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Chen J, He W, Hu X, Shen Y, Cao J, Wei Z, Luan Y, He L, Jiang F, Tao Y. A role for ErbB signaling in the induction of reactive astrogliosis. Cell Discov 2017; 3:17044. [PMID: 29238610 PMCID: PMC5717352 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2017.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrogliosis is a hallmark of many neurological disorders, yet its functions and molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Particularly, the upstream signaling that regulates pathological responses of astrocytes is largely undetermined. We used a mouse traumatic brain injury model to induce astrogliosis and revealed activation of ErbB receptors in reactive astrocytes. Moreover, cell-autonomous inhibition of ErbB receptor activity in reactive astrocytes by a genetic approach suppressed hypertrophic remodeling possibly through the regulation of actin dynamics. However, inhibiting ErbB signaling in reactive astrocytes did not affect astrocyte proliferation after brain injury, although it aggravated local inflammation. In contrast, active ErbB signaling in mature astrocytes of various brain regions in mice was sufficient to initiate reactive responses, reproducing characterized molecular and cellular features of astrogliosis observed in injured or diseased brains. Further, prevalent astrogliosis in the brain induced by astrocytic ErbB activation caused anorexia in animals. Therefore, our findings defined an unrecognized role of ErbB signaling in inducing reactive astrogliosis. Mechanistically, inhibiting ErbB signaling in reactive astrocytes prominently reduced Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity that is important for actin remodeling, although ErbB signaling activated multiple downstream signaling proteins. The discrepancies between the results from loss- and gain-of-function studies indicated that ErbB signaling regulated hypertrophy and proliferation of reactive astrocytes by different downstream signaling pathways. Our work demonstrated an essential mechanism in the pathological regulation of astrocytes and provided novel insights into potential therapeutic targets for astrogliosis-implicated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab of GEM Resource and Model Research of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanwan He
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Hu
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuwen Shen
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Cao
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengdong Wei
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Luan
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li He
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangdun Jiang
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Tao
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Organ Development and Regeneration of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab of GEM Resource and Model Research of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Park CR, Kim DK, Cho EB, You DJ, do Rego JL, Vaudry D, Sun W, Kim H, Seong JY, Hwang JI. Spatiotemporal expression and functional implication of CXCL14 in the developing mice cerebellum. Mol Cells 2012; 34:289-93. [PMID: 22843118 PMCID: PMC3887834 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar granule neurons migrate from the external granule cell layer (EGL) to the internal granule cell layer (IGL) during postnatal morphogenesis. This migration process through 4 different layers is a complex mechanism which is highly regulated by many secreted proteins. Although chemokines are well-known peptides that trigger cell migration, but with the exception of CXCL12, which is responsible for prenatal EGL formation, their functions have not been thoroughly studied in granule cell migration. In the present study, we examined cerebellar CXCL14 expression in neonatal and adult mice. CXCL14 mRNA was expressed at high levels in adult mouse cerebellum, but the protein was not detected. Nevertheless, Western blotting analysis revealed transient expression of CXCL14 in the cerebellum in early postnatal days (P1, P8), prior to the completion of granule cell migration. Looking at the distribution of CXCL14 by immunohistochemistry revealed a strong immune reactivity at the level of the Purkinje cell layer and molecular layer which was absent in the adult cerebellum. In functional assays, CXCL14 stimulated transwell migration of cultured granule cells and enhanced the spreading rate of neurons from EGL microexplants. Taken together, these results revealed the transient expression of CXCL14 by Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum and demonstrate the ability of the chemokine to stimulate granule cell migration, suggesting that it must be involved in the postnatal maturation of the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho Rong Park
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Eun Bee Cho
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Dong-Joo You
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Jean Luc do Rego
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Regional Platform for Cell Imaging (PRIMACEN), International Associate Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen,
France
| | - David Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Regional Platform for Cell Imaging (PRIMACEN), International Associate Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen,
France
| | - Woong Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Jae Young Seong
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Hwang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-705,
Korea
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