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Al-Sakkaf MK, Basfer I, Iddrisu M, Bahadi SA, Nasser MS, Abussaud B, Drmosh QA, Onaizi SA. An Up-to-Date Review on the Remediation of Dyes and Phenolic Compounds from Wastewaters Using Enzymes Immobilized on Emerging and Nanostructured Materials: Promises and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2152. [PMID: 37570470 PMCID: PMC10420689 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the critical issue of water pollution, this review article emphasizes the need to remove hazardous dyes and phenolic compounds from wastewater. These pollutants pose severe risks due to their toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. The study explores various techniques for the remediation of organic contaminants from wastewater, including an enzymatic approach. A significant challenge in enzymatic wastewater treatment is the loss of enzyme activity and difficulty in recovery post-treatment. To mitigate these issues, this review examines the strategy of immobilizing enzymes on newly developed nanostructured materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These materials offer high surface areas, excellent porosity, and ample anchoring sites for effective enzyme immobilization. The review evaluates recent research on enzyme immobilization on these supports and their applications in biocatalytic nanoparticles. It also analyzes the impact of operational factors (e.g., time, pH, and temperature) on dye and phenolic compound removal from wastewater using these enzymes. Despite promising outcomes, this review acknowledges the challenges for large-scale implementation and offers recommendations for future research to tackle these obstacles. This review concludes by suggesting that enzyme immobilization on these emerging materials could present a sustainable, environmentally friendly solution to the escalating water pollution crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K. Al-Sakkaf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Basfer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustapha Iddrisu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem A. Bahadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa S. Nasser
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Basim Abussaud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasem A. Drmosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sagheer A. Onaizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Somu P, Narayanasamy S, Gomez LA, Rajendran S, Lee YR, Balakrishnan D. Immobilization of enzymes for bioremediation: A future remedial and mitigating strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113411. [PMID: 35561819 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, extensive urbanization and industrialization have led to xenobiotics contamination of the environment and also posed a severe threat to human health. Although there are multiple physical and chemical techniques for xenobiotic pollutants management, bioremediation seems to be a promising technology from the environmental perspective. It is an eco-friendly and low-cost method involving the application of microbes, plants, or their enzymes to degrade xenobiotics into less toxic or non-toxic forms. Moreover, bioremediation involving enzymes has gained an advantage over microorganisms or phytoremediation due to better activity for pollutant degradation with less waste generation. However, the significant disadvantages associated with the application of enzymes are low stability (storage, pH, and temperature) as well as the low possibility of reuse as it is hard to separate from reaction media. The immobilization of enzymes without affecting their activity provides a possible solution to the problems and allows reusability by easing the process of separation with improved stability to various environmental factors. The present communication provides an overview of the importance of enzyme immobilization in bioremediation, carrier selection, and immobilization methods, as well as the pros and cons of immobilization and its prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathap Somu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 600124, India
| | - Saranya Narayanasamy
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 600124, India
| | - Levin Anbu Gomez
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to Be University), Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deepanraj Balakrishnan
- College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Azevedo TSM, Silva LKB, Lima ÁS, Pereira MM, Franceschi E, Faria Soares CM. In Silico Evaluation of Enzymatic Tunnels in the Biotransformation of α-Tocopherol Esters. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:805059. [PMID: 35127674 PMCID: PMC8814584 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.805059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation: α-Tocopherol is a molecule obtained primarily from plant sources that are important for the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. However, this component has some limitations such as sensitivity to oxygen, presence of light, and high temperatures. For this molecule to become more widely used, it is important to carry out a structural modification so that there is better stability and thus it can carry out its activities. To carry out this structural modification, some modifications are carried out, including the application of biotransformation using enzymes as biocatalysts. Thus, the application of a computational tool that helps in understanding the transport mechanisms of molecules in the tunnels present in the enzymatic structures is of fundamental importance because it promotes a computational screening facilitating bench applications. Objective: The aim of this work was to perform a computational analysis of the biotransformation of α-tocopherol into tocopherol esters, observing the tunnels present in the enzymatic structures as well as the energies which correspond to the transport of molecules. Method: To carry out this work, 9 lipases from different organisms were selected; their structures were analyzed by identifying the tunnels (quantity, conformation, and possibility of transport) and later the calculations of substrate transport for the biotransformation reaction in the identified tunnels were carried out. Additionally, the transport of the product obtained in the reaction through the tunnels was also carried out. Results: In this work, the quantity of existing tunnels in the morphological conformational characteristics in the lipases was verified. Thus, the enzymes with fewer tunnels were RML (3 tunnels), LBC and RNL (4 tunnels), PBLL (5 tunnels), CALB (6 tunnels), HLG (7 tunnels), and LCR and LTL (8 tunnels) and followed by the enzyme LPP with the largest number of tunnels (39 tunnels). However, the enzyme that was most likely to transport substrates in terms of α-tocopherol biotransformation (in relation to the Emax and Ea energies of ligands and products) was CALB, as it obtains conformational and transport characteristics of molecules with a particularity. The most conditions of transport analysis were α-tocopherol tunnel 3 (Emax: −4.6 kcal/mol; Ea: 1.1 kcal/mol), vinyl acetate tunnel 1 (Emax: −2.4 kcal/mol; Ea: 0.1 kcal/mol), and tocopherol acetate tunnel 2 (Emax: −3.7 kcal/mol; Ea: 2 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Stela Mendonça Azevedo
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Kelly Barros Silva
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Silva Lima
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mendonça Pereira
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO ‐ Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elton Franceschi
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Cleide Mara Faria Soares
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Cleide Mara Faria Soares,
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Sena RO, Carneiro C, Moura MVH, Brêda GC, Pinto MCC, Fé LXSGM, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Manoel EA, Almeida RV, Freire DMG, Cipolatti EP. Application of Rhizomucor miehei lipase-displaying Pichia pastoris whole cell for biodiesel production using agro-industrial residuals as substrate. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:734-743. [PMID: 34455007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed the application of a new biocatalyst for biodiesel production from residual agro-industrial fatty acids. A recombinant Pichia pastoris displaying lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (RML) on the cell surface, using the PIR-1 anchor system, were prepared using glycerol as the carbon source. The biocatalyst, named RML-PIR1 showed optimum temperature of 45 °C (74.0 U/L). The stability tests resulted in t1/2 of 3.49 and 2.15 h at 40 and 45 °C, respectively. RML-PIR1 was applied in esterification reactions using industrial co-products as substrates, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and soybean fatty acid distillate (SFAD). The highest productivity was observed for SFAD after 48 h presenting 79.1% of conversion using only 10% of biocatalyst and free-solvent system. This is about ca. eight times higher than commercial free RML in the same conditions. The stabilizing agents study revealed that the treatment using glutaraldehyde (GA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) enabled increased stability and reuse of biocatalyst. It was observed by SEM analysis that the treatment modified the cell morphology. RML-PIR1-GA presented 87.9% of the initial activity after 6 reuses, whilst the activity of unmodified RML-PIR decreased by 40% after the first use. These results were superior to those obtained in the literature, making this new biocatalyst promising for biotechnological applications, such as the production of biofuels on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Oliveira Sena
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Candida Carneiro
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Victor Holanda Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; SENAI Innovation Institute for Biosynthetics and Fibers, SENAI CETIQT, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Coelho Brêda
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martina C C Pinto
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Department of Biocatalysis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Evelin Andrade Manoel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Volcan Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Denise Maria Guimarães Freire
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Eliane Pereira Cipolatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Biochemical Process Technology, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier, 524 Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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5
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Fazial FF, Tan LL. Phenylalanine-responsive fluorescent biosensor based on graphene oxide-chitosan nanocomposites catalytic film for non-destructive fish freshness grading. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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de Oliveira JM, Fernandes P, Benevides RG, de Assis SA. Production, characterization, and immobilization of protease from the yeast Rhodotorula oryzicola. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:1033-1043. [PMID: 32918838 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The protease was produced extracellularly in submerged fermentation by the yeast Rhodotorula oryzicola using different sources of nitrogen and maximum activity (6.54 × 10-3 U/mg) was obtained in medium containing 2% casein (w/v). Purification of the protease by gel filtration chromatography resulted in a 3.07-fold increase of specific protease activity. The optimal pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 6.51 and 63.04 °C, respectively. Incubation in the presence of some salts enhanced enzyme activity, which peaked under 0.01 M BaCl2 . The enzyme retained about 90% of enzymatic activity at temperatures 50-60 °C. The commercially available enzyme carriers evaluated, silica gel, Celite 545, and chitosan effectively immobilized the protease. The enzyme immobilized in Celite 545 retained 73.53% of the initial activity after 15 reuse cycles. These results are quite promising for large-scale production and immobilization of protease from R. oryzicola, as the high operational stability of the immobilized enzyme lowers production costs in biotechnological applications that require high enzymatic activity and stability under high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Mota de Oliveira
- Enzymology and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fernandes
- DREAMS and Faculty of Engineering, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Bioengineering, IBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raquel Guimarães Benevides
- Enzymology and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aparecida de Assis
- Enzymology and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Health Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
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7
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Almeida LC, Barbosa MS, de Jesus FA, Santos RM, Fricks AT, Freitas LS, Pereira MM, Lima ÁS, Soares CMF. Enzymatic transesterification of coconut oil by using immobilized lipase on biochar: An experimental and molecular docking study. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:801-808. [PMID: 33180374 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Guava seed biochar appears as a new alternative of the effective support to the immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) by physical adsorption. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of this immobilized biocatalyst in the transesterification reaction of crude coconut oil and ethanol and to understand the mechanism of the reaction through the study of molecular docking. The best loading of BCL was determined to be 0.15 genzyme /gsupport having a hydrolytic activity of 260 U/g and 54% immobilization yield. The products of transesterification reaction produced a maximum yield at 40 °C under different reaction conditions. The monoacylglycerols (MAGs) conversion of 59% was using substrate molar ratio oil:ethanol of 1:7 with the reaction time of 24 H. In addition, the highest ethyl esters yield (48%) had the molar ratio of 1:7 with the reaction time of 96 H and maximum conversion of diacylglycerols (DAGs) was 30% with the molar ratio of 1:6 with the reaction time of 24 H. Molecular Docking was applied to clarify the mechanisms of transesterification reaction at the molecular level. MAGs and DAGs are compounds with excellent emulsifying properties used in industrial production of several bioproducts such as cosmetic, pharmaceuticals, foods, and lubricants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberta M Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Alini T Fricks
- Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Lisiane S Freitas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Matheus M Pereira
- Chemistry Department, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Álvaro S Lima
- Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Cleide M F Soares
- Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
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8
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Binhayeeding N, Yunu T, Pichid N, Klomklao S, Sangkharak K. Immobilisation of Candida rugosa lipase on polyhydroxybutyrate via a combination of adsorption and cross-linking agents to enhance acylglycerol production. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Biochemical Characteristics of Microbial Enzymes and Their Significance from Industrial Perspectives. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 61:579-601. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Lisboa M, Rodrigues C, Barbosa A, Mattedi S, Freitas L, Mendes A, Dariva C, Franceschi E, Lima ÁS, Soares C. New perspectives on the modification of silica aerogel particles with ionic liquid used in lipase immobilization with platform in ethyl esters production. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Influence of different immobilization techniques to improve the enantioselectivity of lipase from Geotrichum candidum applied on the resolution of mandelic acid. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Li L, Dyer PW, Greenwell HC. Biodiesel Production via Trans-Esterification Using Pseudomonas cepacia Immobilized on Cellulosic Polyurethane. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:6804-6811. [PMID: 30023961 PMCID: PMC6044566 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, Pseudomonas cepacia lipase immobilized on cellulosic polyurethane was used as a catalyst for biodiesel production via trans-esterification reactions in order to provide cost-effective methods of enzyme recycling. The efficacy of the immobilized enzyme catalyst at low loading (6.2 wt %) and the effects of temperature, water content, and reaction time in model trans-esterification of glyceryl trioctanoate were investigated extensively. It was found that water was necessary for the reaction of glyceryl trioctanoate with ethanol to proceed. A high conversion of glyceryl trioctanoate (∼70%) was obtained at 35 °C, with only 5.0 wt % of water content over a reaction period of 12 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Earth Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Philip W. Dyer
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Earth Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - H. Christopher Greenwell
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Earth Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
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13
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Paper and Fiber-Based Bio-Diagnostic Platforms: Current Challenges and Future Needs. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7080863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Spongin-Based Scaffolds from Hippospongia communis Demosponge as an Effective Support for Lipase Immobilization. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7050147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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15
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Turati DFM, Morais Júnior WG, Terrasan CRF, Moreno-Perez S, Pessela BC, Fernandez-Lorente G, Guisan JM, Carmona EC. Immobilization of Lipase from Penicillium sp. Section Gracilenta (CBMAI 1583) on Different Hydrophobic Supports: Modulation of Functional Properties. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020339. [PMID: 28241445 PMCID: PMC6155730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipases are promising enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol ester bonds at the oil/water interface. Apart from allowing biocatalyst reuse, immobilization can also affect enzyme structure consequently influencing its activity, selectivity, and stability. The lipase from Penicillium sp. section Gracilenta (CBMAI 1583) was successfully immobilized on supports bearing butyl, phenyl, octyl, octadecyl, and divinylbenzyl hydrophobic moieties wherein lipases were adsorbed through the highly hydrophobic opened active site. The highest activity in aqueous medium was observed for the enzyme adsorbed on octyl support, with a 150% hyperactivation regarding the soluble enzyme activity, and the highest adsorption strength was verified with the most hydrophobic support (octadecyl Sepabeads), requiring 5% Triton X-100 to desorb the enzyme from the support. Most of the derivatives presented improved properties such as higher stability to pH, temperature, and organic solvents than the covalently immobilized CNBr derivative (prepared under very mild experimental conditions and thus a reference mimicking free-enzyme behavior). A 30.8- and 46.3-fold thermostabilization was achieved in aqueous medium, respectively, by the octyl Sepharose and Toyopearl butyl derivatives at 60 °C, in relation to the CNBr derivative. The octyl- and phenyl-agarose derivatives retained 50% activity after four and seven cycles of p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolysis, respectively. Different derivatives exhibited different properties regarding their properties for fish oil hydrolysis in aqueous medium and ethanolysis in anhydrous medium. The most active derivative in ethanolysis of fish oil was the enzyme adsorbed on a surface covered by divinylbenzyl moieties and it was 50-fold more active than the enzyme adsorbed on octadecyl support. Despite having identical mechanisms of immobilization, different hydrophobic supports seem to promote different shapes of the adsorbed open active site of the lipase and hence different functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela F M Turati
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biosciences Institute, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Wilson G Morais Júnior
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - César R F Terrasan
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sonia Moreno-Perez
- Pharmacy and Biotechnology Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Benevides C Pessela
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gloria Fernandez-Lorente
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose M Guisan
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (ICP), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eleonora C Carmona
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biosciences Institute, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
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17
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Corradini MCC, Costa BM, Bressani APP, Garcia KCA, Pereira EB, Mendes AA. Improvement of the enzymatic synthesis of ethyl valerate by esterification reaction in a solvent system. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 47:100-109. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1181084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Breno M. Costa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula P. Bressani
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of São João del Rei, Sete Lagoas, Brazil
| | - Karen C. A. Garcia
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of São João del Rei, Sete Lagoas, Brazil
| | - Ernandes B. Pereira
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Adriano A. Mendes
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
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Sirisha VL, Jain A, Jain A. Enzyme Immobilization: An Overview on Methods, Support Material, and Applications of Immobilized Enzymes. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2016; 79:179-211. [PMID: 27770861 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized enzymes can be used in a wide range of processes. In recent years, a variety of new approaches have emerged for the immobilization of enzymes that have greater efficiency and wider usage. During the course of the last two decades, this area has rapidly expanded into a multidisciplinary field. This current study is a comprehensive review of a variety of literature produced on the different enzymes that have been immobilized on various supporting materials. These immobilized enzymes have a wide range of applications. These include applications in the sugar, fish, and wine industries, where they are used for removing organic compounds from waste water. This study also reviews their use in sophisticated biosensors for metabolite control and in situ measurements of environmental pollutants. Immobilized enzymes also find significant application in drug metabolism, biodiesel and antibiotic production, bioremediation, and the food industry. The widespread usage of immobilized enzymes is largely due to the fact that they are cheaper, environment friendly, and much easier to use when compared to equivalent technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Sirisha
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India.
| | - Ankita Jain
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India; University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Amita Jain
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India; D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, India
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Ramos EZ, Júnior RHM, de Castro PF, Tardioli PW, Mendes AA, Fernandéz-Lafuente R, Hirata DB. Production and immobilization of Geotrichum candidum lipase via physical adsorption on eco-friendly support: Characterization of the catalytic properties in hydrolysis and esterification reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Enzymatic synthesis of isoamyl butyrate catalyzed by immobilized lipase on poly-methacrylate particles: optimization, reusability and mass transfer studies. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:1601-13. [PMID: 25935327 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Isoamyl butyrate (banana flavor) was synthesized by esterification reaction of isoamyl alcohol and butyric acid in heptane medium. Immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) prepared via physical adsorption on mesoporous poly-methacrylate particles (PMA) was used as biocatalyst. The factors that affect the esterification reaction were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimal experimental conditions, maximum ester conversion percentage of 96.1 and 73.6% was reached after 50 and 90 min, respectively, for esterification reaction performed at equimolar ratio alcohol:acid at 500 and 2000 mM of each substrate. Under these experimental conditions, the esterification reaction was not controlled by external and intra-particle mass transfer effects. The product (isoamyl butyrate) was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy. Reusability tests showed that the biocatalyst retained around 96 and 31% of its initial activity after eight successive esterification cycles performed at 500 and 2000 mM, respectively. The application of the biocatalyst prepared showed to be a promising strategy to catalyze flavor ester synthesis in a non-aqueous medium.
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Zhu D, Li X, Liao X, Shi B. Polyethyleneimine-grafted collagen fiber as a carrier for cell immobilization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 42:189-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1566-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Collagen fiber (CF), an abundant natural biopolymer, features many favorable properties that make it a potential carrier for cell immobilization. In the present investigation, CF was grafted with polyethyleneimine (PEI) using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the cross-linking agent, resulting in the formation of a novel CF based carrier (CF-PEI). The properties of CF-PEI as a carrier were evaluated by the immobilization of Microbacterium arborescens (CICC 20196), which has glucose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.5) activity. It was found that M. arborescens cells immobilized on CF-PEI exhibited higher glucose isomerization than those using activated carbon or anion exchange resin as the carriers. The Michaelis constant (K m) of the isomerization reaction for the CF-PEI-immobilized M. arborescens cells was 0.528 mol/L, which was slightly higher than that of free cells (0.473 mol/L). In addition, the apparent activation energies (E a) of free and immobilized cells on CF-PEI were almost the same at 60 kJ/mol. In an isomerization reaction of glucose to fructose in a fixed-bed reactor, CF-PEI-immobilized M. arborescens cells showed appreciable activity and operational stability. The corresponding isomerization ratio was as high as 41 % for 20 days, and the half-life was about 40 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyi Zhu
- grid.13291.38 0000000108071581 Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Li
- grid.13291.38 0000000108071581 Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuepin Liao
- grid.13291.38 0000000108071581 Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu People’s Republic of China
- grid.13291.38 0000000108071581 National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu People’s Republic of China
| | - Bi Shi
- grid.13291.38 0000000108071581 Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu People’s Republic of China
- grid.13291.38 0000000108071581 National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu People’s Republic of China
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Wang F, Nie TT, Shao LL, Cui Z. Comparison of physical and covalent immobilization of lipase fromCandida antarcticaon polyamine microspheres of alkylamine matrix. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2014.977266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase onto an eco-friendly support in the presence of ionic liquid. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 38:805-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cai X, Ma J, Wei DZ, Lin JP, Wei W. Functional expression of a novel alkaline-adapted lipase of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from stinky tofu brine and development of immobilized enzyme for biodiesel production. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 106:1049-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Nair RR, Demarche P, Agathos SN. Formulation and characterization of an immobilized laccase biocatalyst and its application to eliminate organic micropollutants in wastewater. N Biotechnol 2013; 30:814-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cabrera-Padilla RY, Albuquerque M, Figueiredo RT, Fricks AT, Franceschi E, Lima AS, A Dos Santos OA, Silva DP, Soares CMF. Immobilization and characterisation of a lipase from a new source, Bacillus sp. ITP-001. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 36:1385-94. [PMID: 23673896 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0875-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new source of lipase from Bacillus sp. ITP-001 was immobilized by physical adsorption on the polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) in aqueous solution. The support and immobilized lipase were characterised, compared to the lyophilised lipase, with regard to the specific surface area, adsorption-desorption isotherms, pore volume (V(p)) and size (dp) by nitrogen adsorption, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, chemical composition analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and biochemical properties. The immobilized enzyme displayed a shift in optimum pH towards the acidic side with an optimum at pH 4.0, whereas the optimum pH for the free enzyme was at pH 7.0; the optimum temperature of activity was 80 and 37 °C for the free and immobilized enzyme, respectively. The inactivation rate constant for the immobilized enzyme at 37 °C was 0.0038 h⁻¹ and the half-life was 182.41 h. The kinetic parameters obtained for the immobilized enzyme gave a Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)) of 49.10 mM and a maximum reaction velocity (V(max)) of 205.03 U/g. Furthermore, the reuse of the lipase immobilized by adsorption allowed us to observe that it could be reused for 10 successive cycles, duration of each cycle (1 h), maintaining 33 % of the initial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Y Cabrera-Padilla
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Bairro Farolândia, 49032-490, Aracaju-SE, Brazil
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Yu D, Ma Y, Xue SJ, Jiang L, Shi J. Characterization of immobilized phospholipase A1 on magnetic nanoparticles for oil degumming application. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Datta S, Christena LR, Rajaram YRS. Enzyme immobilization: an overview on techniques and support materials. 3 Biotech 2013; 3:1-9. [PMID: 28324347 PMCID: PMC3563746 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-012-0071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 550] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current demands of the world’s biotechnological industries are enhancement in enzyme productivity and development of novel techniques for increasing their shelf life. These requirements are inevitable to facilitate large-scale and economic formulation. Enzyme immobilization provides an excellent base for increasing availability of enzyme to the substrate with greater turnover over a considerable period of time. Several natural and synthetic supports have been assessed for their efficiency for enzyme immobilization. Nowadays, immobilized enzymes are preferred over their free counterpart due to their prolonged availability that curtails redundant downstream and purification processes. Future investigations should endeavor at adopting logistic and sensible entrapment techniques along with innovatively modified supports to improve the state of enzyme immobilization and provide new perspectives to the industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Datta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - L Rene Christena
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Yamuna Rani Sriramulu Rajaram
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Shanmuga Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
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