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Living material assembly of bacteriogenic protocells. Nature 2022; 609:1029-1037. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05223-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Blocking glycine utilization inhibits multiple myeloma progression by disrupting glutathione balance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4007. [PMID: 35817773 PMCID: PMC9273595 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites in the tumor microenvironment are a critical factor for tumor progression. However, the lack of knowledge about the metabolic profile in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of multiple myeloma (MM) limits our understanding of MM progression. Here, we show that the glycine concentration in the BM microenvironment is elevated due to bone collagen degradation mediated by MM cell-secreted matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13), while the elevated glycine level is linked to MM progression. MM cells utilize the channel protein solute carrier family 6 member 9 (SLC6A9) to absorb extrinsic glycine subsequently involved in the synthesis of glutathione (GSH) and purines. Inhibiting glycine utilization via SLC6A9 knockdown or the treatment with betaine suppresses MM cell proliferation and enhances the effects of bortezomib on MM cells. Together, we identify glycine as a key metabolic regulator of MM, unveil molecular mechanisms governing MM progression, and provide a promising therapeutic strategy for MM treatment. The bone tumour microenvironment plays an essential role in multiple myeloma (MM) development. Here, the authors show that bone collagen degradation provides glycine to support MM progression through glutathione and purine synthesis.
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Zhao H, Song L. TKP, a Serine Protease from Trichosanthes kirilowii, Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Blocking Aerobic Glycolysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:333-345. [PMID: 33544002 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1882508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. TKP is a serine protease extracted from the fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii. We investigated the impact of TKP on the proliferation of HCC cells and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Bel-7402 and HepG2 cell viability and colony formation capacity were evaluated using MTT and colony formation assays, respectively. Glucose uptake and lactate production were determined using glucose and lactate assay kits. The mRNA expressions of GLUT1, PDK, LDHA, PKM2, β-catenin, c-Myc, and HnRNPA1 were assessed using real-time PCR analysis. Protein expression and the distribution of PKM2 were examined by western blot assay. RESULTS TKP significantly inhibited Bel-7402 and HepG2 cell survival and colony formation capacity. The IC50 values of TKP against Bel-7402 and HepG2 cells were 31.37 ± 1.33 and 27.41 ± 0.81 μg/mL, respectively. TKP restrained aerobic glycolysis. TKP decreased the expression level, nuclear protein level and pyruvate kinase activity of PKM2, whereas overexpression PKM2 reversed the suppression of TKP on glycolysis. TKP inhibited the β-catenin/c-Myc/HnRNPA1 pathway. LiCl treatment partly rescued the inhibitory effects of TKP on PKM2, aerobic glycolysis, and cell viability. CONCLUSION TKP suppresses HCC cell proliferation via blocking PKM2-dependent glycolysis, which is regulated by inhibiting the β-catenin/c-Myc/HnRNPA1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li Song
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Wang Q, Lu D, Fan L, Li Y, Liu Y, Yu H, Wang H, Liu J, Sun G. COX-2 induces apoptosis-resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the HIF-1α/PKM2 pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:475-488. [PMID: 30365092 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) is a key component of aerobic glycolysis and has been reported to regulate apoptosis. However, it is unclear whether PKM2 is involved in cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) induced apoptosis‑resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In the present study, it was observed that COX‑2 and PKM2 were significantly elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent liver tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, their expression was positively associated with worse clinicopathological characteristics, which indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC. COX‑2 knockdown significantly reduced the expression of PKM2 and hypoxia inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) at the mRNA and protein levels in addition to inhibiting proliferation (P<0.05), whereas apoptosis was notably increased. Furthermore, HIF‑1α and PKM2‑knockdown increased cell apoptosis without inhibiting COX‑2 expression. PKM2 inhibition did not have a marked effect on COX‑2 and HIF‑1α expression. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that HIF‑1α/PKM2 pathway‑associated metabolic changes may facilitate COX‑2‑induced apoptosis resistance in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Hanqing Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Zhang J, Wang Q, Zhao X, Wang L, Wang X, Wang J, Dong B, Gong D. MicroRNA-122 targets genes related to goose fatty liver. Poult Sci 2018; 97:643-649. [PMID: 29182758 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-122 (miR-122), a completely conserved, liver-specific miRNA in vertebrates, is essential for the maintenance of liver homeostasis. This 22-nucleotide-length RNA regulates diverse functions such as cholesterol, glucose, and lipid metabolism as well as iron homeostasis and infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Landes goose, which has a good, fatty liver, has important significance for us in studying miR-122 function in goose fatty liver. In the current study, we identified miR-122 in goose liver and its expression pattern and target genes. We found that miR-122 was highly expressed in goose liver and its expression was down-regulated after overfeeding; some genes related to lipid metabolism, including prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1); aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate B (ALDOB); and pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM2), were predicted and validated as target genes of goose miR-122. After overexpression or inhibition of miR-122 in primary goose hepatocytes, the expression of ALDOB and PKM2 was changed, but not that of P4HA1, indicating miR-122 regulates ALDOB and PKM2 expression at the mRNA level. These findings suggest miR-122 play important roles in goose fatty liver by targeting some of the genes related to lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Xing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Laidi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, PR China
| | - Biao Dong
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, PR China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
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miR675 upregulates long noncoding RNA H19 through activating EGR1 in human liver cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31958-84. [PMID: 26376677 PMCID: PMC4741653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miR675, embedded in H19's first exon, had been linked to the development of human cancers. Herein, we demonstrate miR675 overexpression promotes and silencing miR675 attenuated liver cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR675 inhibits the heterochromatin1 isoform HP1α expression in human liver cancer cells which causes a dramatically decrease of the total histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) , histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and a increase of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation(H3K27Ac).Notably, a significant reduction of the H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 and the increment of H3K27Ac occupancy on the promoter region of EGR1 triggers EGR1 transcription, translation, sumoylation and activation which upregulates lincRNA H19. Strikingly, H19 may induce and activate tumor-specific pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) which is essential for the Warburg effect in its dimer and for gene expression in its teramer during tumorigenesis. Our results imply that miR675 is involved in the epigenetic regulation of H3K9me3, H3k27me3 and H3K27Ac for gene expression and function during hepatocarcinogenesis (e.g.C-myc,Pim1,Ras,CyclinD1,RB1).These findings sheds light on the significance of miR675-HP1α-EGR1-H19-PKM2 cascade signaling pathway in liver cancer.
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Park YS, Kim DJ, Koo H, Jang SH, You YM, Cho JH, Yang SJ, Yu ES, Jung Y, Lee DC, Kim JA, Park ZY, Park KC, Yeom YI. AKT-induced PKM2 phosphorylation signals for IGF-1-stimulated cancer cell growth. Oncotarget 2016; 7:48155-48167. [PMID: 27340866 PMCID: PMC5217008 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase muscle type 2 (PKM2) exhibits post-translational modifications in response to various signals from the tumor microenvironment. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a crucial signal in the tumor microenvironment that promotes cell growth and survival in many human cancers. Herein, we report that AKT directly interacts with PKM2 and phosphorylates it at Ser-202, which is essential for the nuclear translocation of PKM2 protein under stimulation of IGF-1. In the nucleus, PKM2 binds to STAT5A and induces IGF-1-stimulated cyclin D1 expression, suggesting that PKM2 acts as an important factor inducing STAT5A activation under IGF-1 signaling. Concordantly, overexpression of STAT5A in cells deficient in PKM2 expression failed to restore IGF-induced growth, whereas reconstitution of PKM2 in PKM2 knockdown cells restored the IGF-induced growth capacity. Our findings suggest a novel role of PKM2 in promoting the growth of cancers with dysregulated IGF/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Soo Park
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Han Koo
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Se Hwan Jang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Yeon-Mi You
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Cho
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Suk-Jin Yang
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eun Sil Yu
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yuri Jung
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dong Chul Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Kyung Chan Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young Il Yeom
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Hwang JH, Kim YH, Noh JR, Choi DH, Kim KS, Lee CH. Enhanced Production of Adenosine Triphosphate by Pharmacological Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. Mol Cells 2015; 38:843-50. [PMID: 26434492 PMCID: PMC4625065 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hepatic cell death induced by acetaminophen (APAP) is closely related to cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, which is mainly caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor of low energy status. AMPK regulates metabolic homeostasis by stimulating catabolic metabolism and suppressing anabolic pathways to increase cellular energy levels. We found that the decrease in active phosphorylation of AMPK in response to APAP correlates with decreased ATP levels, in vivo. Therefore, we hypothesized that the enhanced production of ATP via AMPK stimulation can lead to amelioration of APAP-induced liver failure. A769662, an allosteric activator of AMPK, produced a strong synergistic effect on AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation with APAP in primary hepatocytes and liver tissue. Interestingly, activation of AMPK by A769662 ameliorated the APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6N mice treated with APAP at a dose of 400 mg/kg intraperitoneally. However, mice treated with APAP alone developed massive centrilobular necrosis, and APAP increased their serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels. Furthermore, A769662 administration prevented the loss of intracellular ATP without interfering with the APAP-mediated reduction of mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, inhibition of glycolysis by 2-deoxy-glucose eliminated the beneficial effects of A769662 on APAP-mediated liver injury. In conclusion, A769662 can effectively protect mice against APAP-induced liver injury through ATP synthesis by anaerobic glycolysis. Furthermore, stimulation of AMPK may have potential therapeutic application for APAP overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Jung-Ran Noh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
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Bahr BL, Price MD, Merrill D, Mejia C, Call L, Bearss D, Arroyo J. Different expression of placental pyruvate kinase in normal, preeclamptic and intrauterine growth restriction pregnancies. Placenta 2014; 35:883-90. [PMID: 25260566 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are two diseases that affect pregnant women and their unborn children. These diseases cause low birth weight, pre-term delivery, and neurological and cardiovascular disorders in babies. Combined they account for 20% of preterm deliveries. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a metabolism enzyme found in developing embryonic and cancer tissues. Our objective is to determine the expression of PKM2 in human PE and IUGR compared to normal pregnancies. Understanding expression of PKM2 in PE and IUGR could help us to better understand the mechanisms and find treatments for PE and IUGR. METHODS Human placental tissues were obtained for PKM2 determination and analyzed by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and a pyruvate assay. Placental samples were homogenized and cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins were extracted for Western blot analysis. RESULTS Preeclampsia samples had elevated levels of p-PKM2, p-ERK, and ERK in the cytoplasm. Beta-catenin and lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) were also elevated in preeclampsia placenta samples. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We conclude that PKM2 is expressed in normal, PE and IUGR pregnancies. Also, that this expression is increased in the PE placenta at delivery. These results suggest placental metabolism through PKM2 could play a role in human preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Bahr
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - M D Price
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - D Merrill
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - C Mejia
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - L Call
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - D Bearss
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - J Arroyo
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
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Abstract
Pyruvate kinase converts phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, catalyzing the rate-limiting step of glycolysis. The M1 isoenzyme of pyruvate kinase (PKM1) is found in adult tissues; whereas, PKM2 is a splicesome variant found in embryonic and cancer cells. PKM2 expression in malignant cells is a result of the tumor microenvironment and is responsible for maintaining a glycolytic phenotype. PKM2 has other nonmetabolic functions in malignant cells, including transcriptional coactivation and protein kinase activity. PKM2 activators have antitumor properties by inducing tetramerization of two PKM2 dimers causing PKM2 to function like PKM1. Restoring PKM2 to PKM1-like levels of activity causes reversal of the Warburg effect in cancer cells. PKM2 activators have therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Warner
- Tolero Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2975 W Executive Parkway, Suite 320, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
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Zhang X, He C, He C, Chen B, Liu Y, Kong M, Wang C, Lin L, Dong Y, Sheng H. Nuclear PKM2 expression predicts poor prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 209:510-5. [PMID: 23880164 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide, with a high malignant degree and poor prognosis. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression and the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The expression of PKM2 in 86 cases of esophageal carcinoma tissues was tested using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between PKM2 expression and clinical pathological parameters, and their effects on the prognosis of patients with ESCC were analyzed. The expression levels of PKM2 in both cytoplasm and nucleus of ESCC tissues were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues (P=6.73×10(-9) and 4.32×10(-6), respectively). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that nuclear PKM2 expression was closely related to the survival of patients with ESCC (P=0.005). Patients with high PKM2 expression in the nucleus had significantly shorter survival times than those with low PKM2 expression in the nucleus (hazard ratio for death, 2.358; 95% confidence interval, 1.156-4.812; P=0.018). No other significant difference was found between PMK2 expression and clinico-pathological features of ESCC patients (all P>0.05). In conclusion, high PKM2 expression in the nucleus is essential in the pathogenic process of ESCC and may be used to predict the prognosis of patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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