27-6.84], respectively) were independent risk factors for asthma diagnosis. When compared to children with each CC of TLR4 polymorphism or TT of CD14 polymorphism or GG of IL13 polymorphism and no past history of bronchiolitis, children with CT or TT of TLR4 polymorphism and past history of bronchiolitis had 4.23 and 5.34 times higher risk to develop asthma, respectively; children with TT of CD14 polymorphism and past history of bronchiolitis had 3.57 and 7.22 times higher risk for asthma, respectively; children with GA or AA of IL-13 polymorphism and past history of bronchiolitis had 3.21 and 4.13 times higher risk for asthma, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Family history of asthma or allergic rhinitis and past history of bronchiolitis could be independent risk factors for the development of childhood asthma. The relationship between asthma and bronchiolitis is modified by the TLR4, CD14, and IL-13 polymorphisms in Korean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea; Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yoshikawa T, Kanazawa H, Fujimoto S, Hirata K. Epistatic effects of multiple receptor genes on pathophysiology of asthma - its limits and potential for clinical application. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:64-71. [PMID: 24435185 PMCID: PMC3907491 DOI: 10.12659/msm.889754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) permit a comprehensive scan of the genome in an unbiased manner, with high sensitivity, and thereby have the potential to identify candidate genes for the prevalence or development of multifactorial diseases such as bronchial asthma. However, most studies have only managed to explain a small additional percentage of hereditability estimates, and often fail to show consistent results among studies despite large sample sizes. Epistasis is defined as the interaction between multiple different genes affecting phenotypes. By applying epistatic analysis to clinical genetic research, we can analyze interactions among more than 2 molecules (genes) considering the whole system of the human body, illuminating dynamic molecular mechanisms. An increasing number of genetic studies have investigated epistatic effects on the risk for development of asthma. The present review highlights a concept of epistasis to overcome traditional genetic studies in humans and provides an update of evidence on epistatic effects on asthma. Furthermore, we review concerns regarding recent trends in epistatic analyses from the perspective of clinical physicians. These concerns include biological plausibility of genes identified by computational statistics, and definition of the diagnostic label of 'physician-diagnosed asthma'. In terms of these issues, further application of epistatic analysis will prompt identification of susceptibility of diseases and lead to the development of a new generation of pharmacological strategies to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kanazawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeo Fujimoto
- Department of Sports Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hirata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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9
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Association of IL-4-590 C>T and IL-13-1112 C>T gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus. DISEASE MARKERS 2013; 35:243-7. [PMID: 24167373 PMCID: PMC3782814 DOI: 10.1155/2013/107470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. The goal of the study is to investigate the association of IL-4-590 and IL-13-1112 genetic polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Egyptian patients. Subjects and Methods. The study included 135 cases with T2DM and 75 healthy unrelated age-matched controls from the same locality of Egypt. DNA was extracted and processed by the ARMS-PCR technique for characterization of genetic variants of IL-4-590 C>T and IL-13-1112 C>T polymorphisms. Results. Egyptian cases with T2DM showed a lower frequency of the IL-4-590 CC homozygous genotype compared to controls (10.4% versus 43.48%) with a higher CT heterozygous genotype (85.2% versus 47.8%). Similarly, cases showed a lower frequency of the IL-13-1112 CC genotype (20.7% versus 56.8%) with a higher frequency of the heterozygous IL-13-1112 CT genotype (76.3% versus 41.3%). Both polymorphisms showed significantly positive associations with T2DM in the dominant, codominant, and overdominant models of inheritance. On the other hand, comparing genotypes of subgroups related to gender, positive family history, and positive consanguinity showed a nonsignificant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Heterozygous genotypes (IL-4-590 CT and IL-13-1112 CT) could be considered as risk factors, while the homozygous wild types (-590 CC and -1112 CC) might be considered protective to T2DM.
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Single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter of the human interleukin-13 gene is associated with asthma in Malaysian adults. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:981012. [PMID: 23865080 PMCID: PMC3707285 DOI: 10.1155/2013/981012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Asthma susceptibility genes are mapped to a region on human chromosome 5q31-q33, which contains a cluster of proinflammatory cytokine genes such as interleukin-13 (IL-13), which is associated with asthma. This study investigated the allele frequencies of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (−1111C>T and 4257C>A) in the IL-13 gene between asthmatics and healthy volunteers as well as the relationship between these SNPs and IL-13 production. DNA extracted from buffy coat of asthmatic and control subjects was genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. Amount of IL-13 produced by mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood leucocytes PBLs (PBLs) was determined by ELISA. The frequencies of the −1111C and 4257G wild-type alleles were 0.52 and 0.55 in asthmatics and were 0.67 and 0.56 in controls. A significant (P < 0.05) association was found between genotype and allele frequencies of SNP at position −1111C>T between asthmatic and control groups (OR, 1.810; 95% CI = 1.184 to 2.767; P < 0.05). The mitogen-stimulated PBLs from asthmatics produced higher amounts of IL-13 production (P < 0.001). The 4257GA heterozygous and 4257AA homozygous mutant alleles were associated with higher IL-13 production in asthmatics (P < 0.05). Our results show that the −1111T mutant allele are associated with asthma and the 4257A mutant alleles are associated with elevated IL-13 production.
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11
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Tsai CH, Tung KY, Su MW, Chiang BL, Chew FT, Kuo NW, Lee YL. Interleukin-13 genetic variants, household carpet use and childhood asthma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e51970. [PMID: 23382814 PMCID: PMC3559736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13 genetic polymorphisms have shown adverse effects on respiratory health. However, few studies have explored the interactive effects between IL-13 haplotypes and environmental exposures on childhood asthma. The aims of our study are to evaluate the effects of IL-13 genetic variants on asthma phenotypes, and explore the potential interaction between IL-13 and household environmental exposures among Taiwanese children. We investigated 3,577 children in the Taiwan Children Health Study from 14 Taiwanese communities. Data regarding children's exposure and disease status were obtained from parents using a structured questionnaire. Four SNPs were tagged accounting for 100% of the variations in IL-13. Multiple logistic regression models with false-discovery rate (FDR) adjustments were fitted to estimate the effects of IL-13 variants on asthma phenotypes. SNP rs1800925, SNP rs20541 and SNP rs848 were significantly associated with increased risks on childhood wheeze with FDR of 0.03, 0.04 and 0.04, respectively. Children carrying two copies of h1011 haplotype showed increased susceptibility to wheeze. Compared to those without carpet use and h1011 haplotype, children carrying h1011 haplotype and using carpet at home had significantly synergistic risks of wheeze (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.4–4.4; p for interaction, 0.01) and late-onset asthma (OR, 4.7; 95% CI, 2.0–10.9; p for interaction, 0.02). In conclusions, IL-13 genetic variants showed significant adverse effects on asthma phenotypes among children. The results also suggested that asthma pathogenesis might be mediated by household carpet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Tsai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yen Tung
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Genes, Environment and Human Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Su
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nai-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yungling Leo Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Genes, Environment and Human Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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12
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Potaczek DP, Kabesch M. Current concepts of IgE regulation and impact of genetic determinants. Clin Exp Allergy 2013; 42:852-71. [PMID: 22909159 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated immune responses seem to be directed against parasites and neoplasms, but are best known for their involvement in allergies. The IgE network is tightly controlled at different levels as outlined in this review. Genetic determinants were suspected to influence IgE regulation and IgE levels considerably for many years. Linkage and candidate gene studies suggested a number of loci and genes to correlate with total serum IgE levels, and recently genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provided the power to identify genetic determinants for total serum IgE levels: 1q23 (FCER1A), 5q31 (RAD50, IL13, IL4), 12q13 (STAT6), 6p21.3 (HLA-DRB1) and 16p12 (IL4R, IL21R). In this review, we analyse the potential role of these GWAS hits in the IgE network and suggest mechanisms of how genes and genetic variants in these loci may influence IgE regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Potaczek
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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13
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Kim WK, Kwon JW, Seo JH, Kim HY, Yu J, Kim BJ, Kim HB, Lee SY, Kim KW, Kang MJ, Shin YJ, Hong SJ. Interaction between IL13 genotype and environmental factors in the risk for allergic rhinitis in Korean children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130:421-6.e5. [PMID: 22846750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is increasing worldwide. Allergic diseases develop in susceptible subjects when they are exposed to specific environmental factors. OBJECTIVE We analyzed changes in the prevalence of AR and identified genetic and environmental factors in early childhood that affect risk. METHODS We used the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire to collect data on AR, allergies, and environmental exposures from 4554 elementary school students from 5 areas of Seoul, Korea, in 2008. We also obtained DNA from 1050 subjects from 1 area of Seoul for genotype analysis of IL13. RESULTS We identified genetic and environmental factors during infancy and early childhood that increased the risk for current AR (resulting in a diagnosis of AR and AR symptoms in the past 12 months) in elementary school-aged children. These included allergic disease in parents and antibiotic use in infants, allergic disease in parents and exposure of infants to mold, and allergic disease in parents and moving an infant to a newly built house. The risk of current AR also increased in subjects with GA or AA at nucleotide 2044 in IL13 who had been exposed to mold in the home during infancy (adjusted odds ratio, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.75-6.11) compared with subjects who had GG at this position and had not been exposed to mold (adjusted odds ratio, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.75-6.11). CONCLUSION The prevalence of AR is increasing in Korean children. Children with a family history of allergic disease and exposure to specific environmental risk factors during infancy are more likely to have AR. Children with GA or AA at IL13(+2044) are at increased risk for AR when exposed to mold in the home during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Kyung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Diao B, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Lu WJ, Xu G. Functional network analysis with the subcellular location and gene ontology information in human allergic asthma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012; 16:1287-92. [PMID: 23057572 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2011.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, tissue remodeling, and airflow obstruction. The pathogenesis of asthma is only partly understood, and there is an urgent need for improved therapeutic strategies for this disease. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network has considerable promise as a tool for discovery of novel asthma therapeutic targets and their relationship. Among the genes that have been identified by PPI studies, APP, CDKN1B, and SP3 displayed up-regulated expression. Further study depicted that CDKN1B localized in the nucleus or cytoplasm could interact with GRB2 and CASP8, but SP3 localized in the nucleus could interact with histone deacetylase 1, SP1, and E2F1. We anticipate that these types of analyses will provide considerable insight into asthma pathogenesis and will provide a wealth of new molecules for downstream analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Diao
- Wuhan General Hospital Guangzhou Military Region, Wuhan, China
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15
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Choi WA, Kang MJ, Kim YJ, Seo JH, Kim HY, Kwon JW, Yu J, Park SJ, Lee YC, Hong SJ. Gene-gene interactions between candidate gene polymorphisms are associated with total IgE levels in Korean children with asthma. J Asthma 2012; 49:243-52. [PMID: 22376040 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2012.660294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from eight candidate genes (IL-4 rs2243250, IL-4Rα rs1805010, IL-13 rs20541, IL-13Rα1 rs2495636, CD14 rs2569190, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) rs1800629, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA4) rs231775, FCER1B rs1441585) in children with asthma and to evaluate gene-gene interactions. METHODS A total of 669 Korean children with asthma (n = 544 atopic n = 125 non-atopic) were included. Asthma phenotypes, total serum IgE levels, and methacholine challenge test results were evaluated. SNPs were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method. Multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze gene-gene interactions. RESULTS The combination of the IL-13, IL-13Rα1, and CTLA4 polymorphisms was selected through MDR analysis of the data pertaining to children with atopic and non-atopic asthma (accuracy = 0.5459, cross validation consistency (CVC) = 10/10). The IL-4Rα, IL-13, IL-13Rα1, CD14, and CTLA4 polymorphisms were selected as the best model of increased total serum IgE levels in non-atopic and atopic asthma (asthma: accuracy = 0.4726, CVC = 10/10; atopic asthma: accuracy = 0.4573, CVC = 10/10). Both the IL-4Rα and the IL-13 polymorphisms were correlated with the IgE level. ANOVA analysis revealed that the combinations of the CTLA4 and IL-13, IL-13 and IL-13Rα1, IL-4Rα and IL-13, and CD14 and IL-13 polymorphisms were all significantly associated with increased total serum IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS The best model of increased IgE level included the IL-4Rα, IL-13, IL-13Rα1, CD14, and CTLA4 polymorphisms. Of the various interactions between these polymorphisms, the combinations of the CTLA4 and IL-13 polymorphisms and the IL-13 and IL-13Rα1 polymorphisms showed synergistic effects in terms of increased total serum IgE levels in the present cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Ah Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Perinatal gene-gene and gene-environment interactions on IgE production and asthma development. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:270869. [PMID: 22481967 PMCID: PMC3299317 DOI: 10.1155/2012/270869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Atopic asthma is a complex disease associated with IgE-mediated immune reactions. Numerous genome-wide studies identified more than 100 genes in 22 chromosomes associated with atopic asthma, and different genetic backgrounds in different environments could modulate susceptibility to atopic asthma. Current knowledge emphasizes the effect of tobacco smoke on the development of childhood asthma. This suggests that asthma, although heritable, is significantly affected by gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Evidence has recently shown that molecular mechanism of a complex disease may be limited to not only DNA sequence differences, but also gene-environmental interactions for epigenetic difference. This paper reviews and summarizes how gene-gene and gene-environment interactions affect IgE production and the development of atopic asthma in prenatal and childhood stages. Based on the mechanisms responsible for perinatal gene-environment interactions on IgE production and development of asthma, we formulate several potential strategies to prevent the development of asthma in the perinatal stage.
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Chu Y, Hua L, Liu Q, Bao Y. A common variant associated with asthma, interleukin 13 R130Q, promotes the production of IgE. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:308-13. [PMID: 22325047 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-13 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. A polymorphic variant of human IL-13 R130Q, results in substitution of an arginine with a glutamine was shown to be associated with asthma in Chinese Han nationality. We examined the functional consequences of this variant in vitro to investigate whether this variant enhanced functional activity compared with wild type IL-13. The wild-type and mutant IL-13 genes were amplified from the plasmid of pET22b-hIL-13 by PCR and site-directed mutagenesis PCR. Both the PCR product and the vector pET28a(+) were digested by the NdeI and BamHI. Then the PCR product was cloned in the prokaryotic expression vector of pET28a(+). The plasmids were constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). The positive clones were selected, and tested by sequencing. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy participants were isolated and cultured with increasing concentrations of recombinant WT IL-13 and IL-13 R130Q. IgE was detected with ELISA kit in the supernatants. Recombinant WT IL-13 and IL-13 R130Q were successfully expressed into the prokaryotic expression system and their biological activity was consistent with standard protein. Our results show that IL-13 R130Q is more active than WT IL-13 in inducing hydrocortisone-dependent IgE synthesis. There were statistical significances between them. IgE induction by physiologic concentrations was obviously increased. IL-13 R130Q has increased activity compared with wild type IL-13 in vitro. And IL-13 R130Q may be used for new target of asthma for diagnosis and therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang H, Dong H, Dai Y, Zheng Y. Association of interleukin-13 C-1112T and G+2044A polymorphisms with asthma: a meta-analysis. Respirology 2012; 16:1127-35. [PMID: 21762457 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.02021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Polymorphisms in the IL13 gene have been reported to be associated with susceptibility to asthma. However, a number of studies have shown inconsistent results. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether polymorphisms in the IL13 gene were associated with the risk of asthma. METHODS Searches were performed of the Medline and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, covering all papers published up to 31 August 2010. A recently proposed logistic regression-based method for meta-analysis of case-control genetic association studies was used to analyse pooled data. All statistical analyses were performed using stata version 10.0 software. RESULTS The IL13 C-1112T and G+2044A polymorphisms were investigated in 10 and 14 studies, respectively. The summary estimates suggested that both these polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to asthma. Carriers of the IL13 -1112T allele had a 38.9% increased risk of asthma compared with homozygotes (-1112CC) (odds ratio (OR) 1.389, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.103-1.749). Carriers of the IL13+2044A allele had a 40.0% increased risk of asthma compared with homozygotes (+2044GG) (OR 1.400, 95% CI: 1.137-1.724). In a subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the IL13 -1112T allele was associated with an increased risk of asthma among Caucasians (OR 1.629, 95% CI: 1.255-2.113) but not among Asians, and the IL13+2044A allele was associated with an increased risk of asthma among Asians (OR 1.436, 95% CI: 1.101-1.873) but not among Caucasians. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicated that the IL13 C-1112T and G+2044A polymorphisms predispose to asthma. Further studies, including pooling of individual data to facilitate evaluation of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions between these IL13 gene polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility, are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Yang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Rihs HP, Lotz A, Ruëff F, Landt O, Brüning T, Raulf-Heimsoth M. Impact of interleukin-13 and -18 promoter polymorphisms in health care workers with natural rubber latex allergy. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2012; 75:515-524. [PMID: 22686311 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.675302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It is a matter of debate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of interleukin (IL)-13, an IgE regulator, and IL-18, an inducer of immune responses, modulating the respective protein expression, are accompanied by an increased risk of atopy, allergic asthma, and total IgE levels. The suspected associations were noted in health care workers (HCW) with and without latex allergy. IL-13 (-1055C>T) and three IL-18 (-656T>G, -607C>A, -137G>C) SNP were studied in 523 HCW with natural rubber latex (NRL) exposure and diagnosis in the late 1990s. Three hundred and thirty-four HCW displayed NRL sensitization and allergic symptoms, 93 with latex-allergic asthma, and 189 HCW with neither symptoms nor NRL sensitization. SNP analyses were performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using newly developed LightCycler assays. Analysis of IL-13 -1055C>T by analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significantly elevated total IgE levels in HCW carrying the CT or TT variant compared with the CC variant. None of the studied SNP showed an association with NRL-specific IgE. The IL-18 variants -656GG and -607CC displayed 99.5% linkage disequilibrium. Frequencies of alleles -656GG and -607CC were elevated in HCW with NRL asthma (48.4%) compared with HCW without symptoms (37.6%). In contrast, IL-18 -137G>C variants displayed an overall homogenous distribution. The association between the IL-13 -1055T allele and elevated total IgE levels confirms the role of a genetic background for total IgE regulation. The studied IL-18 SNP demonstrated no significant association with the clinical outcome, total IgE, or specific IgE in HCW with natural rubber latex allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Rihs
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance - Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany.
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IL-13 polymorphisms contribute to the risk of asthma: a meta-analysis. Clin Biochem 2011; 45:285-8. [PMID: 22222605 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of interleukin-13 (IL-13) polymorphisms on the risk of asthma using a meta-analysis. DESIGN AND METHODS Fifteen publications were identified by searching Pubmed, Embase, ISI, OVID, and EBSCO databases. Odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed to estimate the association between IL-13 polymorphisms and risk of asthma. RESULTS The polymorphisms of R130Q (rs20541) and -1112C/T (rs1800925) in IL-13 gene were associated with significantly increased risks of asthma in overall analyses. Subgroup analyses showed that the elevated risks occurred in adult-onset asthma, Caucasians, and high quality studies. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides evidence that the R130Q and -1112C/T polymorphisms in IL-13 are risk factors for asthma.
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Namkung JH, Lee JE, Kim E, Kim HJ, Seo EY, Jang HY, Shin ES, Cho EY, Yang JM. Association of polymorphisms in genes encoding IL-4, IL-13 and their receptors with atopic dermatitis in a Korean population. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:915-9. [PMID: 21913997 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Th2-dominated immune responses are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). IL-4 and IL-13 are typical pleiotropic Th2 cytokines that play a central role in IgE-dependent inflammatory reactions. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-4 and IL-13 have been reported in patients with allergic disease from numerous countries. Gene-gene interactions among genes have been identified in patients with asthma, although negative results have been reported. To investigate the associations of SNPs in these genes and the interactions between these genes in AD, we genotyped 23 SNPs of the IL-4, IL-13, IL-4R, IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2 genes for 1089 case-control samples (631 AD patients and 458 controls) and analysed the SNPs and haplotypes in these genes. We also searched for gene-gene interactions among these five genes. Our data identified an association between rs3091307 and rs20541 in the IL-13 gene and between rs2265753 and rs2254672 in the IL-13Rα1 gene and the AD phenotype. In particular, three of the four SNPs were especially predictive of the allergic type of AD (ADe), and the haplotype TCGG in the IL-13Rα1 gene showed significant association with AD, especially ADe. Furthermore, the combination of rs3091307 GG/ rs2265753 GG (IL-13/IL-13Rα1) conveyed a significantly higher risk for developing ADe. However, we did not identify any SNPs in the IL-4, IL-4R and IL-13Rα2 genes that were associated with AD. As IL-13Rα1 is most likely expressed in Th17 cells rather than in Th2 cells, these data suggest diversity in the classification of Th cells that needs to be verified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Namkung
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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22
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Hussein YM, El-Tarhouny SA, Shalaby SM, Mohamed RH, Hassan TH, El-Sherbeny HM, Mohamed NA. Interleukin-13 receptor A1 gene polymorphism and IL-13 serum level in atopic and non-atopic Egyptian children. Immunol Invest 2011; 40:523-34. [PMID: 21425907 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2011.565106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess serum interleukin (IL) 13 levels in atopic diseases and to determine the role of IL-13R A(1) gene polymorphism (+1398 A/G) in pathogenesis of these diseases. METHODS Serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IL-13 levels were measured by ELISA and the IL-13R A(1) gene (+1398 A/G) was screened by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 240 asthmatic children (120 atopic and 120 nonatopic) and 120 allergic rhinitis patients compared with 120 age-matched controls. RESULTS No significant association was observed between genotype frequencies of the IL-13R A(1) +1398 A/G polymorphism in patients groups compared to in controls. There was a significant increase in serum levels of total IgE & IL-13 towards heterozygous AG and homozygous GG than homozygous AA in atopic asthma, non-atopic asthma and allergic rhinitis groups (P < 0.001 for each). A highly significant increase of serum IL-13 in atopic asthma as compared with controls (P < 0.001) and with nonatopic asthmatics (P < 0.001) was shown. CONCLUSION The IL-13R A(1) +1398 A/G polymorphism does not contribute to asthma or allergic rhinitis susceptibility, yet serum IL-13 can be used as a marker in atopic diseases and to differentiate between atopic and non-atopic asthma.
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Genome-wide association studies on IgE regulation: are genetics of IgE also genetics of atopic disease? Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 10:408-17. [PMID: 20736732 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32833d7d2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Total IgE levels are considered a useful endophenotype for studying the genetics of atopic diseases. However, the role and significance of genetic factors influencing IgE regulation for atopic diseases as endpoints is unclear. RECENT FINDINGS Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been applied to atopic traits with considerable success. A total of seven published GWASs on asthma, one GWAS on eczema, and one GWAS on total IgE have reported 11 new loci. Most of these loci appear to be trait-specific. A notable exception is the Th2 cytokine cluster, where genetic variation seems to be relevant across atopic phenotypes. SUMMARY GWASs have identified several novel asthma and eczema loci as well as novel loci for IgE levels. In this review, we evaluate the interrelation between these loci and summarize to which degree recent findings on IgE reflect genetic vulnerability for atopic disease.
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Gene-gene interaction between tuberculosis candidate genes in a South African population. Mamm Genome 2010; 22:100-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00335-010-9280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Heinzmann A, Brugger M, Bierbaum S, Mailaparambil B, Kopp MV, Strauch K. Joint influences of Acidic-Mammalian-Chitinase with Interleukin-4 and Toll-like receptor-10 with Interleukin-13 in the genetics of asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010; 21:e679-86. [PMID: 20444155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the genetics of asthma, single genetic polymorphisms confer only a small individual risk factor. Haplotype-based association analyses, including joint analyses of several candidate genes, might therefore yield more convincing results than single-region statistics. We set out to test for joint influences of asthma genes previously identified in our study population that is acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase), Toll-like receptor (TLR)-10, and the interleukins IL-4, IL-13, IL-8, and IL-15. In particular, we investigated whether haplotypes at two or three genes show stronger association with the trait than at a single gene alone. We genotyped 26 polymorphisms in 321 asthmatic children and 270 controls. Haplotype-based association analyses were performed by the program FAMHAP. Single-, two-, and three-gene analyses were conducted as well as conditional analyses for pairs of genes. In the two-region analyses, best evidence was found for a joint effect on asthma for AMCase and IL-4 (p(raw) < 5 x 10(-7)) as well as AMCase and IL-13 (p(raw) = 5 x 10(-7)). Besides, IL-13 and TLR-10 showed a stronger two-gene result (p(raw) = 0.001607) than the respective single-gene analyses. Conditional analyses yielded similar results for these two-gene combinations and also revealed mutual additional effects for IL-13 and IL-4 (p(stratified) = 0.014831 and 0.001525, respectively). The most significant results demonstrate a joint effect of AMCase with IL-4 or IL-13 on the trait. Furthermore, additional mutual effects were seen for AMCase and IL-4 as well as for TLR-10 and IL-13. The corresponding pathways might therefore be of particular importance in the genetics of asthma. Further studies are needed to elucidate the functional importance of these gene-gene effects and their precise role in asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Heinzmann
- Centre for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Palikhe NS, Kim SH, Cho BY, Choi GS, Kim JH, Ye YM, Park HS. IL-13 Gene Polymorphisms are Associated With Rhinosinusitis and Eosinophilic Inflammation in Aspirin Intolerant Asthma. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2010; 2:134-40. [PMID: 20358028 PMCID: PMC2846737 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2010.2.2.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA) is characterized by moderate to severe asthma that is aggravated by aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Affected patients frequently have chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis due to persistent upper and lower airway inflammation with marked eosinophilia. IL-13 plays a crucial role in the development of allergic asthma by inducing airway eosinophilia and hyper-reactivity and it has been correlated with an increased eosinophil count. Methods Two promoter polymorphisms of the IL-13 gene (-1510 A>C and -1055C>T) and one coding nonsynonymus Arg110Gln (110G>A) polymorphism were genotyped using primer extension methods in 162 patients with AIA, 301 patients with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA), and 430 normal healthy controls (NC). Results There was no significant difference in the genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies of the three polymorphisms among the three groups. AIA patients with the AA genotype -1510A>C (P=0.012) and CC genotype -1055C>T (P<0.001) had a significantly higher frequency of rhinosinusitis, as compared to those with the minor alleles of these two single nucleotide polymorphisms. AIA patients with the GG genotype had a higher peripheral eosinophil count (P=0.025) and a higher serum eotaxin-1 level (P=0.044), as compared to patients with the AA genotype IL-13 Arg110Gln (110G>A). Conclusions These findings suggest that the IL-13 polymorphisms at -1510A>C and 1055C>T are associated with the development of rhinosinusitis in AIA patients. IL-13 Arg110Gln may be associated with an increased eosinophil count and eotaxin-1 level and could increase eosinophilic inflammation in the upper and lower airways of patients with AIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Shrestha Palikhe
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Kiesler P, Shakya A, Tantin D, Vercelli D. An allergy-associated polymorphism in a novel regulatory element enhances IL13 expression. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:4513-20. [PMID: 19706623 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-13 is a central effector of Th2-mediated allergic inflammation and is critical for the induction of IgE synthesis. Common IL13 variants are associated with allergy phenotypes in populations of distinct ethnic background. We recently demonstrated that IL13 expression by human CD4+ T cells is paralleled by extensive IL13 locus remodeling, which results in the appearance of multiple DNase I hypersensitive sites. Among these, HS4 in the distal promoter is constitutive in both naïve and polarized Th1 and Th2 cells, and spans a common single nucleotide polymorphism, IL13-1512A>C (rs1881457), strongly associated with total serum IgE levels. We recently characterized HS4 as a novel cis-acting element that upregulates IL13 transcription in activated human and murine T cells. Here we show that IL13-1512A>C is a functional polymorphism that significantly enhances HS4-dependent IL13 expression by creating a binding site for the transcription factor Oct-1. Of note, endogenous Oct-1 was preferentially recruited to the IL13-1512C risk allele in primary CD4+ T cells from IL13-1512A>C heterozygous subjects. Moreover, the IL13-1512C allele was overexpressed in transfected Th2 cells from Oct1(+/+) mice, but not from Oct1(+/-) mice, demonstrating that increased activity was exquisitely dependent on physiologic levels of Oct-1. Our results illustrate how a functional variant in a regulatory element enhances transcription of an allergy-associated gene, thereby modulating disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kiesler
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
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Association of IL-13 polymorphisms with leukotriene receptor antagonist drug responsiveness in Korean children with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2008; 18:551-8. [PMID: 18551035 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e3282fe94c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-13 is a pivotal cytokine in allergic inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and is known to influence leukotriene levels. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether IL-13 polymorphisms may be associated with clinical phenotypes and drug responsiveness to the leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) in Korean asthmatic children with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). METHODS We enrolled 242 normal controls and 374 patients with asthma. Of the asthmatic patients, 100 performed exercise challenge tests before and after receiving montelukast (5 mg/day) for 8 weeks and included 80 subjects in drug responsiveness analysis. We assessed IL-13 polymorphisms (-1512A/C, -1112C/T, +2044G/A) through PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS Significantly higher total IgE levels and maximum percent fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (%) after exercise challenge test were found in asthmatic patients carrying one or two copies of the IL-13 +2044A versus those homozygous for +2044G (P=0.011 and 0.040, respectively). We further noted a correlation of total IgE with maximum percent fall in FEV1 (%) in asthmatic patients, as well as a reverse correlation with improvement of maximum percent fall in FEV1 (%) after exercise challenge tests. Finally, we observed a significant association between responsiveness to montelukast and IL-13 -1112C/T polymorphism and the haplotype of IL-13 polymorphisms. CONCLUSION The IL-13 +2044G/A polymorphism may be associated with atopy and EIB severity in Korean children with EIB, and thus could potentially be considered as a disease-modifying gene. Moreover, the IL-13 -1112C/T polymorphism and the haplotype of IL-13 polymorphisms seem to be associated with LTRA drug responsiveness, and thus might prove useful as a target for modulation of LTRA drug responsiveness.
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Park HW, Lee JE, Kim SH, Kim YK, Min KU, Kim YY, Cho SH. Genetic variation of IL13 as a risk factor of reduced lung function in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional population-based study in Korea. Respir Med 2008; 103:284-8. [PMID: 18815020 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2008] [Revised: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous investigations have suggested that genetic variations are associated with reduced lung function in early childhood. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between IL13+2044G-->A, the functionally relevant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene coding IL13, and lung function in early childhood. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1900 subjects aged 10-18 years living in Korea, were randomly recruited. Lung function test and methacholine bronchial provocation test were performed. Multiple regression analysis adjusting for sex, age, height, atopy, and history of passive smoking was done to evaluate effect of IL13+2044G-->A on lung function. RESULTS Mean (+/-SD) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) was 2.66 L (+/-0.60) in subjects with the AA or AG genotype (n=982) and 2.75 L (+/-0.57) in subjects with the GG genotype (n=918). IL13+2044G-->A showed a significant association with FEV(1) [in the minor allele dominant model (GG vs. AG+AA), P<0.001]. Interestingly, the association between FEV(1) and IL13+2044G-->A remained still significant in subgroup analysis according to the presence of AHR (P<0.001 in subjects without AHR and P=0.002 in subjects with AHR). Moreover, FEV(1)/FVC (forced vital capacity) ratio also showed a significant association with IL13+2044G-->A in both groups (P<0.001 in subjects without AHR and P<0.001 in subjects with AHR). This cross-sectional study demonstrates that IL13+2044G-->A is significantly associated with a reduced lung function in Korean children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung-Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lack of association between interleukin-13 gene polymorphisms (-1055 C/T and +2044 G/A) in Iranian patients with lung cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2008; 36:1001-5. [PMID: 18506597 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-008-9273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2007] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death from cancer. Both immune cells and tumor cells play a key role in lung cancer immunity by secretion of cytokines and developing type-2 cell-mediated immune response. IL-13 is an immunoregulatory cytokine affecting tumor immunosurveillance by deviation of immune response from Th1 to Th2. In the present study we sought to determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-13 gene at positions +2044 (G/A) and -1055 (C/T) and lung cancer. One hundred forty one patients and 113 controls were recruited; control group was subdivided into smoker and nonsmoker individuals for serum detection. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP assay and IL-13 detection by ELISA method. No statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of genotypes, alleles, and haplotypes at positions +2044 (G/A) and -1055 (C/T) of IL-13 gene between lung cancer patients and controls. Serum level of IL-13 was not detectable in both groups. The results of this study reveal that although +2044 (G/A) and -1055 (C/T) SNPs in IL-13 are implicated in some pulmonary processes, they do not confer susceptibility to lung cancer in Iranian population.
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Kim HB, Kang MJ, Lee SY, Jin HS, Kim JH, Kim BS, Jang SO, Lee YC, Sohn MH, Kim KE, Hong SJ. Combined effect of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-13 polymorphisms on bronchial hyperresponsiveness in Korean children with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38:774-80. [PMID: 18341619 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.02965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNF-alpha and IL-13, two pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokines, are increased in asthmatic airways and may be linked to asthma susceptibility and/or bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). OBJECTIVE We investigated the association between the TNF-alpha-308G/A polymorphism and asthma susceptibility or asthma-related phenotypes in Korean children with asthma, and tested for a combined effect with IL-13 polymorphisms. METHODS Asthmatic children (n=719) and non-atopic healthy control children (n=243) were evaluated for asthma phenotypes including total serum IgE and BHR to methacholine. Genotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS The allele frequency of TNF-alpha-308A in asthmatics (14.1%) was higher than that in control children [8.7%, odds ratio (OR) 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-2.82]. Significantly lower PC(20) values were found in asthmatic children carrying one or two copies of the TNF-alpha risk allele (-308A) vs. those homozygous for the common allele (P=0.026). Combined analysis revealed that atopic asthmatic children co-inherited the risk alleles of TNF-alpha-308G/A and IL-13 +2044G/A more frequently than control children (aOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.00-3.65), and asthmatic children co-inheriting both risk alleles had significantly lower PC(20) values vs. asthmatic children homozygous for the common alleles (P=0.024). CONCLUSION The TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism (-308G/A) may be associated with asthma susceptibility and BHR in Korean children with asthma. In addition, there appears to be a synergistic effect between the TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism and an IL-13 coding region polymorphism in terms of asthma susceptibility and BHR in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-B Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Huebner M, Kim DY, Ewart S, Karmaus W, Sadeghnejad A, Arshad SH. Patterns of GATA3 and IL13 gene polymorphisms associated with childhood rhinitis and atopy in a birth cohort. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 121:408-14. [PMID: 18037162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GATA3 activates transcription of the T(H)2 cytokines, including IL13, an important step in the allergic inflammatory pathway. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes GATA3 and IL13 and their interactions with rhinitis and allergic sensitization during childhood. METHODS We performed genetic association studies in a cohort of children (n = 923) who have been evaluated for the development of rhinitis and allergic sensitization by means of skin prick tests (SPTs) at age 10 years. Pyrosequencing was used to genotype 7 polymorphisms from GATA3 and 5 from IL13. A novel model-selection procedure combining logistic regression models and classification was used to study the contributions of the polymorphisms and their interactions. RESULTS Combinations of polymorphisms and their interactions increase the risk for rhinitis and allergic sensitization at age 10 years. A model with rs1058240, rs379568, and rs4143094 (GATA3) and rs1800925 (IL13) and their interactions was selected to predict rhinitis and positive SPT responses. rs1058240 was associated with rhinitis and allergic rhinitis (P < .05), and the gene-gene interaction rs1058240:rs1800925 was associated with rhinitis (P = .043). The odds ratios for 4 genotype combinations were significant for rhinitis or SPTs (P < .044). CONCLUSION Gene-gene interaction between GATA3 and IL13 polymorphisms can influence the risk of childhood rhinitis. Our study suggests that set associations of polymorphisms are important in studying genetic associations for complex phenotypes, such as rhinitis and atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Huebner
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
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Macaluso F, Nothnagel M, Parwez Q, Petrasch-Parwez E, Bechara FG, Epplen JT, Hoffjan S. Polymorphisms in NACHT-LRR (NLR) genes in atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2007; 16:692-8. [PMID: 17620097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00589.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease affecting up to 15% of children in industrialized countries. AD belongs to the group of atopic disorders characterized by excessive immune reactions to ubiquitous antigens. Complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors have been suggested for atopic disorders. Dysregulation of the innate immune system appears crucial for the pathogenesis of AD. The NACHT-LRRs (NLRs) represent a group of innate immune receptors with special relevance for inflammatory processes. In order to investigate the role of variation in NLR genes for AD, we genotyped 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven selected NLR genes (CARD4, CARD15, CARD12, NALP1, NALP3, NALP12, MHC2TA) in 392 AD patients and 297 controls by restriction enzyme digestion or TaqMan assays. Single-SNP analysis demonstrated significant associations of the CARD15_R702W variation and the NALP12_In9 T-allele with AD (P = 0.008 and P = 0.03, resp.; insignificant after Bonferroni correction). In the CARD4 gene, a rare haplotype was more frequent in AD patients than in controls. Interactions between all pairs of SNPs in the seven genes were analysed by logistic regression. Significant interactions comprised SNPs in the CARD4 gene (CARD4_In1 and CARD4_Ex6, P = 6.56 x 10(-7); CARD4_Prom und CARD4_Ex6, P = 2.45 x 10(-4)) and promoter polymorphisms in the CARD12 and NALP1 genes (P = 4.31 x 10(-4)). In conclusion, variation in individual genes from the NLR family as well as interactions within this group of innate immune receptor genes could play a role in AD pathogenesis. Investigations in other populations and functional studies are warranted to clarify contributions of NLR variation for this frequent skin disease.
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