1
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Li D, Chen Y, Sun L, Zhou J, Dong L, Ren J. The Role of Interchain Force and/or Chain Entanglement in the Melt Strength and Ductility of PLA-Based Materials. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300577. [PMID: 37466153 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
As an eco-friendly material, PLA was a desirable alternative to polyethylene and polypropylene films due to its biodegradability. The preferable melt strength of PLA-based materials was a key factor in ensuring its processing using extrusion blow. This paper focuses on the influence of interchain force and/or chain entanglement on the melt strength and ductility of PLA-based materials in recent years. In addition, the preparation of PLA-based materials via physical blending or reactive processing was also summarized. The blending of PLA with a flexible heteropolymer, driven by the interchain force and/or chain entanglements, were characterized as a practicable method for toughening PLA-based materials. Also, the restructuring of PLA chains, by branching based on chain entanglement, was suitable for increasing chain entanglements in PLA matrix, yielding satisfactory melt strength and ductility. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between interchain forces and/or entanglement with the melt strength and ductility of PLA-based materials. An essential and systematic understanding of the tailoring melt strength and rheological properties of PLA by interchain forces and/or entanglement was apt to improve and perfect the processing technology of the extrusion blow, and consequently improve the tensile strength and toughness of PLA films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deling Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
| | - Limei Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
| | - Liming Dong
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
| | - Jizhen Ren
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221018, China
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2
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Chen N, Peng C, Chang YC, Li X, Zhang Y, Liu H, Zhang S, Zhang P. Supertough poly(lactic acid)/bio-polyurethane blends fabricated by dynamic self-vulcanization of dual difunctional monomers. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1314-1325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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3
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Morphological, rheological, and mechanical properties of PLA/TPU/nanoclay blends compatibilized with epoxy‐based Joncryl chain extender. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-05043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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4
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In Service Performance of Toughened PHBV/TPU Blends Obtained by Reactive Extrusion for Injected Parts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122337. [PMID: 35745913 PMCID: PMC9231000 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Moving toward a more sustainable production model based on a circular economy, biopolymers are considered as one of the most promising alternatives to reduce the dependence on oil-based plastics. Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV), a bacterial biopolyester from the polyhydroxialkanoates (PHAs) family, seems to be an attractive candidate to replace commodities in many applications such as rigid packaging, among others, due to its excellent overall physicochemical and mechanical properties. However, it presents a relatively poor thermal stability, low toughness and ductility, thus limiting its applicability with respect to other polymers such as polypropylene (PP). To improve the performance of PHBV, reactive blending with an elastomer seems to be a proper cost-effective strategy that would lead to increased ductility and toughness by rubber toughening mechanisms. Hence, the objective of this work was the development and characterization of toughness-improved blends of PHBV with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as a reactive extrusion agent. To better understand the role of the elastomer and the compatibilizer, the morphological, rheological, thermal, and mechanical behavior of the blends were investigated. To explore the in-service performance of the blends, mechanical and long-term creep characterization were conducted at three different temperatures (−20, 23, 50 °C). Furthermore, the biodegradability in composting conditions has also been tested. The results showed that HMDI proved its efficiency as a compatibilizer in this system, reducing the average particle size of the TPU disperse phase and enhancing the adhesion between the PHBV matrix and TPU elastomer. Although the sole incorporation of the TPU leads to slight improvements in toughness, the compatibilizer plays a key role in improving the overall performance of the blends, leading to a clear improvement in toughness and long-term behavior.
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Xu DH, Liu F, Pan G, Zhao ZG, Yang X, Shi HC, Luan SF. Softening and hardening of thermal plastic polyurethane blends by water absorbed. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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6
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Yang Y, Tian AP, Fang YJ, Wang JG, Zhu J. Improvement in Toughness of Poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) by Melt Blending with Bio-based Polyamide11 in the Presence of a Reactive Compatibilizer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Zhao X, Hu H, Wang X, Yu X, Zhou W, Peng S. Super tough poly(lactic acid) blends: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13316-13368. [PMID: 35492128 PMCID: PMC9051451 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01801e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) or poly(lactide) (PLA) is a renewable, bio-based, and biodegradable aliphatic thermoplastic polyester that is considered a promising alternative to petrochemical-derived polymers in a wide range of commodity and engineering applications. However, PLA is inherently brittle, with less than 10% elongation at break and a relatively poor impact strength, which limit its use in some specific areas. Therefore, enhancing the toughness of PLA has been widely explored in academic and industrial fields over the last two decades. This work aims to summarize and organize the current development in super tough PLA fabricated via polymer blending. The miscibility and compatibility of PLA-based blends, and the methods and approaches for compatibilized PLA blends are briefly discussed. Recent advances in PLA modified with various polymers for improving the toughness of PLA are also summarized and elucidated systematically in this review. Various polymers used in toughening PLA are discussed and organized: elastomers, such as petroleum-based traditional polyurethanes (PUs), bio-based elastomers, and biodegradable polyester elastomers; glycidyl ester compatibilizers and their copolymers/elastomers, such as poly(ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EGMA), poly(ethylene-n-butylene-acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EBA-GMA); rubber; petroleum-based traditional plastics, such as PE and PP; and various biodegradable polymers, such as poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and natural macromolecules, especially starch. The high tensile toughness and high impact strength of PLA-based blends are briefly outlined, while the super tough PLA-based blends with impact strength exceeding 50 kJ m−2 are elucidated in detail. The toughening strategies and approaches of PLA based super tough blends are summarized and analyzed. The relationship of the properties of PLA-based blends and their morphological parameters, including particle size, interparticle distance, and phase morphologies, are presented. PLA is a renewable, bio-based, and biodegradable aliphatic thermoplastic polyester that is considered a promising alternative to petrochemical-derived polymers in a wide range of commodity and engineering applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipo Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Huan Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Xin Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Weiyi Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
| | - Shaoxian Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Light-weight Materials and Processing
- Hubei University of Technology
- Wuhan 430068
- China
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8
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Kilic NT, Can BN, Kodal M, Ozkoc G. The Potential Use of Epoxy‐POSS as a Reactive Hybrid Compatibilizers for PLA/PBAT Blends: “Effect of PBAT Molecular Weight and POSS Type”. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Tuccar Kilic
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentKocaeli University İzmit Kocaeli 41380 Turkey
| | - Buse Nur Can
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentKocaeli University İzmit Kocaeli 41380 Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kodal
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentKocaeli University İzmit Kocaeli 41380 Turkey
| | - Guralp Ozkoc
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentKocaeli University İzmit Kocaeli 41380 Turkey
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9
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Lin W, Qu JP. Enhancing Impact Toughness of Renewable Poly(lactic acid)/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends via Constructing Cocontinuous-like Phase Morphology Assisted by Ethylene–Methyl Acrylate–Glycidyl Methacrylate Copolymer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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10
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Bernardes GP, Rosa Luiz N, Santana RMC, Camargo Forte MM. Rheological behavior and morphological and interfacial properties of PLA/TPE blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Pierozan Bernardes
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), School of EngineeringLaboratory of Polymeric Materials (LaPol) P.O. Box 15010, 91501‐970 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Nathália Rosa Luiz
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), School of EngineeringLaboratory of Polymeric Materials (LaPol) P.O. Box 15010, 91501‐970 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), School of EngineeringLaboratory of Polymeric Materials (LaPol) P.O. Box 15010, 91501‐970 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Maria Madalena Camargo Forte
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), School of EngineeringLaboratory of Polymeric Materials (LaPol) P.O. Box 15010, 91501‐970 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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11
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Chen B, Wang F, Li JY, Zhang JL, Zhang Y, Zhao HC. Synthesis of Eugenol Bio-based Reactive Epoxy Diluent and Study on the Curing Kinetics and Properties of the Epoxy Resin System. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Yuan C, Xu Y, Yang K, Wang Y, Wang Z, Cheng X, Su L. Isothermally crystallization behavior of poly (L-lactide) from melt under high pressure. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaosheng Yuan
- The High Pressure Research Center of Science and Technology; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Kun Yang
- The High Pressure Research Center of Science and Technology; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- The High Pressure Research Center of Science and Technology; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- The High Pressure Research Center of Science and Technology; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xuerui Cheng
- The High Pressure Research Center of Science and Technology; Zhengzhou University of Light Industry; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Lei Su
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100080 China
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13
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Phetwarotai W, Phusunti N, Aht-Ong D. Preparation and Characteristics of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Polylactide Blend Films via Synergistic Efficiency of Plasticization and Compatibilization. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Toughening Poly(lactic acid) with Imidazolium-based Elastomeric Ionomers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Wang JG, Liu XQ, Zhu J. From Furan to High Quality Bio-based Poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate). CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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The influence of the length of the degradable segment on the functional properties and hydrolytic stability of multi-component polyurethane elastomeric films. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Dong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bing Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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18
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Abstract
In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites reinforced with short coir fibers were fabricated using a corotating twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. Short coir fibers were treated by mixed solution including hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide to improve the adhesion between fibers and PLA matrix. The effects of treated coir fiber content (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) on tensile, impact, thermal properties, and surface morphology of PLA biocomposites were investigated. The best impact strength results were obtained for 3 wt% PLA/treated coir fiber biocomposites, where the impact strength was increased by approximately 28% compared to the neat PLA. The tensile modulus of PLA biocomposites was increased by increasing the treated coir fiber content. These results were confirmed by morphological structure analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results demonstrated a minor effect of the treated coir fiber on thermal behavior of PLA resin. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the thermal stability of the PLA/treated coir fiber biocomposites was reduced by the incorporation of treated coir fiber.
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19
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Valerio O, Pin JM, Misra M, Mohanty AK. Synthesis of Glycerol-Based Biopolyesters as Toughness Enhancers for Polylactic Acid Bioplastic through Reactive Extrusion. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:1284-1295. [PMID: 31457196 PMCID: PMC6640793 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of polyesters based on glycerol, succinic acid [poly(glycerol succinate), PGS] and/or maleic anhydride [poly(glycerol succinate-co-maleate), PGSMA] was investigated aiming to produce a green product suitable for toughening of polylactic acid (PLA) using melt blending technologies. The molar ratio of reactants and the synthesis temperature were screened to find optimum synthesis conditions leading to the highest toughness enhancement of PLA. It was found that a molar ratio of reactants of 1:1 glycerol/succinic acid increases the effectiveness of PGS as a toughening agent for PLA, which correlates with the achievement of a higher molecular weight on the synthesis of PGS. The introduction of maleic anhydride as a comonomer for the synthesis of the partial replacement of succinic acid was advantageous for making PGS suitable for reactive extrusion (REX) mediated by free radical initiators. The tensile toughness of the REX PLA/PGSMA blends was improved by 392% compared with that of neat PLA, which was caused by the simultaneous cross-linking of PGSMA within the PLA matrix, and the in situ formation of PLA-g-PGSMA graft copolymers acting as interfacial compatibilizers. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the formation of PLA-g-PGSMA species on REX experiments. This in turn caused a decrease in the diameter of the PGS particles dispersed within the PLA matrix from >10 μm to approximately 2 μm as observed using scanning electron microscopy. A further increase of 1600% in the toughness of the blends was achieved by lowering the synthesis temperature of PGSMA from 180 to 150 °C. The optimum synthesis conditions for PGSMA leading to the highest increase in the toughness of 80/20 PLA/PGSMA blends were found to be 1:0.5:0.5 mol glycerol/succinic acid/maleic anhydride synthesized at a temperature of 150 °C for 5 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Valerio
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 50 Stone Road
East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Mathieu Pin
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manjusri Misra
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 50 Stone Road
East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amar K. Mohanty
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 50 Stone Road
East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Murariu M, Dubois P. PLA composites: From production to properties. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:17-46. [PMID: 27085468 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) or polylactide (PLA), a biodegradable polyester produced from renewable resources, is used for various applications (biomedical, packaging, textile fibers and technical items). Due to its inherent properties, PLA has a key-position in the market of biopolymers, being one of the most promising candidates for further developments. Unfortunately, PLA suffers from some shortcomings, whereas for the different applications specific end-use properties are required. Therefore, the addition of reinforcing fibers, micro- and/or nanofillers, and selected additives within PLA matrix is considered as a powerful method for obtaining specific end-use characteristics and major improvements of properties. This review highlights recent developments, current results and trends in the field of composites based on PLA. It presents the main advances in PLA properties and reports selected results in relation to the preparation and characterization of the most representative PLA composites. To illustrate the possibility to design the properties of composites, a section is devoted to the production and characterization of innovative PLA-based products filled with thermally-treated calcium sulfate, a by-product from the lactic acid production process. Moreover, are emphasized the last tendencies strongly evidenced in the case of PLA, i.e., the high interest to diversify its uses by moving from biomedical and packaging (biodegradation properties, "disposables") to technical applications ("durables").
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Murariu
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), University of Mons & Materia Nova Research Centre, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), University of Mons & Materia Nova Research Centre, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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21
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Investigation on the properties of poly(l-lactide)/thermoplastic poly(ester urethane)/halloysite nanotube composites prepared based on prediction of halloysite nanotube location by measuring free surface energies. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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23
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Biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/thermoplastic polyurethane blends with improved mechanical and barrier performance. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Feng LD, Xiang S, Sun B, Liu YL, Sun ZQ, Bian XC, Li G, Chen XS. Thermal, morphological, mechanical and aging properties of polylactide blends with poly(ether urethane) based on chain-extension reaction of poly(ethylene glycol) using diisocyanate. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-016-1822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Direct investigations on strain-induced cold crystallization behavior and structure evolutions in amorphous poly(lactic acid) with SAXS and WAXS measurements. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Compatibility, mechanical properties and stability of blends of polylactide and polyurethane based on poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polylactide copolymers by chain extension with diisocyanate. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Zhao P, Zhang J. Room temperature and low temperature toughness improvement in PBA-g-SAN/α-MSAN by melt blending with TPU. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26854k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Toughness of PBA-g-SAN/α-MSAN blends at room temperature and low temperature was successfully improved by incorporating TPU elastomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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28
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Oliaei E, Kaffashi B, Davoodi S. Investigation of structure and mechanical properties of toughened poly(l-lactide)/thermoplastic poly(ester urethane) blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Oliaei
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; P.O. Box 11365-4563 Tehran Iran. Tel: + 98 21 66967789, Fax: + 98 21 66957784
| | - Babak Kaffashi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; P.O. Box 11365-4563 Tehran Iran. Tel: + 98 21 66967789, Fax: + 98 21 66957784
| | - Saeed Davoodi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; P.O. Box 11365-4563 Tehran Iran. Tel: + 98 21 66967789, Fax: + 98 21 66957784
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Zhang L, Xiong Z, Shams SS, Yu R, Huang J, Zhang R, Zhu J. Free radical competitions in polylactide/bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane/ free radical initiator ternary blends and their final properties. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Aliphatic thermoplastic poly(ether urethane)s having long PEG sequences synthesized through a non-isocyanate route. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Zhou C, Li H, Zhang Y, Xue F, Huang S, Wen H, Li J, de Claville Christiansen J, Yu D, Wu Z, Jiang S. Deformation and structure evolution of glassy poly(lactic acid) below the glass transition temperature. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00669d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mesocrystal was found to form from the mesophase of glassy PLA stretched below the glass transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Hongfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Feifei Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shaoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Eco-materials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Huiying Wen
- College of Engineering and Technology
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Jingqing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | | | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences
- Aalborg University
- Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- Institute of High Energy Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Shichun Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, PR China
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