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Zhang J, Han P, Yang F, Jiang B. Advances in the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13895. [PMID: 39096181 PMCID: PMC11297419 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bromhidrosis, characterized by foul-smelling sweat, is a prevalent condition that significantly affects patients' social and psychological well-being. METHODS This review presents novel treatment approaches and discusses the pros and cons of various treatment options for axillary bromhidrosis. RESULTS Extensive research has explored numerous treatment modalities for bromhidrosis. This article systematically reviews both surgical and nonsurgical interventions utilized in clinical practice. CONCLUSION By synthesizing available evidence, this review aims to offer evidence-based recommendations for effectively managing bromhidrosis, considering factors such as treatment efficacy, safety profiles, patient preferences, and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalHengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Pengpeng Han
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalHengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalHengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated HospitalHengyang Medical School, University of South ChinaHengyangChina
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Piccolo D, Mutlag MH, Pieri L, Pennati BM, Conforti C, Bonan P. Novel Management of Granuloma Formation Secondary to Dermal Filler with Intralesional 1444 nm Nd:YAG Laser Technique. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1406. [PMID: 37629696 PMCID: PMC10456612 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: Dermal fillers for soft tissue for the treatment of face sagging, volume loss, and wrinkles have become popular among patients of all ages and ethnicities, and their use is becoming increasingly widespread. Aim: the goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a micro-pulsed, 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser on dermal filler complications, in particular on granuloma management. Methods: A subcutaneous, 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser was used on five female patients (range age 52-68 years) with hyaluronic filler granulomas located on the face (two on the cheek area and three on the lips); three patients had self-injected the filler, buying it online. Before and after the therapy, the patients received a skin ultrasound to determine the form and location of the granulomas and to determine if there had been a full or partial resolution. During this study, all possible adverse effects at the treatment site were monitored. The 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) (0 point-no change; 1 point-25%, mild improvement; 2 points-50%, moderate improvement; 3 points-75%, good improvement; 4 points-100%, excellent improvement) was recorded at a 3-month follow-up. Results: good results were obtained in the treatment of filler granulomas with the intralesional 1444 nm laser, even if just a single treatment was performed (one intervention was effective for curing granulomas up to 5 mm in diameter). Three patients were satisfied with excellent improvement, and two patients experienced good improvement. The results are functional and aesthetically satisfying, as shown by photographic assessment. At the last follow-up, the granuloma had reduced or completely disappeared in all cases, and no infections, burns, scarring or fibrosis, episodes of severe bleeding, or other serious adverse effects had been reported. All subjects tolerated the post-treatment period well. Conclusions: Our findings showed that granuloma treatment with an intralesional 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser is a minimally invasive, easy, fast, efficient, and low-risk procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Piccolo
- Skin Center-Dermo Aesthetic Laser Centers, 67051 Avezzano, Italy;
| | | | - Laura Pieri
- Clinical Research and Practice Department, El.En. Group, 50041 Calenzano, Italy;
| | | | - Claudio Conforti
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Trieste, Piazza dell’Ospitale 1, 34125 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Paolo Bonan
- Laser Cutaneous Cosmetic & Plastic Surgery Unit, Villa Donatello Clinic, 50019 Florence, Italy;
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Piccolo D, Mutlag MH, Fusco I, Bonan P. Facial and body contouring with 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser-assisted lipolysis: Clinical evidence. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13400. [PMID: 37522493 PMCID: PMC10308064 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body contouring is a significant area of dermatologic and plastic surgery. Surgical procedures, like surgical lipectomy, and less invasive procedures, such as various liposuction techniques, are the two main ways to reduce fat. AIM Our study showed that 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser-assisted lipolysis used with appropriate and specific parameters effectively destroys adipose tissue avoiding these risks and determining a safe clinical application. METHOD A subcutaneous, 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser was used on 132 patients (range, 18-73 years; 109 women and 23 men with Fitzpatrick skin phototypes ranging between II and V) requiring body and face contouring. All patients were photographed for documentation. Digital clinical photography was taken under as near identical conditions as possible at baseline (pre-treatment), and 16 weeks post-treatment. The 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) was recorded immediately after treatment and at their final assessment session (4 months). Adverse events were monitored. RESULTS On the basis of the investigator-evaluated GAIS scale, the total GAIS scores showed satisfactory results. Clinician assessment from the clinical photography showed good efficacy and visible aesthetic results for body and face areas. No serious or unexpected adverse side effects were recorded, and transient pain, oedema, erythema and slight induration resolved within the first week of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The 1444 nm Nd:YAG laser is a new tool for performing lipolysis, and this study reports its effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Piccolo
- Skin Center – Dermo Aesthetic Laser CentersAvezzano, Pescara and L'AquilaAvezzanoItaly
| | | | - Irene Fusco
- Clinical Research and PracticeEl.En. GroupCalenzanoItaly
| | - Paolo Bonan
- Laser Cutaneous Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery Unitvilla Donatello ClinicFlorenceItaly
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Kim DY, Han HJ, Sohn BS, Shim HS. Lower eyelid blepharoplasty combined with ultrasound-guided percutaneous diode laser lipolysis: evaluating effectiveness with long-term outcome. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:78. [PMID: 36847890 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Laser lipolysis may be considered for selective removal of excess orbital fat via minimally invasive lower blepharoplasty. To control the energy delivery to a precise anatomic location while avoiding complications, ultrasound guidance can be utilized. Under local anesthesia, a diode laser probe (Belody, Minslab, Korea) was introduced percutaneously to the lower eyelid. The tip of the laser device and changes in orbital fat volume were carefully controlled with ultrasound imaging. A 1470-nm wavelength was used for orbital fat reduction (maximal energy 300 J), and a 1064-nm wavelength was used to tighten the lower eyelid skin (maximal energy 200 J). From March 2015 to December 2019, a total of 261 patients underwent ultrasound-guided diode laser lower blepharoplasty. The procedure took 17 min on average. Total energy of 49 J-510 J (average = 228.31 J) was delivered in 1470-nm wavelengths or 45-297 J (average = 127.68 J) was delivered in 1064-nm wavelengths. Most patients were very satisfied with their results. Fourteen patients experienced complications, including nine cases of transient hypesthesia (3.45%), and three skin thermal burns (1.15%). However, these complications were not observed after strict control of the energy delivery below 500 J for each lower lid. Improvement in lower eyelid bags can be achieved using a minimally invasive approach in selected patients with ultrasound-guided laser lipolysis. It is a fast and safe procedure that can be performed in the outpatient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yeon Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-Daero, Paldal-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ju Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-Daero, Paldal-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyung-Sup Shim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-Daero, Paldal-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Piccolo D, Mutlag MH, Pieri L, Fusco I, Conforti C, Crisman G, Bonan P. Minimally invasive 1,444-nm Nd:YAG laser treatment for axillary bromhidrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1034122. [PMID: 36814776 PMCID: PMC9939433 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1034122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Axillary bromhidrosis is an apocrine glands hyperactivity disease. Methods A total of 24 patients (15 men and 9 women) with axillary bromhidrosis underwent a laser procedure with a 1,444-nm Nd:YAG laser. Parameters evaluated in this study were as follows: the degree of malodor (T0, baseline; T30, after 1 month; and T180, after 6 months), postoperative pain, short-term decreased mobility (T1, after 1 day; T7, after 7 days; and T30, after 1 month), and overall satisfaction (T30, after 1 month and T180, after 6 months). A visual analog scale (VAS), from 0 to 10, was used to assess pain and decreased mobility, with lower values denoting less severity. Results A total of 24 patients were followed up for 6 months after laser treatment. At baseline, all patients (100%) complained of a strong axillary malodor (mean degree of malodor at T0 = 2.0 ± 0.00). It decreased to 0.50 ± 0.64 at T30. At T180, the degree of malodor was 0.54 ± 0.57. Both T30 and T180 degrees of malodor significantly decreased from the baseline value (p < 0.01). The mean degree of patient satisfaction at T30 was 1.75 ± 0.52, and at T180, it was 1.67 ± 0.21. Among the 24 patients, eight complained of moderated pain 1 day after treatment. The pain subsided on day 7, except for two patients, with VAS = 1. Pain and mobility restrictions were in any case resolved within T30. Conclusion Treatment with a 1,444-nm Nd:YAG laser for subdermal interstitial coagulation could be a less invasive and more effective option treatment for axillary bromhidrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Irene Fusco
- El.En. Group, Calenzano, Italy,*Correspondence: Irene Fusco, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-8808
| | - Claudio Conforti
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bonan
- Laser Cutaneous Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery Unit, Villa Donatello Clinic, Florence, Italy
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Oxidative Effects during Irreversible Electroporation of Melanoma Cells-In Vitro Study. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010154. [PMID: 33396317 PMCID: PMC7796376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is today used as an alternative to surgery for the excision of cancer lesions. This study aimed to investigate the oxidative and cytotoxic effects the cells undergo during irreversible electroporation using IRE protocols. To do so, we used IRE-inducing pulsed electric fields (PEFs) (eight pulses of 0.1 ms duration and 2-4 kV/cm intensity) and compared their effects to those of PEFs of intensities below the electroporation threshold (eight pulses, 0.1 ms, 0.2-0.4 kV/cm) and the PEFs involving elongated pulses (eight pulses, 10 ms, 0.2-0.4 kV/cm). Next, to follow the morphology of the melanoma cell membranes after treatment with the PEFs, we analyzed the permeability and integrity of their membranes and analyzed the radical oxygen species (ROS) bursts and the membrane lipids' oxidation. Our data showed that IRE-induced high cytotoxic effect is associated both with irreversible cell membrane disruption and ROS-associated oxidation, which is occurrent also in the low electric field range. It was shown that the viability of melanoma cells characterized by similar ROS content and lipid membrane oxidation after PEF treatment depends on the integrity of the membrane system. Namely, when the effects of the PEF on the membrane are reversible, aside from the high level of ROS and membrane oxidation, the cell does not undergo cell death.
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Efficacy and safety of 1440-nm Nd:YAG laser on lower face and neck rejuvenation. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1267-1274. [PMID: 33141354 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reviewing the literatures, we did not found-to our knowledge-any study using the Nd:YAG laser with wavelength 1440 nm in assisted liposuction and rejuvenation of the head and neck region although of the higher absorption rate for fat and water. Evidence-based practice supports the benefits of laser-assisted liposuction over conventional liposuction with skin tightening in selected areas specifically the submental area and the neck. The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nd:YAG laser wavelength (WL) 1440 nm on lipolysis of submental area and skin tightening of the lower face and neck area. Fifty-seven patients with submental localized fat deposits and mild to moderate skin laxity were subjected to laser liposuction using Nd:YAG laser with WL 1440 nm (SmartLipo Triplex)® device. The efficacy of skin laxity improvement was assessed together with the whole satisfaction rate for each patient. Overall satisfaction rate was 97% of the patients. One sample test regarding skin laxity showed significant improvement (34.6%) after 6 months follow-up (0.268 SD p < 0.05) (Table 4). Complications included edema, soreness, weakness in the lower lip, and ecchymosis that resolved conservatively except one case that complained of seroma which needed aspiration and healed without infection. In conclusions, Nd:YAG laser with WL 1440 nm can be used safely and effectively for submental-assisted liposuction and lower face and neck rejuvenation. Less laser energy was needed for lipolysis and skin tightening as the fat and water have a higher absorption rate at wavelength 1440 nm.
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Kawasaki T, Sato A, Tominaga Y, Suzuki Y, Oyama T, Tadokoro M, Tsukiyama K, Nokihara K, Zen H. Photo-Modification of Melanin by a Mid-infrared Free-electron Laser. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:946-950. [PMID: 30613988 DOI: 10.1111/php.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melanin is rigidly constructed by several nitrogen-containing aromatic rings, and its excess accumulation in skin tissue is closely associated with melanosis. Although visible lasers (wavelength: 600-1000 nm) are conventionally used for the photo-thermolysis of melanocyte, several pigmented nevi are difficult to be treated. Here, we propose an alternate method for targeting the molecular structure of melanin using an infrared free-electron laser (FEL) tuned to 5.8 μm that corresponds to the stretching vibrational mode of carboxylate group. A drastic morphological change on the black-colored surface of melanin powder was observed after the pulse irradiation with power energy of 500 mJ cm-2 , and the minimum irradiation time for damage to the morphology was 1.4 s. Analyses by mass spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and 13 C-nuclear magnetic resonance implied that a pyrrole group was removed by the FEL irradiation. In addition, the FEL irradiation dispersed almost all of the melanoma cells from a culture solution without any influence on other ingredients in the medium, and one-cell analysis by infrared microscopy showed that the structure of melanoma could be substantially damaged by the irradiation. This study proposes the potency of intense mid-infrared laser as novel alternative way to reduce melanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayasu Kawasaki
- Infrared-Free Electron Laser Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aomi Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - You Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oyama
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Tadokoro
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsukiyama
- Infrared-Free Electron Laser Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Heishun Zen
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
A high-power eye-safe 1443.5 nm laser was demonstrated with an Nd:YAG single crystal fiber (SCF) as the gain medium. For continuous wave (CW) operation, a maximum output power of 13.3 W was obtained under an absorbed pump power of 95.0 W, corresponding to an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 14.0%. For acousto-optically (AO) Q-switched regime, an output power of 1.95 W was obtained at a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 10 kHz. The pulse duration was 69.5 ns. The pulse energy and peak power were calculated to be 195 µJ and 2.81 kW, respectively.
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Periorbital Syringomas Treated With an Externally Used 1,444 nm Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser. Dermatol Surg 2017; 43:381-388. [DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000000985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kim B, Kim DY. Enhanced Tissue Ablation Efficiency with a Mid-Infrared Nonlinear Frequency Conversion Laser System and Tissue Interaction Monitoring Using Optical Coherence Tomography. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 16:E598. [PMID: 27128916 PMCID: PMC4883289 DOI: 10.3390/s16050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report development of optical parametric oscillator (OPO)-based mid-infrared laser system that utilizes a periodically poled nonlinear crystal pumped by a near-infrared (NIR) laser. We obtained a mid-infrared average output of 8 W at an injection current of 20 A from a quasi-phase-matched OPO using an external cavity configuration. Laser tissue ablation efficiency is substantially affected by several parameters, including an optical fluence rate, wavelength of the laser source, and the optical properties of target tissue. Dimensions of wavelength and radiant exposure dependent tissue ablation are quantified using Fourier domain optical coherence tomography and the ablation efficiency was compared to a non-converted NIR laser system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongkyun Kim
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
| | - Dae Yu Kim
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
- Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
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Lee JM, Chun SH, So BJ, Yoo MG, Kim SY, Kim IH. Treatment of Diffuse Planar Xanthoma of the Face after One Session of 1,444-nm Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet Laser. Ann Dermatol 2016; 27:769-70. [PMID: 26719653 PMCID: PMC4695436 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2015.27.6.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Byoung Joon So
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Min Gun Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | | | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
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Alagha HZ, Gülsoy M. Photothermal ablation of liver tissue with 1940-nm thulium fiber laser: an ex vivo study on lamb liver. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:15007. [PMID: 26790641 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.1.015007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Yoo KH, Bae JM, Won CY, Chung YS, Goo B, Rho YK, Kim GM, Lee J, Ahn BH, Kim BJ. Laser-Assisted Liposuction Using the Novel 1,444-nm Nd:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Gynecomastia: A Pilot Study. Dermatology 2015; 231:224-30. [DOI: 10.1159/000430494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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15
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Wanitphakdeedecha R, Thanomkitti K, Bunyaratavej S, Manuskiatti W. Efficacy and safety of 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser in treatment of onychomycosis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2015; 27:75-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2015.1034078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Holcomb JD. Thermally confined micropulsed 1444-nm Nd:YAG interstitial fiber laser in the aging face and neck: an update. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2014; 22:217-29. [PMID: 24745384 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an update on the contemporary use of the thermally confined micropulsed 1444-nm Nd:YAG interstitial fiber laser in the aging face and neck. Beginning with the concept that the use of Nd:YAG fiber lasers in aesthetic surgery is no longer limited to laser lipolysis, the article also covers the differentiating characteristics of the available Nd:YAG fiber laser wavelengths and laser tissue interaction and safety considerations when incorporating the use of these lasers into aging face surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J David Holcomb
- Holcomb - Kreithen Plastic Surgery and MedSpa, 1 South School Avenue, Suite 800, Sarasota, FL 34237, USA.
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In vitro study on selective removal of bovine demineralized dentin using nanosecond pulsed laser at wavelengths around 5.8 μm for realizing less invasive treatment of dental caries. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:961-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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