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Scale-Up of Capsular Polysaccharide Production Process by Haemophilus influenzae Type b Using kLa Criterion. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090415. [PMID: 36134961 PMCID: PMC9495314 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate (PRP) from Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is an active immunizing molecule used in the production of the vaccine against H. influenzae, and industrial production could contribute to satisfying a world demand especially in developing countries. In this sense, the aim of this study was to establish a scale-up process using the constant oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa) such as the criterion for production of PRP in three different sizes of bioreactor systems. Three different kLa values (24, 52 and 80 h−1) were evaluated in which the biological influence in a 1.5 L bioreactor and 52 h−1 was selected to scale-up the production process until a 75 L pilot-scale bioreactor was achieved. Finally, the fed-batch phase was started under a dissolved oxygen concentration (pO2) at 30% of the saturation in the 75 L bioreactor to avoid oxygen limitation; the performance of production presented high efficiency (9.0 g/L DCW-dry cell weight and 1.4 g/L PRP) in comparison with previous scale-up studies. The yields, productivity and kinetic behavior were similar in the three-size bioreactor systems in the batch mode indicating that kLa is possible to use for PRP production at large scales. This process operated under two stages and successfully produced DCW and PRP in the pilot scale and could be beneficial for future bioprocess operations that may lead to higher production and less operative cost.
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de Souza AB, de Campos Oliveira R, Santana MHA. How centrifugation influences the recovery and soy peptone incorporation in hyaluronic acid coils from fermentation. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:121-128. [PMID: 34597753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid from fermentation (bio-HA) is a high-added-value biopolymer with a wide range of applications in aesthetic and medical areas. Bio-HA is a capsular exopolysaccharide highly hydrophilic with a coiled structure and high negative charge density at physiological pH. Centrifugation, currently used to separate microbial cells after fermentation, should significantly affect the bio-HA interactions with the medium components. Although the literature shows various centrifugation conditions for bio-HA, there is no concern about its recovery and characterization. We examined how centrifugation influences its recovery and characterized interactions with soy peptone (SP), used as a nitrogen source. We collected experimental data according to a statistical central composite design (CCD) planning with replicates at the central point with time (8-22 min) and spin (582xg to 12,402xg) as independent variables. The obtained results show bio-HA recoveries ranged from 45 ± 0.5-100% as dosed in the supernatant. The incorporation of amino acids and peptides from SP increased HA coils' density, causing losses due to sedimentation at higher spins and times. Furthermore, SP incorporation also changed the coils' size regarding HA standards of molar mass 106,105 and 104 Da. We conclude centrifugation should significantly impact downstream processing and the total cost of bio-HA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Barbosa de Souza
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rhelvis de Campos Oliveira
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Andrade Santana
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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de Souza IM, da Silva MN, Bastos RC, Pereira DDSG, Figueira ECS, Jessouroun E, Leal MDLM, Barreto-Bergter E, da Silveira IAFB. Development and Immunogenicity of a Brazilian Glycoconjugate vaccine against Meningococcal W in a Pilot Scale. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:539-549. [PMID: 34515909 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent changes in the epidemiology of meningococcal have been reported and meningococcal group W (MenW) has become the third most prevalent group isolated in Brazil in the last 10 years. In this study we have developed a conjugate vaccine for MenW using a modified reductive amination conjugation method through a covalent linkage between periodate-oxidized MenW non-O-acetylated polysaccharide and hydrazide-activated monomeric tetanus toxoid. Process control of bulks was done by physicochemical analysis including polysaccharide and protein quantification, high performance liquid chromatography - size exclusion chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance. Conjugate bulks were best produced with concentration of polysaccharide twice as high as protein, at room temperature, and pH approximately 6.0. A scaled-up bulk (100 mg scale) was formulated and inoculated intramuscularly in mice in a dose-response study (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 10.0 µg of polysaccharide/dose). The immunogenicity of conjugate bulks was determined by serum bactericidal assay and ELISA assays of serum from immunized mice. ELISA and SBA titers revealed high titers of IgG and demonstrated the functionality of the antibodies produced in all doses studied 15 days after the third dose. However, significant differences were observed among them by ELISA. In conclusion, this study established the best conditions to produce MenW conjugate bulks and showed the efficacy of the obtained conjugate bulk in induce a good immune response in mice. Further experiments will need to be done to scale up the conjugation reaction and then allow the use of this conjugate in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iaralice Medeiros de Souza
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Bacteriana, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Bio-ManguinhosRio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Química Biológica de Microrganismos, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Laboratório de Química Biológica de Microrganismos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Milton Neto da Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Bacteriana, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Bio-ManguinhosRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Chagas Bastos
- Laboratório de Macromoléculas, Bio-Manguinhos Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ellen Jessouroun
- Programa de Vacinas Bacterianas, Bio-Manguinhos Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Barreto-Bergter
- Laboratório de Química Biológica de Microrganismos, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Quantification of residual cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium deoxycholate (DOC) in Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) polysaccharide using NMR. Biologicals 2021; 70:22-27. [PMID: 33582025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CTAB and DOC are used as reagents in the purification of Hib polysaccharide. Polysaccharide is purified by precipitation with CTAB from fermented broth followed by solvent extraction and DOC is used to remove the protein impurities. The reagents used in the purification process should be removed from the product as per regulatory requirements. These two residual reagents can be easily identified and quantified in purified Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide by NMR. The LOD of these residual reagents is 0.1% (10 μg/mL) and LOQ is 0.5% (50 μg/mL) with respect to polysaccharide determined from the spectrum. The absence of the peaks corresponding to CTAB and DOC in the NMR spectrum of purified polysaccharide confirms either they are absent or present at less than 0.1%. The present study provides supporting data from the regulatory viewpoint, which can help in circumventing the time-consuming studies for the vaccine manufacturers to develop different analytical methods for identification and quantification of CTAB and DOC as per regulatory requirements.
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Use of NMR as an analytical tool in the process development of conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and meningococcal serogroup A (MenA). Biologicals 2019; 62:102-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Shende N, Karale A, Marathe P, Chakraborty S, Mallya AD, Dhere RM. Quantitation of residual sodium dodecyl sulfate in meningococcal polysaccharide by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biologicals 2019; 60:68-74. [PMID: 31126703 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is a commonly used surfactant in protein solubilization and also during the polysaccharide purification. A GC-MS method has been developed to quantitate residual SDS in meningococcal polysaccharide serogroups A,C,W,Y and X circumventing the need of spectroscopic assays and HPLC based methods which are either unstable or requires the confirmation by MS. The developed method is based on quantitative conversion of SDS to 1-dodecanol at elevated temperature. Meningococcal polysaccharides and SDS standards were treated with methanolic-HCl and extracted in n-Hexane. The conversion of SDS to 1-dodecanol was confirmed by mass spectra and separation was achieved using a DB-5ms column. The mass spectral analysis of 1-dodecanol showed characteristic ions at m/z 168, 140 and 125. The GC-MS method validation performed on intermediate and purified meningococcal polysaccharides showed linearity with r2 > 0.99 over the concentration range of 2.5-200 μg/ml with LOD and LOQ of 1.27 and 3.85 respectively. The method was found to be precise, robust and accurate with spike recovery ranging 83-117%. The GC-MS method can be used in the quantitation of residual SDS during polysaccharide purification and provides valuable information about consistency of polysaccharide manufacturing process for development of pentavalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Shende
- Research and Development Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Hadapsar, Pune, 411028, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijeet Karale
- Research and Development Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Hadapsar, Pune, 411028, Maharashtra, India
| | - Preeti Marathe
- Research and Development Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Hadapsar, Pune, 411028, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sourish Chakraborty
- Research and Development Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Hadapsar, Pune, 411028, Maharashtra, India
| | - Asha D Mallya
- Research and Development Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Hadapsar, Pune, 411028, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rajeev M Dhere
- Research and Development Department, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd, Hadapsar, Pune, 411028, Maharashtra, India
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Impact of module geometry on the ultrafiltration behavior of capsular polysaccharides for vaccines. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Momen SB, Siadat SD, Akbari N, Ranjbar B, Khajeh K. Applying Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Growth and Biomass Production of Haemophilus influenzae Type b. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2016; 9:e25246. [PMID: 27630761 PMCID: PMC5011407 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.25246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia, cellulitis, bacteremia, and septic arthritis in infants and young children. The Hib capsule contains the major virulence factor, and is composed of polyribosyl ribitol phosphate (PRP) that can induce immune system response. Vaccines consisting of Hib capsular polysaccharide (PRP) conjugated to a carrier protein are effective in the prevention of the infections. However, due to costly processes in PRP production, these vaccines are too expensive. Objectives To enhance biomass, in this research we focused on optimizing Hib growth with respect to physical factors such as pH, temperature, and agitation by using a response surface methodology (RSM). Materials and Methods We employed a central composite design (CCD) and a response surface methodology to determine the optimum cultivation conditions for growth and biomass production of H. influenzae type b. The treatment factors investigated were initial pH, agitation, and temperature, using shaking flasks. After Hib cultivation and determination of dry biomass, analysis of experimental data was performed by the RSM-CCD. Results The model showed that temperature and pH had an interactive effect on Hib biomass production. The dry biomass produced in shaking flasks was about 5470 mg/L, which was under an initial pH of 8.5, at 250 rpm and 35° C. Conclusions We found CCD and RSM very effective in optimizing Hib culture conditions, and Hib biomass production was greatly influenced by pH and incubation temperature. Therefore, optimization of the growth factors to maximize Hib production can lead to 1) an increase in bacterial biomass and PRP productions, 2) lower vaccine prices, 3) vaccination of more susceptible populations, and 4) lower risk of Hib infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Bahman Momen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat-Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Neda Akbari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, IR Iran
| | - Bijan Ranjbar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat-Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat-Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Khosro Khajeh, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat-Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2182884717, Fax: +98-2182884718, E-mail:
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Zanardo RT, Ferri ALS, Figueiredo DB, Kraschowetz S, Cabrera-Crespo J, Gonçalves VM. DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW PROCESS FOR PURIFICATION OF CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE FROM Streptococcus pneumoniae SEROTYPE 14. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20160333s20150140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. T. Zanardo
- Instituto Butantan, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. L. S. Ferri
- Instituto Butantan, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - S. Kraschowetz
- Instituto Butantan, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Besnard L, Fabre V, Fettig M, Gousseinov E, Kawakami Y, Laroudie N, Scanlan C, Pattnaik P. Clarification of vaccines: An overview of filter based technology trends and best practices. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Hadidi M, Buckley JJ, Zydney AL. Ultrafiltration behavior of bacterial polysaccharides used in vaccines. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sharma S, Hanif S, Kumar N, Joshi N, Rana R, Dalal J, Singh D, Chhikara MK. Rapid processes for purification of capsular polysaccharides from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A and C. Biologicals 2015; 43:383-9. [PMID: 26123432 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoconjugate vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis are highly effective, however most of these vaccines are expensive and still out of reach in the developing world as well as the technical know-how and the set-up required for the consistent production of pure polysaccharide is limited. Our laboratory has developed rapid, efficient and scalable processes for the downstream purification of N. meningitidis serogroup A (MenA) and serogroup C (MenC) capsular polysaccharides (PS). The MenC-PS was purified with a novel 2-step procedure including de-O-acetylation and hydrophobic interaction chromatography whereas, MenA-PS was purified using a rapid method as compared to the prior art. The purified PSs were analyzed by various analytical tests including nuclear magnetic resonance, molecular weight, composition and purity analyses to meet desired specifications. Our results provide a proof of principle for the purification of MenA-PS and MenC-PS with reduced timelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sarmad Hanif
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neeraj Joshi
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Rakesh Rana
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Juned Dalal
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Deepti Singh
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Chhikara
- MSD Wellcome Trust Hilleman Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Floor, Nanotechnology Building, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Braga L, Da Silva T, Cintra F, Takagi M. Mathematical model for simultaneous microfiltration and ultrafiltration of Haemophilus influenzae type b to cell separation and polysaccharide recovery. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Albani SMF, da Silva MR, Fratelli F, Junior CPC, Iourtov D, Cintra FDO, Takagi M, Cabrera-Crespo J. Polysaccharide purification from Haemophilus influenzae type b through tangential microfiltration. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 116:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cintra FDO, Takagi M. Study of the chemical stability of the capsular polysaccharide produced by Haemophilus influenzae type b. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 116:167-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schiraldi C, Alfano A, Cimini D, Rosa MD, Panariello A, Restaino OF, Rosa MD. Application of a 22L scale membrane bioreactor and cross-flow ultrafiltration to obtain purified chondroitin. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 28:1012-8. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Improvement in the Purification Process of the Capsular Polysaccharide from Haemophilus influenzae Type b by Using Tangential Ultrafiltration and Diafiltration. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:2068-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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