1
|
Correlation between Galectin-3 and Early Herpes Zoster Neuralgia and Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Retrospective Clinical Observation. Pain Res Manag 2020; 2020:8730918. [PMID: 32351643 PMCID: PMC7178466 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8730918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the value of serum galectin-3 in patients with herpes zoster neuralgia (HZN) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and other factors influencing HZN and PHN occurrence. Samples from forty patients with herpes zoster neuralgia (HZN) (Group H), 40 patients with nonherpes zoster neuralgia (Group N), and 20 cases of health check-up were collected. Patients were divided into PHN group (Group A) and non-PHN group (Group B) according to the occurrence of PHN in Group H. Galectin-3, T-lymphocyte subsets, and IL-6 were recorded in all patients. The changes of galectin-3 in patients with early HZN and PHN were analyzed by single-factor analysis and multifactor analysis. The age (P=0.012) and NRS scores (P < 0.001) of PHN patients were significantly higher than those of non-PHN patients and other neuralgia patients. The ratio of CD3+ (F = 80.336, P < 0.001), CD4+ (F = 12.459, P < 0.001) lymphocyte subsets, and CD4+/CD8+ (F = 15.311, P < 0.001) decreased significantly in PHN patients. The level of blood IL-6 (F = 139.446, P < 0.001) in PHN patients was significantly increased. Serum galectin-3 was significantly higher in HZN patients than in PHN patients (P < 0.05); IL-6 (OR = 10.002, 95% CI: 3.313-30.196, P < 0.001) and galectin-3 (OR = 3.719, 95% CI: 1.261-10.966, P=0.017) were the risk factors for HZN; galectin-3 (OR = 17.646, 95% CI: 2.795-111.428, P=0.002) was also the risk factor for PHN. ROC curve analysis also showed that serum galectin-3 was a better predictor of poor prognosis (AUC = 0.934, P < 0.001). Therefore, as an independent risk factor of HZN and PHN, serum galectin-3 may be used as a new biochemical marker in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
2
|
Dietary phytochemicals as the potential protectors against carcinogenesis and their role in cancer chemoprevention. Clin Exp Med 2020; 20:173-190. [PMID: 32016615 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Health-threatening consequences of carcinogen exposure are mediated via occurrence of electrophiles or reactive oxygen species. As a result, the accumulation of biomolecular damage leads to the cancer initiation, promotion or progression. Accordingly, there is an association between lifestyle factors including inappropriate diet or carcinogen formation during food processing, mainstream, second or third-hand tobacco smoke and other environmental or occupational carcinogens and malignant transformation. Nevertheless, increasing evidence supports the protective effects of naturally occurring phytochemicals against carcinogen exposure as well as carcinogenesis in general. Isolated phytochemicals or their mixtures present in the whole plant food demonstrate efficacy against malignancy induced by carcinogens widely spread in our environment. Phytochemicals also minimize the generation of carcinogenic substances during the processing of meat and meat products. Based on numerous data, selected phytochemicals or plant foods should be highly recommended to become a stable and regular part of the diet as the protectors against carcinogenesis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Long B, Yu Z, Zhou H, Ma Z, Ren Y, Zhan H, Li L, Cao H, Jiao Z. Clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of galectins for patients with gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2018; 56:242-249. [PMID: 29940258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationships between the expression level of different galectins and its prognostic value for patients with gastric cancer. METHODS The PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. All the eligible studies were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the relevant data was extracted by two independent researchers. The quality assessment was conducted according to the evaluation of the quality of prognosis study which published by Harden in 2006. The STATA 12.0 software was used to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS All of 8 retrospective case-controlled studies involving 2093 patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. The results of meta-analysis presented that the elevated galectin-1 which is related to the poor overall survival (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.33-2.58; P < 0.001) may predicted a larger tumor size (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.35-3.35; P = 0.001) and was positively associated with the higher expression of VEGF (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.14-1.82; P = 0.002). Moreover, the decreased galectin-3 (HR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.36-0.67; P < 0.001), galectin-8 (HR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.36-0.67; P < 0.001) and galectin-9 (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.92; P = 0.003) were also significantly associated with poorer prognosis. Our meta-analysis also showed that lower expression of galectin-3 was also related to lymphatic vessel invasion (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26-0.89; P = 0.018), worse TNM stages (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.32-0.40; P < 0.001), deeper invasive depth (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.21-0.51; P < 0.001) and poorer differentiation grade (OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04-0.25; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High expression of galectin-1 or low expression of galectin-3, -8 and -9 were significantly related to a poorer prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. The expression level of galectins was associated with clinical characteristics and were potential independent prognostic predictor for GC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Long
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Huinian Zhou
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhijian Ma
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanxian Ren
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Zhan
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Long Li
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hongtai Cao
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- The First Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu ZZ, Fang CC, Huang MJ. RNA interference-mediated Gal-3 knockdown inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:648-654. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i11.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of RNA interference-mediated knockdown of galectin-3 (Gal-3) on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells and the possible mechanism involved.
METHODS Cultured Panc-1 cells were randomly divided into a control group (untreated), an NC group (transfected with control siRNA) and a Gal-3 interference group (transfected with Gal-3-siRNA). After using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology to interfere with the expression of Gal-3 in Panc-1 cells, Gal-3 expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was tested by flow cytometry. The expression of Ki67, cleaved caspase-3, and β-catenin proteins was examined by Western blot.
RESULTS Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the expression of Gal-3 mRNA (0.99 ± 0.08 vs 1.01 ± 0.06) or protein (0.36 ± 0.03 vs 0.34 ± 0.05) in the NC group (P > 0.05), while the expression of Gal-3 mRNA (0.38 ± 0.02 vs 1.01 ± 0.06) and protein (0.10 ± 0.01 vs 0.34 ± 0.05) in the Gal-3 interference group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of Gal-3 significantly decreased cell proliferation (24 h: 0.55 ± 0.03 vs 0.71 ± 0.05; 48 h: 0.76 ± 0.05 vs 0.97 ± 0.06; 72 h: 1.08 ± 0.06 vs 1.32 ± 0.09), increased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 stage (79.48 ± 1.32 vs 71.52 ± 1.15), reduced the percentage of cells in S (14.26 ± 1.08 vs 18.24 ± 1.06 ) and G2/M stages (6.21 ± 0.78 vs 10.19 ± 1.52), increased apoptosis (13.26 ± 2.28 vs 5.82 ± 0.35), downregulated the expression of Ki67 (0.24 ± 0.02 vs 0.96 ± 0.07), cyclin D1 (0.26 ± 0.03 vs 0.88 ± 0.09), and β-catenin (0.42 ± 0.05 vs 0.87 ± 0.05), and upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 (0.70 ± 0.06 vs 0.32 ± 0.03) (P < 0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in the above indexes between the NC group and control group (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION RNA interference-mediated Gal-3 knockdown can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells via mechanisms that may be related to the inhibition of the Wnt/ beta-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Luqiao Hospital of Enze Medical Center (Group) of Taizhou City, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cong-Cheng Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Enze Medical Center (Group) Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mei-Jun Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Luqiao Hospital of Enze Medical Center (Group) of Taizhou City, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dubé-Delarosbil C, St-Pierre Y. The emerging role of galectins in high-fatality cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1215-1226. [PMID: 29119229 PMCID: PMC11105754 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although we witnessed considerable progress in the prevention and treatment of cancer during the past few decades, a number of cancers remain difficult to treat. The main reasons for this are a lack of effective biomarkers necessary for an early detection and inefficient treatments for cancer that are diagnosed at late stages of the disease. Because of their alarmin-like properties and their protumorigenic role during cancer progression, members of the galectin family are uniquely positioned to provide information that could be used for the exploration of possible avenues for the treatment of high fatality cancer (HFC). A rapid overview of studies that examined the expressions and functions of galectins in cancer cells reveals that they play a central role in at least three major features that characterize HFCs: (1) induction of systemic and local immunosuppression, (2) chemoresistance of cancer cells, and (3) increased invasive behavior. Defining the galectinome in HFCs will also lead to a better understanding of tumor heterogeneity while providing critical information that could improve the accuracy of biomarker panels for a more personalized treatment of HFCs. In this review, we discuss the relevance of the galectinome in HFC and its possible contribution to providing potential solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yves St-Pierre
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dong R, Zhang M, Hu Q, Zheng S, Soh A, Zheng Y, Yuan H. Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:599-614. [PMID: 29207027 PMCID: PMC5752178 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a member of the galectin family, which are β‑galactoside‑binding lectins with ≥1 evolutionary conserved carbohydrate‑recognition domain. It binds proteins in a carbohydrate‑dependent and ‑independent manner. Galectin‑3 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm; however, it shuttles into the nucleus and is secreted onto the cell surface and into biological fluids including serum and urine. It serves important functions in numerous biological activities including cell growth, apoptosis, pre‑mRNA splicing, differentiation, transformation, angiogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis and host defense. Numerous previous studies have indicated that galectin‑3 may be used as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for certain types of heart disease, kidney disease and cancer. With emerging evidence to support the function and application of galectin‑3, the current review aims to summarize the latest literature regarding the biomarker characteristics and potential therapeutic application of galectin‑3 in associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Hepatobiliary Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Medical College, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Qunying Hu
- Medical College, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Hepatobiliary Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Andrew Soh
- Medical Scientific Affairs, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Laboratories, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yijie Zheng
- Medical Scientific Affairs, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Laboratories, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Galectin-3, a member of the galectin family, is an endogenous β-galactoside-binding lectin. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple malignancies and its expression strongly also affects the outcomes of cancer patients. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical significance of the serum levels of galectin-3 in gastric cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 58 patients with diagnosis of gastric cancer were enrolled into this study. Serum galectin-3 concentrations were determined by the solid-phase sandwich ELISA method. Age- and sex-matched 30 healthy controls were included in the analysis. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 59.5 years, range 32 to 82 years. There was no significant difference in the baseline serum galectin-3 levels between gastric cancer patients and healthy controls (p = 0.357). The older patients had elevated galectin-3 levels compared with younger ones (p = 0.02). The other known clinical variables including gender, site of lesion, histopathology, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and stage of disease were not correlated with serum galectin-3 concentrations (p > 0.05). Moreover, no relationship was shown between serum galectin-3 level and chemotherapy responsiveness (p = 0.36). Likewise, serum galectin-3 concentrations were not associated with prognosis on survival (p = 0.54). CONCLUSION Serum levels of galectin-3 have no diagnostic, predictive and prognostic roles in gastric cancer patients.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao N, Wang XX, Sun JR, Yu WZ, Li XZ. Clinical impact of galectin-3 in newly diagnosed t (15;17)(q22;q21)/PML-RARa acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide-based regimens. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:711-718. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-2948-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Elimova E, Song S, Shimodaira Y, Lin Q, Ajani JA. Exploiting Molecular and Immune Biology of Gastric and Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinomas to Discover Novel Therapeutic Targets. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:3786-3791. [PMID: 27503493 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5428-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal carcinomas (GACs) are a significant problem worldwide, and despite many attempts to improve the outcomes of patients with these tumors, little progress has been made over the last several decades. In the past decade, only transtuzumab and ramucirumab, two drugs with marginal clinical benefit, have been approved for the treatment of patients with GACs. After second-line therapy, most treatment options are generally ineffective. Prior studies in this disease have been largely empiric, using unselected patient populations. More recently, detailed somatic genotyping, enrichment of patients based on biomarkers, and pharmacokinetic studies have opened new avenues for developing treatment options in patients with GAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Elimova
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yusuke Shimodaira
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Quan Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gao N, Yu WZ, Guo NJ, Wang XX, Sun JR. Clinical significance of galectin-3 in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective cohort study with long-term follow-up and formulation of risk scoring system. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:1394-1402. [PMID: 27736291 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1243677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-3 plays an increasingly important role in development and progression of tumor. However, little is known about the clinical impact of galectin-3 in non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-M3 AML). Peripheral blood of 298 patients with primary non-M3 AML and 30 normal donors was collected for measurement of galectin-3. Galectin-3 levels were significantly higher compared with the control group (p < .001). Patients with higher galectin-3 levels had lower CR rates (p = .001) and 1-year overall survival (OS) rates (p = .002). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that higher galectin-3 levels group had significantly shorter OS. Cox regression model revealed high galectin-3 level was an independent poor prognostic factor. A scoring system incorporating galectin-3 and other prognostic factors (age, WBC, karyotype, NPM1/FLT3-ITD, CEBPAdouble-mutation and c-KIT, WT1) was formulated to predict prognosis. In conclusion, galectin-3 may be a reliable prognostic marker in AML patients. The multifactorial scoring system was more powerful than a single factor to predict clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Gao
- a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China
| | - Wen-Zheng Yu
- a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China
| | - Nong-Jian Guo
- b Department of hematology, Central Hospital of Jinan , Shandong University School of Medicine , Jinan , Shandong , PR China
| | - Xue-Xia Wang
- a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China
| | - Jian-Rong Sun
- a Department of hematology , Binzhou Medical University Hospital , Binzhou , Shandong , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Elimova E, Mizrak Kaya D, Harada K, Ajani JA. Potentially Curable Cancers of the Esophagus and Stomach. Mayo Clin Proc 2016; 91:1307-18. [PMID: 27594190 PMCID: PMC5712474 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas continue to be a major health burden globally and collectively represent the third leading cause of cancer death. Among patients with metastatic disease, most die of their cancer because of the limited number of modestly effective treatment regimens available today. The progress against these cancers has been slow compared with many other solid tumors despite many attempts. In-depth molecular profiling has also not been completed. Even when these cancers are localized, they impose considerable challenges for the patient, relatives, and treatment team alike. Localized gastric or gastroesophageal cancer is best managed with a multidisciplinary approach. This review focuses on the management of localized cancers by reviewing the current literature and explaining certain principles that help guide therapy for these patients. The future, however, will afford numerous opportunities, including exploitation of initial data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, to identify novel targets and drugs, harness the prowess of the immune system, and customize therapy for each patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Elimova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Dilsa Mizrak Kaya
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Leal MF, Wisnieski F, de Oliveira Gigek C, do Santos LC, Calcagno DQ, Burbano RR, Smith MC. What gastric cancer proteomic studies show about gastric carcinogenesis? Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9991-10010. [PMID: 27126070 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a complex, heterogeneous, and multistep disease. Over the past decades, several studies have aimed to determine the molecular factors that lead to gastric cancer development and progression. After completing the human genome sequencing, proteomic technologies have presented rapid progress. Differently from the relative static state of genome, the cell proteome is dynamic and changes in pathologic conditions. Proteomic approaches have been used to determine proteome profiles and identify differentially expressed proteins between groups of samples, such as neoplastic and nonneoplastic samples or between samples of different cancer subtypes or stages. Therefore, proteomic technologies are a useful tool toward improving the knowledge of gastric cancer molecular pathogenesis and the understanding of tumor heterogeneity. This review aimed to summarize the proteins or protein families that are frequently identified by using high-throughput screening methods and which thus may have a key role in gastric carcinogenesis. The increased knowledge of gastric carcinogenesis will clearly help in the development of new anticancer treatments. Although the studies are still in their infancy, the reviewed proteins may be useful for gastric cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ferreira Leal
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04038-032, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 740, Edifício Leitão da Cunha - 1° andar, CEP 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Wisnieski
- Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 740, Edifício Leitão da Cunha - 1° andar, CEP 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Oliveira Gigek
- Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 740, Edifício Leitão da Cunha - 1° andar, CEP 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Caires do Santos
- Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 740, Edifício Leitão da Cunha - 1° andar, CEP 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rommel Rodriguez Burbano
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-110, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Marilia Cardoso Smith
- Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 740, Edifício Leitão da Cunha - 1° andar, CEP 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Galectin-3 Inhibition Is Associated with Neuropathic Pain Attenuation after Peripheral Nerve Injury. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148792. [PMID: 26872020 PMCID: PMC4752273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain remains a prevalent and persistent clinical problem because it is often poorly responsive to the currently used analgesics. It is very urgent to develop novel drugs to alleviate neuropathic pain. Galectin-3 (gal3) is a multifunctional protein belonging to the carbohydrate-ligand lectin family, which is expressed by different cells. Emerging studies showed that gal3 elicits a pro-inflammatory response by recruiting and activating lymphocytes, macrophages and microglia. In the study we investigated whether gal3 inhibition could suppress neuroinflammation and alleviate neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury. We found that L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) increases the expression of gal3 in dorsal root ganglions at the mRNA and protein level. Intrathecal administration of modified citrus pectin (MCP), a gal3 inhibitor, reduces gal3 expression in dorsal root ganglions. MCP treatment also inhibits SNL-induced gal3 expression in primary rat microglia. SNL results in an increased activation of autophagy that contributes to microglial activation and subsequent inflammatory response. Intrathecal administration of MCP significantly suppresses SNL-induced autophagy activation. MCP also inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy in cultured microglia in vitro. MCP further decreases LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory mediators including IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 by regulating autophagy. Intrathecal administration of MCP results in adecreased mechanical and cold hypersensitivity following SNL. These results demonstrated that gal3 inhibition is associated with the suppression of SNL-induced inflammatory process andneurophathic pain attenuation.
Collapse
|
14
|
Biological characteristics of a novel giant cell tumor cell line derived from spine. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9681-9. [PMID: 26801673 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant cell tumor of bone(GCTB) is a special bone tumor for it consists of various cell types, and its biological characteristics is different from common benign or malignant neoplasm. In the present study, we report the biological features of a primary Asian GCTB cell line named GCTB28. We analyzed extensive properties of the GCTB28 cells including morphological observations, growth, cell cycle, karyotype, proliferation, proteins expression, surface biomarker verification, and tumorigenicity in nude mice. We found that the stromal cells of GCTB were endowed with self-renewal capacity and played dominant roles in GCTB development. Moreover, we confirmed that GCTB cells can be CD33(-)CD14(-) phenotype which was not in accord with previous study. This study provides an in vitro model system to investigate pathogenic mechanisms and molecular characteristics of GCTB and also provides a useful tool for researching the therapeutic targeting of GCTB.
Collapse
|
15
|
Han Y, Ye J, Dong Y, Xu Z, DU Q. Expression and significance of annexin A2 in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and the association with E-cadherin. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:549-554. [PMID: 26622352 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 is a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, involved in invasion, angiogenesis and migration in cancer cells. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the expression levels of annexin A2 and E-cadherin in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), and to investigate the association between the expression of annexin A2 and that of E-cadherin and Ki67, in addition to various clinicopathological factors. This study included 126 patients that were histopathologically diagnosed with GAC. Tissue samples were acquired by surgical resection, and annexin A2 mRNA expression levels were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Annexin A2, E-cadherin and Ki67 protein expression levels were detected using western blot analysis and/or immunohistochemical staining. The expression of annexin A2 mRNA and protein was significantly upregulated in the GAC tissues. Annexin A2 expression was detected in 52/126 cases (41.3%) of gastric cancer (GC), and correlations were identified between annexin A2 expression and Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) stage (P=0.002), lymph node metastasis (P=0.016) and distal metastasis (P=0.005). The positive expression rates of E-cadherin and Ki67 in the tumor tissue of patients with GAC were 27.8% (35/126) and 56.2% (71/126), respectively. A negative correlation was observed between the expression of annexin A2 and E-cadherin (P<0.001). No significant association was detected between the expression levels of annexin A2 and Ki67 (P=0.801). In conclusion, upregulated annexin A2 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, distal metastasis, advanced TNM stage and E-cadherin expression in patients with GAC. The association between the expression of annexin A2 and that of E-cadherin may indicate an underlying mechanism by which annexin A2 contributes to the metastasis in GC, and thus annexin A2 may represent a potential target for the treatment of GAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Qin DU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Background The identification of cancer biomarkers can advance the possibility for early detection and better monitoring of tumor progression. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum galectin-3(Gal-3) in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Material/Methods We measured serum Gal-3 levels using ELISA method in 87 patients with GC, 53 patients with benign gastric lesions, and 51 healthy controls. Results Serum levels of Gal-3 in patients with GC were significantly higher than those in benign disease patients and healthy controls (P<0.001), but no difference was found between benign disease patients and healthy controls (P=0.635). Additionally, serum Gal-3 level was associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.001) and distant metastasis (P<0.001), whereas it was not related to gender (P=0.204), age (P=0.269), tumor size (P=0.399), location (P=0.715), TNM stage (P=0.385), differentiation (P=0.135), or invasion depth (P=0.273). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that overall survival rates in patients with high Gal-3 levels were not significantly different that those with low Gal-3 levels (P=0.099). Conclusions Results of the current study suggests that serum Gal-3 represents a potential diagnostic marker for patients with GC, and may be an adjunct to determine the individual prognosis of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daye Cheng
- Department of Transfusion, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Liang
- Biochip Center, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yunhui Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, No. 202 Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|