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Bucci T, Cardamone C, Triggiani M, Ames PRJ, Lip GYH. Risk of death, thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation and systemic autoimmune diseases: an analysis from a global federated dataset. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:942-950. [PMID: 38446151 PMCID: PMC11108877 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-024-02426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence showing that systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) are associated with a high risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the impact of SAD on the clinical course of AF patients is largely unknown. METHODS Retrospective cohort study within a federated healthcare network (TriNetX). Using ICD codes, AF patients on anticoagulant therapy were categorized according to the presence of SAD (M32: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE); M33: Dermato-polymyositis (DMP); M34: Systemic Sclerosis (SSc); M35: Sjogren syndrome). The primary outcomes were the 5-year risks of (1) all-cause death, (2) thrombotic events (ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism), and (3) bleeding (intracranial (ICH) and gastrointestinal (GI)). Secondary outcomes were each component of the primary outcomes. Cox regression analysis after propensity score matching (PSM) was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). RESULTS We identified 16,098 AF patients with SAD (68.2 ± 13.4 years; 71.0% female) and 828,772 AF controls (70.7 ± 12.9 years, 41.1% females). After PSM, AF patients with SAD were associated with a higher risk of all-cause death (HR 1.13, 95%CI 1.09-1.71), thrombotic events (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.32-1.43), and hemorrhagic events (HR 1.41, 95%CI 1.33-1.50) compared to AF controls without SAD. The highest risk of all-cause death and GI bleeding was associated with SSc, while the highest risk of thrombotic events and ICH was associated with SLE. CONCLUSION AF patients with SAD are associated with a high risk of all-cause death, thrombotic, and hemorrhagic events. These patients merit careful follow-up and integrated care management to improve their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Bucci
- Liverpool Centre of Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of General and Specialized Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cardamone
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paul R J Ames
- Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit, CEDOC, Nova University Lisbon, Rua Camara Pestana, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Haematology, Dumfries Royal Infirmary, Cargenbridge, Dumfries, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre of Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
- Danish Center for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Chen IW, Wang WT, Lai YC, Lin CM, Liu PH, Wu SZ, Hung KC. Association between systemic sclerosis and risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6445. [PMID: 38499699 PMCID: PMC10948904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the association between systemic sclerosis (SSc) and major cerebrovascular/cardiovascular risks through a systematic approach. Databases were systematically searched from their inception to October 10, 2023 for studies comparing cerebrovascular/cardiovascular event rates between patients with SSc and controls. The primary outcome was the stroke risk in patients with SSc. Secondary outcomes included risk of myocardial infarction (MI), cardiovascular disease (CVD), peripheral vascular disease (PVD), and venous thromboembolism (VTE). Seventeen studies with 6,642,297 participants were included. SSc was associated with a significantly increased risk of stroke (HR, 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-2.01), CVD (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.36-3.3), MI (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.23-3.77), VTE (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.77-4.28), and PVD (HR, 5.23; 95% CI, 4.25-6.45). Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly increased stroke risk in the non-Asian group (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.26-1.9), while the Asian group displayed a higher but not statistically significant risk (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 0.97-3.55). The study found that SSc is associated with a significantly increased risk of cerebrovascular/cardiovascular events. These findings highlight the importance of vasculopathy in SSc and suggest the need for enhanced clinical monitoring and preventive measures in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Zhen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.
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Pethő Á, Fintha A, Kardos M. An unusual complication of kidney biopsy: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:41. [PMID: 38308348 PMCID: PMC10837957 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidney biopsy is a routine procedure. Once an indication has been established, the benefit-risk balance may be considered. Sometimes, even with effective treatment, a severe complication may develop. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a Caucasian 20-year-old young woman admitted to investigating and treating acute kidney injury. Renal involvement was characterized by kidney damage requiring hemodialysis treatment, positive immunologic testing, 0.5 g/day proteinuria, and microscopic hematuria. Contraindications were excluded, so an ultrasound-guided kidney biopsy was performed. To reduce the bleeding complication, Octostim (desmopressin) was administered. There were no direct complications following the kidney biopsy, so we continued the immunosuppressive treatment. Histologically founded thrombotic microangiopathy. However, 1 week later, severe bleeding developed with the need for urgent surgical left kidney removal. CONCLUSION Kidney biopsy can be considered a routine procedure, and various bleeding episodes are most common in terms of complications, the detection of which is essential. Delayed bleeding complications are rare and can be caused by minor injuries. Our young patient had no injury during the hospitalization. We hypothesized that the developed serious and delayed bleeding complication resulted from effective immunosuppressive treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such case to date. However, renal biopsy in the case of thrombotic microangiopathy requires caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Pethő
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Fintha
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Magdolna Kardos
- Institute of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Garry JD, Kolaitis NA, Kronmal R, Thenappan T, Hemnes A, Grinnan D, Bull T, Chakinala MM, Horn E, Simon MA, De Marco T. Anticoagulation in pulmonary arterial hypertension - association with mortality, healthcare utilization, and quality of life: The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry (PHAR). J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:1808-1818. [PMID: 36150996 PMCID: PMC10329839 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Routine long-term anticoagulation in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is controversial. To date, anticoagulation has been found to be beneficial or neutral in idiopathic disease (IPAH) and neutral-to-harmful in connective tissue disease (CTD-PAH). We sought to examine the association between anticoagulation and mortality, healthcare utilization, and quality of life (QoL) in PAH. METHODS The PHAR is a prospective registry of PAH patients referred to 58 pulmonary hypertension care centers in the United States. We compared patients who received anticoagulation during enrollment (questionnaire documented) to those who did not. Cox proportional hazard models were used for mortality, Poisson multivariate regression models for healthcare utilization, and generalized estimating equations for QOL RESULTS: Of 1175 patients included, 316 patients were treated with anticoagulation. IPAH/hereditary PAH (HPAH) comprised 46% of the cohort and CTD-PAH comprised 33%. After adjustment for demographics, clinical characteristics, site and disease severity, anticoagulation was not associated with mortality in the overall population (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.72-1.36), IPAH/HPAH (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.74-1.94), or CTD-PAH (HR 0.87; 95% CI, 0.53-1.42). Anticoagulation was associated with an increased rate of emergency department visits (IRR: 1.41), hospitalizations (IRR: 1.30), and hospital days (IRR 1.33). QOL measured by emPHasis-10 score was worse in patients receiving anticoagulation (mean difference 1.74; 95% CI 0.40-3.09). CONCLUSIONS Anticoagulation is not associated with higher mortality, but is associated with increased healthcare utilization in the PHAR. PAH-specific QoL may be worse in patients receiving anticoagulation. The risks and benefits surrounding routine prescription of anticoagulation for PAH should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah D Garry
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | | | - Richard Kronmal
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Anna Hemnes
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel Grinnan
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Todd Bull
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Murali M Chakinala
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Evelyn Horn
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Marc A Simon
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Teresa De Marco
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
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