Winery grape-residue extract: Effects on quality and sensory attributes of cooked chicken meat

Ultrasound assisted extraction of hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) bioactive compounds for application as potential functional ingredient

The ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) of total anthocyanins (TA) and total phenolic compounds (TP) from hibiscus calyces was evaluated with the intention of using the extract in future food products. The Box-Behnken Design was used for the extraction evaluating sonication time, solvent concentration and temperature. Final results suggest that 45 min, 65 °C and 25% ethanol can be considered the best region for UAE extraction. The relative area of the peaks identified by UPLC-MS/MS in the extract obtained by the UAE are superior in 2 or even 4 times those obtained by conventional extraction, for all the compounds, suggesting that the UAE method is more effective in the extraction of bioactive compounds. The extract obtained was used to make jelly and submitted to in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation. Loss of TP, TA and antioxidant activity in the jelly with addition of extract was lower when compared to extract loss itself, showing that it is feasible the hibiscus extract application in food products.

Comparison of Differential Flavor Metabolites in Meat of Lubei White Goat, Jining Gray Goat and Boer Goat

Flavor is one of the most important sensory characteristics of meat. The development of taste and aroma can be attributed to thousands of flavor molecules and precursors that are present in meat tissues. As a result, the identification of these flavor compounds and an improved understanding of their roles are necessary for improving the sensory quality and customer appeal of meat products. In the current study, we compared the metabolic profiles of meat specimens from the Lubei white goats (LBB), Boer goats (BE) and Jining grey goats (JNQ) by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our metabolomic data revealed that the three types of goat meat showed significantly different profiles of fatty acids, aldehydes, ketones, lactones, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics and drug residues, which could underpin the nuances of their flavors. Taken together, our results provided insights into the molecular basis for sensory variations between different goat meat products.

Grape peel (Syrah var.) jam as a polyphenol-enriched functional food ingredient

In this study, we evaluated the effects of the storage time on the physicochemical properties, bioactive compound content, and antioxidant capacity of jam prepared from grape peel extract to explore its potential as a supplementary food and/or functional ingredient. The ethanolic extract from Syrah var. grape peel exhibited high bioactive compound concentrations and antioxidant activity. The jam stability (prepared with 8.9% of extract) at 14°C was evaluated at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. The jam was found to contain high concentrations of polyphenolic compounds (137.0 ± 3.2 mg of gallic acid equivalent/100 g), total flavonoids (128.5 ± 23.0 mg of equivalent/100 g), and total anthocyanins (92.5 ± 4.0 mg of cyanidin equivalent/100 g). However, a large reduction in the flavonoid (70%-90%), anthocyanin (29%-35%), and phenolic (23%-30%) content was observed during storage. The free radical-scavenging activity (DPPH-), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays revealed the great antioxidant potential of the jam prepared from grape peel extract, which exhibited significant levels of radical-neutralizing activity, especially as determined by the DPPH method with EC50 values ranging from 2.3 ± 0.1 to 3.9 ± 0.1 µg/ml. High R 2 values (p > 0.90) were obtained for the correlation between the DPPH results and the concentrations of the compounds of interest. In summary, the high bioactive compound contents and antioxidant capacity of the jam produced from grape peel suggest that it may provide health benefits as a source of natural antioxidants upon incorporation to several food industry products.

Microencapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Blackberry Pomace (Rubus fruticosus) by Spray Drying Technique

Blackberry is highly appreciated for the enjoyable color and flavor. About 20 % of the pomace is generated in its processing and often unused, presenting potential use by the food industry. Thus, the present study aimed to microencapsulate extracts of the blackberry pomace applying spray dryer process. Pure extracts (aqueous and hydroalcoholic solution) and the encapsulating agent (maltodextrin DE 10), in a ratio of 1:1 (w/w), were spray dried and analyzed for total anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, phenolics, HPLC-DAD chromatography, instrumental color and scanning electron microscopy. Hydroalcoholic extraction was more efficient (1.5 times) for anthocyanins encapsulation than aqueous extraction. However, for phenolic compounds the highest efficiency (1.2 times) was in the aqueous solution. The majority bioactive compounds were gallic acid and cyanidin. Considering that water is a low cost and ecofriendly solvent, it is indicated this type of extraction to obtain microcapsules of blackberry pomace mainly for future applications by food industry.

Grape by-product extracts against microbial proliferation and lipid oxidation: a review

The wine industry is responsible for the production of million tons of waste, such as grape skin, stalk, sludge and seeds, which can be considered inexpensive sources of phenolic compound owing to incomplete extraction during wine production. Phenolic compounds, also called polyphenols, comprise the most abundant bioactive compounds in grape and are recognized by their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Because of their functional properties, extracts obtained from grape wastes, which are rich in phenolic compounds, can be employed in the development of many products, ranging from medical to food applications, decreasing the growth of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms and inhibiting lipid oxidation. These characteristics are motivating the research for alternative sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents, aimed at decreasing the use of artificial additives, which have been associated with some toxic effects. This article provides a review of the use of grape by-product extracts and their bioactive compounds as natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents in food products. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

The Antioxidant Capacity of Rosemary and Green Tea Extracts to Replace the Carcinogenic Antioxidant (BHA) in Chicken Burgers

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of natural extracts (rosemary and green tea extracts) in frozen storage of chicken burgers. Chicken burger treatments were prepared as follows: control (CON), 20 mg BHA/kg (BHA20), 10 mg green tea extract/kg (GT10), 38 mg green tea extract/kg (GT38), 18.6 mg rosemary extract/kg (RO18), and 480 mg rosemary extract/kg (RO480). Analysis of physicochemical parameters, color, TBAR index, and sensory acceptance were performed at 0, 30, 60, and 120 days of storage at −18°C in burgers packaged in LDPE plastic bags. The addition of natural antioxidants did not affect (p>0.05) the color and physicochemical parameters of the chicken burgers. After 120 days at −18°C, the RO480 sample showed a TBAR index similar (p>0.05) to BHA20 (0.423 and 0.369 mg, resp.). Sensory acceptance did not differ (p>0.05) among the treatments throughout the storage period (p>0.05).

Applications of Wine Pomace in the Food Industry: Approaches and Functions

Winemaking generates large amounts of wine pomace, also called grape pomace. This by-product has attracted the attention of food scientists and the food industry, due to its high content in nutrients and bioactive compounds. This review mainly focuses on the different published approaches to the use of wine pomace and its functions in the food industry. Traditionally, wine pomace has been used to obtain wine alcohol, food colorings, and grape seed oil. More recently, research has focused in the production of other value-added products, such as extracts of bioactive compounds, mainly phenols, recovery of tartaric acid, and the making of flours. The most common functions associated with wine pomace products are their use as antioxidants, followed by their use as fortifying, coloring, and antimicrobial agents. These products have mainly been applied to the preparation of meat and fish products and to, a lesser extent, cereal products.