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Cassiano AFB, Coaguila-Llerena H, Santos CS, da Silva LR, Nogueira LFB, Ciancaglini P, Faria G. The Effect of Octenidine on Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp and Apical Papilla Stem Cells. J Endod 2022; 48:1502-1510.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wiench R, Skaba D, Matys J, Grzech-Leśniak K. Efficacy of Toluidine Blue-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on Candida spp. A Systematic Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040349. [PMID: 33806003 PMCID: PMC8064486 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of oral yeast infections was examined many times in recent years. The authors of this review tried to address the question: "Should TBO (toluidine blue ortho)-mediated aPDT be considered a possible alternative treatment for oral candidiasis?". PubMed/Medline and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CEN-TRAL) databases were searched from 1997 up to the 27th of October 2020 using a combination of the following keywords: (Candida OR Candidiasis oral OR Candidosis oral OR denture stomatitis) AND (toluidine blue OR photodynamic therapy OR aPDT OR photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy OR PACT OR photodynamic inactivation OR PDI). Animal studies or in vitro studies involving Candida albicans (C. albicans) and/or nonalbicans stain, randomized clinical trials (RCT) involving patients with oral candidiasis or denture stomatitis published solely in English language were included. Candida elimination method in animal, in vitro studies and RCT used was TBO-mediated aPDT. Exactly 393 studies were taken into consideration. Then, after analyzing titles and abstracts of said studies, 361 were excluded. Only 32 studies ended up being selected for in-depth screening, after which 21 of them were included in this study. All studies reported the antifungal effectiveness of aPDT with TBO against C. albicans and non-albicans Candida. In studies conducted with planktonic cells, only one study showed eradication of C. albicans. All others showed partial elimination and only one of them was not statistically significant. Experiments on yeast biofilms, in all cases, showed partial, statistically significant cell growth inhibition and weight reduction (a reduction in the number of cells-mainly hyphae) and the mass of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). In vivo aPDT mediated by TBO exhibits antifungal effects against oral Candida spp.; however, its clinical effectiveness as a potent therapeutic strategy for oral yeast infections requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Wiench
- Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (R.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Dariusz Skaba
- Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (R.W.); (D.S.)
| | - Jacek Matys
- Laser Laboratory Dental Surgery Department, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory Dental Surgery Department, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Correspondence:
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Coaguila-Llerena H, Rodrigues EM, Santos CS, Ramos SG, Medeiros MC, Chavez-Andrade GM, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M, Faria G. Effects of octenidine applied alone or mixed with sodium hypochlorite on eukaryotic cells. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1264-1274. [PMID: 32535966 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effects of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) on eukaryotic cells and the cytotoxicity of OCT associated with sodium hypochlorite - NaOCl (NaOCl/OCT). METHODOLOGY L929 fibroblasts and human osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) were exposed to 0.1% OCT, 2% CHX, 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl and mixtures of 5.25% NaOCl and 0.1% OCT (NaOCl/OCT) at 90 : 10, 80 : 20 and 50 : 50 ratios. Cell viability was assessed by methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays; type of cell death, by flow cytometry; cytoskeleton, by actin and α-tubulin fluorescence; and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, by thymolphthalein release. The data were analysed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS MTT and NR assays revealed that 0.1% OCT had the lowest cytotoxicity (P < 0.05), followed by 2% CHX (P < 0.05). The 2.5% NaOCl, NaOCl/OCT 80 : 20 and NaOCl/OCT 50 : 50 solutions had intermediate cytotoxicity. NaOCl 5.25% and NaOCl/OCT 90 : 10 had the highest cytotoxicity (P < 0.05). The OCT group had a higher percentage of viable cells than the NaOCl and CHX groups (P < 0.05), and induced apoptosis at higher doses. The cytoskeleton alterations were observed at 0.12%, 0.6% and 2.02% for the NaOCl, CHX and OCT groups, respectively. The solutions did not induce ALP activity. CONCLUSION Octenidine dihydrochloride was less cytotoxic, induced apoptosis at higher doses, caused few changes in the cytoskeleton and did not induce alkaline phosphatase activity. In addition, octenidine dihydrochloride reduced the cytotoxicity of 5.25% NaOCl when combined at 20 and 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Coaguila-Llerena
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - E M Rodrigues
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - C S Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - S G Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - M C Medeiros
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - G M Chavez-Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - J M Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - M Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - G Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
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Bordea IR, Hanna R, Chiniforush N, Grădinaru E, Câmpian RS, Sîrbu A, Amaroli A, Benedicenti S. Evaluation of the outcome of various laser therapy applications in root canal disinfection: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101611. [PMID: 31809911 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Any successful endodontic therapy requires elimination of the endodontic biofilms through meticulous root canal disinfection methods. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are the most common effective irrigants, in removing smear-layer from the coronal and middle thirds of the dental canals but reduced considerably towards the apical one third. In recent years, newly alternative treatment modalities have been proposed, including high-power lasers and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Our work was conducted to evalaute the outcome of root canal disinfection in relation to the efficacy of various treatment modalities. Furthermore, every effort was made to present an overview of the aPDT outcomes, as a model for this application, and to propose laser parameters protocol with positive results. METHODS The electronic databases PubMed was searched from January 2013- January 2019. Our inclusive criteria based on laser therapy applications, as a model for root canal disinfection. The search terms utilised various combinations as follows: photodynamic therapy or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or photoactivated disinfection or light activated disinfection or laser activated disinfection or laser therapy, and endodontic. RESULTS The results of this systematic review concluded that the effectiveness of aPDT and various laser wavelengths protocols, in removing endodontic biofilms from infected root canals, remains unattainable. CONCLUSIONS Study concluded that the combination of aPDT with antimicrobial irrigants could provide a synergetic effect. However, due to the heterogeneity of the selected studies and their limitations, in terms of lack of standardised protocol or discrepancy in the methodology, authors suggest further validated approaches to achieve optimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Reem Hanna
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), Laser Therapy Centre, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Oral Surgery, Dental Institute, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK.
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Grădinaru
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Septimiu Câmpian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adina Sîrbu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), Laser Therapy Centre, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Benedicenti
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), Laser Therapy Centre, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Coaguila-Llerena H, Rodrigues EM, Tanomaru-Filho M, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Faria G. Effects of Calcium Hypochlorite and Octenidine Hydrochloride on L929 And Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:213-219. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess cytotoxicity and cell migration of calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] and octenidine hydrochloride - OCT (Octenisept®, Schülke & Mayr, Norderstedt, Germany) in L929 and human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells. The cells were exposed to different doses of different solutions: 2.5% and 5% Ca(OCl)2, 0.1% OCT, 2.5% NaOCl and 2% CHX for 10 min. Cell viability was assessed by methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays, and cell migration was determined by wound-healing assay. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α=0.05). The MTT and NR assays revealed that 0.1% OCT was less cytotoxic in hPDL cells (p<0.05), followed by 2% CHX and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between 2.5% NaOCl and 5% Ca(OCl)2 (p>0.05), but these solutions showed greater cytotoxicity than the others. The result was the same for L929 cells, except that there was no significant difference between 2% CHX and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 (p>0.05). Wound-healing assay in L929 and hPDL cells showed that cell migration of 0.1% OCT, 2% CHX and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 groups was higher than 5% Ca(OCl)2 and 2.5% NaOCl groups at 24 h (p<0.05). In conclusion, 0.1% OCT had lower cytotoxicity in tested cell lines than CHX, Ca(OCl)2 and NaOCl. Cell migration was higher for 0.1% OCT, 2% CHX and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2. Therefore, in terms of cytotoxicity, OCT and Ca(OCl)2 have the potential to be used as root canal irrigants.
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Coaguila-Llerena H, Stefanini da Silva V, Tanomaru-Filho M, Guerreiro Tanomaru JM, Faria G. Cleaning capacity of octenidine as root canal irrigant: A scanning electron microscopy study. Microsc Res Tech 2018; 81:523-527. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Coaguila-Llerena
- Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry; UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Virgínia Stefanini da Silva
- Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry; UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry; UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | | | - Gisele Faria
- Araraquara School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry; UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara SP Brazil
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Moradi F, Haghgoo R. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Nanosilver Solution, Sodium Hypochlorite and Normal Saline in Root Canal Irrigation of Primary Teeth. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:S227-S232. [PMID: 30294149 PMCID: PMC6169276 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_95_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bacteria are the main etiological factors in the development of dentinal caries and its progression to pulpal and periapical disease. Enterococcus faecalis is the bacterial species most frequently recovered from the root-filled teeth. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of nanosilver (NS) solution as an endodontic irrigation solution of primary teeth against E. faecalis. Settings and Design: Thirty-six canals of primary teeth were selected for this ex vivo study. Methods and Materials: Thirty-six canals of primary teeth were prepared up to the file #35 and all of the specimens were sterilized. Then, root canals were inoculated with a suspension containing E. faecalis bacteria. The teeth were then randomly divided into three groups. Antimicrobial effectiveness was evaluated immediately after dividing into groups by counting colony-forming units on brain heart infusion broth plates. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Welch, and Dunnett's T3 tests. Results: Sodium hypochlorite showed the highest antimicrobial effectiveness against E. faecalis and showed significant differences compared with normal saline and NS solution (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, solution of NS particles can be used as an alternative to other root canal irrigating solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farasat Moradi
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roza Haghgoo
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Guneser MB, Akbulut MB, Eldeniz AU. Antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine-cetrimide combination, Salvia officinalis plant extract and octenidine in comparison with conventional endodontic irrigants. Dent Mater J 2017; 35:736-741. [PMID: 27725511 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2015-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), a CHX/cetrimide solution (CHX+CTR), octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) and Salvia officinalis plant extract against Enterococcus faecalis. Seventy decoronated single-rooted human teeth were infected and divided into 6 test (n=10) and 2 control groups (n=5) (negative, sterile samples and positive, infected samples). Following irrigants were then applied to test groups: 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, CHX, CHX+CTR, S. officinalis extract and OCT. The dentin chips were obtained from inner root canal walls and analyzed by counting the number of colony forming units (CFU). The 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, CHX and OCT groups presented no bacterial growth (CFU=0). S. officinalis and CHX+CTR groups reduced the number of E. faecalis cells but could not eliminate all. OCT may have potential as an endodontic irrigant in treatment of infected root canals.
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Biofilms in Endodontics-Current Status and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081748. [PMID: 28800075 PMCID: PMC5578138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota are found in highly organized and complex entities, known as biofilms, the characteristics of which are fundamentally different from microbes in planktonic suspensions. Root canal infections are biofilm mediated. The complexity and variability of the root canal system, together with the multi-species nature of biofilms, make disinfection of this system extremely challenging. Microbial persistence appears to be the most important factor for failure of root canal treatment and this could further have an impact on pain and quality of life. Biofilm removal is accomplished by a chemo-mechanical process, using specific instruments and disinfecting chemicals in the form of irrigants and/or intracanal medicaments. Endodontic research has focused on the characterization of root canal biofilms and the clinical methods to disrupt the biofilms in addition to achieving microbial killing. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of microbial biofilms in endodontics and review the literature on the role of root canal disinfectants and disinfectant-activating methods on biofilm removal.
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Thaha KA, Varma RL, Nair MG, Sam Joseph V, Krishnan U. Interaction between Octenidine-based Solution and Sodium Hypochlorite: A Mass Spectroscopy, Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Scanning Electron Microscopy–based Observational Study. J Endod 2017; 43:135-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Qadri T, Javed F, Johannsen G, Gustafsson A. Role of Diode Lasers (800–980 Nm) as Adjuncts to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:568-75. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Talat Qadri
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Fawad Javed
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Gunnar Johannsen
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Arslan D, Guneser MB, Kustarci A, Er K, Siso SH. Pulp tissue dissolution capacity of QMix 2in1 irrigation solution. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:423-427. [PMID: 26430374 PMCID: PMC4569997 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.163229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution efficacy of four root canal irrigation solutions (sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl], chlorhexidine gluconate [CHX], Octenidine [OCT], and QMix 2in1) on bovine pulp tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty bovine pulp tissue samples, each weighing 6.55 mg, were prepared and randomly divided into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 10) according to the dissolution irrigants used: (1) 5.25% NaOCl group; (2) 2% CHX group; (3) OCT group; (4) QMix 2in1 group; and (5) control group (saline solution). These samples were then placed into special bovine dentin reservoir models and immersed for 1 h with each test solution (0.1 mL of each) at room temperature. The pulp samples were then blotted dry and weighed again. The percentage of weight loss was calculated. Statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests (P = 0.05). RESULTS Saline solution did not dissolve the bovine pulp tissue. All groups, except OCT, dissolved pulp samples more effectively than the control group (P < 0.05). The highest tissue dissolution was observed in 5.25% NaOCl group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the tissue-dissolving effect between QMix 2in1 and those of 2% CHX. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this in vitro study, NaOCl exhibited the best tissue-dissolving effect out of all solutions tested. CHX and QMix 2in1 were able to dissolve pulp tissue but less than NaOCl. OCT and saline solutions could not exhibit significantly tissue-dissolving effectiveness. This study shown that QMix 2in1 has little capacity to dissolve pulp tissue therefore used alone is not sufficient for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Arslan
- Department of Endodontics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | | | - Alper Kustarci
- Department of Endodontics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkiye
| | - Kursat Er
- Department of Endodontics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkiye
| | - Seyda Herguner Siso
- Depatment of Restorative Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye
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The efficacy of photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite in root canal disinfection by a single-file instrumentation technique. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:436-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Goztas Z, Onat H, Tosun G, Sener Y, Hadimli HH. Antimicrobial effect of ozonated water, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate in primary molar root canals. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:469-474. [PMID: 25512726 PMCID: PMC4253101 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.143627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the antimicrobial effect of ozonated water, ozonated water with ultrasonication, sodium hypochloride and chlorhexidine (CHX) in human primary root canals contaminated by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-eight extracted human primary molar teeth were used. Crowns were cut off using a diamond saw under water-cooling. One hundred roots were obtained and mechanically prepared. The roots were then sterilized by autoclaving in water for 15 min at 121°C. All samples were contaminated with E. faecalis for 24 h and the root canals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 20). Group I: 25 mg/L of Ozonated water (O3aq), Group II: 25 mg/L of O3aq with ultrasonication, Group III: 2.5% Sodium hypochloride (NaOCl), Group IV: 2% CHX and Group V: Positive control. The canal of each specimen was irrigated for 4 min and positive control was untreated. All root canals were agitated with sterile saline solution. The saline solution was collected from canals with sterile paper points. For each specimen, the paper points were transposed to eppendorf vials containing 2 ml of brain heart infusion. According to bacterial proliferation, the mean values of optical density were achieved by ELİSA (Biotek EL ×800, Absorbance Microplate Reader, ABD) and the data were analyzed. RESULTS NaOCI, CHX and two types of O3aq were found statistically different than positive control group. NaOCI irrigation was found significantly most effective. CONCLUSIONS NaOCl, CHX and O3aq applications provide antibacterial effect in vitro conditions in primary root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Goztas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Halenur Onat
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Gul Tosun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye
| | - Yagmur Sener
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye
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da Frota MF, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M, Bagnato VS, Espir CG, Berbert FLCV. Photodynamic therapy in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis using curcumin as photosensitizer. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:1867-72. [PMID: 25502831 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect on root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis using a light emitting diode (LED) light and a curcumin solution (CUR) as photosensitizer (PS). Eighty root canals from uniradicular human teeth were prepared with Protaper Universal rotary system and contaminated with E. faecalis for 21 days. They were divided as: GIa-PDT (CUR, pre-irradiation for 5 + 5 min of irradiation); GIb-PDT (CUR, pre-irradiation for 5 + 10 min of irradiation); GIIa-(CUR, pre-irradiation for 5 + 5 min without irradiation); GIIb-(CUR pre-irradiation for 5 + 10 min of irradiation); GIIIa-(physiological solution and irradiation for 5 min); and GIIIb-(physiological solution and irradiation for 10 min); positive and negative control groups. Collections from root canals were made at time intervals of 21 days after contamination, immediately after treatment, and 7 days after treatment, and submitted to colony forming units per milliter (CFU mL(-1)) counts. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison tests, at a level of significance of 5 %. In the immediate post-treatment collection, group GIa showed greater bacterial reduction in comparison with GIIa, GIIb, GIIIa, GIIIb, and positive control (P < 0.05). At 7 days post-treatment, GIa showed significant bacterial reduction only in comparison with GIIIa (P < 0.05). Curcumin as sensitizer was effective by 5 min LED irradiation but not by 10 min irradiation PDT using LED light, and curcumin as PS was not effective in eliminating E. faecalis. No difference was observed for periods of irradiation.
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