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Lee HY, Cho DY, Jeong JB, Lee JH, Lee GY, Jang MY, Lee JH, Cho KM. Chemical Compositions before and after Lactic Acid Fermentation of Isoflavone-Enriched Soybean Leaves and Their Anti-Obesity and Gut Microbiota Distribution Effects. Nutrients 2024; 16:1693. [PMID: 38892626 PMCID: PMC11174423 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared fermented products of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) and analyzed their nutrients, isoflavones, anti-obesity efficacy, and effects on gut microbiota. Fermented IESLs (FIESLs) were found to be rich in nutrients, especially lauric acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. In addition, the concentrations of most essential free amino acids were increased compared to those of IESLs. The contents of bioactive compounds, such as total phenolic, total flavonoid, daidzein, and genistein, significantly increased as well. In addition, FIESLs administration in a high-fat diet (HFD) animal model improved the final body weight, epididymal fat, total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, blood glucose, and leptin levels, as well as reverting microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, these findings indicate that FIESLs have the potential to inhibit obesity caused by HFDs and serve as a modulator of gut microbiota, offering the prevention of diet-induced gut dysbiosis and metabolite diseases associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Yul Lee
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Du-Yong Cho
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Bin Jeong
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Lee
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Lee
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Yeun Jang
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hwan Lee
- Department of Life Resource Industry, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Daero 550 Beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye-Man Cho
- Department of Green Bio Science and Agri-Food Bio Convergence Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Soy-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241231249. [PMID: 38342963 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241231249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) reviewed the safety of 28 soy-derived ingredients as used in cosmetic products. These ingredients are reported to primarily function as antioxidants, skin protectants, skin-conditioning agents, and hair-conditioning agents. The Panel considered the available data relating to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that 24 of the 28 soy-derived ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment. The Panel also concluded that the available data are insufficient to make a determination that Glycine Max (Soybean) Callus Culture, Glycine Max (Soybean) Callus Culture Extract, Glycine Max (Soybean) Callus Extract, and Glycine Max (Soybean) Phytoplacenta Conditioned Media are safe under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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Staszowska-Karkut M, Chilczuk B, Materska M, Kontek R, Marciniak B. Phenolic Compounds in Fractionated Blackcurrant Leaf Extracts in Relation to the Biological Activity of the Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:7459. [PMID: 38005180 PMCID: PMC10673464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between antioxidant and anticancer properties of extracts from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) leaves and their fractions and chemical contents. Dried ethanolic extract was divided into three fractions using solid phase extraction: aqueous (F1), 40% MeOH (F2), and 70% MeOH (F3). Both the extract and the fractions were analyzed in terms of antiradical activity (DPPH• and ABTS+•), total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids. The antitumor potential of the fractions was evaluated in vitro on human colorectal (HCT 116) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cells. Phenolics were identified using HPLC-QTOF-MS, and twelve compounds were quantified by HPLC-DAD. Finally, principal component analysis was carried out to assess the relationship between the tested factors. The results confirmed that blackcurrant leaves are a rich source of phenolics with high antioxidant activity and anticancer properties. It was demonstrated that the F2 fraction had the highest content of phenolics and the highest antiradical activity. Additionally, only this fraction showed cytotoxic activity against HCT 116 cells. It was confirmed that both the blackcurrant leaf extract and its fractions are a promising source of condensed active compounds and can be used as natural functional food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Staszowska-Karkut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (M.M.)
| | - Barbara Chilczuk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (M.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Materska
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (M.M.)
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (R.K.); (B.M.)
| | - Beata Marciniak
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (R.K.); (B.M.)
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Combined Metabolomic and Quantitative RT-PCR Analyses Revealed the Synthetic Differences of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline in Aromatic and Non-Aromatic Vegetable Soybeans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314529. [PMID: 36498856 PMCID: PMC9738111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aroma is an important economic trait of vegetable soybeans, which greatly influences their market value. The 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is considered as an important substance affecting the aroma of plants. Although the 2AP synthesis pathway has been resolved, the differences of the 2AP synthesis in the aromatic and non-aromatic vegetable soybeans are unknown. In this study, a broad targeted metabolome analysis including measurement of metabolites levels and gene expression levels was performed to reveal pathways of aroma formation in the two developmental stages of vegetable soybean grains [35 (S5) and 40 (S6) days after anthesis] of the 'Zhexian No. 8' (ZX8, non-aromatic) and ZK1754 (aromatic). The results showed that the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) of the two varieties can be classified into nine main categories including flavonoids, lipids, amino acids and derivatives, saccharides and alcohols, organic acids, nucleotides and derivatives, phenolic acids, alkaloids and vitamin, which mainly contributed to their phenotypic differences. Furthermore, in combination with the 2AP synthesis pathway, the differences of amino acids and derivatives were mainly involved in the 2AP synthesis. Furthermore, 2AP precursors' analysis revealed that the accumulation of 2AP mainly occurred from 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), not 4-aminobutyraldehyde (GABald). The quantitative RT-PCR showed that the associated synthetic genes were 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH), ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR), which further verified the synthetic pathway of 2AP. Furthermore, the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (GmBADH2) mutant was not only vital for the occurrence of 2AP, but also for the synthesis of 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in vegetable soybean. Therefore, the differences of 2AP accumulation in aromatic and non-aromatic vegetable soybeans have been revealed, and it also provides an important theoretical basis for aromatic vegetable soybean breeding.
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Vahdat-Lasemi F, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Tasbandi A, Jaafari MR, Sahebkar A. Targeting interleukin-β by plant-derived natural products: Implications for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5596-5622. [PMID: 34390063 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the main contributing factor to atheroma formation in atherosclerosis. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is an inflammatory mediator found in endothelial cells and resident leukocytes. Canakinumab is a selective monoclonal antibody against IL-1β which attenuates inflammation and concurrently precipitates fatal infections and sepsis. Natural products derived from medicinal plants, herbal remedy and functional foods are widely used nowadays. Experimental and clinical trial evidence supports that some natural products such as curcumin, resveratrol, and quercetin have potential effects on IL-1β suppression. In this review, we tried to document findings that used medicinal plants and plant-based natural products for treating atherosclerosis and its related diseases through the suppression of IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vahdat-Lasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Aida Tasbandi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Yun DY, Kang YG, Kim M, Kim D, Kim EH, Hong YS. Metabotyping of different soybean genotypes and distinct metabolism in their seeds and leaves. Food Chem 2020; 330:127198. [PMID: 32535313 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metabolome of three soybean genotypes, Glycine max Hwangkeum (elite or domesticated cultivar), Glycine max Napjakong (landrace or semi-wild cultivar) and Glycine soja Dolkong (wild cultivar), were characterized in seeds and leaves using a 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach. Expression of primary and secondary metabolites were different in seeds and leaves as well as amongst soybean genotypes. Different kaempferol glycosides were observed in the leaves but not in the seeds, and quercetin derivatives were found only in G. max Napjakong and G. soja Dolkong. Moreover, epicatechin was found only in the seeds of G. max Napjakong and G. soja Dolkong. These results demonstrate distinct adaptations of different soybean genotypes to given environmental conditions. The current study, therefore, provides useful information on global metabolic compositions that might be used to develop soybean-based products through better understanding of the metabolic phenotypes of existing soybean genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Yong Yun
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Youngbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Kang
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoyeon Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17074, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Protein Structure Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shick Hong
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Youngbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Dimocarpus longan Lour. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 29:683-692. [PMID: 32419967 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the phenolic compound profiles and antioxidant capacities of eight varieties of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) planted in the middle and upper Yangtze River area. The total polyphenols content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) of dried longan pulp ranged from 1.07 ± 0.05 to 1.22 ± 0.05 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 0.25 ± 0.07 to 0.87 ± 0.14 mg rutin equivalents/g. UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS analysis revealed 12 individual polyphenol compounds in longan. The Fuwan8, Dongliang and FD97 varieties showed the strongest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 of 1.03 g/mL). The highest ABTS+ scavenging activity was found in the Dongliang. In the enzyme assays, the Fuwan8 and Dongliang varieties demonstrated maximum α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities, with values of 97.56 and 88.58%, respectively. The principal component analysis indicated that the Rongyu8 and Songfengben cultivars have nearly analogous polyphenol compounds.
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