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Edelsparre AH, Fitzpatrick MJ, Rodríguez MA, Sokolowski MB. Tracking dispersal across a patchy landscape reveals a dynamic interaction between genotype and habitat structure. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan H. Edelsparre
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 56 3B2 Canada
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Toronto Scarborough Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Mark J. Fitzpatrick
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 56 3B2 Canada
- Dept of Cells and Systems Biology, Univ. of Toronto Totonto ON Canada
| | - Marco A. Rodríguez
- Dépt des sciences de l'environnement, Univ. du Québec à Trois‐Rivières Trois‐Rivières QC Canada
| | - Marla B. Sokolowski
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 56 3B2 Canada
- Program in Child and Brain Development, Canadina Institute for Advanced Reserach Toronto ON Canada
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Harman RR, Goddard J, Shivaji R, Cronin JT. Frequency of Occurrence and Population-Dynamic Consequences of Different Forms of Density-Dependent Emigration. Am Nat 2020; 195:851-867. [DOI: 10.1086/708156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dörler D, Kropf M, Laaha G, Zaller JG. Occurrence of the invasive Spanish slug in gardens: can a citizen science approach help deciphering underlying factors? BMC Ecol 2018; 18:23. [PMID: 30068321 PMCID: PMC6071400 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-018-0179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris, also known as A. lusitanicus) is considered one of the most invasive species in agriculture, horticulture and private gardens all over Europe. Although this slug has been problematic for decades, there is still not much known about its occurrence across private gardens and the underlying meteorological and ecological factors. One reason for this knowledge gap is the limited access of researchers to private gardens. Here we used a citizen science approach to overcome this obstacle and examined whether the occurrence of Arionidae in Austrian gardens was associated with meteorological (air temperature, precipitation, global solar radiation, relative humidity) or ecological factors (plant diversity, earthworm activity). Occurrence of the invasive A. vulgaris versus the similar-looking native A. rufus was compared using a DNA-barcoding approach. RESULTS Slugs were collected from 1061 gardens from the dry Pannonian lowland to the wet alpine climate (altitudinal range 742 m). Slug abundance in gardens was best explained and negatively associated with the parameters "sum of the mean air temperature in spring", "number of frost days in the previous winter" and "mean daily global solar radiation on the day of data collection". Precipitation, plant diversity and earthworm activity were also related to slug abundance, but positively. Out of our genetic sampling of collected slugs, 92% belonged to A. vulgaris. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that citizen science (i) is a feasible approach to record species occurrence in restricted areas across a wide geographical range and (ii) could be more widely employed in order to identify underlying environmental factors of species occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dörler
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Kropf
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Laaha
- Institute of Applied Statistics and Computing, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann G. Zaller
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Gracenea M, Gállego L. Brachylaimiasis: Brachylaima spp. (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) Metacercariae Parasitizing the Edible Snail Cornu aspersum (Helicidae) in Spanish Public Marketplaces and Health-Associated Risk Factors. J Parasitol 2017. [PMID: 28650216 DOI: 10.1645/17-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The edible land snail Cornu aspersum (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) acts as a second intermediate host in the terrestrial life cycle of Brachylaima spp. trematodes, harboring unencysted metacercariae in its kidney. The ingestion of undercooked infected snails by humans may allow metacercariae to potentially develop to adult stage in the intestine, causing brachylaimiasis, as already seen in Australia. The prevalence and dynamics of C. aspersum parasitization by Brachylaima spp. metacercariae in specimens intended for human consumption in Spanish marketplaces were studied. In total, 3,710 C. aspersum specimens were analyzed over 5 yr, which were obtained from public marketplaces in the Spanish cities of Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Tudela, Valencia, and Zaragoza. The overall prevalence was 41.97% (95% CI: 40.38-45.56%). The Tudela marketplace had the highest values for both the seasonal prevalence and abundance in all studies during autumn (93.57% and 3.09, respectively). This market also gave the highest individual metacercarial burden recorded, 212 metacercariae in a single specimen. Overall, the highest prevalence of Brachylaima spp. occurred in autumn (58.65%) and the lowest in winter (22.64%). There was a seasonal effect on prevalence, which increased from summer to autumn and then decreased in winter. In total, 96 experimental Brachylaima adults were obtained from the metacercariae parasitizing the analyzed snails. These were identified through morphometric tools (principal component analysis) as Brachylaima mascomai (56 in Barcelona, 1 in Bilbao, 7 in Tudela, and 3 in Valencia), and Brachylaima llobregatensis (17 in Barcelona, 8 in Bilbao, 1 in Valencia, and 3 in Zaragoza). Logistic regression modeling, conducted to predict the probability of purchasing parasitized snails using city and season as predictors showed a correct prediction overall of 79.0%, with a significant (p = 0.001) risk effect in the Barcelona-autumn interaction (2.551-38.442), a significant (p = 0.049) protection effect in the Tudela-spring interaction (0.076-0.997), a significant (p < 0.001) risk effect in the Tudela-autumn interaction (4.330-78.584), and a significant (p = 0.014) protection effect in the Valencia-spring interaction (0.033-0.687). The high overall prevalence of Brachylaima spp. metacercariae should be a matter of concern for public health authorities, mainly in countries where C. aspersum is consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Gracenea
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Gállego
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Nicolai A, Ansart A. Conservation at a slow pace: terrestrial gastropods facing fast-changing climate. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 5:cox007. [PMID: 28852510 PMCID: PMC5570025 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cox007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The climate is changing rapidly, and terrestrial ectotherms are expected to be particularly vulnerable to changes in temperature and water regime, but also to an increase in extreme weather events in temperate regions. Physiological responses of terrestrial gastropods to climate change are poorly studied. This is surprising, because they are of biodiversity significance among litter-dwelling species, playing important roles in ecosystem function, with numerous species being listed as endangered and requiring efficient conservation management. Through a summary of our ecophysiological work on snail and slug species, we gained some insights into physiological and behavioural responses to climate change that we can organize into the following four threat categories. (i) Winter temperature and snow cover. Terrestrial gastropods use different strategies to survive sub-zero temperatures in buffered refuges, such as the litter or the soil. Absence of the insulating snow cover exposes species to high variability in temperature. The extent of specific cold tolerance might influence the potential of local extinction, but also of invasion. (ii) Drought and high temperature. Physiological responses involve high-cost processes that protect against heat and dehydration. Some species decrease activity periods, thereby reducing foraging and reproduction time. Related costs and physiological limits are expected to increase mortality. (iii) Extreme events. Although some terrestrial gastropod communities can have a good resilience to fire, storms and flooding, an increase in the frequency of those events might lead to community impoverishment. (iv) Habitat loss and fragmentation. Given that terrestrial gastropods are poorly mobile, landscape alteration generally results in an increased risk of local extinction, but responses are highly variable between species, requiring studies at the population level. There is a great need for studies involving non-invasive methods on the plasticity of physiological and behavioural responses and the ability for local adaptation, considering the spatiotemporally heterogeneous climatic landscape, to allow efficient management of ecosystems and conservation of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Nicolai
- UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio/OSUR, Station Biologique Paimpont, Université Rennes 1, 35380 Paimpont, France
| | - Armelle Ansart
- UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio/OSUR, Université Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
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Dispersal-related traits of the snail Cornu aspersum along an urbanisation gradient: maintenance of mobility across life stages despite high costs. Urban Ecosyst 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-016-0564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dahirel M, Vardakis M, Ansart A, Madec L. Density-dependence across dispersal stages in a hermaphrodite land snail: insights from discrete choice models. Oecologia 2016; 181:1117-28. [PMID: 27139427 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal movements, i.e. movements leading to gene flow, are key behaviours with important, but only partially understood, consequences for the dynamics and evolution of populations. In particular, density-dependent dispersal has been widely described, yet how it is determined by the interaction with individual traits, and whether density effects differ between the three steps of dispersal (departure, transience, and settlement), remains largely unknown. Using a semi-natural landscape, we studied dispersal choices of Cornu aspersum land snails, a species in which negative effects of crowding are well documented, and analysed them using dispersal discrete choice models, a new method allowing the analysis of dispersal decisions by explicitly considering the characteristics of all available alternatives and their interaction with individual traits. Subadults were more dispersive than adults, confirming existing results. In addition, departure and settlement were both density dependent: snails avoided crowded patches at both ends of the dispersal process, and subadults were more reluctant to settle into crowded patches than adults. Moreover, we found support for carry-over effects of release density on subsequent settlement decisions: snails from crowded contexts were more sensitive to density in their subsequent immigration choices. The fact that settlement decisions were informed indicates that costs of prospecting are not as important as previously thought in snails, and/or that snails use alternative ways to collect information, such as indirect social information (e.g. trail following). The observed density-dependent dispersal dynamics may play an important role in the ability of C. aspersum to successfully colonise frequently human-disturbed habitats around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- CNRS/University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Evolution (ECOBIO), Rennes, France. .,Terrestrial Ecology Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Armelle Ansart
- CNRS/University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Evolution (ECOBIO), Rennes, France
| | - Luc Madec
- CNRS/University of Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecosystems, Biodiversity and Evolution (ECOBIO), Rennes, France
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Dahirel M, Ansart A, Madec L. Potential syndromes linking dispersal and reproduction in the hermaphrodite land snail
Cornu aspersum. J Zool (1987) 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Dahirel
- CNRS‐Université de Rennes 1 UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes Biodiversité Évolution (ECOBIO) Rennes France
| | | | - L. Madec
- CNRS‐Université de Rennes 1 UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes Biodiversité Évolution (ECOBIO) Rennes France
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Gállego L, Gracenea M. Praziquantel efficacy against Brachylaima sp. metacercariae (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) parasitizing the edible landsnail Cornu aspersum and its HPLC-MS/MS residue determination. Exp Parasitol 2015; 157:92-102. [PMID: 26140831 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cornu aspersum is a terrestrial edible snail, often parasitized by Brachylaima (Trematoda) metacercariae. Ingestion of undercooked snails by humans allows metacercariae to develop to adult in the intestine causing brachylaimiasis (expected mortality rate 5-10%). The cosmopolitan character of the trematode and of its vector, enhanced in a future climate change scenario, and the absence of adequate sanitary controls of the snails in marketplaces clearly increase the risk of human brachylaimiasis. The treatment of farmed snails with praziquatel (PZQ) would be a tool to control this food-borne disease. The objectives of this study were: to report the prevalence of Brachylaima metacercariae parasitizing C. aspersum in marketplaces, to assess the efficacy and tolerance of PZQ in C. aspersum and to develop an HPLC-MS/MS analytical method to quantify PZQ residue in the edible snail (the acceptable daily intake of PZQ is 0.17 mg/kg bw in humans). Prevalence of parasitization of C. aspersum by Brachylaima metacercariae in public marketplaces reached the 80%. PZQ was orally administered to snails, mixed with the usual snail food. In dose determination assays three doses were individually tested (10 days): 1.2 mg PZQ/snail, 1.8 mg PZQ/snail (efficacy 97.3%, p < 0.001) and 2.4 mg PZQ/snail (efficacy 98.7%, p < 0.001). In dose confirmation tests (n = 200) the 2.4 mg PZQ/snail dose was group tested (10 snails/box, 7 days): 2 g of PZQ supplemented snail food were disposed daily in the treatment group boxes and 2 g of snail food (placebo) in the control boxes (efficacy 94.6%, p < 0.001; prevalence dropped from 68.7% in control group to 10.1% in treatment group, p < 0.001). Received dose was 220.2 mg PZQ/kg snail with shell. In the analytical method, linearity, lower limit of quantification (0.05 μg/ml), selectivity, carry over, accuracy, precision, dilution integrity, matrix effect and stability were tested. Sixty snails were treated (11 mg PZQ/g snail food) and analyzed. PZQ was detected and quantified (0.093 mg PZQ/g snail). PZQ treatment of C. aspersum is effective, well tolerated by the snail, affordable and easy to reproduce in snail farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Gállego
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Health Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gracenea
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Health Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Vardakis M, Goos P, Adriaensen F, Matthysen E. Discrete choice modelling of natal dispersal: ‘Choosing’ where to breed from a finite set of available areas. Methods Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Vardakis
- Evolutionary Ecology Group Universiteit Antwerpen Groenenborgerlaan 171 B‐2020 Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Peter Goos
- Department Engineering Management Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Flanders Belgium
| | - Frank Adriaensen
- Evolutionary Ecology Group Universiteit Antwerpen Groenenborgerlaan 171 B‐2020 Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Erik Matthysen
- Evolutionary Ecology Group Universiteit Antwerpen Groenenborgerlaan 171 B‐2020 Antwerpen Belgium
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Dahirel M, Olivier E, Guiller A, Martin MC, Madec L, Ansart A. Movement propensity and ability correlate with ecological specialization in European land snails: comparative analysis of a dispersal syndrome. J Anim Ecol 2014; 84:228-38. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- CNRS - Université de Rennes 1; UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution (ECOBIO); Rennes 35042 France
| | - Eric Olivier
- CNRS - Université de Rennes 1; UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution (ECOBIO); Rennes 35042 France
| | - Annie Guiller
- CNRS - Université de Rennes 1; UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution (ECOBIO); Rennes 35042 France
| | - Marie-Claire Martin
- CNRS - Université de Rennes 1; UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution (ECOBIO); Rennes 35042 France
| | - Luc Madec
- CNRS - Université de Rennes 1; UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution (ECOBIO); Rennes 35042 France
| | - Armelle Ansart
- CNRS - Université de Rennes 1; UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution (ECOBIO); Rennes 35042 France
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Highlights for coming volumes. POPUL ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-013-0418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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