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Abdulkareem AA, Shirah BH, Bagabir HA, Haque A, Naseer MI. Whole exome sequencing of a novel homozygous missense variant in PALB2 gene leading to Fanconi anaemia complementation group. Biomed Rep 2024; 20:67. [PMID: 38476606 PMCID: PMC10928473 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Partner and localiser of BRCA2 (PALB2), also known as FANCN, is a key tumour suppressor gene in maintaining genome integrity. Monoallelic mutations of PALB2 are associated with breast and overian cancers, while bi-allelic mutations cause Fanconi anaemia (FA). In the present study, whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a novel homozygous missense variant, NM_024675.3: c.3296C>G (p.Thr1099Arg) in PALB2 gene (OMIM: 610355) that caused FA with mild pulmonary valve stenosis and dysmorphic and atypical features, including lymphangiectasia, non-immune hydrops fetalis and right-sided pleural effusion in a preterm female baby. WES results were further validated by Sanger sequencing. WES improves the screening and detection of novel and causative genetic variants to improve management of disease. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first reported FA case in a Saudi family with phenotypic atypical FA features. The results support the role of PALB2 gene and pathogenic variants that may cause clinical presentation of FA. Furthermore, the present results may establish a disease database, providing a groundwork for understanding the key genomic regions to control diseases resulting from consanguinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader H. Shirah
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Abubaker Bagabir
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 25732, Saudi Arabia
| | - Absarul Haque
- King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Garcia-Marcos M. Heterotrimeric G protein signaling without GPCRs: The Gα-binding-and-activating (GBA) motif. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105756. [PMID: 38364891 PMCID: PMC10943482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins (Gαβγ) are molecular switches that relay signals from 7-transmembrane receptors located at the cell surface to the cytoplasm. The function of these receptors is so intimately linked to heterotrimeric G proteins that they are named G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), showcasing the interdependent nature of this archetypical receptor-transducer axis of transmembrane signaling in eukaryotes. It is generally assumed that activation of heterotrimeric G protein signaling occurs exclusively by the action of GPCRs, but this idea has been challenged by the discovery of alternative mechanisms by which G proteins can propagate signals in the cell. This review will focus on a general principle of G protein signaling that operates without the direct involvement of GPCRs. The mechanism of G protein signaling reviewed here is mediated by a class of G protein regulators defined by containing an evolutionarily conserved sequence named the Gα-binding-and-activating (GBA) motif. Using the best characterized proteins with a GBA motif as examples, Gα-interacting vesicle-associated protein (GIV)/Girdin and dishevelled-associating protein with a high frequency of leucine residues (DAPLE), this review will cover (i) the mechanisms by which extracellular cues not relayed by GPCRs promote the coupling of GBA motif-containing regulators with G proteins, (ii) the structural and molecular basis for how GBA motifs interact with Gα subunits to facilitate signaling, (iii) the relevance of this mechanism in different cellular and pathological processes, including cancer and birth defects, and (iv) strategies to manipulate GBA-G protein coupling for experimental therapeutics purposes, including the development of rationally engineered proteins and chemical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Garcia-Marcos
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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3
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Issa MY, Hafez MA, Mounir SM, Abdel Ghafar SF, Zaki MS, Abdel-Hamid MS. Refining the phenotypic spectrum of CCDC88A-related PEHO-like syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:226-232. [PMID: 37798908 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Progressive encephalopathy with edema, hypsarrhythmia, and optic atrophy (PEHO) and PEHO-like syndromes are very rare infantile disorders characterized by profound intellectual disability, hypotonia, convulsions, optic, and progressive brain atrophy. Many causative genes for PEHO and PEHO-like syndromes have been identified including CCDC88A. So far, only five patients from two unrelated families with biallelic CCDC88A variants have been reported in the literature. Herein, we describe a new family from Egypt with a lethal epileptic encephalopathy. Our patient was the youngest child born to a highly consanguineous couple and had a family history of five deceased sibs with the same condition. She presented with postnatal microcephaly, poor visual responsiveness, and epilepsy. Her brain MRI showed abnormal cortical gyration with failure of opercularization of the insula, hypogenesis of corpus callosum, colpocephaly, reduced white matter, hypoplastic vermis, and brain stem. Whole exome sequencing identified a new homozygous frameshift variant in CCDC88A gene (c.1795_1798delACAA, p.Thr599ValfsTer4). Our study presents the third reported family with this extremely rare disorder. We also reviewed all described cases to better refine the phenotypic spectrum associated with biallelic loss of function variants in the CCDC88A gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Y Issa
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A Hafez
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir M Mounir
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sherif F Abdel Ghafar
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Abdel-Hamid
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Abdulkareem AA, Shirah BH, Naseer MI. Whole Exome Sequencing Reveals a Novel Homozygous Variant in the Ganglioside Biosynthetic Enzyme, ST3GAL5 Gene in a Saudi Family Causing Salt and Pepper Syndrome. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020354. [PMID: 36833282 PMCID: PMC9957204 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt and pepper developmental regression syndrome (SPDRS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by epilepsy, profound intellectual disability, choreoathetosis, scoliosis, and dermal pigmentation along with dysmorphic facial features. GM3 synthase deficiency is due to any pathogenic mutation in the ST3 Beta-Galactoside Alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase 5 (ST3GAL5) gene, which encodes the sialyltransferase enzyme that synthesizes ganglioside GM3. In this study, the Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) results presented a novel homozygous pathogenic variant, NM_003896.3:c.221T>A (p.Val74Glu), in the exon 3 of the ST3GAL5 gene. causing SPDRS with epilepsy, short stature, speech delay, and developmental delay in all three affected members of the same Saudi family. The results of the WES sequencing were further validated using Sanger sequencing analysis. For the first time, we are reporting SPDRS in a Saudi family showing phenotypic features similar to other reported cases. This study further adds to the literature and explains the role of the ST3GAL5 gene, which plays an important role, and any pathogenic variants that may cause the GM3 synthase deficiency that leads to the disease. This study would finally enable the creation of a database of the disease that provides a base for understanding the important and critical genomic regions that will help control intellectual disability and epilepsy in Saudi patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader H. Shirah
- Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-2-64000 (ext. 25486); Fax: +966-2-6952521
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5
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Naseer MI, Abdulkareem AA, Pushparaj PN, Saharti S, Muthaffar OY. Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Novel Homozygous Missense Variant c.934T > C in POLR1C Gene Causing Leukodystrophy and Hypomyelinating Disease. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:862722. [PMID: 35685919 PMCID: PMC9171136 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.862722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukodystrophies are a diverse group of genetically established disorders categorized by unusual white matter changes on brain imaging. Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect myelin sheath development in the brain. These disorders are categorized as developmental delay, spasticity, hypotonia, and intellectual disabilities. We describe a patient with developmental delay, cerebellar ataxia, spasticity, hypotonia, and intellectual disability from a healthy family member. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify causative variants, which were further analyzed by bioinformatic analysis. WES was performed, and Sanger sequencing-based segregation analysis confirmed the presence of the homozygous missense variants of NM_203290.3 c.934T > C p.Ser312Pro of RNA polymerase I and III subunit C (POLR1C) gene in this patient and heterozygous variant in the unaffected carrier father and mother, supporting the pathogenicity and inheritance pattern of this variant. Furthermore, the variant identified by WES was validated in healthy controls (n = 100) using Sanger sequencing analysis. Finally, our study explained the important use of WES in disease diagnosis and provided further evidence that the variant in the POLR1C gene may play an important role in the development of hypomyelinating leukodystrophy in Saudi families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angham Abdulrahman Abdulkareem
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Samah Saharti
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Y Muthaffar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Naseer MI, Abdulkareem AA, Rasool M, Algahtani H, Muthaffar OY, Pushparaj PN. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel SCN1A and CACNB4 Genes Mutations in the Cohort of Saudi Patients With Epilepsy. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:919996. [PMID: 35813387 PMCID: PMC9257097 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.919996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder described as recurrent seizures mild to severe convulsions along with conscious loss. There are many different genetic anomalies or non-genetic conditions that affect the brain and cause epilepsy. The exact cause of epilepsy is unknown so far. In this study, whole-exome sequencing showed a family having novel missense variant c.1603C>T, p. Arg535Cys in exon 10 of Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 1 (SCN1A) gene. Moreover, targeted Sanger sequencing analysis showed c.1212A>G p.Val404Ile in SCN1A gene in 10 unrelated patients and a mutation in Calcium Voltage-Gated Channel Auxiliary Subunit Beta 4 gene where one base pair insertion of "G" c.78_79insG, p.Asp27Glyfs*26 in the exon 3 in three different patients were observed from the cohort of 25 epileptic sporadic cases. The insertion changes the amino acid sequence leading to a frameshift mutation. Here, we have described, for the first time, three novel mutations that may be associated with epilepsy in the Saudi population. The study not only help us to identify the exact cause of genetic variations causing epilepsy whereas but it would also eventually enable us to establish a database to provide a foundation for understanding the critical genomic regions to control epilepsy in Saudi patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Algahtani
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Yousef Muthaffar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Karim S, Saharti S, Alganmi N, Mirza Z, Alfares A, Turkistany S, Al-Attas M, Noureldin H, Al Sakkaf K, Abusamra H, Al-Qahtani M, Abuzenadah A. Two Novel Homozygous HPS6 Mutations (Double Mutant) Identified by Whole-Exome Sequencing in a Saudi Consanguineous Family Suspected for Oculocutaneous Albinism. Life (Basel) 2021; 12:life12010014. [PMID: 35054407 PMCID: PMC8779141 DOI: 10.3390/life12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is an autosomal recessive disorder of low or missing pigmentation in the eyes, hair, and skin. Multiple types of OCA, including Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 6 (HPS6), are distinguished by their genetic cause and pigmentation pattern. HPS6 is characterized by OCA, nose bleeding due to platelet dysfunction, and lysosome storage defect. To date, 25 disease-associated mutations have been reported in the HPS6 gene. Methods: DNA was extracted from proband, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. Bioinformatic analysis was done with a custom-designed filter pipeline to detect the causative variant. We did Sanger sequencing to confirm the candidate variant and segregation analysis, and protein-based structural analysis to evaluate the functional impact of variants. Result: Proband-based WES identified two novel homozygous mutations in HPS6 (double mutation, c.1136C>A and c.1789delG) in an OCA suspect. Sanger sequencing confirmed the WES results. Although no platelet and/or lysosome storage defect was detected in the patient or family, an oculocutaneous albinism diagnosis was established based on the HPS6 mutations. Structural analysis revealed the transformation of abnormalities at protein level for both nonsense and frameshift mutations in HPS6. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the double mutation in HPS6 (p.Ser379Ter and p.Ala597GlnfsTer16) represents novel pathogenic variants, not described previously, which we report for the first time in the Saudi family. In silico analyses showed a significant impact on protein structure. WES should be used to identify HPS6 and/or other disease-associated genetic variants in Saudi Arabia, particularly in consanguineous families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Karim
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-Q.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-557581741
| | - Samah Saharti
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nofe Alganmi
- Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zeenat Mirza
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alfares
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shereen Turkistany
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manal Al-Attas
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Hend Noureldin
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Khadega Al Sakkaf
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Heba Abusamra
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-Q.); (A.A.)
| | - Adel Abuzenadah
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-Q.); (A.A.)
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Roya Specialized Medical Laboratories, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.-A.); (H.N.); (K.A.S.); (H.A.)
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Sabaie H, Ahangar NK, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M, Rezazadeh M. Clinical and genetic features of PEHO and PEHO-Like syndromes: A scoping review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110793. [PMID: 33152950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive encephalopathy with edema, hypsarrhythmia, and optic atrophy (PEHO) syndrome is a genetic neurological condition characterized by extreme cerebellar atrophy. PEHO-Like syndrome is comparable to PEHO syndrome, with the exception that there is no typical neuro-radiologic or neuro-ophthalmic findings. PEHO spectrum disorders are highly clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and this has challenged their diagnosis. This scoping review aims to summarize and discuss common clinical and genetic features of these syndromes to help future researches. This study was performed according to a six-stage methodology structure and PRISMA guideline. A systematic search of seven databases was performed to find eligible publications prior to June 2020. Articles screening and data extraction were independently performed by two reviewers and quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted. Thirty-eight articles were identified that fulfill the inclusion criteria. Cerebellar atrophy was the main clinical difference between the two groups but data on optic atrophy and infantile spasms/hypsarrhythmia were not consistent with the previously essential diagnostic criteria. Genetic analysis was performed in several studies, leading to identification of pathogenic variants in different genes that caused these conditions due to different mechanisms. Genetic studies could revolutionize the diagnosis process and our understanding of the etiology of this challenging group of patients by providing targeted sequencing panels and exome- or genome-scale studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Sabaie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Noora Karim Ahangar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Federico A. Rare Neurologic Diseases and Neurological Sciences: a report for the celebration of the 2020 Rare Diseases Day. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:491-495. [PMID: 32062737 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Federico
- Department Medicine, Surgery an Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
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Õunap K, Muru K, Õiglane-Shlik E, Ilves P, Pajusalu S, Kuus I, Wojcik MH, Reimand T. PEHO syndrome caused by compound heterozygote variants in ZNHIT3 gene. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103660. [PMID: 31048081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PEHO syndrome is characterized by Progressive Encephalopathy with Edema, Hypsarrhythmia, and Optic atrophy, which was first described in Finnish patients. A homozygous missense substitution p.Ser31Leu in ZNHIT3 was recently identified as the primary cause of PEHO syndrome in Finland. Variants in ZNHIT3 have not been identified in patients with PEHO or PEHO-like syndrome in other populations. It has therefore been suggested that PEHO syndrome caused by ZNHIT3 variants does not occur outside of the Finnish population. We describe the first patient outside Finland who carries compound heterozygous variants in ZNHIT3 gene causing PEHO syndrome. Trio genome sequencing was carried out and the identified variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The patient filled all diagnostic clinical criteria of PEHO syndrome. We identified biallelic missense variants in ZNHIT3 gene: the c.92C > T p.(Ser31Leu) variant (NM_004773.3), which is described previously as causing PEHO syndrome and the second novel variant c.41G > T p.(Cys14Phe). There are only eight heterozygous carriers of c.41G > T variant in the gnomAD database and it is predicted damaging by multiple in silico algorithms. The ZNHIT3-associated PEHO syndrome exists outside of the Finnish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Kai Muru
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Õiglane-Shlik
- Children's Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pilvi Ilves
- Radiology Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Imbi Kuus
- Eye Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Monica H Wojcik
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Divisions of Genetics and Genomics and Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiia Reimand
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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