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Kim SY, Park IH, Byun CS, Choi HG, Kwon MJ, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kim CW. Associations between Peritonsillar Abscess and Deep Neck Infection in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Two Nested Case-Control Studies Using a National Health Screening Cohort. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2166. [PMID: 38673440 PMCID: PMC11050854 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Introduction: Odontogenic infection is one of the main etiologies of deep neck infection (DNI). However, the relationship between chronic periodontitis (CP) and the incidence of DNI has not been examined. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of DNI and peritonsillar abscess (PTA) after CP. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort 2002-2019 was used. In Study I, 4585 PTA patients were matched with 19,340 control I participants. A previous history of CP for 1 year was collected, and the odds ratios (ORs) of CP for PTA were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. In Study II, 46,293 DNI patients and 185,172 control II participants were matched. A previous history of CP for 1 year was collected, and conditional logistic regression was conducted for the ORs of CP for DNI. Secondary analyses were conducted in demographic, socioeconomic, and comorbidity subgroups. Results: In Study I, a history of CP was not related to the incidence of PTA (adjusted OR = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.91-1.81). In Study II, the incidence of DNI was greater in participants with a history of CP (adjusted OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.41-1.71). The relationship between CP history and DNI was greater in groups with young, male, low-income, and rural residents. Conclusions: A prior history of CP was associated with a high incidence of DNI in the general population of Korea. Patients with CP need to be managed for the potential risk of DNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Il Hwan Park
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (I.H.P.); (C.S.B.)
| | - Chun Sung Byun
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (I.H.P.); (C.S.B.)
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Mdanalytics, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea;
- Suseoseoulent Clinic, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang Wan Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (I.H.P.); (C.S.B.)
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Kandaswamy E, Lee CT, Gururaj SB, Shivanaikar S, Joshi VM. Association of adipokine levels with obesity in periodontal health and disease: A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38594806 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the levels of serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and salivary adipokines and their possible relationship with periodontitis and obesity. An electronic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, and EBSCOhost through February 2023. Two independent reviewers screened the titles, abstracts, and full text of all the studies. Studies comparing the levels of adipokines in GCF, serum, and/or saliva in subjects with obesity and periodontitis (group 1), subjects with normal weight and periodontitis (group 2), and subjects with obesity and gingival health (group 3) were included. Meta-analyses and meta-regression were performed on the data from included studies. Seventeen studies with study participants ranging from 30 to 120 were included with subjects in each group ranging from 10 to 40. There was a significant increase in levels of serum TNF-α, leptin, IL-6, and CRP between groups 1 and 2 (p < .05). In GCF, TNF-α and resistin levels were significantly higher (p < .05) in Group 1 vs. 2. Serum level of leptin was higher for group 1 vs. 3 (p < .05). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the obesity definition (body mass index (BMI) cut-off value >25 or >30) was significant for serum resistin (p < .05) and GCF resistin (p < .05) between group 1 and 2. The current analysis indicates that both periodontitis and obesity can modulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines at systemic and local levels. This bidirectional interaction of periodontitis and obesity via the inflammation pathway seems likely plausible. Further studies are required to elucidate this mechanism in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Kandaswamy
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Chun-Teh Lee
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Soumya Bardvalli Gururaj
- Department of Periodontics, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sachin Shivanaikar
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal's Nathajirao G Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinayak M Joshi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Lee NE, Yoo DM, Han KM, Kang HS, Kim JH, Kim JH, Bang WJ, Choi HG, Kim NY, Park HY, Kwon MJ. Investigating the Connection between Chronic Periodontitis and Parkinson's Disease: Findings from a Korean National Cohort Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:792. [PMID: 38672147 PMCID: PMC11048377 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests a potential relevance between chronic periodontitis (CP) and Parkinson's disease (PD), raising concerns about comorbid PD among elderly CP patients. However, the epidemiologic basis for this association remains unclear. Employing a nested case-control design, this study explored the association between CP and subsequent PD occurrences in Korean adults, leveraging a validated national population-based dataset covering the period from 2002 to 2019. It included 8794 PD patients and 35,176 matched control individuals, established through propensity score matching for age, sex, residential area, and income. Baseline characteristics were compared using standardized differences, and logistic regression was employed to assess the impact of CP histories on PD likelihood while controlling for covariates. We performed a thorough examination of CP events within both 1-year and 2-year intervals preceding the index date, incorporating subgroup analyses. Our analysis revealed no statistically significant association between CP history and PD development overall. However, subgroup analysis revealed a slightly increased likelihood of PD development among CP individuals with a high disease burden (Charlson Comorbidity Index score ≥ 2). In conclusion, although our study did not find a significant overall association between CP history and PD development, the elevated likelihood of PD in subgroups with high disease burden may suggest that comorbidities influence PD probability among certain CP patients. Considering comorbid conditions in PD screening for some individuals with CP may be also important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Eun Lee
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (N.-E.L.); (D.M.Y.); (K.M.H.)
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences for Convergence Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Myoung Yoo
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (N.-E.L.); (D.M.Y.); (K.M.H.)
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences for Convergence Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Han
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (N.-E.L.); (D.M.Y.); (K.M.H.)
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences for Convergence Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Suk Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Bang
- Department of Urology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Suseo Seoul E.N.T. Clinic, 10, Bamgogae-ro 1-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea;
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ha Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mi Jung Kwon
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences for Convergence Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
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Yang K, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Liu X, Jia Z, Ying Z, Liu W. Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease based on bioinformatics analysis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:366-380. [PMID: 38189472 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE As a chronic inflammatory disease, periodontitis threatens oral health and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is growing evidence that these two diseases are closely related. However, current research is still incomplete in understanding the common genes and common mechanisms between periodontitis and AD. In this study, we aimed to identify common genes in periodontitis and AD and analyze the relationship between crucial genes and immune cells to provide new therapeutic targets for clinical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to periodontitis and AD. Co-expressed genes were identified by obtaining gene expression profile data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using the STRING database, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and essential genes were identified. We also used four algorithms to identify critical genes and constructed regulatory networks. The association of crucial genes with immune cells and potential therapeutic effects was also assessed. RESULTS PDGFRB, VCAN, TIMP1, CHL1, EFEMP2, and IGFBP5 were obtained as crucial common genes. Immune infiltration analysis showed that Natural killer cells and Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were significantly differentially expressed in patients with PD and AD compared with the normal group. FOXC1 and GATA2 are important TFs for PD and AD. MiR-23a, miR-23b, miR-23a, and miR-23b were associated with AD and PD. Finally, the hub genes retrieved from the DSigDB database indicate multiple drug molecule and drug-target interactions. CONCLUSION This study reveals commonalities in common hub genes and immune infiltration between periodontitis and AD, and the analysis of six hub genes and immune cells may provide new insights into potential therapeutic directions for the pathogenesis of periodontitis complicated by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Massage College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Rehabilitation Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoju Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhicheng Jia
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhao Ying
- Rehabilitation Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Dagli N, Haque M, Kumar S. The Interplay Between Diabetes and Oral Health: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis of Clinical Trials (1967-2024). Cureus 2024; 16:e58667. [PMID: 38644951 PMCID: PMC11032430 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recognizing the complex interaction between diabetes and oral health is crucial, considering the increasing worldwide prevalence of these conditions. This bibliometric analysis delves into the extensive body of literature concerning the impact of diabetes on oral health, utilizing data retrieved from PubMed. The publishing trends indicate a growing research interest in the field over time, with notable peaks and declines. Coauthorship analyses of authors and institutions illuminated collaborative networks within the research community. Two departments at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Iran, namely the Department of Periodontology within the School of Dentistry and the Diabetes Research Center within the Health Research Institute, demonstrated the highest total link strength. The co-occurrence analysis of keywords also unveiled thematic clusters, reflecting research focus areas and evolving trends. The analysis of topic trends highlighted persistent research interests in topics, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin, periodontitis, and therapy for chronic periodontitis, with shifts in therapeutic modalities investigated. The thematic map suggests that dental implants and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are emerging terms in the field that have gained more traction recently. Furthermore, the analysis of scientific production by country indicated varied contributions, with Brazil leading in publication output. Analysis of collaboration among corresponding authors' countries identified Italy exhibiting substantial international collaboration, while most of the countries primarily produced single-country publications. This comprehensive analysis provides insights into the multifaceted landscape of research on diabetes and oral health, emphasizing ongoing efforts to understand and address the complex interplay between these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Dagli
- Research, School of Dentistry, Karnavati Scientific Research Center, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Research, School of Dentistry, Karnavati Scientific Research Center, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
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Xu X, Lu H, Huo P, Jin D, Zhu Y, Meng H. Effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes: A short-term randomized controlled trial. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:249-258. [PMID: 38115631 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole with scaling and root planing (SRP) on periodontal parameters and glycemic control in patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. BACKGROUND Adjunctive antibiotics use is advantageous for treating periodontitis in patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes. However, the effects of adjunctive antibiotic use on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels remain unclear. METHODS This short-term, randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with severe periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly allocated to SPR only (i.e., control) or SPR + antibiotics (500 mg of amoxicillin and 200 mg of metronidazole, three times daily for 7 days) groups. Periodontal and hematological parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Inter- and intra-group analyses were performed using Student's t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and the binary logistic regression models. p-values of <.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS This study enrolled 49 patients, with 23 and 26 patients in the SRP-only and SRP + antibiotics groups, respectively. The periodontal parameters improved significantly and similarly in both groups after treatment (p < .05). The SRP + antibiotics group had more sites of improvement than the SRP-only group when the initial probing depth was >6 mm. (698 [78.96%] vs. 545 [73.35%], p = .008). The HbA1c levels decreased in the SRP-only and SRP + antibiotics groups after treatment (0.39% and 0.53%, respectively). The multivariable binary logistic regression model demonstrated that antibiotics administration and a high baseline HbA1c level were associated with a greater reduction in the HbA1c level (odds ratio = 4.551, 95% confidence interval: 1.012-20.463; odds ratio = 7.162, 95% confidence interval: 1.359-37.753, respectively). CONCLUSIONS SRP and SRP plus systemic antibiotics were beneficial for glycemic control. Adjunctive antibiotic use slightly improved the outcome for patients with severe periodontitis and poorly controlled diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Xu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - He Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Huo
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsiqi Jin
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxuan Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Chen Q, Zhao Y, Xie C, Wu S, Ji W, Xiao X, Zheng X. Therapeutic Effect of a Novel M1 Macrophage-Targeted Nanodrug in Chronic Periodontitis Mice. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1677-1690. [PMID: 38478716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis is a chronic, progressive, and destructive disease. Especially, the large accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in a diseased body will aggravate the periodontal tissue damage, and AGEs induce M1 macrophages. In this project, the novel nanodrugs, glucose-PEG-PLGA@MCC950 (GLU@MCC), are designed to achieve active targeting with the help of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) which is highly expressed in M1 macrophages induced by AGEs. Then, the nanodrugs release MCC950, which is a kind of NLRP3 inhibitor. These nanodrugs not only can improve the water solubility of MCC950 but also exhibit superior characteristics, such as small size, stability, innocuity, etc. In vivo experiments showed that GLU@MCC could reduce periodontal tissue damage and inhibit cell apoptosis in periodontitis model mice. In vitro experiments verified that its mechanism of action might be closely related to the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammatory factor in M1 macrophages. GLU@MCC could effectively reduce the damage to H400 cells caused by AGEs, decrease the expression of NLRP3, and also obviously reduce the M1-type macrophage pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-18, IL-1β, caspase-1, and TNF-α. Meanwhile, the expression of anti-inflammatory factor Arg-1 in the M2 macrophage was increased. In brief, GLU@MCC would inhibit the expression of inflammatory factor NLRP3 and exert antiperiodontal tissue damage in chronic periodontitis via GLUT1 in the M1 macrophage as the gating target. This study provides a novel nanodrug for chronic periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuye Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Yunshan Zhao
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
- Integrated Department, Hainan Stomatological Hospital, Haikou 570105, Hainan, China
| | - Chen Xie
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Shiwang Wu
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Weizhen Ji
- Integrated Department, Hainan Stomatological Hospital, Haikou 570105, Hainan, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
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Tan L, He Y, Wang T, Gao X, Fan W, Fan B. A Mendelian randomization study between chronic periodontitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:346-354. [PMID: 38102730 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Observational studies have suggested a potential association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis (CP). However, these studies are prone to confounding factors. The aim of this study was to assess the causal relationship between NAFLD and CP using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method. METHODS Datasets of CP and NAFLD were retrieved from the European database, and instrumental variables (IVs) related to exposure were selected for the MR analysis. Sensitivity tests, including heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests, were conducted to ensure the consistency of the selected IVs, following which the analysis results were visualized. RESULTS Genetic variants associated with CP and NAFLD were identified as IVs, and the MR assessment was performed using the summary data (CP: 3046 cases and 195 395 controls; NAFLD: 894 cases and 217 898 controls). CP increased the risk of NAFLD (inverse variance weighted [IVW], b = 0.132 > 0, p = .006 < .05), whereas the reverse was not observed (IVW, b = -0.024 < 0, p = .081 > .05). The sensitivity analysis indicated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSION The MR analysis suggested that CP could increase the risk of NAFLD among European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunbo He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianhua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Manzoor M, Leskelä J, Pietiäinen M, Martinez-Majander N, Könönen E, Niiranen T, Lahti L, Sinisalo J, Putaala J, Pussinen PJ, Paju S. Shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oral microbiome in gingivitis: a nested case-control study. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2330867. [PMID: 38528961 PMCID: PMC10962305 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2330867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gingivitis, i.e. inflammation of the gums, is often induced by dentalplaque. However, its exact link to the oral microbiota remains unclear. Methods In a case-control study involving 120 participants, comprising 60 cases and 60 controls (mean age (SD) 36.6 (7.6) years; 50% males), nested within a prospective multicentre cohort study, we examined theoral microbiome composition of gingivitis patients and their controlsusing shotgun metagenomic sequencing of saliva samples. Participants underwent clinical and radiographic oral health examinations, including bleeding on probing (BOP), at six tooth sites. BOP ≥33%was considered 'generalized gingivitis/initial periodontitis'(GG/IP), and BOP <33% as 'healthy and localized gingivitis'(H/LG). Functional potential was inferred using HUMANn3. Results GG/IP exhibited an increase in the abundance of Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, Aggregatibacter, Corynebacterium, Olsenella, and Treponema, whereas H/LG exhibited an increased abundance of Candidatus Nanosynbacter. Nineteen bacterial species and fourmicrobial functional profiles, including L-methionine, glycogen, andinosine-5'-phosphate biosynthesis, were associated with GG/IP. Constructing models with multiple markers resulted in a strong predictive value for GG/IP, with an area under the curve (ROC) of 0.907 (95% CI: 0.848-0.966). Conclusion We observed distinct differences in the oral microbiome between the GG/IP and H/LG groups, indicating similar yet unique microbial profiles and emphasizing their potential role in progression of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Manzoor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Leskelä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Pietiäinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Industrial Biotechnology and Food Protein Production, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Putaala
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirkko J. Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susanna Paju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Bereta GP, Strzelec K, Łazarz-Bartyzel K, Dziedzic-Kowalska A, Nowakowska Z, Krutyhołowa A, Bielecka E, Kantyka T, Grabiec AM, Kaczmarzyk T, Chomyszyn-Gajewska M, Potempa J, Gawron K. Identification of a new genetic variant (G231N, E232T, N235D) of peptidylarginine deiminase from P. gingivalis in advanced periodontitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355357. [PMID: 38576615 PMCID: PMC10991804 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis (CP), an inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues driven by a dysbiotic subgingival bacterial biofilm, is also associated with several systemic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the bacterial species implicated in CP as a keystone pathogen produces peptidyl arginine deiminase (PPAD) that citrullinates C-terminal arginine residues in proteins and peptides. Autoimmunity to citrullinated epitopes is crucial in RA, hence PPAD activity is considered a possible mechanistic link between CP and RA. Here we determined the PPAD enzymatic activity produced by clinical isolates of P. gingivalis, sequenced the ppad gene, and correlated the results with clinical determinants of CP in patients from whom the bacteria were isolated. The analysis revealed variations in PPAD activity and genetic diversity of the ppad gene in clinical P. gingivalis isolates. Interestingly, the severity of CP was correlated with a higher level of PPAD activity that was associated with the presence of a triple mutation (G231N, E232T, N235D) in PPAD in comparison to W83 and ATCC 33277 type strains. The relation between mutations and enhanced activity was verified by directed mutagenesis which showed that all three amino acid residue substitutions must be introduced into PPAD expressed by the type strains to obtain the super-active enzyme. Cumulatively, these results may lead to the development of novel prognostic tools to assess the progress of CP in the context of associated RA by analyzing the ppad genotype in CP patients infected with P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz P. Bereta
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Strzelec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Łazarz-Bartyzel
- Department of Periodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Dziedzic-Kowalska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Nowakowska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Krutyhołowa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Bielecka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kantyka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksander M. Grabiec
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kaczmarzyk
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Chomyszyn-Gajewska
- Department of Periodontology, Preventive Dentistry and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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11
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Liu S, Butler CA, Ayton S, Reynolds EC, Dashper SG. Porphyromonas gingivalis and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024; 50:127-137. [PMID: 36597758 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2163613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, remain major unanswered questions in medical science. Oral bacteria, especially those species associated with chronic periodontitis and particularly Porphyromonas gingivalis, are being linked causally to AD pathophysiology in a subpopulation of susceptible individuals. P. gingivalis produces large amounts of proteolytic enzymes, haem and iron capture proteins, adhesins and internalins that are secreted and attached to the cell surface and concentrated onto outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). These enzymes and adhesive proteins have been shown to cause host tissue damage and stimulate inflammatory responses. The ecological and pathophysiological roles of P. gingivalis OMVs, their ability to disperse widely throughout the host and deliver functional proteins lead to the proposal that they may be the link between a P. gingivalis focal infection in the subgingivae during periodontitis and neurodegeneration in AD. P. gingivalis OMVs can cross the blood brain barrier and may accelerate AD-specific neuropathology by increasing neuroinflammation, plaque/tangle formation and dysregulation of iron homeostasis, thereby inducing ferroptosis leading to neuronal death and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixin Liu
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Catherine A Butler
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stuart G Dashper
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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12
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Gunjal S, Hampiholi V, Ankola AV, Pateel DGS. Comparison of the effectiveness of Morus alba and chlorhexidine gels as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on stage II periodontitis - A randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2024. [PMID: 38225885 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to assess and compare the effect of Morus alba and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in treating stage II periodontitis. METHODS A single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 180 patients with stage II periodontitis who received full-mouth SRP. They were randomly assigned to receive chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) gel, Morus alba (MA) and placebo gel for Groups A, B and C, respectively, at the baseline, 15 days and 30 days. Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and quantitative analysis (culture) of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were assessed at baseline and 45 days. Analysis of variance was used to compare the significant difference in PI, GI, PPD and microbiological parameters between the three groups after the intervention, followed by post hoc Mann-Whitney U and Tukey's HSD test for clinical and microbiological parameters, respectively. RESULTS Intergroup comparison of the PI, GI and microbiological parameters between the MA and CHX groups at the end of 45 days did not show a statistically significant difference (p > 0.05), whereas a statistically significant difference was observed for PPD between MA and CHX groups with the mean difference of 0.18 mm (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Morus alba gel was found to be effective in decreasing PPD. However, there was no difference between Morus alba and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to SRP in treating stage II periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Gunjal
- Division of Clinical Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vinuta Hampiholi
- Department of Periodontics, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, India
| | - Anil V Ankola
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, India
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Bhandare J, Mahale SA, Abullais SS, Katkurwar A, AlQahtani SM, Algarni YA, Asif SM. Appraising and comparing the role of autogenous periosteal graft as a barrier membrane in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis cases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:253-264. [PMID: 38169567 PMCID: PMC10758144 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.86720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal regeneration refers to procedures aimed at restitution of lost supporting tissue around the periodontally compromised tooth. Regenerative procedures very often include the use of barrier materials to encourage the growth of key surrounding tissues. The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of autogenous periosteal graft as a barrier membrane for the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients. A total of four data bases MEDLINE (by PubMed), Cochrane database, EBSCO, and Google Scholar were explored to identify the studies in English up to December 2022. An additional hand search of relevant journals was also done. A team of three independent reviewers screened the retrieved articles using the inclusion criteria. Randomized control trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of autogenous periosteal grafts in the treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis cases were included in the study. A total of six relevant articles were recognized for data procurement. A total of 117 patients with 68 sites with an age range between 18 years and 55 years were selected. Outcome variables examined were pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), radiographic bone defect fill (BDF), gingival recession (GR), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Data were analyzed using Revman 5.3 software. The mean differences and 95% confidence interval were used to illustrate the estimate of effect size. There is an equal effect in both groups for the PI, GI, and BOP reduction. For PD reduction, the result was in the favor of periosteal graft with open flap debridement (OFD) group. For CAL gain, radiographic BDF and GR, results also favored the periosteal graft, but no statistically significant difference was found amongst the groups. Within the limitation of the study, it seems that the autogenous periosteal graft can be used successfully along with OFD to treat intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui Bhandare
- Department of Periodontology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, 422003, India
| | - Swapna A. Mahale
- Department of Periodontology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, 422003, India
| | - Saquib S. Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, KSA
| | - Ankita Katkurwar
- Department of Periodontology, MGV's KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, 422003, India
| | - Saad M. AlQahtani
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, KSA
| | - Youssef A Algarni
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Mohammed Asif
- Department of Diagnostic Science and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Rathore P, Manjunath S, Singh R. Evaluating and comparing the efficacy of the microsurgical approach and the conventional approach for the periodontal flap surgical procedure: A randomized controlled trial. Dent Med Probl 2024; 61:23-28. [PMID: 35904770 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/147183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of the magnification approach for the periodontal flap surgical procedure helps in better visualization and better handling of soft tissues, which results in early wound healing. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to compare the conventional macroscopic approach for periodontal flap surgery with the microsurgically modified approach in a randomized controlled clinical trial. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 60 subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: group A (test group), in which the subjects underwent the conventional open flap debridement procedure; and group B (control group), in which the subjects underwent open flap debridement with the use of a microsurgical loupe. The plaque index (PI), the gingival index (GI), the probing pocket depth (PPD), the clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (GR) were recorded at baseline, and at 3, 6 and 9 months postoperatively. Also, the early wound-healing index (EHI) was recorded at 10 days postoperatively. RESULTS Both the conventional and the microsurgical technique provided a statistically significant reduction in PI, GI and PPD as well as gain in CAL. However, the microsurgical technique demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in postoperative GR as well as reduced pain perception and EHI scores. CONCLUSIONS The use of the microsurgical approach provides better clinical results with less discomfort, and thus makes the periodontal treatment more acceptable for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiva Manjunath
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, India
| | - Rika Singh
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, India
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15
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Hirkane PS, Verma UP, Verma AK, Singh P. Exploring the Relation Between Interstitial Lung Diseases and Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e53157. [PMID: 38420070 PMCID: PMC10901193 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review is to determine the association between interstitial lung diseases and chronic periodontitis from various aspects such as microbial, biomarker, genetic, and environmental levels. A systematic review was carried out from 2000 to 2021 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations including studies searched in PubMed-Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. A total of more than 100 articles were obtained in the initial screening process. Out of these 42 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. According to the extracted data, there is mounting evidence suggesting the association between these two diseases. Our systematic review raises the prospect of a connection between chronic periodontitis and interstitial lung diseases, within the limitations of the studies we included.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umesh P Verma
- Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ajay K Verma
- Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Pooja Singh
- Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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16
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Jiang J, Shi X, He Q, Gao L, Yang K, Wang T, Li Z, Liu M. Correlation between health literacy and life quality in elderly patients with chronic periodontitis. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 41:694-700. [PMID: 38597035 PMCID: PMC10722457 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to explore the status quo of health literacy and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic periodontitis and determine their correlation to understand the influencing factors of health literacy and quality of life. METHODS A total of 150 elderly patients with chronic periodontitis were investigated using the general information questionnaire, Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire, and Oral Health Impact Profile for Chronic Periodontitis. RESULTS The total scores of health literacy and quality of life of elderly patients with chronic periodontitis were 6.59±4.11 and 29.25±9.42, respectively. The total score of health literacy was negatively correlated with the total score of quality of life (r=-0.234, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that age, place of residence, education level, and disease understanding were the influencing factors of health literacy. Family history, smoking, and education level were the influencing factors of quality of life. CONCLUSIONS The health literacy level of elderly patients with chronic periodontitis is insufficient, and their quality of life needs to be improved. Improving the health literacy of patients is an effective way to improve their quality of life. Nursing staff must formulate corresponding health education strategies to improve the health literacy of patients and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Jiang
- Dept. of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xinglian Shi
- Dept. of Nursing, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Quanmin He
- Dept. of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Li Gao
- Dept. of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Dept. of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Taiping Wang
- School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhezhen Li
- School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mei Liu
- School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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Alsherif E, Alhudiri I, ElJilani M, Ramadan A, Rutland P, Elzagheid A, Enattah N. Screening of interleukin 17F gene polymorphisms and eight subgingival pathogens in chronic periodontitis in Libyan patients. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2225252. [PMID: 37347817 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2225252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is triggered by periodontal pathogens influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have suggested that anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 17 (IL-17) play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of CP.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between eight sub-gingival pathogens and interleukin 17F (IL-17F) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with CP among Libyans.Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 100 individuals between the ages of 25-65 years. Species-specific 16S rRNA primers for each pathogen were used in a multiplex PCR reaction to detect sub-gingival pathogens from a paper point sample. DNA was also extracted from buccal swab samples and IL-17F polymorphisms were detected by Sanger sequencing.Results: A highly significant association between the seven sub-gingival pathogens and CP, (p-value 0.0001) and a high prevalence of P. intermedia (100%), T. forsythia (96%), T. denticola and E. corrodens (92%), P. gingivalis (82%), C. rectus (74%), P. nigrescens (72%), A. actinomvcetcmcomitans (40%) were found in the case group compared with control group. A novel variant in the c. *34 G>A in IL-17F gene caused a change in glutamic amino acid to lysine amino acid, position on chromosome number (6) in the third exon, mRNA/genomic position 597, found in 14.6% of CP patients (p-value = 0.010) while the IL-17F (rs763780) SNP showed no association with CP (p-value = 0.334).Conclusion: P. intermedia appear as keystone pathogen for CP in the Libyan population. A novel variant in the IL-7F gene may be related to the severity of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshraq Alsherif
- Department of Life Sciences, Division of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Libyan Academy, Tripoli, Libya
- Department of Prosthodontics Dentistry Collage, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Inas Alhudiri
- Genetic Engineering Department, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mouna ElJilani
- Genetic Engineering Department, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ahmad Ramadan
- Genetic Engineering Department, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Paul Rutland
- University College London Institute of Child Health, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Elzagheid
- Genetic Engineering Department, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Nabil Enattah
- Genetic Engineering Department, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
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18
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Zehui W, Mengting Z, Pengfei L, Yuanyin W, Jianguang X, Tao W. Elucidation of common molecular diagnostic biomarkers between chronic periodontitis and Parkinson's disease via bioinformatics analyses. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1212-1222. [PMID: 37664910 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Parkinson's disease (PD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) are both inflammatory diseases; a correlation between the two diseases has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms of this association have not been investigated. We investigated the common molecular mechanisms between PD and CP and the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of them using bioinformatics analyses to elucidate the association between the two diseases. METHODS We obtained gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE10334, GSE16134, and GSE23586 for CP gingival samples and GSE20146 for PD brain samples. Subsequently, we conducted an enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. Moreover, all DEGs were analysed for protein-transcription factor interactions and protein-immune cell co-expression. We constructed protein-transcription factor, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and protein-immune cell co-expression networks using the Cytoscape software. Moreover, we identified the hub genes and investigated them for potential diagnostic value. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We identified 99 DEGs in the three CP datasets, 520 DEGs in the PD dataset and found five common DEGs in the CP and PD datasets, namely CXCR4, CXCL8, CD19, RPTN, and SLC16A9. These common DEGs identified in our study may have a potential impact on disease pathogenesis through the involvement of CXCR4-CXCL8-CD19 protein-complexes in dendritic cells. Therefore, CD19, LCP2, CXCR4, and LYN could be used as target molecules for the clinical diagnosis of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zehui
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao Mengting
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liu Pengfei
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wang Yuanyin
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Jianguang
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wu Tao
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatological Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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19
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Ye L, Lv Y, Wu Q, Chen Y, Zhang X, Su Y. Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1290-1299. [PMID: 37723987 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic periodontitis (CP) may induce hyperinsulinemia and may have the effect of on pancreatic β-cell proliferation in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the CP group and the control group (Con group). The following contents were evaluated: pathological changes in periodontal soft and hard tissues; serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, serum fasting insulin (FINS) level, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) β (HOMA-β) index; histopathological examination of islets; immunohistochemistry of insulin and p-Smad2 expression in islets; immunofluorescence of changes in the relative number of β-cells and the number of Ki67-positive β-cells. Western blotting was used to analyze p-Smad2/Smad2 levels. Results were analyzed by two independent samples t tests. RESULTS Increased serum LPS level, FINS level, and HOMA-β index were observed in the rats of the CP group; FBG level did not change significantly; histological assessments showed an enlarged islet area, increased insulin content, relatively increased β-cells, increased Ki67-positive β-cells, and decreased p-Smad2 expression in islets in the rats of the CP group. CONCLUSION Our study results link CP-induced hyperinsulinemia with changes in islets, such as islet hyperplasia and compensatory β-cell proliferation, by using a CP rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Ye
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingtao Lv
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqi Wu
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yiyan Chen
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
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Sun M, Ji Y, Zhou S, Chen R, Yao H, Du M. Ginsenoside Rb3 inhibits osteoclastogenesis via ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3460-3471. [PMID: 35976062 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine the anti-osteoclastogenic potential of ginsenoside Rb3 for the treatment of periodontitis. METHODS The anti-osteoclastogenic effect was determined using RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages followed by TRAP and phalloidin staining. Expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes and proteins were examined by qPCR and WB. Activation of signaling pathways was detected by WB and IHC techniques. Experimental periodontitis rat model was built up by gingival injections of P. gingivalis LPS. After 21 days of Rb3 treatment, rats were sacrificed for micro-CT, IHC, H&E, and TRAP staining analyses. RESULTS Rb3 dramatically inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Nfatc1, Mmp9, Ctsk, Acp5 mRNA, and MMP9, CTSK proteins were dose-dependently downregulated by Rb3 pretreatment. WB results revealed that Rb3 suppressed activations of p38 MAPK, ERK, and p65 NF-κB, and the inhibition of ERK was most pronounced. Consistently, IHC analysis revealed that p-ERK was highly expressed in alveolar bone surface, blood vessels, odontoblasts, and gingival epithelia, which were notably suppressed by Rb3 treatment. H&E staining and micro-CT analyses showed that Rb3 significantly attenuated gingivitis and alveolar bone resorption in rats. CONCLUSION Rb3 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and attenuates P. gingivalis LPS-induced gingivitis and alveolar bone resorption in rats via ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhui Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rourong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hantao Yao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minquan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Sahu SA, Panda S, Das AC, Mishra L, Rath S, Sokolowski K, Kumar M, Mohanty R, Nayak R, Satpathy A, Lapinska B. Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1576. [PMID: 38002260 PMCID: PMC10669236 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally sourced products like propolis are commonly employed for the non-surgical treatment of periodontal pockets. The use of nanoparticle formulations of these natural remedies has the potential to improve treatment outcomes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of sub-gingivally delivered propolis nanoparticles in the non-surgical management of periodontal pockets. Forty patients diagnosed with periodontitis presenting at least one periodontal pocket with a probing pocket depth between 4 and 6 mm were selected. Patients were randomly assigned into the control group (n = 20), which received scaling and root planing (SRP) and saline (SRP + Saline), and the test group (n = 20), which received SRP and sub-gingivally delivered propolis nanoparticles (PRO) into the periodontal pocket (SRP + PRO). The clinical parameters recorded were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), relative attachment loss (RAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). They were assessed at baseline, one month, and three months post therapy. The results indicated that there was a significant improvement in clinical parameters (p < 0.05) in the test sites compared with the control sites at the end of the study. The gingival index at one month and three months was found to be significantly better in the SRP + PRO group than the SRP + Saline group, with a p value of <0.001. The BOP, PPD, and RAL showed significant improvement with the SRP + PRO group at the end of the 3-month follow-up with p values of 0.0001, 0.001, and 0.05, respectively. The subgingival delivery of propolis nanoparticles showed promising results as an adjunct to SRP in patients with periodontitis presenting periodontal pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushree Ambika Sahu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Saurav Panda
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Abhaya Chandra Das
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Lora Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India;
| | - Satchidananda Rath
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Krzysztof Sokolowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Rinkee Mohanty
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Rashmita Nayak
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Anurag Satpathy
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; (S.A.S.); (A.C.D.); (M.K.); (R.M.); (R.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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Jang KA, Kim YR, Joo K, Son M. Chronic periodontitis and risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases among older Koreans. Gerodontology 2023. [PMID: 37847802 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is a relative lack of evidence from observational studies of older populations investigating the association between chronic periodontitis and cerebro-cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, we investigated the risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases according to the severity of chronic periodontitis among older adults. METHODS Data on older adults with chronic periodontitis were extracted from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort Database using diagnosis codes and dental procedures. Participants were divided into two exposure groups. Among 46 737 participants eligible for inclusion, 21 905 (46.9%) had newly diagnosed mild chronic periodontitis, and 24 832 (53.1%) had newly diagnosed severe chronic periodontitis. To determine the risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, and myocardial infarction, multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in this retrospective follow-up study. RESULTS A total of 3453 (7.4%) outcomes were identified during a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that disease-free probability was lower in the severe group than in the mild group (log-rank P < .001). In the multivariable-adjusted model, the HR for cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in the severe group (relative to the mild group) was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09-1.25). In individual outcome analysis, ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction were associated with chronic periodontitis severity, but haemorrhagic stroke was not. CONCLUSION The severity of chronic periodontitis could be associated with the risk of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeung-Ae Jang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yu-Rin Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kwangmin Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Liu J, Li T, Zhang S, Lu E, Qiao W, Chen H, Liu P, Tang X, Cheng T, Chen H. Proteomic and single-cell analysis shed new light on the anti-inflammatory role of interferonβ in chronic periodontitis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1232539. [PMID: 37876725 PMCID: PMC10590904 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1232539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a condition that results in periodontal attachment loss and alveolar bone resorption, contributes to the global burden of oral disease. The underlying mechanism of periodontitis involves the dysbiosis and dyshomeostasis between host and oral microbes, among which the macrophage is one of the major innate immune cell players, producing interferon β (IFNβ) in response to bacterial infection. The objective of this research was to examine the interaction of macrophages with periodontitis and the role and mechanism of IFNβ on macrophages. IFNβ has been shown to have the potential to induce the differentiation of M1 to M2 macrophages, which are stimulated by low levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, IFNβ has been demonstrated to promote the production of ISG15 by macrophages, which leads to the inhibition of the innate immune response. Moreover, our investigation revealed that IFNβ has the potential to augment the secretion of ISG15 and its downstream cytokine, IL10, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Single-cell analysis was conducted on the gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis, which revealed a higher proportion of macrophages in the periodontitis-diseased tissue and increased expression of IFNβ, ISG15, and IL10. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis indicated that bacterial infection was associated with upregulation of IFNβ, ISG15, and IL10. Notably, only IL10 has been linked to immunosuppression, indicating that the IFNβ-ISG15-IL10 axis might promote an anti-inflammatory response in periodontitis through IL10 expression. It is also found that macrophage phenotype transitions in periodontitis involve the release of higher levels of IFNβ, ISG15, and IL10 by the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage phenotype compared to the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This implies that the IFNβ-induced production of IL10 might be linked to the M2 macrophage phenotype. Furthermore, cell communication analysis demonstrated that IL10 can promote fibroblast proliferation in periodontal tissues via STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianle Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Eryi Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tang
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
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Wang AY, Lin GL, Keller JJ, Wang LH. Association between antihyperlipidemic agents and the risk of chronic periodontitis in patients with hyperlipidemia: A population-based retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. J Periodontol 2023. [PMID: 37793052 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects of statins and fibrates may ameliorate periodontitis. Patients with hyperlipidemia tend to have a worse periodontal status. This study assessed the association between the use of statins/fibrates and the incidence of chronic periodontitis in patients with hyperlipidemia in Taiwan. METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia between 2001 and 2012 from the 2000 Longitudinal Generation Tracking Database and followed them for 5 years. The study population was divided into four groups: statin monotherapy, fibrate monotherapy, combination therapy (both statins and fibrates), and control (neither statins nor fibrates). Each patient in the treatment group was matched at a ratio of 1:1 with a control. Chronic periodontitis risk was compared in the three study arms by using a Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS Chronic periodontitis risk was reduced by 25.7% in the combination therapy group compared with the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.743; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.678-0.815). Low dose (<360 cumulative defined daily dose [cDDD]) and shorter duration (<2 years) of statin monotherapy seem to be associated with an increased risk of chronic periodontitis; high dose (≥720 cDDD/≥1080 cDDD) and longer duration (≥3 years) of statin/fibrate monotherapy may be correlated with a lower risk of periodontitis. Hydrophobic statin users had a lower chronic periodontitis risk than hydrophilic statin users. CONCLUSION Chronic periodontitis risk was lower in patients with hyperlipidemia on combination treatment with statins and fibrates, and the risk decreased when patients used statins or fibrates for >3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ling Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Jordan Keller
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Li-Hsuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang C, Hou Z, Zong Y. Exploratory research on the probable shared molecular mechanism and transcription factors between chronic periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 41:533-540. [PMID: 37805677 PMCID: PMC10580227 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2022489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate possible cross-talk genes, associated pathways, and transcription factors between chronic periodontitis (CP) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS The gene expression profiles of CP (GSE10334 and GSE16134) and COPD (GSE76925) were downloaded from the GEO database. Differential expression and functional clustering analyses were performed. The protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The core cross-talk genes were filtered using four topological analysis algorithms and modular segmentation. Then, functional clustering analysis was performed again. RESULTS GSE10334 detected 164 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (119 upregulated and 45 downregulated). GSE16134 identified 208 DEGs (154 upregulated and 54 downregulated). GSE76925 identified 1 408 DEGs (557 upregulated and 851 downregulated). The PPI network included 21 nodes and 20 edges. The final screening included seven cross-talk genes: CD79A, FCRLA, CD19, IRF4, CD27, SELL, and CXCL13. Relevant pathways included primary immunodeficiency, the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates the probability of shared pathophysiology between CP and COPD, and their cross-talk genes, associated pathways, and transcription factors may offer novel concepts for future mechanistic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hou
- Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yingrui Zong
- Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Xu H, Qian Y, Jia S, Shi Z, Zhong Q. Comparative analysis of subgingival microbiota in patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2865-2877. [PMID: 36076344 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the suspected pathogens of chronic periodontitis at different stages of occurrence and development. We collected 100 gingival crevicular fluid samples, 27, 27, and 26 from patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis, respectively, and 20 from healthy individuals. Pathogens were detected using a 16S rRNA metagenomic approach. Quantitative Insights in Microbial Ecology, Mothur, and other software were used to analyze the original data, draw relative abundance histograms and heat maps, and calculate flora abundance and diversity indexes. We identified 429 operational taxonomic units, covering 13 phyla, 20 classes, 32 orders, 66 families, and 123 genera from the four groups of samples. Each group showed microbial diversity, and the number of new species of bacterial flora in the gingival crevicular fluid samples gradually increased from the healthy to the severe chronic periodontitis group. There was a significant difference in the relative abundance of the core flora at the phylum, class, order, family, and genus classification levels. Our data indicated a certain correlation between the changes in the subgingival microbial structure and the occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis, which might be able to provide a reference for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Qian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Jia
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaocheng Shi
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ahmed Khan HL, Murthykumar K, Ganapathy D. Genetic Association of the C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) rs1024611 Polymorphism With Periodontitis. Cureus 2023; 15:e46438. [PMID: 37927745 PMCID: PMC10622334 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To a large extent, a person's susceptibility to developing periodontitis is determined by their genetic makeup. Research has shown that chemokines generated during an immune response can harm the periodontal ligaments, gingiva, and alveolar bone. Various chemokine genes located on different chromosomes contribute to periodontitis, and one such gene is C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), associated with the rs1024611 polymorphism, which is part of a cytokine gene cluster on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Objective Our specific objective was to investigate whether CCL2 polymorphisms could influence the relative risk of developing periodontitis. Building on these findings, we aimed to compare the frequency of a specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CCL2 gene between individuals with and without periodontitis. Materials and methods Fifty participants were enrolled in the study after obtaining informed consent and ethical clearance. Clinical assessments, including probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing, were utilized to classify individuals into two groups: a control group (Group A, n=25) and a periodontitis group (Group B, n=25). DNA extraction from collected samples involved drawing 2 ml of venous blood from the antecubital fossa and transferring it into a sterile tube with a pinch of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) to prevent clotting. DNA extraction was performed and polymorphisms of CCL2 were assessed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme digestion. Results The periodontitis group consisted of 25 patients, with an average age of 39.0±0.22 years, who met the American Academy of Periodontology's 2018 criteria for at least stage II periodontitis. The control group comprised 25 individuals with an average age of 41.3±0.49 years. Regarding the CCL2 gene polymorphism (rs1024611), there was no substantial variation in genotype frequencies between the patients and controls (p = 0.695). An agarose gel electrophoretogram, along with a standard DNA ladder, demonstrated partial amplification of the CCL2 gene spanning the polymorphism site (rs1024611). Genotypes observed were as follows: homozygous AA - 333 bp; heterozygous AG - 333 + 250 + 73 bp; homozygous GG - 250 + 73 bp. Conclusion In conclusion, there is no significant association between the CCL2 gene polymorphism rs1024611 and susceptibility to periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooriyah Laiq Ahmed Khan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Murthykumar
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Dhanraj Ganapathy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Mengel R, von Rosen CS, Mogk M, Thöne-Mühling M. Correlation between crestal bone loss and PPD at teeth and implants: a 5- to 20-year long-term cohort study in patients with treated periodontal disease. Quintessence Int 2023; 54:612-620. [PMID: 37485928 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b4232527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The correlation between crestal bone loss at teeth and probing pocket depth (PPD) has been established. Whether these findings can also be applied to implants is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between crestal bone loss and PPD at teeth and implants. METHOD AND MATERIALS Thirty-one periodontitis-susceptible patients were rehabilitated with fixed implant-supported single crowns and fixed partial dentures. Each patient was examined over a 5- to 20-year period in a 3- to 6-month strict recall program. At each session, periodontal clinical parameters were recorded at teeth and implants. In addition, standardized periapical radiographs were taken after superstructure insertion (baseline) and then at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20 years. RESULTS The survival rate of implants (94.0%) and teeth (97.3%) did not significantly differ in all patients after 20 years (P = .68). Almost all patients had a PPD ≥ 5 mm at implants and teeth throughout the observation period. The crestal bone loss at implants and teeth increased continuously, especially in patients with advanced periodontitis, without a correlation with PPD. A few patients (n = 5) had a PPD ≥ 5 mm and annual bone loss ≥ 0.2 mm at one implant, with a correlation between bone loss and PPD. CONCLUSION In healthy implants and teeth, moderate crestal bone loss is present without correlation with PPD. A few patients showed progressive crestal bone loss at only one implant, with a correlation with PPD.
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Ghazal M, Ahmed S, Farooqui WA, Khalid F, Riaz S, Akber A, Shabbir S, Khan FR, Sadiq A. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of antibiotics versus probiotics as an adjuvant to nonsurgical periodontal treatment among smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis. Clin Adv Periodontics 2023; 13:197-204. [PMID: 37327229 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are viable microorganisms, which if delivered in appropriate dose can provide health benefits. Lactobacillus reuteri (DM17938+ATCC PTA 5289) has been recommended as a safe choice for probiotics. The objective of this study is to compare the improvement in the periodontal parameters amongst smokers with generalized periodontitis with Stage III, Grade C treated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) to which either an antibiotics or probiotics were given as an adjuvant. METHODS Sixty smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis were randomized in two groups after taking informed consent. Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. Group 1 received (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) amoxicillin and metronidazole for 7 days and a placebo for probiotics for 30 days. Group 2 was provided (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) with one tablet of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics (2 × 108 CFU) twice daily for 30 days and placebo antibiotics for 7 days. The periodontal parameters were recorded again at 1- and 3-month follow-ups as outcome variables. Mean, standard deviation, and confidence interval were reported using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS A statistically significant clinical improvement in the PD, BOP, PI, and GI were observed in both the groups at 3-month follow-up. However, the AL remained unchanged in both the groups. CONCLUSIONS Administration of probiotics and antibiotics along with NSPT yield statistically significant differences in PD and BOP from baseline to 3-month follow-up. However, between the group differences were not statistically significant for the periodontal parameters (AL, PD, and BOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Ghazal
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmed
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr. Ishratul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Fizza Khalid
- Department of Periodontology, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sania Riaz
- Department of Periodontology, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ather Akber
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sumaiya Shabbir
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Raza Khan
- Department of Surgery, Section Dentistry, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sadiq
- Department of Surgery, Section Dentistry, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Ghosh S, Buyyanapragada GC, Gavali N, Ismail M, Elangovan R, Sri Lakshmi NR. Effects of Scaling and Root Planing on Salivary Interleukine-6 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis Patients and Glycemic Controls. Cureus 2023; 15:e45388. [PMID: 37854742 PMCID: PMC10579968 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis have a bidirectional relationship that is well documented in many reviews and epidemiological studies. Periodontitis has been referred to as the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. Various studies showed improvement in Interleukin-6 levels as well as metabolic parameters after non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 DM. Objective: To evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) on salivary levels of IL-6 and assessment of clinical parameters in CP patients with and without T2DM. METHODS We included 50 CP patients with well-controlled T2DM (Group I), and 50 CP patients without T2DM as controls (Group II) with evident clinical inflammation, ≥ 5mm probing depth (PD) and a relative attachment level (RAL) of ≥ 5mm. Following a brief medical and dental history plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (BI), PD, and RAL were recorded, and an unstimulated saliva was collected. Following SRP therapy, the clinical parameters and IL-6 levels were measured after seven days, 14 days, and 30 days. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were carried out using a paired t-test and an independent t-test. The statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Data were analyzed using computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v. 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). RESULTS Intergroup comparisons of IL-6 levels at different intervals showed a significantly higher reduction in Group II than in Group I (p=0.000). While the mean difference in the GI scores from baseline to 30 days was significantly higher in Group I patients (p=0.000), the difference in the mean PI (p=0.004), mean BI (p=0.000), mean PD (p=0.000) and mean RAL scores (p=0.000) were significantly higher in Group II patients. CONCLUSION This study indicates that scaling and root planing is effective in glycemic control and also has a role to play in the level of salivary IL-6 in periodontal health and T2DM with chronic periodontitis. Elevated salivary IL-6 levels indicate periodontal inflammation which is further increased in T2DM patients. Hence, elevated IL-6 can be considered a marker of periodontal destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Ghosh
- Periodontology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, IND
| | | | - Neelam Gavali
- Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (deemed to be) University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Mohammad Ismail
- Periodontology, Mithila Minority Dental College and Hospital, Darbhanga, IND
| | - Ramnath Elangovan
- Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda, Kigali, RWA
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Dhulipalla R, Sowjanya CL, Kolaparthy L, Boyapati R, Adurty C, Marella Y. Estimation of Serum 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Chronic Periodontitis. Cureus 2023; 15:e45896. [PMID: 37885557 PMCID: PMC10598610 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major trials in the field of periodontics include a thorough understanding of its pathophysiology and the interplay between host response and periodontal factors. Certain factors such as vitamin D play a crucial role in immune regulation and their depletion is known to contribute to the onset of periodontitis. Research efforts continue to unravel the impact of elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α on osteoclastogenesis in periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised a total of 64 participants, with 33 men and 31 women, including 32 individuals with chronic periodontitis and 32 people without the condition. ELISA was employed to determine the concentrations of TNF-α and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D) in the participants. Clinical attachment levels, probing pocket depth, gingival bleeding index, and plaque index were meticulously measured. Subsequent to data collection, appropriate statistical tests were conducted. RESULTS The mean serum levels of 1,25(OH)2D in test and control groups are 173.59 ± 52.60 and 401.47 ± 99.81, respectively. The mean serum levels of TNF-α in the test and control groups are 1078.09 ± 231.51 and 204.75 ± 68.31, respectively. The TNF-α levels exhibited a statistically significant difference between test and control groups (p = 0.0001) at a 5% level of significance. CONCLUSION Decreased levels of 1,25(OH)2D led to increased values of periodontal parameters. There was also a significant increase in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ch L Sowjanya
- Periodontology, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, IND
| | | | | | | | - Yamuna Marella
- Periodontology, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, IND
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Kwon MJ, Kang HS, Kim MJ, Kim NY, Choi HG, Lim H. Chronic Periodontitis and the Potential Likelihood of Gastric Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study in the Korean Population Utilizing a National Health Sample Cohort. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3974. [PMID: 37568790 PMCID: PMC10417201 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There is limited information regarding the potential association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and gastric cancer, especially in the Korean population. This study aimed to explore this relationship. This nested case-control study analyzed data from 10,174 patients with gastric cancer and 40,696 controls from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort using propensity score matching. Standardized differences were used to compare baseline characteristics between study groups. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for confounders were conducted to assess the association between history of CP and gastric cancer occurrence. CP histories and comprehensive subgroup analyses in the 1- and 2-year periods preceding the index date were evaluated. Individuals with a history of CP within the 1-year and 2-year periods showed an increased likelihood of developing gastric cancer. Subgroup analyses consistently supported these findings in male participants aged <65 years and individuals with various income levels or living in residential areas. However, no significant associations were observed among participants aged ≥65 years. In conclusion, CP may be a potential risk factor for gastric cancer development in the Korean population. Regular screening for gastric cancer may be necessary for high-risk individuals, specifically men aged <65 years with a history of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jung Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ho Suk Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min-Jeong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Suseo Seoul E.N.T. Clinic and MD Analytics, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
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Raeesi V, Mohammadi Moghaddam M, Naghavi A, Mozafari G. The effect of scaling and root planning on the periodontal condition in hemodialysis patients: A clinical trial study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1520. [PMID: 37636284 PMCID: PMC10448737 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Periodontitis is very common in kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis. The two diseases interact with each other so that kidney failure exacerbates periodontal disease and periodontal disease increases the severity of the renal failure. This study aimed to compare the effect of scaling and root planning on the periodontal status of hemodialysis patients and the healthy control group. Methods A clinical trial study of 60 subjects, 30 subjects in the dialysis group with chronic periodontitis, and 30 with chronic periodontitis who were systemically healthy was conducted. After a health education session, gingival pocket depth (PD) measurement, and clinical attachment level (CAL), scaling was performed for both groups. Then, the mentioned indices were measured consequently, at 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Improvement in both groups was analyzed by Mann-Whitney and paired sample t-test at the significance level of 0.05 by SPSS software. Results In both groups, the decrease in PD and CAL was steadily observed from the first to the third time and the changes from the first to the second and the first to the third time were significant however it was not significant between the second and third time. Mean PD and CAL in the dialysis group were higher than in the nondialysis group, which was significant (p < 0.001) for the mean PD. The mean improvement of PD and CAL in dialysis patients was 14.31 ± 10.48 and 17.60 ± 7.83%, respectively, and the mean improvement of PD in the nondialysis group was significantly higher than in the dialysis group (p = 0.008). Conclusion Periodontal treatment (scaling) causes more improvement in periodontal clinical parameters in healthy people with periodontitis than in dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajehallah Raeesi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | | | - Ali Naghavi
- Department of Periodontics, School of DentistryBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Ghazale Mozafari
- Department of Periodontics, School of DentistryBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
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Bourbour S, Darbandi A, Bostanghadiri N, Ghanavati R, Taheri B, Bahador A. Effects of Antimicrobial photosensitizers of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) to Treat Periodontitis. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023:CPB-EPUB-133034. [PMID: 37475551 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230720104516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Along with antimicrobial photosensitizers or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic approach in which lasers and different photosensitizers (PSs) are used to eradicate periodontopathic bacteria in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Periodontitis is a localized infectious disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria and can destroy bones and tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. The aPDT system has been shown by in vitro studies to have high bactericidal efficacy. It was demonstrated that aPDT has low local toxicity, can speed up dental therapy, and is cost-effective. Several photosensitizers (PSs) are available for each type of light source which did not induce any damage to the patient and are safe. In recent years, significant advances have been made in aPDT as a non-invasive treatment method, especially in treating infections and cancers. Besides, aPDT can be perfectly combined with other treatments. Hence, this survey focused on the effectiveness and mechanism of aPDT of periodontitis by using lasers and the most frequently used antimicrobial PSs such as methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue ortho (TBO), indocyanine green (ICG), Malachite green (MG) (Triarylmethanes), Erythrosine Dyes (ERY) (Xanthenes dyes), Rose bengal (RB) (Xanthenes dyes), Eosin-Y (Xanthenes dyes), Radachlorin group and Curcumin. The aPDT with these PSs can reduce pathogenic bacterial loads in periodontitis. Therefore, it is clear that there is a bright future for using aPDT to fight microorganisms causing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Bourbour
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjess Bostanghadiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Behrouz Taheri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Ira
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Soorgani NR, Khashu H, Agrawal R, Ninan RK, Peter S, Mukka N. Clinical Effects of Subgingivally Delivered Achyranthes Aspera Gel in Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical and Microbiological Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2023; 15:S693-S697. [PMID: 37654350 PMCID: PMC10466649 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_656_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of microbial origin. Local drug delivery agents help reduce subgingival microflora. Achyranthes aspera is a medicinal herb with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. Materials and Methods A split-mouth study was conducted, in which 60 sites were included. Clinical parameters included measurements of probing depth (PD), gingival index, and clinical attachment level (CAL). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected, followed by microbiological analysis of Porphyromonas Gingivalis. Clinical and microbiological parameters were recorded at baseline and after 3 months. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS Version 22; Chicago Inc., USA). Result At 3 months, Group A resulted in greater mean reductions in clinical parameters: PD (3.77) as compared to Group B (5.23), and also greater mean CAL gain (3.18) in group A as compared to Group B (5.16). Group A also showed a significant reduction in the number of sites harboring periodontopathogens as compared to Group B. Conclusion A. aspera gel can be used as a nonsurgical local drug delivery agent in patients with chronic periodontitis as an effective adjunct to SRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeharika R. Soorgani
- Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Himanshu Khashu
- Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Agrawal
- Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Reny K. Ninan
- Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sonu Peter
- Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nilesh Mukka
- Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Veeray JM, Gupta KK, Soni S, Kothari D. Comparison of clinical indices with halitosis grading in chronic periodontitis: A randomized control trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:422-427. [PMID: 37593549 PMCID: PMC10431231 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_197_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral malodor is a major periodontal complaint, but the best method for assessing the halitosis grade is still undefined. The primary objective of the study was to detect the halitosis grade in the exhaled breath using the three distinct techniques and to compare the readings with different clinical indices to find out the best method of halitosis grading. Materials and Methods A total of 90 patients with chronic periodontitis having oral malodor were included in the study. The subjective assessment of the exhaled breath (halitosis grading) was done by three different methods; using a handheld portable Tanita FitScan sulfide monitor, by Halitox toxin assay, and by organoleptic (Sniff test) method. The findings were then compared with the clinical parameters of poor oral hygiene like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (BI), and pocket depth (PD) to detect the best method of halitosis grading. Results The mean age of the patients included was 38.23 ± 8.83 (mean ± standard deviation) years. The median value of halitosis grading as obtained by Tanita FitScan was 3.0 (95% confidence interval as 2 and 4) which was then compared with clinical indices (PI, GI, BI, and PD) and the results were statistically significant (P < 0.05), whereas the other two techniques of halitosis grading gave insignificant results. Conclusion The results confirmed that the halitosis grading done using Tanita FitScan sulfide monitor is more appropriate with respect to clinical indices when compared with the other two techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Mushtaq Veeray
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - K. K. Gupta
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sweta Soni
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Divya Kothari
- Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Research Centre, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Chen YC, Huang JM, Chang YY, Yuan K, Lin WC, Ting CC. Comparative prevalence of oral bacteria and protozoa in patients with periodontitis in Taiwan. Oral Dis 2023. [PMID: 37288705 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by bacteria present in the dental biofilm. However, the presence of two oral protozoans, Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax, in patients with the periodontal disease remains largely unknown in Taiwan. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of oral microbial infections between the sites with mild gingivitis and chronic periodontitis in patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected 60 dental biofilm samples from sites with mild gingivitis (probing depth <5 mm) and chronic periodontitis (probing depth ≥5 mm) from 30 patients at the National Cheng Kung University Hospital. The samples were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Among oral protozoans, E. gingivalis and T. tenax were detected in 44 (74.07%) and 14 (23.33%) of all samples, respectively. Among oral bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia were detected in 50 (83.33%), 47 (78.33%), and 48 (80.0%) samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study, which is the first to analyze E. gingivalis and T. tenax presence among patients with periodontitis in Taiwan, revealed an association between periodontitis and oral microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jian Ming Huang
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chang
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun Chan Ting
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chen S, Gao X, Song J. Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in chronic periodontitis patients with or without type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2023. [PMID: 37282784 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this meta-analysis was to look at the differences in oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers between type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis (DMCP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been shown to be a key pathogenic component in DMCP. However, it is unclear whether oxidative stress levels differ in periodontitis patients with or without diabetes. METHOD A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases. Studies of DMCP participants were used as the experimental group and CP participants were used as the control group. Results are expressed as mean effects. RESULTS Of a total of 1989 articles, 19 met the inclusion criteria. We found the levels of catalase (CAT) levels were reduced in the DMCP group compared with the CP group. However, there was no significant difference in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) between the two groups. And high heterogeneity was observed in some of the studies evaluated. CONCLUSION Despite the limitations of this study, our results support the theory that there is an association between T2DM and the levels of OS-related biomarkers, especially CAT, in CP subjects, suggesting that OS plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of DMCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Wang C, Zhou B. Associations of blood glucose, helper T cells and cytokine levels with degree of periodontal lesion in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients accompanied by chronic periodontitis. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:239-245. [PMID: 38223593 PMCID: PMC10782297 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the associations of blood glucose with degree of periodontal lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accompanied by chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods Sixty-five eligible patients were included as a T2DM+CP group, another 65 patients with T2DM alone were included as a T2DM group, and another 65 patients with CP alone were included as a CP group. Their blood glucose, insulin, Th cells and cytokine levels and periodontal indices were compared. The correlations between each index and periodontal indices were analysed. The influencing factors for T2DM accompanied by CP were explored. Results The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of T2DM+CP, T2DM and CP groups followed a descending order (P<0.05). FPG, HbA1c, FINS, CD4+ Th1 cell, CD4+ Th17 cell, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) all had positive correlations with gingival index, bleeding index, probing depth and attachment loss in T2DM patients accompanied by CP (P<0.05). Periodontal lesions were more severe in T2DM patients accompanied by CP, and the severity was positively correlated with the levels of FPG, HbA1c, Th1, Th17, IFN-γ and IL-17. Conclusion High levels of FPG, HbA1c, IFN-γ and IL-17 are independent risk factors for T2DM accompanied by CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, China
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Ahmed N, Arul D. Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Periodontal Health Status in Down Syndrome Patients: A Comparative Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e40280. [PMID: 37448427 PMCID: PMC10336614 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontal diseases, caused by gram-negative bacteria, often begin as gingivitis and can progress to periodontitis, characterized by inflammation extending to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) commonly exhibit poorer oral hygiene and a higher prevalence of severe chronic periodontitis. This study aimed to identify unregulated risk factors in DS that contribute to increased periodontal breakdown. Materials and methods We conducted a study with 60 age-matched patients, including 20 DS patients from Balavihar Special School and 40 systemically healthy patients with and without periodontitis from Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital. We collected patients' complete case histories and blood samples for evaluating matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP8) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) levels. All patients underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy, and the samples were processed at the Central Research Laboratory at Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital. We calculated each group's mean and standard deviation and compared them using one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests, followed by post hoc (Tukey honestly significant difference) multiple group comparisons. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) Statistics for Windows, Version 17.0. (Chicago: SPSS Inc.). Results The mean value of MMP8 in the DS group with chronic periodontitis was -18.1895, which was statistically significant (P<.001) compared to the mean value of -20.3720 in systemically healthy subjects with chronic periodontitis and -21.7120 in systemically healthy controls. Similarly, the mean value of MMP9 in the DS group with chronic periodontitis was 18.6455, which was statistically significant (P<.001) compared to the mean values of 19.8540 in systemically healthy subjects with chronic periodontitis and 25.2505 in systemically healthy controls. These findings indicate that DS subjects exhibit increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines MMP8 and MMP9, serving as markers for identifying periodontal disease. The mean differences in MMP8 and MMP9 in the DS group with chronic periodontitis showed highly statistically significant levels compared to both systemically healthy groups. Conclusion This study aimed to identify unregulated risk factors in DS that contribute to increased periodontal breakdown. Our findings revealed elevated MMP8 and MMP9 in DS patients with periodontitis, indicating an increased risk for early development of destructive forms of periodontal disease in this population. Extensive gingival tissue inflammation, bleeding on probing, increasing probing depths, loss of periodontal attachment, and alveolar bone loss are all common symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Ahmed
- Periodontology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Devi Arul
- Periodontology and Implantology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
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Sitompul SI, Pikir BS, Kencono Wungu CD, Supandi SK, Sinta ME. Analysis of the Effects of IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C Gene Polymorphisms; IL-6 Levels; and CRP Levels on Chronic Periodontitis in Coronary Artery Disease in Indonesia. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051073. [PMID: 37239434 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) play an important role in chronic periodontitis with coronary artery disease (CAD). Genetic factors can affect a person's risk of CAD, which affects one-third of the population. This study investigated the role of IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C gene polymorphisms. IL-6 and CRP levels on the severity of periodontitis in CAD in Indonesia were also evaluated. This case-control study was conducted with mild and moderate-severe chronic periodontitis groups. A path analysis test was conducted with Smart PLS with a 95% confidence interval to determine the significant variable for chronic periodontitis. Our study revealed that the effects of IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C gene polymorphisms on IL-6 levels and CRP levels were not significant. IL-6 and CRP levels were not significantly different between the two groups. We found that IL-6 levels had a significant effect on CRP levels in periodontitis patients with CAD (path coefficient 0.322, p = 0.003). IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C gene polymorphisms had no effect on the severity of chronic periodontitis in CAD patients in the Indonesian population. We also observed no apparent effects of the influence of gene polymorphisms in IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C genes. Although the IL-6 and CRP levels were not significantly different between the two groups, IL-6 levels affected CRP levels in periodontitis patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanggap Indra Sitompul
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
- Medical Staff Group of Cardiology, Doris Sylvanus Hospital, Palangka Raya 73111, Indonesia
| | - Budi Susetyo Pikir
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Shafira Kurnia Supandi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
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Bhatt A, Nayak A, Bhat K, Bogar C, Nayak R, Naik S. Assessment of the effects of hydrogen water on human gingival fibroblast cell culture in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2023; 27:278-282. [PMID: 37346858 PMCID: PMC10281311 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_546_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activated inflammatory cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate pathogens. Under normal conditions, the pathogens are taken care of, and tissues are repaired. However, in periodontal disease, persistent inflammation causes increased ROS release and impaired healing. Therefore, removal of overproduced ROS using antioxidants is necessary. Hydrogen water has an antioxidative effect on cells and impedes oxidative stress-related disorders. Aim To study the effect of hydrogen water on cell viability, migration, and its antioxidative potential in fibroblasts obtained from chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods The gingival tissue samples were obtained from 26 subjects (13 periodontally healthy individuals and 13 chronic periodontitis patients) and processed. The human gingival fibroblasts were cultured and the assays were commenced once adequate growth was detected. The effect of hydrogen water on cell viability was checked by neutral red assay, while the migration potential was assessed by transwell migration assay. The antioxidative potential of hydrogen water was evaluated by CUPRAC assay. Statistical Analysis Intergroup comparison was done using Mann-Whitney U-test. Intragroup comparison was done using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results Hydrogen water was nontoxic to the fibroblasts at 24 h and 48 h. The intergroup comparison of the cell viability between hydrogen water-treated periodontally healthy gingival fibroblasts (HF) and fibroblasts from patients with chronic periodontitis (CF) showed a statistically significant (P = 0.00) difference at 24 h and 48 h. Hydrogen water also positively influenced the migratory capacity. Hydrogen water-treated fibroblasts obtained from chronic periodontitis patients showed more migration in comparison to the healthy group (P = 0.00). Hydrogen water showed an antioxidative potential. The maximum potential was seen in relation to the fibroblasts obtained from chronic periodontitis patients at 48 h. Conclusion Hydrogen water was nontoxic, increased the migratory capacity, and showed an antioxidative potential on human fibroblasts obtained from periodontally healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Bhatt
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Aarati Nayak
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishore Bhat
- Department of Microbiology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Chetana Bogar
- Department of Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranganath Nayak
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Sachita Naik
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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Chen Q, Su J, Chen X. Role of ubiquitin-specific protease 5 in the inflammatory response of chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1234-1241. [PMID: 34953100 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The systemic inflammatory response caused by chronic periodontitis is a risk factor for multiple diseases. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5) is a kind of deubiquitinase which mainly responsible for dissociating unanchored polyubiquitin. However, the functions of USP5 in chronic periodontitis have not been reported. METHODS Chronic periodontitis patients were recruited, and their periodontal samples were collected. The levels of USP5, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in gingival crevicular fluid were evaluated by ELISA. The expression of USP5, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) was estimated by qRT-PCR assay. The activation of STAT3 signaling was examined by Western blot. RESULTS USP5 was upregulated in the gingival crevicular fluid and gingival tissues of chronic periodontitis patients. USP5 expression was positively correlated with the expression of proinflammatory factors. USP5 knockdown and deubiquitinase inhibitor inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory responses in PDLSCs. Suppressing USP5 inhibited STAT3 signaling in PDLSCs. CONCLUSION Suppression deubiquitinase USP5 inhibits the inflammatory response of chronic periodontitis by suppressing STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jiangling Su
- Department of Stomatology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Bhattacharya HS, Gummaluri SS, Rani A, Verma S, Bhattacharya P, Rayashettypura Gurushanth SM. Additional benefits of titanium platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) with a coronally advanced flap (CAF) for recession coverage: A case series. Dent Med Probl 2023; 60:279-285. [PMID: 37382053 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/141919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet concentrates (PCs) are a boon in the field of dentistry. Various generations of PCs have been tried and utilized in different treatment methods, such as intrabony defect therapy, root coverage procedures, oral surgical procedures, and palatal wound healing. Titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) is a third-generation PC that is prepared in medical-grade titanium tubes and achieves good healing in the field of periodontics. OBJECTIVES Not many studies have been performed utilizing T-PRF in the treatment of gingival recession (GR). The present case series study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of T-PRF in the treatment of Cairo's Type 1 GR defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 20 patients with 34 Cairo's Type 1 GR defects were recruited. The surgical sites were treated using the trapezoidal coronally advanced flap (CAF) technique and T-PRF as a biomaterial underneath the flap. The plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI), recession depth (RD) and recession width (RW), as well as the width of keratinized tissue (WKT), were measured at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. The obtained values were subjected to statistical analysis. The values were presented as mean (M) and standard deviation (SD), the paired t test was performed to measure all the parameters, and a p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS The changes observed 6 months after the use of T-PRF were non-significant for PI (p = 0.053) and significant for GI (p = 0.016) as compared to the baseline. Significant reductions (p < 0.001) were noted for RD and RW, as well as a significant increase in WKT and a mean root coverage (MRC) of 91%. CONCLUSIONS Titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin can be used as a biomaterial for the treatment of GR defects, as it eliminates the possible silica contamination, as in the case of leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), and the need for a second surgical site, as with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). Moreover, the use of T-PRF results in a thicker membrane formation, and titanium tubes can be reused after proper sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiva Shankar Gummaluri
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Avantika Rani
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, India
| | - Satyaki Verma
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, India
| | - Preeti Bhattacharya
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, India
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Liu J, Wang X, Zheng M, Luan Q. Oxidative stress in human gingival fibroblasts from periodontitis versus healthy counterparts. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1214-1225. [PMID: 34905275 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated p53 promotes oxidative stress and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liposaccharide (LPS)-treated healthy human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). This study compared oxidative stress, production of inflammatory cytokines, and p53 expression in HGFs from patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and healthy subjects in vitro upon LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis challenge. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts were isolated from 6 biopsies-3 from healthy donors and 3 from diseased area in CP (Grade B, Stage III). HGFs were cultured with or without 1 μg/ml 24 h LPS. Oxidative stress was assessed by analyzing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial membrane potential and respiration were determined by immunofluorescence and respirometry, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P53 expression was monitored by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Human gingival fibroblasts from CP exhibited increased levels of mitochondrial p53, enhanced ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as compared to HGFs from healthy donors. Moreover, LPS exacerbated these changes. CONCLUSION Human gingival fibroblasts from CP exhibited stronger basal and LPS-inducible oxidative stress and inflammatory response as compared to HGFs from healthy subjects by increased p53 in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Costa SA, Ribeiro CCC, Leite FRM, Peres MA, Souza SDFC, Nascimento GG. Chronic oral diseases burden: The confluence of caries and periodontitis throughout life. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:452-462. [PMID: 36549902 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the confluence of caries and periodontitis indicators from adolescence to elderhood among Americans. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study explored the grouping among a set of caries and periodontitis indicators (the proportion of sites with bleeding on probing, moderate probing pocket depth [PPD, 4-5 mm], severe PPD [≥6 mm], moderate clinical attachment level [CAL, 3-4 mm], severe CAL [≥5 mm], number of teeth with furcation involvement, number of decayed teeth, number of teeth with pulp involvement, and the number of missing teeth) in 14,421 Americans from the NHANES III study. Exploratory factorial analysis was used to determine the constructs between those indicators (factorial loading ≥0.3). These analyses were stratified by age and confirmed with a confirmatory factorial analysis. We also performed a sensitivity analysis using the NHANES 2011-2014. RESULTS Two constructs were extracted. The first, Chronic Oral Diseases Burden, grouped caries indicators with moderate PPD and moderate CAL for the youngest subjects (13-39 years old), while for the subjects over 50 years, the Chronic Oral Disease Burden grouped caries indicators with severe CAL and PPD and furcation involvement. The second construct, Periodontal Destruction, grouped only periodontitis indicators. CONCLUSIONS Caries and periodontitis indicators grouped consistently across the different age ranges in lapse times of 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susilena Arouche Costa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- Section for Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Claudia Costa Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Fábio Renato Manzolli Leite
- Section for Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marco A Peres
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Gustavo G Nascimento
- Section for Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Kou Y, Jiang Y, Liu S, Yang P, Lu Y, Liu H, Li M. Regulatory T cells showed characteristics of T helper-17(Th17) cells in mice periodontitis model. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1149-1162. [PMID: 34741371 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the regulatory role of Th17-Treg balance in periodontitis and further reveal Treg plasticity. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental periodontitis model was established by ligation and injection of Pg-LPS. Inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA and RT-PCR. Alveolar bone absorption was evaluated by micro-CT and histomorphology. Quantities of Treg and Th17 cell and their related gene expression were examined. Furthermore, after magnetic bead-sorting spleen Treg cells, Treg/Th17 characteristic genes were explored. Immunofluorescence double staining of Foxp3 and IL-17 was conducted to further reveal Treg plasticity. RESULTS Inflammatory cytokines in serum and gingival tissue increased significantly in periodontitis, which revealed obvious crestal bone loss. Further analysis showed that the number of Th17 cells and expression of related genes increased more significantly than Treg cells, demonstrating Treg-Th17 imbalance. Flow cytometry showed that the proportions of Treg cells in the blood and spleen were lower in periodontitis group. Furthermore, Foxp3 was downregulated, and Rorc/ IL-17A were increased in Treg cells of periodontitis group. Immunofluorescence double staining showed significantly increased number of IL-17+Foxp3+ cells in periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS These results provided evidence that Treg cells showed characteristics of Th17 cells in mice with periodontitis, although its mechanisms require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Kou
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yupu Lu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minqi Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Fuentes-Lerma MG, Zamora-Pérez AL, Robles-Gómez C, Guerrero-Velázquez C, Peregrina-Sandoval J, Gutiérrez-Angulo M, Mariaud-Schmidt RP. Serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis in the Mexican population is not related to the severity of the disease. Biomedica 2023; 43:61-68. [PMID: 37167463 PMCID: PMC10476647 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, the effects of excess of nitric oxide, may contribute to the symptoms of periodontitis. Objective: To determine the serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and to compare it with a healthy subject group from the Mexican population. Materials and methods: A case and control study was performed. Sixty-nine individuals were recruited from the Clínica de Posgrado de Periodoncia of the Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Patients with clinical features of generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP group, n=19), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP group, n=11), and a group of healthy subjects (HS group, n=39) were included in the study. Informed consent was obtained from each subject, and serum nitric oxide concentration was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Nitric oxide concentration in the study groups was greater in the GCP group (462.57 ± 16.57 μmol/L) than in the GAP group (433.84 ± 18.61 μmol/L) and the HS group (422.46 ± 12.07 μmol/L). A comparison using Student’s t-test (one-tailed) between healthy subjects and generalized chronic periodontitis showed borderline significance (p<0.04), whereas no significant differences were observed in HS and GAP groups, with a p-value of 0.64, and the GAP vs. GCP p-value was 0.33. Conclusion: The serum nitric oxide concentration observed in the present study suggests that nitric oxide plays a major role in the inflammatory process, which cannot necessarily be linked to the severity of the disease and periodontal tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Graciela Fuentes-Lerma
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Ana Lourdes Zamora-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Cecilia Robles-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Celia Guerrero-Velázquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Jorge Peregrina-Sandoval
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Melva Gutiérrez-Angulo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Rocío Patricia Mariaud-Schmidt
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
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Zhou K, Xie J, Su Y, Fang J. Lactobacillus reuteri for chronic periodontitis: focus on underlying mechanisms and future perspectives. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-28. [PMID: 36856460 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2183617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis is a common oral disorder caused by pathogenic bacteria. Despite the wide use of antibiotics as the conventional adjunctive treatment, the challenges of increased antibiotic resistance and limited therapeutic effect receive considerable attention and the developments of alternative treatments gain increasing consideration. Growing evidence showed that Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) may represent a promising alternative adjunct for chronic periodontitis. It can attenuate inflammation and reduce tissue disruption. LR-assisted treatment has been shown to be effective and relatively safe in multiple clinical trials, and accumulating evidence suggests its significant biological roles. In the current review, we focus on capturing the underlying mechanisms of LR involved in chronic periodontitis, thereby representing a scientific foundation for LR-assisted therapy. Furthermore, we point out the challenges and future directions for further clinical trials to improve the clinical applicability for LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiaman Xie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingxian Fang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Verma UP, Singh P, Verma AK. Correlation Between Chronic Periodontitis and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e36476. [PMID: 37090288 PMCID: PMC10117959 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is associated with many systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and pulmonary diseases. Interestingly, recent literature suggests that periodontal disease might be a risk factor for various cancers such as lung, colon, oesophageal, head, and neck cancers. However, the precise mechanistic link is lacking. Hence, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the correlation between periodontal disease and lung cancer in periodontally diseased patients. Data were searched for relevant studies from 2010 to 2022. We correlated periodontal disease and lung cancer based on adjusted ORs/HRs and associated CIs. I2 statistic was used to assess statistical heterogeneity. Publication bias was analyzed by visually inspecting the symmetry of the funnel plot and Egger's test. The study is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration no: CRD42023390819). A total of 194,850 participants from observational studies (two case-control studies and five cohort studies) were incorporated for the current analysis. The meta-analysis of included studies showed an overall effect size (risk ratio) of the periodontal disease group with respect to the non-periodontal disease group for lung neoplasm to be 1.41 (95% CI: 1.32-1.52). The value was more than 1, indicating that the periodontal disease group had a relatively higher lung cancer prevalence than the non-periodontal disease group. Further, the overall risk ratio was found to be statistically significant (p<0.00001). Moreover, the funnel plot suggested some degree of publication bias. Evidence in our study implicated that there is an increased risk of occurrence of lung cancer in chronic periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh P Verma
- Department of Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ajay K Verma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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