1
|
Fungi Affecting Wall Paintings of Historical Value: A Worldwide Meta-Analysis of Their Detected Diversity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12062988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Wall paintings have been a cultural expression of human creativity throughout history. Their degradation or destruction represents a loss to the world’s cultural heritage, and fungi have been identified as a major contributor to their decay. We provide a critical review of fungi isolated from worldwide wall paintings between 1961–2021. One-hundred three scientific papers were reviewed focusing on fungal diversity, isolation protocols, and spatial distribution of data. The study sites were grouped into five environmental categories on the basis of the expected major microclimatic conditions (temperature, relative humidity, ventilation), and the possible relationship with the species found was investigated. The highest number of records were localized in Europe, with 38 sites on a total of 74, 20 of which were from Italy. A total of 378 fungal entries were obtained, consisting of 1209 records, belonging to 260 different species and 173 genera. The accuracy level in taxa determination was highly variable among different papers analyzed. Data showed a dominance of Ascomycota, mainly of orders Eurotiales and Hypocreales probably due to their wide distribution and easily air dispersed spores and due to the possible pitfalls linked to the isolation methods, favoring rapidly growing taxa. Statistical analyses revealed that fungal communities were not strictly linked to environmental categories with different ventilation, temperature, and humidity. Such findings may be due to the wide geographical area, the wide heterogeneity of the data, and/or the absence of standardized sampling and analyses protocols. They could also be the result of the dominance of some prevailing factors in the various sites that mask the influence one of each other.
Collapse
|
2
|
Kiyuna T, An KD, Kigawa R, Sano C, Sugiyama J. Two new Cladophialophora species, C. tumbae sp. nov. and C. tumulicola sp. nov., and chaetothyrialean fungi from biodeteriorated samples in the Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli. MYCOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
3
|
Kiyuna T, An KD, Kigawa R, Sano C, Sugiyama J. Noteworthy anamorphic fungi, Cephalotrichum verrucisporum, Sagenomella striatispora, and Sagenomella griseoviridis, isolated from biodeteriorated samples in the Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli, Nara, Japan. MYCOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
4
|
Adetutu EM, Thorpe K, Bourne S, Cao X, Shahsavari E, Kirby G, Ball AS. Phylogenetic diversity of fungal communities in areas accessible and not accessible to tourists in Naracoorte Caves. Mycologia 2017; 103:959-68. [DOI: 10.3852/10-256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krystal Thorpe
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| | - Steven Bourne
- Department for Environment and Heritage, Box 134, Naracoorte, SA 5271 Australia
| | - Xiangsheng Cao
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001 Australia, and College of Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China 100124
| | | | | | - Andrew S. Ball
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sugiyama J, Kiyuna T, Nishijima M, An KD, Nagatsuka Y, Tazato N, Handa Y, Hata-Tomita J, Sato Y, Kigawa R, Sano C. Polyphasic insights into the microbiomes of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus and Kitora Tumulus. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2017; 63:63-113. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoshinori Sato
- Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
| | - Rika Kigawa
- Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
| | - Chie Sano
- Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nagatsuka Y, Kiyuna T, Kigawa R, Sano C, Sugiyama J. Prototheca tumulicola sp. nov., a novel achlorophyllous, yeast-like microalga isolated from the stone chamber interior of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus. MYCOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
7
|
Nagatsuka Y, Ninomiya S, Kiyuna T, Kigawa R, Sano C, Sugiyama J. Yamadazyma kitorensis f.a., sp. nov. and Zygoascus biomembranicola f.a., sp. nov., novel yeasts from the stone chamber interior of the Kitora tumulus, and five novel combinations in Yamadazyma and Zygoascus for species of Candida. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:1692-1704. [PMID: 26813027 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of D1/D2 large-subunit (LSU) rRNA gene sequences predicted that 17 yeast isolates, mainly from viscous gels (biofilms) taken from the stone chamber interior of the Kitora tumulus in Nara, Japan, were placed in the Yamadazyma and Zygoascus clades. Polyphasic characterization, including morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, multigene sequence divergence and DNA-DNA hybridization, strongly suggested the assignment of one novel species to each of the clades; these are Yamadazyma kitorensis f.a., sp. nov., with the type strain JCM 31005T (ex-type CBS 14158T=isolate K8617-6-8T), and Zygoascus biomembranicola f.a., sp. nov., with the type strain JCM 31007T (ex-type CBS 14157T=isolate K61208-2-11T). Furthermore, the transfer of five known species of the genus Candida as novel combinations to the genera Yamadazyma and Zygoascus is proposed; these are Yamadazyma olivae f.a., comb. nov. (type strain CBS 11171T=ATCC MYA-4568T), Yamadazyma tumulicola f.a., comb. nov. (type strain JCM 15403T=ex-type CBS 10917T=isolate T6517-9-5T), Yamadazyma takamatsuzukensis f.a., comb. nov. (type strain JCM 15410T=CBS 10916T = isolate T4922-1-1T), Zygoascus polysorbophila f.a., comb. nov. (type strain NRRL Y-27161T=CBS 7317T) and Zygoascus bituminiphila f.a., comb. nov. (type strain CBS 8813T=MUCL 41424T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nagatsuka
- TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd, 330 Nagasaki, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, 424-0065, Japan
| | - Shinya Ninomiya
- TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd, 330 Nagasaki, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, 424-0065, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kiyuna
- TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd, 330 Nagasaki, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka, 424-0065, Japan
| | - Rika Kigawa
- Independent Administrative Institution, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, 13-43 Ueno Park, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110-8713, Japan
| | - Chie Sano
- Independent Administrative Institution, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, 13-43 Ueno Park, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110-8713, Japan
| | - Junta Sugiyama
- TechnoSuruga Laboratory Co., Ltd, Chiba Branch Office, 3-1532-13 Hasama-cho, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-0822, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kiyuna T, An KD, Kigawa R, Sano C, Miura S, Sugiyama J. “Black particles”, the major colonizers on the ceiling stone of the stone chamber interior of the Kitora Tumulus, Japan, are the bulbilliferous basidiomycete fungus Burgoa anomala. MYCOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Bristle-like fungal colonizers on the stone walls of the Kitora and Takamatsuzuka Tumuli are identified as Kendrickiella phycomyces. MYCOSCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10267-012-0189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
10
|
Takeuchi T, Kimura T, Tanaka H, Kaneko S, Ichii S, Kiuchi M, Suzuki T. Analysis of volatile metabolites emitted by soil-derived fungi using head space solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: I. Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus nidulans, Fusarium solani and Penicillium paneum. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomoko Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Nara Women's University; Kitauoyanishi-machi; Nara; 630-8506; Japan
| | - Haruna Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Nara Women's University; Kitauoyanishi-machi; Nara; 630-8506; Japan
| | - Sachiyo Kaneko
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science; Nara Women's University; Kitauoyanishi-machi; Nara; 630-8506; Japan
| | - Shoko Ichii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Nara Women's University; Kitauoyanishi-machi; Nara; 630-8506; Japan
| | - Masato Kiuchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Ikeda; Osaka; 563-8577; Japan
| | - Takahito Suzuki
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science; Nara Women's University; Kitauoyanishi-machi; Nara; 630-8506; Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Molecular assessment of fungi in “black spots” that deface murals in the Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli in Japan: Acremonium sect. Gliomastix including Acremonium tumulicola sp. nov. and Acremonium felinum comb. nov. MYCOSCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10267-010-0063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
12
|
The identity of Penicillium sp. 1, a major contaminant of the stone chambers in the Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli in Japan, is Penicillium paneum. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:579-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Structural studies on minor enniatins from Fusarium sp. VI 03441: Novel N-methyl-threonine containing enniatins. Toxicon 2009; 53:734-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2008] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
14
|
Abstract
At present 75 species of Hypocrea have been identified in temperate Europe. Nineteen green-spored species and their Trichoderma asexual states are here described in detail. Extensive searches for Hypocrea teleomorphs in 14 European countries, with emphasis on Central Europe, yielded more than 620 specimens within five years. The morphology of fresh and dry stromata was studied. In addition, available types of species described from Europe were examined. Cultures were prepared from ascospores and used to study the morphology of cultures and anamorphs, to determine growth rates, and to extract DNA that was used for amplification and sequencing of three genetic markers. ITS was used for identification, while RNA polymerase II subunit b (rpb2) and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1) were analyzed for phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus.SEVERAL UNEXPECTED FINDINGS RESULTED FROM THIS PROJECT: 1) The previous view that only a small number of Trichoderma species form a teleomorph is erroneous. 2) All expectations concerning the number of species in Europe are by far exceeded. Seventy-five species of Hypocrea, two species of Protocrea, and Arachnocrea stipata, are herein identified in temperate Europe, based on the ITS identification routine using fresh material, on species described earlier without molecular data and on species recently described but not collected during this project. 3) Current data suggest that the biodiversity of Hypocrea / Trichoderma above soil exceeds the number of species isolated from soil. 4) The number of Trichoderma species forming hyaline conidia has been considered a small fraction. In Europe, 26 species of those forming teleomorphs produce hyaline conidia, while 42 green-conidial species are known. Three of the detected Hypocrea species do not form an anamorph in culture, while the anamorph is unknown in four species, because they have never been cultured.This work is a preliminary account of Hypocrea and their Trichoderma anamorphs in Europe. Of the hyaline-spored species, H. minutispora is by far the most common species in Europe, while of the green-spored species this is H. strictipilosa.General ecology of Hypocrea is discussed. Specific associations, either with host fungi or trees have been found, but the majority of species seems to be necrotrophic on diverse fungi on wood and bark.The taxonomy of the genus will be treated in two parts. In this first part 19 species of Hypocrea with green ascospores, including six new teleomorph and five new anamorph species, are described in detail. All green-spored species belong to previously recognised clades, except H. spinulosa, which forms the new Spinulosa Clade with two additional new species, and H. fomiticola, which belongs to the Semiorbis Clade and forms effuse to large subpulvinate stromata on Fomes fomentarius, a trait new for species with green ascospores. Anamorph names are established prospectively in order to provide a basis for possible policy alterations towards their use for holomorphs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter M Jaklitsch
- Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|