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Effects of clozapine and risperidone antipsychotic drugs on the expression of CACNA1C and behavioral changes in rat 'Ketamine model of schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2021; 770:136354. [PMID: 34801642 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium Voltage-Gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 C (CACNA1C) is one of the most important genes associated with schizophrenia. In this study, 45 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of saline, control, ketamine, clozapine, and risperidone. Animals in ketamine, risperidone, and clozapine groups received ketamine (30 mg/kg-i.p.) for 10 days. After the last injection of ketamine, we started injecting clozapine (7.5 mg/kg-i.p.), risperidone (1 mg/kg-i.p.), up to 28 days. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, open field, social interaction, and elevated plus-maze tests and gene expression in hippocampus were performed. The results of the social interaction test revealed a significant decrease in cumulative time with ketamine, compared with the saline group, and an increase with clozapine and risperidone compared with the ketamine group. Moreover, results from the elevated plus-maze test demonstrated a critical decrease in open arm time and increase in close arm time with ketamine compared with saline, as well as increased in open arm time with risperidone compared with ketamine. Further results revealed a significant increase in rearing and grooming with ketamine compared to saline, as well as a decrease with risperidone and clozapine compared to ketamine. There were no significant differences in CACNA1C gene expression between groups in the rat hippocampus. In brief, the results of this study indicated that clozapine and risperidone could partially improve cognitive impairments in the rat. However, our findings demonstrated that this treatment is not related to CACNA1C gene expression.
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Lubeiro A, Fatjó-Vilas M, Guardiola M, Almodóvar C, Gomez-Pilar J, Cea-Cañas B, Poza J, Palomino A, Gómez-García M, Zugasti J, Molina V. Analysis of KCNH2 and CACNA1C schizophrenia risk genes on EEG functional network modulation during an auditory odd-ball task. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:433-442. [PMID: 30607529 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A deficit in task-related functional connectivity modulation from electroencephalogram (EEG) has been described in schizophrenia. The use of measures of neuronal connectivity as an intermediate phenotype may allow identifying genetic factors involved in these deficits, and therefore, establishing underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Genes involved in neuronal excitability and previously associated with the risk for schizophrenia may be adequate candidates in relation to functional connectivity alterations in schizophrenia. The objective was to study the association of two genes of voltage-gated ion channels (CACNA1C and KCNH2) with the functional modulation of the cortical networks measured with EEG and graph-theory parameter during a cognitive task, both in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Both CACNA1C (rs1006737) and KCNH2 (rs3800779) were genotyped in 101 controls and 50 schizophrenia patients. Small-world index (SW) was calculated from EEG recorded during an odd-ball task in two different temporal windows (pre-stimulus and response). Modulation was defined as the difference in SW between both windows. Genetic, group and their interaction effects on SW in the pre-stimulus window and in modulation were evaluated using ANOVA. The CACNA1C genotype was not associated with SW properties. KCNH2 was significantly associated with SW modulation. Healthy subjects showed a positive SW modulation irrespective of the KCNH2 genotype, whereas within patients allele-related differences were observed. Patients carrying the KCNH2 risk allele (A) presented a negative SW modulation and non-carriers showed SW modulation similar to the healthy subjects. Our data suggest that KCNH2 genotype contributes to the efficient modulation of brain electrophysiological activity during a cognitive task in schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Lubeiro
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Mar Fatjó-Vilas
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Carrer Del Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 38 Sant Boi De Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health; Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Guardiola
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Carrer Del Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 38 Sant Boi De Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health; Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Almodóvar
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Carrer Del Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 38 Sant Boi De Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gomez-Pilar
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department TSCIT, ETS Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Benjamin Cea-Cañas
- Neurophysiology service, University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Poza
- Biomedical Engineering Group, Department TSCIT, ETS Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Neurosciences Institute of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Pintor Fernando Gallego, 1, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,IMUVA, Mathematics Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Aitor Palomino
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neurosciences, CIBERNED and Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-García
- Psychiatry service, University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jone Zugasti
- Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Álava, Álava, Spain
| | - Vicente Molina
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain.,CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health; Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Madrid, Spain.,Neurosciences Institute of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Pintor Fernando Gallego, 1, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.,Psychiatry service, University Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Fu Y, Zhou N, Bai W, Sun Y, Chen X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Kou C, Yu Y, Yu Q. Association of the CACNA2D2 gene with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8521. [PMID: 32071821 PMCID: PMC7007731 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severely complex psychiatric disorder in which ~80% can be explained by genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in calcium channel genes are potential genetic risk factors for a spectrum of psychiatric disorders including SCZ. This study evaluated the association between SNPs in the voltage-gated calcium channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 2 gene (CACNA2D2) and SCZ in the Han Chinese population of Northeast China. Methods A total of 761 SCZ patients and 775 healthy controls were involved in this case-control study. Three SNPs (rs3806706, rs45536634 and rs12496815) of CACNA2D2 were genotyped by the MALDI-TOF-MS technology. Genotype distribution and allele frequency differences between cases and controls were tested by Chi-square (χ2) in males and females respectively using SPSS 24.0 software. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were conducted using Haploview4.2. The false discovery rate correction was utilized to control for Type I error by R3.2.3. Results There was a significant difference in allele frequencies (χ2 = 9.545, Padj = 0.006) and genotype distributions (χ2 = 9.275, Padj = 0.006) of rs45536634 between female SCZ patients and female healthy controls after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Minor allele A (OR = 1.871, 95% CI [1.251–2.798]) and genotype GA + AA (OR = 1.931, 95% CI [1.259–2.963]) were associated with an increased risk of SCZ. Subjects with haplotype AG consisting of rs45536634 and rs12496815 alleles had a higher risk of SCZ (OR = 1.91, 95% CI [1.26–2.90]) compared those with other haplotypes. Conclusions This study provides evidence that CACNA2D2 polymorphisms may influence the susceptibility to SCZ in Han Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Division of Clinical Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yaoyao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yueying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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CACNA1C Polymorphism (rs2283291) Is Associated with Schizophrenia in Chinese Males: A Case-Control Study. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:8062397. [PMID: 31061683 PMCID: PMC6466926 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8062397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has shown that prenatal famine exposure may be one of the risk factors for schizophrenia and that people born in famine years may be at an increased risk of schizophrenia due to alteration of the DNA methylation of genes. In this study, the association of rs2283291/rs4648635 and the incidence of schizophrenia and prenatal famine exposure at the genetic level were investigated to provide clues to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. A total of 960 participants were recruited, comprising 473 prenatal famine-exposed individuals (225 patients and 248 controls) and 487 prenatal non-famine-exposed individuals (220 patients and 267 controls). The association of prenatal famine, schizophrenia, and their interaction with DNA methylation levels was analyzed using SPSS and GMDR software. Gender stratification analysis revealed a significant association between the rs2283291 genotype and schizophrenia in male patients (P = 0.017), and difference still existed after correction by the Bonferroni method. It was also found that an increasing risk of schizophrenia was associated with rs2283291 in males (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.13-2.33, P = 0.0086, AIC = 669.7) in an overdominant model. The results of gene-environment interaction and gene-gene interaction revealed no association with the risk of schizophrenia. This study reported for the first time that rs2283291 was associated with schizophrenia in Chinese males.
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Niu HM, Yang P, Chen HH, Hao RH, Dong SS, Yao S, Chen XF, Yan H, Zhang YJ, Chen YX, Jiang F, Yang TL, Guo Y. Comprehensive functional annotation of susceptibility SNPs prioritized 10 genes for schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:56. [PMID: 30705251 PMCID: PMC6355777 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 95% of susceptibility SNPs identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are located in non-coding regions, which causes a lot of difficulty in deciphering their biological functions on disease pathogenesis. Here, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive functional annotation for all the schizophrenia susceptibility loci obtained from GWASs. Considering varieties of epigenomic regulatory elements, we annotated all 22,688 acquired susceptibility SNPs according to their genomic positions to obtain functional SNPs. The comprehensive annotation indicated that these functional SNPs are broadly involved in diverse biological processes. Histone modification enrichment showed that H3K27ac, H3K36me3, H3K4me1, and H3K4me3 were related to the development of schizophrenia. Transcription factors (TFs) prediction, methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTL) analyses, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses, and proteomic quantitative trait loci analyses (pQTL) identified 447 target protein-coding genes. Subsequently, differential expression analyses between schizophrenia cases and controls, nervous system phenotypes from mouse models, and protein-protein interaction with known schizophrenia-related pathways and genes were carried out with our target genes. We finaly prioritized 10 target genes for schizophrenia (CACNA1C, CLU, CSNK2B, GABBR1, GRIN2A, MAPK3, NOTCH4, SRR, TNF, and SYNGAP1). Our results may serve as an encyclopedia of schizophrenia susceptibility SNPs and offer holistic guides for post-GWAS functional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Niu
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Ping Yang
- grid.489086.bDepartment of Psychiatry, Hunan Brain Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Ruo-Han Hao
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Shan-Shan Dong
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Shi Yao
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Han Yan
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Chen
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Tie-Lin Yang
- 0000 0001 0599 1243grid.43169.39Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China.
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News on the journal Neurological Sciences in 2017. Neurol Sci 2018; 39:15-21. [PMID: 29327225 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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