1
|
Imoto Y, Yoshikawa S, Horiuchi Y, Iida T, Oka T, Matsuda S, Tokuji Y, Mori M, Kato K. Flowering Date1, a major photoperiod sensitivity gene in adzuki bean, is a soybean floral repressor E1 ortholog. BREEDING SCIENCE 2022; 72:132-140. [PMID: 36275936 PMCID: PMC9522530 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.21051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Adzuki bean is an important legume crop originating in temperate regions, with photoperiod in sensitivity being a key factor in its latitudinal adaptation. The Flowering Date1 (FD1) gene has a large effect on the photoperiodic response of flowering time, but the molecular basis for the effect of this locus is undetermined. The present study delimited the FD1 locus to a 17.1 kb sequence, containing a single gene, an E1 ortholog (VaE1). A comparison between Vigna angularis 'Shumari' (photoperiod insensitive) and 'Acc2265' (photoperiod sensitive) identified 29 insertions/deletions and 178 SNPs upstream of VaE1 in the FD1 locus. VaE1 expression in 'Acc2265' was greater under long-day than short-day conditions, whereas VaE1 expression in 'Shumari' was lower regardless of day length. These findings suggested that responsible gene of FD1 is a VaE1, which acts as a floral repressor by being upregulated in response to long-day conditions. The inability to upregulate VaE1 under long-day conditions was linked to its ability to flower under these conditions. These results provide greater understanding of the molecular control of a flowering date and clues enabling the breeding of adzuki bean at higher latitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Imoto
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Shoko Yoshikawa
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Horiuchi
- Tokachi Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Memuro, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan
| | - Takumi Iida
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Taisei Oka
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tokuji
- Department of Human Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiko Mori
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Kato
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Circadian Rhythms in Legumes: What Do We Know and What Else Should We Explore? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094588. [PMID: 33925559 PMCID: PMC8123782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural timing devices of organisms, commonly known as biological clocks, are composed of specific complex folding molecules that interact to regulate the circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms, the changes or processes that follow a 24-h light–dark cycle, while endogenously programmed, are also influenced by environmental factors, especially in sessile organisms such as plants, which can impact ecosystems and crop productivity. Current knowledge of plant clocks emanates primarily from research on Arabidopsis, which identified the main components of the circadian gene regulation network. Nonetheless, there remain critical knowledge gaps related to the molecular components of circadian rhythms in important crop groups, including the nitrogen-fixing legumes. Additionally, little is known about the synergies and trade-offs between environmental factors and circadian rhythm regulation, especially how these interactions fine-tune the physiological adaptations of the current and future crops in a rapidly changing world. This review highlights what is known so far about the circadian rhythms in legumes, which include major as well as potential future pulse crops that are packed with nutrients, particularly protein. Based on existing literature, this review also identifies the knowledge gaps that should be addressed to build a sustainable food future with the reputed “poor man’s meat”.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Zhai H, Wang Y, Tian X, Zhang Y, Wu H, Lü S, Yang G, Li Y, Wang L, Hu B, Bu Q, Xia Z. Functional conservation and diversification of the soybean maturity gene E1 and its homologs in legumes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29548. [PMID: 27405888 PMCID: PMC4942777 DOI: 10.1038/srep29548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks involved in flowering time and photoperiodic responses in legumes remain unknown. Although the major maturity gene E1 has been successfully deciphered in soybean, knowledge on the functional conservation of this gene is limited to a certain extent to E1 homologs in legumes. The ectopic expression of Phvul.009G204600 (PvE1L), an E1 homolog from common bean, delayed the onset of flowering in soybean. By contrast, the ectopic expression of Medtr2g058520 (MtE1L) from Medicago truncatula did not affect the flowering of soybean. Characterization of the late-flowering mte1l mutant indicated that MtE1L promoted flowering in Medicago truncatula. Moreover, all transgenic E1, PvE1L and MtE1L soybean lines exhibited phenotypic changes in terms of plant height. Transgenic E1 or PvE1L plants were taller than the wild-type, whereas transgenic MtE1L plants produced dwarf phenotype with few nodes and short internode. Thus, functional conservation and diversification of E1 family genes from legumes in the regulation of flowering and plant growth may be associated with lineage specification and genomic duplication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shixiang Lü
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- Information Center of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qingyun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhengjun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gentzbittel L, Andersen SU, Ben C, Rickauer M, Stougaard J, Young ND. Naturally occurring diversity helps to reveal genes of adaptive importance in legumes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:269. [PMID: 25954294 PMCID: PMC4404971 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental changes challenge plants and drive adaptation to new conditions, suggesting that natural biodiversity may be a source of adaptive alleles acting through phenotypic plasticity and/or micro-evolution. Crosses between accessions differing for a given trait have been the most common way to disentangle genetic and environmental components. Interestingly, such man-made crosses may combine alleles that never meet in nature. Another way to discover adaptive alleles, inspired by evolution, is to survey large ecotype collections and to use association genetics to identify loci of interest. Both of these two genetic approaches are based on the use of biodiversity and may eventually help us in identifying the genes that plants use to respond to challenges such as short-term stresses or those due to global climate change. In legumes, two wild species, Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus, plus the cultivated soybean (Glycine max) have been adopted as models for genomic studies. In this review, we will discuss the resources, limitations and future plans for a systematic use of biodiversity resources in model legumes to pinpoint genes of adaptive importance in legumes, and their application in breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Gentzbittel
- EcoLab Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Université Fédérale de ToulouseCastanet Tolosan, France
- EcoLab Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCastanet Tolosan, France
| | - Stig U. Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Cécile Ben
- EcoLab Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Université Fédérale de ToulouseCastanet Tolosan, France
- EcoLab Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCastanet Tolosan, France
| | - Martina Rickauer
- EcoLab Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Université Fédérale de ToulouseCastanet Tolosan, France
- EcoLab Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCastanet Tolosan, France
| | - Jens Stougaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Nevin D. Young
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|