1
|
Signoriello E, Lus G, Bonavita S, Lanzillo R, Saccà F, Landi D, Frau J, Baroncini D, Zaffaroni M, Maniscalco GT, Curti E, Sartori A, Cepparulo S, Marfia GA, Nicoletti CG, Carotenuto A, Nociti V, Caleri F, Sormani MP, Signori A. Switch from sequestering to anti-CD20 depleting treatment: disease activity outcomes during wash-out and in the first 6 months of ocrelizumab therapy. Mult Scler 2021; 28:93-101. [PMID: 33855897 DOI: 10.1177/13524585211005657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Switching between treatments is an opportunity for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to ameliorate disease control or safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of switching from fingolimod (FTY) or natalizumab (NTZ) to ocrelizumab (OCR) on disease activity. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 165 patients treated with OCR from 11 MS centres. We assessed the association of demographic and clinical characteristics on relapse rate (RR) and activity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during wash-out and after 6 months of treatment with OCR through univariable and multivariable negative binomial regression models. RESULTS We registered a total of 35 relapses during the wash-out period. Previous treatment with FTY, relapses in the previous year, and relapsing-remitting course were associated with higher RR. In the first 6 months of OCR, 12 patients had clinical or MRI disease activity. Higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and higher lymphocyte count at OCR start were associated with a reduced probability of relapse. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study confirms that withdrawal from sequestering agents as FTY increases the risk of relapses in the wash-out period. Nevertheless, starting OCR before achieving complete immune reconstitution could limit its effectiveness in the first 6 months probably because trapped lymphocytes escape the CD20-mediated depletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Signoriello
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lus
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Lanzillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Saccà
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Doriana Landi
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Frau
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, ASSL Cagliari (ATS Sardegna)/Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Damiano Baroncini
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, ASST della Valle Olona, Hospital of Gallarate, Gallarate, Italy
| | - Mauro Zaffaroni
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, ASST della Valle Olona, Hospital of Gallarate, Gallarate, Italy
| | | | - Erica Curti
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Arianna Sartori
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Clinical Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Cepparulo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Girolama Alessandra Marfia
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Gabri Nicoletti
- Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Carotenuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Viviana Nociti
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Caleri
- Neurology Department, F. Tappeiner Hospital Meran (BZ), Meran, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Signori
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Caicedo D, Díaz O, Devesa P, Devesa J. Growth Hormone (GH) and Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010290. [PMID: 29346331 PMCID: PMC5796235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the positive effects of growth hormone (GH) on the cardiovascular system. We analyze why the vascular endothelium is a real internal secretion gland, whose inflammation is the first step for developing atherosclerosis, as well as the mechanisms by which GH acts on vessels improving oxidative stress imbalance and endothelial dysfunction. We also report how GH acts on coronary arterial disease and heart failure, and on peripheral arterial disease, inducing a neovascularization process that finally increases flow in ischemic tissues. We include some preliminary data from a trial in which GH or placebo is given to elderly people suffering from critical limb ischemia, showing some of the benefits of the hormone on plasma markers of inflammation, and the safety of GH administration during short periods of time, even in diabetic patients. We also analyze how Klotho is strongly related to GH, inducing, after being released from the damaged vascular endothelium, the pituitary secretion of GH, most likely to repair the injury in the ischemic tissues. We also show how GH can help during wound healing by increasing the blood flow and some neurotrophic and growth factors. In summary, we postulate that short-term GH administration could be useful to treat cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Caicedo
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, 36701 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Oscar Díaz
- Department of Cardiology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, 36701 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Pablo Devesa
- Research and Development, The Medical Center Foltra, 15886 Teo, Spain.
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, The Medical Center Foltra, 15886 Teo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohamed Koriem KM. Corrigendum to ‘Multiple sclerosis: New insights and trends’. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
4
|
De Biasi S, Simone AM, Nasi M, Bianchini E, Ferraro D, Vitetta F, Gibellini L, Pinti M, Del Giovane C, Sola P, Cossarizza A. iNKT Cells in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients Display Pro-inflammatory Profiles. Front Immunol 2016; 7:555. [PMID: 27965675 PMCID: PMC5127814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease with neurodegeneration and inflammation is characterized by several alterations of different T cell subsets. However, few data exist on the role of iNKT lymphocytes. OBJECTIVE To identify possible changes in the phenotype of iNKT cells in patients with different clinical forms of MS and find alterations in their polyfunctionality [i.e., ability to produce simultaneously up to four cytokines such as IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-4]. METHODS We studied a total of 165 patients, 91 with a relapsing-remitting form [RR; 31 were treated with interferon (IFN)1a-β, 25 with natalizumab (NAT), 29 with glatiramer acetate; 17 were newly diagnosed RR without treatment, 19 not-active RR without treatment]. Forty-four patients had a progressive MS: 20 primary progressive (PP) and 24 secondary progressive (SP). A total of 55 age- and sex-matched subjects represented healthy controls (CTR). Among fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells, iNKT cells were identified by flow cytometry. Moreover, the capability of iNKT cells to produce different cytokines (IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-4) after in vitro stimulation were evaluated in 18 RR (11 treated with NAT and 7 with IFN), 4 PP, 6 SP, and 16 CTR. RESULTS No main differences were found in iNKT cell phenotype among MS patients with different MS forms or during different treatments. However, the polyfunctional response of iNKT cells showed Th1 and Th17 profiles. This was well evident in patients with SP form, who are characterized by high levels of inflammation and neurodegeneration, and exhibited a sustained increase in the production of Th17 cytokines. Patients treated with NAT displayed lower levels of iNKT cells producing IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the progressive phase of the disease is characterized by permanent iNKT activation and a skewing towards an inflammatory phenotype. Compared to other treatments, NAT was able to modulate iNKT cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Biasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Anna Maria Simone
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, Nuovo Ospedale Civile Sant'Agostino Estense, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Elena Bianchini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Diana Ferraro
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, Nuovo Ospedale Civile Sant'Agostino Estense, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Francesca Vitetta
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, Nuovo Ospedale Civile Sant'Agostino Estense, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Cinzia Del Giovane
- Department of Diagnostic and Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Patrizia Sola
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, Nuovo Ospedale Civile Sant'Agostino Estense, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Signoriello E, Lanzillo R, Brescia Morra V, Di Iorio G, Fratta M, Carotenuto A, Lus G. Lymphocytosis as a response biomarker of natalizumab therapeutic efficacy in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2015; 22:921-5. [PMID: 26453682 DOI: 10.1177/1352458515604381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natalizumab is an effective therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), as it reduces lymphocyte transmigration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and induces lymphocytosis. OBJECTIVES To analyse natalizumab-induced lymphocytosis (NIL) as a biomarker of drug efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 50 relapsing-remitting (RR) and progressive-relapsing (PR) natalizumab-treated patients who had received at least 16 infusions and had been tested for lymphocyte count 24 hours before each administration. Clinical, MRI and hematological data were collected. Patients were divided into responders and sub-optimal responders according to the experience of at least one clinical and/or instrumental relapse during the treatment. RESULTS In 15 (30%) patients, an instrumental/clinical (14) or only instrumental (one) relapse occurred. We found a statistically significant difference in the mean percentage of the lymphocytes between the two groups over the first ten administrations (p=0.04). The comparison between the time-to-relapse in the groups with high and low levels of lymphocytes showed that the group with a low NIL had a greater risk of relapse (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that NIL could be a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in patients with RRMS treated with natalizumab, and that the risk of relapse may be higher in patients with a lower-than-expected NIL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Signoriello
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - R Lanzillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University-School of Medicine, Italy
| | - V Brescia Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University-School of Medicine, Italy
| | - G Di Iorio
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - M Fratta
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - A Carotenuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University-School of Medicine, Italy
| | - G Lus
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hiatt WR, Armstrong EJ, Larson CJ, Brass EP. Pathogenesis of the limb manifestations and exercise limitations in peripheral artery disease. Circ Res 2015; 116:1527-39. [PMID: 25908726 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.303566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with peripheral artery disease have a marked reduction in exercise performance and daily ambulatory activity irrespective of their limb symptoms of classic or atypical claudication. This review will evaluate the multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the exercise impairment in peripheral artery disease based on an evaluation of the current literature and research performed by the authors. Peripheral artery disease results in atherosclerotic obstructions in the major conduit arteries supplying the lower extremities. This arterial disease process impairs the supply of oxygen and metabolic substrates needed to match the metabolic demand generated by active skeletal muscle during walking exercise. However, the hemodynamic impairment associated with the occlusive disease process does not fully account for the reduced exercise impairment, indicating that additional pathophysiologic mechanisms contribute to the limb manifestations. These mechanisms include a cascade of pathophysiological responses during exercise-induced ischemia and reperfusion at rest that are associated with endothelial dysfunction, oxidant stress, inflammation, and muscle metabolic abnormalities that provide opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions to address the complex pathophysiology of the exercise impairment in peripheral artery disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William R Hiatt
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (W.R.H., E.J.A.), CPC Clinical Research (W.R.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA (C.J.L.); and Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Torrance, CA (E.P.B.).
| | - Ehrin J Armstrong
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (W.R.H., E.J.A.), CPC Clinical Research (W.R.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA (C.J.L.); and Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Torrance, CA (E.P.B.)
| | - Christopher J Larson
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (W.R.H., E.J.A.), CPC Clinical Research (W.R.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA (C.J.L.); and Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Torrance, CA (E.P.B.)
| | - Eric P Brass
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (W.R.H., E.J.A.), CPC Clinical Research (W.R.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA (C.J.L.); and Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Torrance, CA (E.P.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hadjigeorgiou GM, Doxani C, Miligkos M, Ziakas P, Bakalos G, Papadimitriou D, Mprotsis T, Grigoriadis N, Zintzaras E. A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials for comparing the effectiveness and safety profile of treatments with marketing authorization for relapsing multiple sclerosis. J Clin Pharm Ther 2013; 38:433-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology; University of Thessaly School of Medicine; Larissa Greece
| | - C. Doxani
- Department of Neurology; University of Thessaly School of Medicine; Larissa Greece
- Department of Biomathematics; University of Thessaly School of Medicine; Larissa Greece
| | - M. Miligkos
- Clinical and Translational Science Program; Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences; Tufts University; Boston MA USA
| | - P. Ziakas
- Division of Infectious Diseases; Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence RI USA
| | - G. Bakalos
- Department of Biomathematics; University of Thessaly School of Medicine; Larissa Greece
| | - D. Papadimitriou
- Department of Neurology; University of Thessaly School of Medicine; Larissa Greece
| | - T. Mprotsis
- Department of Biomathematics; University of Thessaly School of Medicine; Larissa Greece
| | - N. Grigoriadis
- 2nd Department of Neurology; Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology; AHEPA University Hospital; Thessaloniki Macedonia Greece
| | - E. Zintzaras
- Center for Clinical Evidence Synthesis; The Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies; Tufts Medical Center; Tufts University School of Medicine; Boston MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Q, Massagué J. Molecular pathways: VCAM-1 as a potential therapeutic target in metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:5520-5. [PMID: 22879387 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between disseminated tumor cells (DTC) and stromal cells in the microenvironment are critical for tumor colonization of distal organs. Recent studies have shown that vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is aberrantly expressed in breast cancer cells and mediates prometastatic tumor-stromal interactions. Moreover, the usefulness of VCAM-1 to DTCs in 2 different organs--lung and bone--is based on distinct mechanisms. In the lungs, VCAM-1 on the surface of cancer cells binds to its counterreceptor, the α4β1 integrin (also known as very-late antigen, VLA-4), on metastasis-associated macrophages, triggering VCAM-1-mediated activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase growth and survival pathway in the cancer cells. In the bone marrow, cancer cell VCAM-1 attracts and tethers α4 integrin-expressing osteoclast progenitors to facilitate their maturation into multinucleated osteoclasts that mediate osteolytic metastasis. These findings highlight the importance of direct interactions between DTCs and stromal cells during tumor dissemination and draw attention to the possibility of targeting the α4 integrin-VCAM-1 interactions in metastatic breast cancer. Anti-α4 integrin inhibitors have been developed to treat various diseases driven by massive leukocyte infiltrates and have gained U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval or are undergoing clinical trials. Testing these drugs against tumor-stromal leukocyte interactions may provide a new strategy to suppress lung and bone relapse of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Manikwar P, Kiptoo P, Badawi AH, Büyüktimkin B, Siahaan TJ. Antigen-specific blocking of CD4-specific immunological synapse formation using BPI and current therapies for autoimmune diseases. Med Res Rev 2012; 32:727-64. [PMID: 21433035 PMCID: PMC4441537 DOI: 10.1002/med.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss T-cell activation, etiology, and the current therapies of autoimmune diseases (i.e., MS, T1D, and RA). T-cells are activated upon interaction with antigen-presenting cells (APC) followed by a "bull's eye"-like formation of the immunological synapse (IS) at the T-cell-APC interface. Although the various disease-modifying therapies developed so far have been shown to modulate the IS and thus help in the management of these diseases, they are also known to present some undesirable side effects. In this study, we describe a novel and selective way to suppress autoimmunity by using a bifunctional peptide inhibitor (BPI). BPI uses an intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-binding peptide to target antigenic peptides (e.g., proteolipid peptide, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and type II collagen) to the APC and therefore modulate the immune response. The central hypothesis is that BPI blocks the IS formation by simultaneously binding to major histocompatibility complex-II and ICAM-1 on the APC and selectively alters the activation of T cells from T(H)1 to T(reg) and/or T(H)2 phenotypes, leading to tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Manikwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KA 66047, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rossi S, Motta C, Studer V, De Chiara V, Barbieri F, Monteleone F, Fornasiero A, Coarelli G, Bernardi G, Cutter G, Stüve O, Salvetti M, Centonze D. Effect of glatiramer acetate on disease reactivation in MS patients discontinuing natalizumab. Eur J Neurol 2012; 20:87-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03794.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Rossi
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - C. Motta
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - V. Studer
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - V. De Chiara
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - F. Barbieri
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - F. Monteleone
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - A. Fornasiero
- Neurology and Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS); S. Andrea Hospital; Sapienza University; Rome Italy
| | - G. Coarelli
- Neurology and Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS); S. Andrea Hospital; Sapienza University; Rome Italy
| | - G. Bernardi
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - G. Cutter
- Department of Biostatiscs; University of Alabama; Birmingham AL USA
| | - O. Stüve
- Department of Neurology; Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Dallas, TX USA
- Department of Neurology; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; TX USA
| | - M. Salvetti
- Neurology and Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS); S. Andrea Hospital; Sapienza University; Rome Italy
| | - D. Centonze
- Clinica Neurologica; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze; Università Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC)/Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rossi S, Motta C, Studer V, Monteleone F, De Chiara V, Buttari F, Barbieri F, Bernardi G, Battistini L, Cutter G, Stüve O, Salvetti M, Centonze D. A genetic variant of the anti-apoptotic protein Akt predicts natalizumab-induced lymphocytosis and post-natalizumab multiple sclerosis reactivation. Mult Scler 2012; 19:59-68. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458512448106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients discontinuing natalizumab treatment are at risk of disease reactivation. No clinical or surrogate parameters exist to identify patients at risk of post-natalizumab MS reactivation. Objective: To determine the role of natalizumab-induced lymphocytosis and of Akt polymorphisms in disease reactivation after natalizumab discontinuation. Methods: Peripheral leukocyte count and composition were monitored in 93 MS patients during natalizumab treatment, and in 56 of these subjects who discontinued the treatment. Genetic variants of the anti-apoptotic protein Akt were determined in all subjects because natalizumab modulates the apoptotic pathway and lymphocyte survival is regulated by the apoptotic cascade. Results: Natalizumab-induced peripheral lymphocytosis protected from post-natalizumab MS reactivation. Subjects who relapsed or had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) worsening after treatment cessation, in fact, had milder peripheral lymphocyte increases during the treatment, largely caused by less marked T cell increase. Furthermore, subjects carrying a variant of the gene coding for Akt associated with reduced anti-apoptotic efficiency (rs2498804T) had lower lymphocytosis and higher risk of disease reactivation. Conclusion: This study identified one functionally meaningful genetic variant within the Akt signaling pathway that is associated with both lymphocyte count and composition alterations during natalizumab treatment, and with the risk of disease reactivation after natalizumab discontinuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rossi
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Caterina Motta
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Valeria Studer
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Monteleone
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Valentina De Chiara
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Francesca Barbieri
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bernardi
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| | - Gary Cutter
- Department of Biostatiscs, University of Alabama, USA
| | - Olaf Stüve
- Department of Neurology, Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, USA
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Centre for Experimental Neurologica Therapies, S. Andrea Hospital, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Clinica Neurologica, Università Tor Vergata, Italy
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello/ Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zintzaras E, Doxani C, Mprotsis T, Schmid CH, Hadjigeorgiou GM. Network Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Multiple Sclerosis. Clin Ther 2012; 34:857-869.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2011] [Revised: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
14
|
Pharmacogenomics and multiple sclerosis: moving toward individualized medicine. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2012; 11:484-91. [PMID: 21701907 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-011-0211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Notwithstanding the availability of disease-modifying treatments including interferon-β, glatiramer acetate, and natalizumab, a considerable proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience continued progression of disease, clinical relapses, disease activity on MRI, and adverse effects. Application of gene expression, proteomic or genomic approaches is universally accepted as a suitable strategy toward the identification of biomarkers with predictive value for beneficial/poor clinical response to therapy and treatment risks. This review focuses on recent progress in research on the pharmacogenomics of disease-modifying therapies for MS. Although MS drug response biomarkers are not yet routinely implemented in the clinic, the diversity of reported, promising molecular markers is rapidly increasing. Even though most of these markers await further validation, given time, this research is likely to empower neurologists with an enhanced armamentarium to facilitate rational decisions on therapy and patient management.
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Chen Q, Zhang XHF, Massagué J. Macrophage binding to receptor VCAM-1 transmits survival signals in breast cancer cells that invade the lungs. Cancer Cell 2011; 20:538-49. [PMID: 22014578 PMCID: PMC3293160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in breast cancer cells is associated with lung relapse, but the role of VCAM-1 as a mediator of metastasis has remained unknown. We report that VCAM-1 provides a survival advantage to breast cancer cells that infiltrate leukocyte-rich microenvironments such as the lungs. VCAM-1 tethers metastasis-associated macrophages to cancer cells via counter-receptor α4-integrins. Clustering of cell surface VCAM-1, acting through Ezrin, triggers Akt activation and protects cancer cells from proapoptotic cytokines such as TRAIL. This prosurvival function of VCAM-1 can be blocked by antibodies against α4-integrins. Thus, newly disseminated cancer cells expressing VCAM-1 can thrive in leukocyte-rich microenvironments through juxtacrine activation of a VCAM-1-Ezrin-PI3K/Akt survival pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiang H.-F. Zhang
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joan Massagué
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Singh J, Kaur H, Kaushik A, Peer S. A Review of Antisense Therapeutic Interventions for Molecular Biological Targets in Various Diseases. INT J PHARMACOL 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2011.294.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
18
|
Endothelial histamine H1 receptor signaling reduces blood-brain barrier permeability and susceptibility to autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:18967-72. [PMID: 20956310 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1008816107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) underlies the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis. Environmental factors, such as Bordetella pertussis, are thought to sensitize central endothelium to biogenic amines like histamine, thereby leading to increased BBB permeability. B. pertussis-induced histamine sensitization (Bphs) is a monogenic intermediate phenotype of EAE controlled by histamine H(1) receptor (Hrh1/H(1)R). Here, we transgenically overexpressed H(1)R in endothelial cells of Hrh1-KO (H(1)RKO) mice to test the role of endothelial H(1)R directly in Bphs and EAE. Unexpectedly, transgenic H(1)RKO mice expressing endothelial H(1)R under control of the von Willebrand factor promoter (H(1)RKO-vWF(H1R) Tg) were Bphs-resistant. Moreover, H(1)RKO-vWF(H1R) Tg mice exhibited decreased BBB permeability and enhanced protection from EAE compared with H(1)RKO mice. Thus, contrary to prevailing assumptions, our results show that endothelial H(1)R expression reduces BBB permeability, suggesting that endothelial H(1)R signaling may be important in the maintenance of cerebrovascular integrity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Cox MB, Cairns MJ, Gandhi KS, Carroll AP, Moscovis S, Stewart GJ, Broadley S, Scott RJ, Booth DR, Lechner-Scott J. MicroRNAs miR-17 and miR-20a inhibit T cell activation genes and are under-expressed in MS whole blood. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12132. [PMID: 20711463 PMCID: PMC2920328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune mediated disease. Little is known about what drives the differential control of the immune system in MS patients compared to unaffected individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding nucleic acids that are involved in the control of gene expression. Their potential role in T cell activation and neurodegenerative disease has recently been recognised and they are therefore excellent candidates for further studies in MS. We investigated the transcriptome of currently known miRNAs using miRNA microarray analysis in peripheral blood samples of 59 treatment naïve MS patients and 37 controls. Of these 59, 18 had a primary progressive, 17 a secondary progressive and 24 a relapsing remitting disease course. In all MS subtypes miR-17 and miR-20a were significantly under-expressed in MS, confirmed by RT-PCR. We demonstrate that these miRNAs modulate T cell activation genes in a knock-in and knock-down T cell model. The same T cell activation genes are also up-regulated in MS whole blood mRNA, suggesting these miRNAs or their analogues may provide useful targets for new therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew B. Cox
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaushal S. Gandhi
- Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam P. Carroll
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sophia Moscovis
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Graeme J. Stewart
- Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon Broadley
- Department of Neurology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - David R. Booth
- Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeannette Lechner-Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|