1
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Anlló H, Bavard S, Benmarrakchi F, Bonagura D, Cerrotti F, Cicue M, Gueguen M, Guzmán EJ, Kadieva D, Kobayashi M, Lukumon G, Sartorio M, Yang J, Zinchenko O, Bahrami B, Silva Concha J, Hertz U, Konova AB, Li J, O'Madagain C, Navajas J, Reyes G, Sarabi-Jamab A, Shestakova A, Sukumaran B, Watanabe K, Palminteri S. Comparing experience- and description-based economic preferences across 11 countries. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:1554-1567. [PMID: 38877287 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-01894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that reward value encoding in humans is highly context dependent, leading to suboptimal decisions in some cases, but whether this computational constraint on valuation is a shared feature of human cognition remains unknown. Here we studied the behaviour of n = 561 individuals from 11 countries of markedly different socioeconomic and cultural makeup. Our findings show that context sensitivity was present in all 11 countries. Suboptimal decisions generated by context manipulation were not explained by risk aversion, as estimated through a separate description-based choice task (that is, lotteries) consisting of matched decision offers. Conversely, risk aversion significantly differed across countries. Overall, our findings suggest that context-dependent reward value encoding is a feature of human cognition that remains consistently present across different countries, as opposed to description-based decision-making, which is more permeable to cultural factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Anlló
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Paris, France.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France.
| | - Sophie Bavard
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Paris, France
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- General Psychology Lab, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - FatimaEzzahra Benmarrakchi
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- School of Collective Intelligence, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Darla Bonagura
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Behavioral Health Care and Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Fabien Cerrotti
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Paris, France
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
| | - Mirona Cicue
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maelle Gueguen
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Behavioral Health Care and Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Eugenio José Guzmán
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Dzerassa Kadieva
- International Laboratory for Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maiko Kobayashi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gafari Lukumon
- School of Collective Intelligence, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marco Sartorio
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jiong Yang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Oksana Zinchenko
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bahador Bahrami
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaime Silva Concha
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Uri Hertz
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anna B Konova
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Behavioral Health Care and Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cathal O'Madagain
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- School of Collective Intelligence, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Joaquin Navajas
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela de Negocios, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Reyes
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Atiye Sarabi-Jamab
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Shestakova
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bhasi Sukumaran
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
- Department of Clinical Psychology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Katsumi Watanabe
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France
| | - Stefano Palminteri
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Paris, France.
- Intercultural Cognitive Network, Paris, France.
- Departement d'études cognitives, Ecole normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
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Macías A, Machado A, Vasconcelos M. On the value of advanced information about delayed rewards. Anim Cogn 2024; 27:10. [PMID: 38429396 PMCID: PMC10907439 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In a variety of laboratory preparations, several animal species prefer signaled over unsignaled outcomes. Here we examine whether pigeons prefer options that signal the delay to reward over options that do not and how this preference changes with the ratio of the delays. We offered pigeons repeated choices between two alternatives leading to a short or a long delay to reward. For one alternative (informative), the short and long delays were reliably signaled by different stimuli (e.g., SS for short delays, SL for long delays). For the other (non-informative), the delays were not reliably signaled by the stimuli presented (S1 and S2). Across conditions, we varied the durations of the short and long delays, hence their ratio, while keeping the average delay to reward constant. Pigeons preferred the informative over the non-informative option and this preference became stronger as the ratio of the long to the short delay increased. A modified version of the Δ-Σ hypothesis (González et al., J Exp Anal Behav 113(3):591-608. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.595 , 2020a) incorporating a contrast-like process between the immediacies to reward signaled by each stimulus accounted well for our findings. Functionally, we argue that a preference for signaled delays hinges on the potential instrumental advantage typically conveyed by information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Macías
- William James Center for Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Animal Learning and Behavior Lab, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Armando Machado
- William James Center for Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco Vasconcelos
- William James Center for Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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3
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Holt RV, Skånberg L, Keeling LJ, Estevez I, Newberry RC. Resource choice during ontogeny enhances both the short- and longer-term welfare of laying hen pullets. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3360. [PMID: 38336837 PMCID: PMC10858183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We hypothesised that resource choice during early life contributes to both current and longer-term beneficial effects on animal welfare. We investigated this hypothesis in a longitudinal cross-over experiment with laying hen pullets (Gallus gallus domesticus) reared in pens with one or four litter and perch types, respectively (n = 8 pens/treatment, all providing ample and identical litter and perch space). After 4 weeks (chick period), half the pens were modified to provide the opposite treatment (juvenile period). After 11 more weeks, all groups were moved to novel, identical laying pens (adult period; Week 16-27). In support of our hypothesis, the opportunity to choose between multiple litter and perch variants was associated with higher levels of positively-valenced behaviours, including play as chicks and dustbathing as juveniles and adults, and lower levels of negatively-valenced behaviours, including feather pecking as chicks and juveniles and aggressive pecking as adults. Resource choice in the juvenile period also led to better juvenile and adult plumage condition, and greater growth as adults. We conclude that the opportunity to choose among different litter and perch types, instead of having only one type of each, had both short- and longer-term positive effects on the birds' affective states and physical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Victoria Holt
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
| | - Lena Skånberg
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linda J Keeling
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Inma Estevez
- Department of Animal Production, NEIKER, Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Arkaute, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ruth C Newberry
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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Anlló H, Bavard S, Benmarrakchi F, Bonagura D, Cerrotti F, Cicue M, Gueguen M, Guzmán EJ, Kadieva D, Kobayashi M, Lukumon G, Sartorio M, Yang J, Zinchenko O, Bahrami B, Concha JS, Hertz U, Konova AB, Li J, O’Madagain C, Navajas J, Reyes G, Sarabi-Jamab A, Shestakova A, Sukumaran B, Watanabe K, Palminteri S. Outcome context-dependence is not WEIRD: Comparing reinforcement- and description-based economic preferences worldwide. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2621222. [PMID: 36909645 PMCID: PMC10002789 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2621222/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that reward value encoding in humans is highly context-dependent, leading to suboptimal decisions in some cases. But whether this computational constraint on valuation is a shared feature of human cognition remains unknown. To address this question, we studied the behavior of individuals from across 11 countries of markedly different socioeconomic and cultural makeup using an experimental approach that reliably captures context effects in reinforcement learning. Our findings show that all samples presented evidence of similar sensitivity to context. Crucially, suboptimal decisions generated by context manipulation were not explained by risk aversion, as estimated through a separate description-based choice task (i.e., lotteries) consisting of matched decision offers. Conversely, risk aversion significantly differed across countries. Overall, our findings suggest that context-dependent reward value encoding is a hardcoded feature of human cognition, while description-based decision-making is significantly sensitive to cultural factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Anlló
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, ENS-PSL, Paris, France
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
| | - Sophie Bavard
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, ENS-PSL, Paris, France
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- General Psychology Lab, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - FatimaZzahra Benmarrakchi
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- School of Collective Intelligence, Universite Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Darla Bonagura
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Department of Psychiatry, University Behavioural Health Care, & the Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University—New Brunswick, Piscataway, USA
| | - Fabien Cerrotti
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, ENS-PSL, Paris, France
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
| | - Mirona Cicue
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maelle Gueguen
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Department of Psychiatry, University Behavioural Health Care, & the Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University—New Brunswick, Piscataway, USA
| | - Eugenio José Guzmán
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Dzerassa Kadieva
- International Laboratory for Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maiko Kobayashi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gafari Lukumon
- School of Collective Intelligence, Universite Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Marco Sartorio
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jiong Yang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Oksana Zinchenko
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bahador Bahrami
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaime Silva Concha
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Uri Hertz
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anna B. Konova
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Department of Psychiatry, University Behavioural Health Care, & the Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University—New Brunswick, Piscataway, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of behaviour and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cathal O’Madagain
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- School of Collective Intelligence, Universite Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Joaquin Navajas
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela de Negocios, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientifícas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Gabriel Reyes
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Atiye Sarabi-Jamab
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Shestakova
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bhasi Sukumaran
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
- Department of Clinical Psychology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Katsumi Watanabe
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
| | - Stefano Palminteri
- Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, ENS-PSL, Paris, France
- Intercultural Cognitive Network
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