Higher skin autofluorescence detection using AGE-Reader™ technology as a measure of increased tissue accumulation of advanced glycation end products in dialysis patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis

The effects of advanced glycation end-products on skin and potential anti-glycation strategies

The advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are produced through non-enzymatic glycation between reducing sugars and free amino groups, such as proteins, lipids or nucleic acids. AGEs can enter the body through daily dietary intake and can also be generated internally via normal metabolism and external stimuli. AGEs bind to cell surface receptors for AGEs, triggering oxidative stress and inflammation responses that lead to skin ageing and various diseases. Evidence shows that AGEs contribute to skin dysfunction and ageing. This review introduces the basic information, the sources, the metabolism and absorption of AGEs. We also summarise the detrimental mechanisms of AGEs to skin ageing and other chronic diseases. For the potential strategies for counteracting AGEs to skin and other organs, we summarised the pathways that could be utilised to resist glycation. Chemical and natural-derived anti-glycation approaches are overviewed. This work offers an understanding of AGEs to skin ageing and other chronic diseases and may provide perspectives for the development of anti-glycation strategies.

UV-induced skin's green autofluorescence is a biomarker for both non-invasive evaluations of the dosages of UV exposures of the skin and non-invasive prediction of UV-induced skin damage

It is crucial to discover biomarkers for non-invasive evaluations of the dosages of UV exposures to a person during post-UV exposure period, and for non-invasive prediction of UV-induced skin damage. Our current study has obtained findings: UVB exposures produced dose-dependent increases in skin's green autofluorescence (AF) intensity of mice, which were significantly associated with the UVB dosages. The UVC-induced green AF increases were dose dependent, which were highly associated with the UVC dosages. Moreover, both previous reports and our current study have collectively shown significant association between UVB/UVC dosages and UVB/UVC-induced skin damage. Collectively, our study has indicated that the UVB/UVC-induced skin's AF are first biomarkers for both non-invasive evaluations of the dosages of UV exposures to a person during post-UV exposure period and non-invasive and label-free prediction of UVB/UVC-induced skin damage.