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Human Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus 6 Coinfection of Dermal Fibroblasts Enhances the Pro-Inflammatory Pathway Predisposing to Fibrosis: The Possible Impact on Systemic Sclerosis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081600. [PMID: 36014018 PMCID: PMC9415275 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe autoimmune disease likely triggered by genetic and environmental factors, including viral infections. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and human herpesvirus 6A species (HHV-6A) have been associated with SSc, based on in vivo and in vitro evidence, but the data are still inconclusive. Furthermore, despite both viruses being highly prevalent in humans and able to exacerbate each other’s effects, no data are available on their joint effects. Hence, we aimed to study their simultaneous impact on the expression of cell factors correlated with fibrosis and apoptosis in in vitro coinfected fibroblasts, representing the main target cell type in SSc. The results, obtained by a microarray detecting 84 fibrosis/apoptosis-associated factors, indicated that coinfected cells underwent higher and more sustained expression of fibrosis-associated parameters compared with single-infected cells. Thus, the data, for the first time, suggest that HCMV and HHV-6A may cooperate in inducing alterations potentially leading to cell fibrosis, thus further supporting their joint role in SSc. However, further work is required to definitively answer whether β-herpesviruses are causally linked to the disease and to enable the possible use of targeted antiviral treatments to improve clinical outcomes.
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Ihara K, Skupien J, Krolewski B, Md Dom ZI, O'Neil K, Satake E, Kobayashi H, Rashidi NM, Niewczas MA, Krolewski AS. A profile of multiple circulating tumor necrosis factor receptors associated with early progressive kidney decline in Type 1 Diabetes is similar to profiles in autoimmune disorders. Kidney Int 2021; 99:725-736. [PMID: 32717193 PMCID: PMC7891866 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study comprehensively evaluated the association between known circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily ligands and receptors and the development of early progressive kidney decline (PKD) leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in Type 1 diabetes. Participants for the study were from the Macro-Albuminuria Study (198 individuals), and the Micro-Albuminuria Study (148 individuals) of the Joslin Kidney Study. All individuals initially had normal kidney function and were followed for seven-fifteen years to determine the slope of the estimate glomerular filtration rate and to ascertain onset of ESKD. Plasma concentrations of 25 TNF superfamily proteins were measured using proximity extension assay applied in the OLINK proteomics platform. In the both studies risk of early PKD, determined as estimated glomerular filtration rate loss greater than or equal to three ml/min/1.73m2/year, was associated with elevated circulating levels of 13 of 19 TNF receptors examined. In the Macro-Albuminuria Study, we obtained similar findings for risk of progression to ESKD. These receptors comprised: TNF-R1A, -R1B, -R3, -R4, -R6, -R6B, -R7, -R10A, -R10B, -R11A, -R14, -R21, and -R27. Serial measurements showed that circulating levels of these TNF receptors had increased before the onset of PKD. In contrast, none of the six measured TNF ligands showed association with risk of early PKD. Of significance, the disease process that underlies PKD leading to ESKD in Type 1 diabetes has a profile also seen in autoimmune disorders. The mechanisms of this enrichment may be causally related to the development of PKD in Type 1 diabetes and must be investigated further. Thus, some of these receptors may be used as new risk predictors of ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhito Ihara
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jan Skupien
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bozena Krolewski
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zaipul I Md Dom
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristina O'Neil
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eiichiro Satake
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Monika A Niewczas
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrzej S Krolewski
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Cell adhesion molecules and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: influence of metabolic syndrome. Clin Exp Med 2018; 18:495-504. [PMID: 30008151 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-018-0516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and systemic disease characterized by endothelial activation. The main objective of this study was to verify the profile of cell adhesion molecules (CAM) in RA patients, and the influence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and drugs used in the treatment of RA in this profile. A second objective was to propose models of prediction of activity in RA using these biomarkers. A total of 115 healthy individuals and 144 RA patients were enrolled. Disease activity was determined by DAS28 (disease activity score 28) based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) or C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). Serum CAM and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), anthropometric and immunological parameters were measured. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was significantly decreased, and PAI-1 was significantly higher in RA patients as compared to controls. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that VCAM-1, CRP, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) predicted RA with a sensitivity of 95.9% and a specificity of 89.5%. 42.9% of the variance in DAS28-ESR and 49.2% of the variance in DAS28-CRP are explained by increased PAI-1, TNF-α, body mass index (BMI) and decreased platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1). Our data show that lower levels of VCAM-1 are associated with RA independently of MetS, while increased PAI-1 levels were associated with both RA and MetS and increased selectins (E-selectin and P-selectin) were exclusively associated with MetS and not with RA. A model to predict disease activity based on PECAM-1, PAI-1, TNF-α, age and BMI is proposed.
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Ikonomidis I, Tzortzis S, Lekakis J, Paraskevaidis I, Dasou P, Parissis J, Nikolaou M, Markantonis S, Katsimbri P, Skarantavos G, Anastasiou-Nana M, Andreadou I. Association of soluble apoptotic markers with impaired left ventricular deformation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Effects of inhibition of interleukin-1 activity by anakinra. Thromb Haemost 2017; 106:959-67. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-02-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SummaryMyocardial function is impaired in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Inhibition of interleukin (IL)-1 activity reduces experimental myocardial infarction by limiting apoptosis. We investigated whether a) soluble apoptotic markers are related with impaired left ventricular (LV) performance and b) treatment with anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, reduces apoptotic markers leading to improved LV performance in RA. We studied 46 RA patients. In an acute, double-blind cross-over trial, 23 patients were randomised to a single injection of anakinra or placebo and after 48 hours (h) to the alternative treatment. In a chronic trial, 23 patients who received anakinra for 30 days were compared with 23 patients who received prednisolone. At baseline, 3 h and 30 days after treatment, we measured circulating IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Fas, Fas-ligand and caspase-9 to assess apoptosis. At baseline and 30 days after treatment, we assessed LV longitudinal strain, strain rate and E/Em ratio using 2D-speckle tracking and tissue Doppler echocardiography. At baseline, increased apoptotic markers were related with reduced LongSRS and increased E/Em (p<0.05). After 3 h and 30 days of anakinra, there was a reduction in Fas (median 481 vs. 364 vs. 301 pg/ml), Fasligand (median 289 vs. 221 vs. 190 pg/ml), caspase-9 (median 1.90 vs. 1.40 vs. 1.07 ng/ml), TNF-α and IL-1β (p<0.05 for all comparisons). E/Em, LongS and LongSRS were improved after anakinra (p<0.01) and their percent changes were related with the corresponding changes of Fas and caspase-9 (p<0.05). No changes of the examined parameters were observed after prednisolone. In conclusion, inhibition of IL-1 activity by anakinra reduces apoptotic markers leading to improved LV performance in RA.
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Hong S, Kim EJ, Lee EJ, San Koo B, Min Ahn S, Bae SH, Lim DH, Kim YG, Yoo B, Lee CK. TNF-α confers resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis through the induction of soluble Fas. Life Sci 2015; 122:37-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Pradeep AR, Suke DK, Prasad MVR, Singh SP, Martande SS, Nagpal K, Naik SB, Guruprasad CN, Raju AP, Singh P, Siddaya M. Expression of key executioner of apoptosis caspase-3 in periodontal health and disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:174-9. [PMID: 25388853 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM A highly-regulated form of programmed cell death is apoptosis, and its perturbation has been associated with periodontal disease. Caspase-3 is one of the key executioners of apoptosis. The present study was designed to evaluate and correlate the levels of caspase-3 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum in participants with clinically-healthy periodontium, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS Forty-four sex- and age-matched participants were enrolled into three groups based on clinical parameters. Group 1 participants had clinically-healthy periodontium, group 2 participants had gingivitis, and group 3 participants had CP. GCF and serum samples were collected to evaluate the levels of caspase-3. RESULTS The mean caspase-3 concentration in GCF and serum was highest in group 3, followed by group 2, and was significantly correlated with gingival index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). CONCLUSION GCF and the serum concentration of caspase-3 proportionally increases with the progression of periodontal disease, that is, gingival inflammation, PD, and CAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani R Pradeep
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Suke
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M V Ramchandra Prasad
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonender Pal Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh Somnath Martande
- Department of Periodontics, Dr D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kanika Nagpal
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Savitha B Naik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - C N Guruprasad
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arjun P Raju
- Department of Radiology, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttaranchal, India
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Department of Opthalamology, Grant Medical College and JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Math Siddaya
- Department of Dentistry, Bidar Medical College and Research Institute, Bidar, Karnataka, India
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Romano E, Terenzi R, Manetti M, Peruzzi F, Fiori G, Nacci F, Bellando-Randone S, Matucci-Cerinic M, Guiducci S. Disease activity improvement in rheumatoid arthritis treated with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors correlates with increased soluble Fas levels. J Rheumatol 2014; 41:1961-5. [PMID: 25179850 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.131544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic synovial inflammation and hyperplasia. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a pivotal role in RA by interfering with the Fas-Fas ligand (FasL) proapoptotic pathway. We investigated the circulating levels of soluble Fas (sFas) and soluble FasL (sFasL), and their possible correlation with disease activity and improvement after anti-TNF-α treatment in RA. METHODS Serum levels of sFas and sFasL were measured by quantitative ELISA in 52 patients with RA before and after 3 months of anti-TNF-α treatment (adalimumab, n = 32; infliximab, n = 20). Disease activity measures [Disease Activity Score at 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)] were recorded before and after treatment. Forty age-matched and sex-matched healthy subjects served as controls. RESULTS No significant differences in serum sFas levels were detected between anti-TNF-α-naive patients with RA and controls. After anti-TNF-α treatment, serum sFas levels significantly increased in patients with RA compared to both anti-TNF-α-naive patients and controls. Increased sFas levels inversely correlated with disease activity variables (DAS28-ESR: r = -0.739, CRP: r = -0.636, both p < 0.001). No significant differences in sFasL levels were detected in patients with RA before and after anti-TNF-α treatment. CONCLUSION In RA, an increase in sFas levels closely correlates with improvement in disease activity induced by TNF-α inhibitors, suggesting their ability to modulate Fas-mediated synoviocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Romano
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence.
| | - Riccardo Terenzi
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Mirko Manetti
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Francesca Peruzzi
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Ginevra Fiori
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Francesca Nacci
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Silvia Bellando-Randone
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
| | - Serena Guiducci
- From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.E. Romano, PhD; R. Terenzi, MD; F. Peruzzi, MD; G. Fiori, MD; F. Nacci, MD; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi; DENOthe Centre; M. Manetti, PhD; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence
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Abuhussein H, Bashutski JD, Dabiri D, Halubai S, Layher M, Klausner C, Makhoul H, Kapila Y. The role of factors associated with apoptosis in assessing periodontal disease status. J Periodontol 2013; 85:1086-95. [PMID: 24359166 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the release of apoptotic proteins during periodontal breakdown. This pilot study investigates the presence of factors associated with apoptosis in serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and their association with periodontal disease severity and activity. METHODS GCF, whole saliva, and serum were obtained from 47 adult patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 10 healthy controls. Clinical measurements, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographs, were used to classify patients into healthy, mild, and moderate/severe CP groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure apoptosis or DNA fragmentation in GCF and active caspase-3, soluble Fas (sFas), and sFas ligand (sFasL) in saliva and serum. Western immunoblotting was used to detect Fas, FasL, sFasL, and caspase-3 expression in GCF. RESULTS DNA fragmentation was positively correlated with PD and CAL regardless of patient disease status (P <0.001). sFas and sFasL were present in saliva and serum, but there were no differences between groups. In GCF, the greater odds of detecting Fas, sFasL, and caspase-3 increased with increasing PD and CAL (P <0.05). In addition, sites with inflammation and PD ≥5 mm had significantly greater odds of exhibiting Fas, sFasL, and caspase-3 expression compared with sites without inflammation and PD <5 mm (P <0.05). Caspase-3 was not detected in saliva or serum. At the patient level, only FasL and disease status were significantly correlated (P <0.05). CONCLUSION Factors associated with apoptosis were detected in GCF in patients with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Abuhussein
- School of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Silicon, a Possible Link between Environmental Exposure and Autoimmune Diseases: The Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ARTHRITIS 2012; 2012:604187. [PMID: 23119159 PMCID: PMC3483651 DOI: 10.1155/2012/604187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Silicon is one of the most common chemicals on earth. Several compounds such as silica, asbestos, silicone or, nanoparticles are built from tetrahedral units with silicon as the central atom. Despite these, structural similarities, they have rarely been analyzed as a group. These compounds generate significant biological alterations that include immune hyperactivation, production of the reactive species of oxygen and tissue injury. These pathological processes may trigger autoimmune responses and lead to the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Populations at risk include those that constantly work in industrial process, mining, and agriculture as well as those that undergo silicone implants. Herein a review on the main features of these compounds and how they may induce autoimmune responses is presented.
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Apoptosis modulation as a promising target for treatment of systemic sclerosis. Int J Rheumatol 2011; 2011:495792. [PMID: 21912551 PMCID: PMC3170778 DOI: 10.1155/2011/495792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a fatal autoimmune disease characterized by an excessive ECM deposition inducing a loss of function of skin and internal organs. Apoptosis is a key mechanism involved in all the stages of the disease: vascular damage, immune dysfunction, and fibrosis. The purpose of this paper is to gather new findings in apoptosis related to SSc, to highlight relations between apoptosis and fibrosis, and to identify new therapeutic targets.
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Yamamoto T. Autoimmune mechanisms of scleroderma and a role of oxidative stress. SELF NONSELF 2011; 2:4-10. [PMID: 21776329 DOI: 10.4161/self.2.1.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Scleroderma is a fibrotic condition characterized by immunological abnormalities, vascular injury and increased accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the skin. Although the etiology of scleroderma has not yet been fully elucidated, a growing body of evidence suggests that extracellular matrix overproduction by activated fibroblasts results from complex interactions among endothelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts via a number of mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Recent investigations have further suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved and play a role of autoimmunology in scleroderma. In this review, current findings on the autoimmune mechanisms in the pathophysiology of scleroderma are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology; Fukushima Medical University; Fukushima, Japan
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12
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Telegina E, Reshetnyak T, Moshnikova A, Proussakova O, Zhukova A, Kuznetsova A, Ivanov A, Paltsev M, Beletsky I. A possible role of Fas-ligand-mediated “reverse signaling” in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Lett 2009; 122:12-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2008.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ma Y, Ye F, Lv W, Cheng Q, Chen H, Xie X. Correlation between soluble Fas level and apoptosis of T cells in ovarian carcinoma. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2007; 138:204-11. [PMID: 17826886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2007] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives were to examine the correlation between soluble Fas (sFas) level and apoptosis of T cells in peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid of patients with ovarian carcinoma and to investigate the possible sFas effect on T cell apoptosis. STUDY DESIGN Patients with stages I-II ovarian carcinoma (n=10) and patients with stages III-IV ovarian carcinoma (n=22), as well as ovarian benign tumors (n=8), were enrolled in the study. Apoptosis of and Fas expression on T cells from peripheral blood and peritoneal fluids were assessed by flow cytometry. Soluble Fas level was assayed using an ELISA kit. The effects of peritoneal fluid on Jurkat cell apoptosis with or without depletion of sFas were evaluated and compared in vitro. RESULTS The sFas level and apoptosis of T cells in peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid from stages III-IV ovarian carcinoma were significantly higher than those from stages I-II ovarian carcinoma (p<0.01 in all instances) and benign ovarian tumor (p<0.01 in all instances). In peritoneal fluid, the sFas level and apoptosis of T cells from stages I-II ovarian carcinoma were significantly higher than those from benign ovarian tumor (p<0.01 in all instances), and the Fas expression on T cells from ovarian carcinoma were higher than those from benign ovarian tumor (p<0.05 in all instances). There was a positive correlation between the sFas level and the apoptosis of T cells in peritoneal fluids from stages III-IV ovarian carcinoma (r=0.647, p=0.001). Peritoneal fluid of ovarian carcinoma could induce significant Jurkat cell apoptosis. The blocking of Fas expression on the Jurkat cell surface, but not the deletion of sFas, may remarkably restrain the apoptosis level. CONCLUSIONS Elevated sFas is correlated with apoptosis of T cells in peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid from ovarian carcinoma. Soluble Fas evidently does not affect T cell apoptosis, which is probably due to elevated Fas expression on T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Ma
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Sahin M, Aydintug O, Tunc SE, Tutkak H, Naziroğlu M. Serum soluble Fas levels in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Clin Biochem 2007; 40:6-10. [PMID: 17056024 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 09/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of the serum soluble Fas (sFAS) system is unclear in diagnosis of several autoimmune rheumatic diseases although there are present contradictory reports on the levels of serum sFas. We therefore assessed levels of sFAS in serum of patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed sFas levels and their relationship to clinical and laboratory data in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n=32), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n=28), Sjögren's syndrome (SS, n=20) systemic sclerosis (SSc, n=21), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM, n=15). Patients with osteoarthritis (OA, n=20) and healthy volunteers (n=20) were used as controls. Serum levels of sFAS were determined by ELISA. sFas levels greater than mean (normals)+2 SD were considered as elevated. RESULTS The mean sFas values were found higher in RA, PM/DM and OA than in control although no differences were found in SSc and SS patients. The mean sFas levels in SLE patients were lower than healthy controls. Elevated sFas rates in RA, PM/DM and SS were found to be 21.4%, 60%, 10% higher than in healthy controls, respectively. sFas levels in SLE and SSc did not differ from control values. Mean sFas levels did not show significant difference between active and inactive patients in all disease groups except PM/DM, RA and OA. No correlations of sFas with relevant disease subsets, laboratory findings and treatment modalities were found. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the serum sFas molecule may provide a useful additional marker for presence and assessment of disease in patients with RA and PM/DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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