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Li T, Liu X, Xiang H, Zhu H, Lu X, Feng B. Two-Phase Fermentation Systems for Microbial Production of Plant-Derived Terpenes. Molecules 2024; 29:1127. [PMID: 38474639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial cell factories, renowned for their economic and environmental benefits, have emerged as a key trend in academic and industrial areas, particularly in the fermentation of natural compounds. Among these, plant-derived terpenes stand out as a significant class of bioactive natural products. The large-scale production of such terpenes, exemplified by artemisinic acid-a crucial precursor to artemisinin-is now feasible through microbial cell factories. In the fermentation of terpenes, two-phase fermentation technology has been widely applied due to its unique advantages. It facilitates in situ product extraction or adsorption, effectively mitigating the detrimental impact of product accumulation on microbial cells, thereby significantly bolstering the efficiency of microbial production of plant-derived terpenes. This paper reviews the latest developments in two-phase fermentation system applications, focusing on microbial fermentation of plant-derived terpenes. It also discusses the mechanisms influencing microbial biosynthesis of terpenes. Moreover, we introduce some new two-phase fermentation techniques, currently unexplored in terpene fermentation, with the aim of providing more thoughts and explorations on the future applications of two-phase fermentation technology. Lastly, we discuss several challenges in the industrial application of two-phase fermentation systems, especially in downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Li
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Ximeng Liu
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Haoyu Xiang
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Hehua Zhu
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Baomin Feng
- College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
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2
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Santoyo‐Garcia JH, Walls LE, Valdivia‐Cabrera M, Malcı K, Jonguitud‐Borrego N, Halliday KJ, Rios‐Solis L. The synergetic effect from the combination of different adsorption resins in batch and semi-continuous cultivations of S. Cerevisiae cell factories to produce acetylated Taxanes precursors of the anticancer drug Taxol. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2160-2174. [PMID: 37428616 PMCID: PMC10952759 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In situ product recovery is an efficient way to intensify bioprocesses as it can perform adsorption of the desired natural products in the cultivation. However, it is common to use only one adsorbent (liquid or solid) to perform the product recovery. For this study, the use of an in situ product recovery method with three combined commercial resins (HP-20, XAD7HP, and HP-2MG) with different chemical properties was performed. A new yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was engineered using CRISPR Cas9 (strain EJ2) to deliver heterologous expression of oxygenated acetylated taxanes that are precursors of the anticancer drug Taxol ® (paclitaxel). Microscale cultivations using a definitive screening design (DSD) were set to get the best resin combinations and concentrations to retrieve high taxane titers. Once the best resin treatment was selected by the DSD, semi-continuous cultivation in high throughput microscale was performed to increase the total taxanes yield up to 783 ± 33 mg/L. The best T5α-yl Acetate yield obtained was up to 95 ± 4 mg/L, the highest titer of this compound ever reported by a heterologous expression. It was also observed that by using a combination of the resins in the cultivation, 8 additional uncharacterized taxanes were found in the gas chromatograms compared to the dodecane overlay method. Lastly, the cell-waste reactive oxygen species concentrations from the yeast were 1.5-fold lower in the resin's treatment compared to the control with no adsorbent aid. The possible future implications of this method could be critical for bioprocess intensification, allowing the transition to a semi-continuous flow bioprocess. Further, this new methodology broadens the use of different organisms for natural product synthesis/discovery benefiting from clear bioprocess intensification advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge H. Santoyo‐Garcia
- Institute for BioengineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Engineering BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Laura E. Walls
- Institute for BioengineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Engineering BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Marissa Valdivia‐Cabrera
- Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburgh
| | - Koray Malcı
- Institute for BioengineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Engineering BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Present address:
Koray MalcıDepartment of Bioengineering, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nestor Jonguitud‐Borrego
- Institute for BioengineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Engineering BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Karen J. Halliday
- Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburgh
| | - Leonardo Rios‐Solis
- Institute for BioengineeringUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Engineering BiologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Division of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologySchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, The Advanced Centre for Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Evaluation and optimization of analytical procedure and sample preparation for polar Streptomyces albus J1074 metabolome profiling. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:949-957. [PMID: 35664928 PMCID: PMC9157217 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is an essential discipline in omics technology that promotes research on the biology of microbial systems. Streptomyces albus J1074 is a model organism used in fundamental research and industrial microbiology. Nevertheless, a comprehensive and standardized method for analyzing the metabolome of S. albus J1074 is yet to be developed. Thus, we comprehensively evaluated and optimized the analytical procedure and sample preparation for profiling polar metabolites using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). We systematically examined the HILIC columns, quenching solutions, sample-to-quenching ratios, and extraction methods. Then, the optimal protocol was used to investigate the dynamic intracellular polar metabolite profile of the engineered S. albus J1074 strains during spinosad (spinosyn A and spinosyn D) fermentation. A total of 3648 compounds were detected, and 83 metabolites were matched to the standards. The intracellular metabolomic profiles of engineered S. albus J1074 strains (ADE-AP and OE3) were detected; furthermore, their metabolomes in different stages were analyzed to reveal the reasons for their differences in their spinosad production, as well as the current metabolic limitation of heterologous spinosad production in S. albus J1074. The HILIC-HRMS method is a valuable tool for investigating polar metabolomes, and provides a reference methodology to study other Streptomyces metabolomes. A HILIC-HRMS method was developed for polar metabolome profiling. Sample preparation protocol for Streptomyces albus J1074 intracellular metabolites was studied for the first time. This study revealed the possible reasons for different production of spinosad of engineered S. albus J1074 strains.
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Santoyo-Garcia JH, Walls LE, Nowrouzi B, Galindo-Rodriguez GR, Ochoa-Villarreal M, Loake GJ, Dimartino S, Rios-Solis L. In situ solid-liquid extraction enhances recovery of taxadiene from engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell factories. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wang P, Wang X, Yin Y, He M, Tan W, Gao W, Wen J. Increasing the Ascomycin Yield by Relieving the Inhibition of Acetyl/Propionyl-CoA Carboxylase by the Signal Transduction Protein GlnB. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:684193. [PMID: 34122395 PMCID: PMC8187598 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.684193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascomycin (FK520) is a multifunctional antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus. In this study, we demonstrated that the inactivation of GlnB, a signal transduction protein belonging to the PII family, can increase the production of ascomycin by strengthening the supply of the precursors malonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA, which are produced by acetyl-CoA carboxylase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus contains two PII family signal transduction proteins, GlnB and GlnK. Protein co-precipitation experiments demonstrated that GlnB protein could bind to the α subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and this binding could be disassociated by a sufficient concentration of 2-oxoglutarate. Coupled enzyme activity assays further revealed that the interaction between GlnB protein and the α subunit inhibited both the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and this inhibition could be relieved by 2-oxoglutarate in a concentration-dependent manner. Because GlnK protein can act redundantly to maintain metabolic homeostasis under the control of the global nitrogen regulator GlnR, the deletion of GlnB protein enhanced the supply of malonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA by restoring the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase, thereby improving the production of ascomycin to 390 ± 10 mg/L. On this basis, the co-overexpression of the β and ε subunits of propionyl-CoA carboxylase further increased the ascomycin yield to 550 ± 20 mg/L, which was 1.9-fold higher than that of the parent strain FS35 (287 ± 9 mg/L). Taken together, this study provides a novel strategy to increase the production of ascomycin, providing a reference for improving the yield of other antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingliang He
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Wang P, Yin Y, Wang X, Wen J. Enhanced ascomycin production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus by employing polyhydroxybutyrate as an intracellular carbon reservoir and optimizing carbon addition. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:70. [PMID: 33731113 PMCID: PMC7968196 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascomycin is a multifunctional antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus. As a secondary metabolite, the production of ascomycin is often limited by the shortage of precursors during the late fermentation phase. Polyhydroxybutyrate is an intracellular polymer accumulated by prokaryotic microorganisms. Developing polyhydroxybutyrate as an intracellular carbon reservoir for precursor synthesis is of great significance to improve the yield of ascomycin. RESULTS The fermentation characteristics of the parent strain S. hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus FS35 showed that the accumulation and decomposition of polyhydroxybutyrate was respectively correlated with cell growth and ascomycin production. The co-overexpression of the exogenous polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis gene phaC and native polyhydroxybutyrate decomposition gene fkbU increased both the biomass and ascomycin yield. Comparative transcriptional analysis showed that the storage of polyhydroxybutyrate during the exponential phase accelerated biosynthesis processes by stimulating the utilization of carbon sources, while the decomposition of polyhydroxybutyrate during the stationary phase increased the biosynthesis of ascomycin precursors by enhancing the metabolic flux through primary pathways. The comparative analysis of cofactor concentrations confirmed that the biosynthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate depended on the supply of NADH. At low sugar concentrations found in the late exponential phase, the optimization of carbon source addition further strengthened the polyhydroxybutyrate metabolism by increasing the total concentration of cofactors. Finally, in the fermentation medium with 22 g/L starch and 52 g/L dextrin, the ascomycin yield of the co-overexpression strain was increased to 626.30 mg/L, which was 2.11-fold higher than that of the parent strain in the initial medium (296.29 mg/L). CONCLUSIONS Here we report for the first time that polyhydroxybutyrate metabolism is beneficial for cell growth and ascomycin production by acting as an intracellular carbon reservoir, stored as polymers when carbon sources are abundant and depolymerized into monomers for the biosynthesis of precursors when carbon sources are insufficient. The successful application of polyhydroxybutyrate in increasing the output of ascomycin provides a new strategy for improving the yields of other secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. .,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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7
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Barbuto Ferraiuolo S, Cammarota M, Schiraldi C, Restaino OF. Streptomycetes as platform for biotechnological production processes of drugs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:551-568. [PMID: 33394149 PMCID: PMC7780072 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces is one of the most versatile genera for biotechnological applications, widely employed as platform in the production of drugs. Although streptomycetes have a complex life cycle and metabolism that would need multidisciplinary approaches, review papers have generally reported only studies on single aspects like the isolation of new strains and metabolites, morphology investigations, and genetic or metabolic studies. Besides, even if streptomycetes are extensively used in industry, very few review papers have focused their attention on the technical aspects of biotechnological processes of drug production and bioconversion and on the key parameters that have to be set up. This mini-review extensively illustrates the most innovative developments and progresses in biotechnological production and bioconversion processes of antibiotics, immunosuppressant, anticancer, steroidal drugs, and anthelmintic agents by streptomycetes, focusing on the process development aspects, describing the different approaches and technologies used in order to improve the production yields. The influence of nutrients and oxygen on streptomycetes metabolism, new fed-batch fermentation strategies, innovative precursor supplementation approaches, and specific bioreactor design as well as biotechnological strategies coupled with metabolic engineering and genetic tools for strain improvement is described. The use of whole, free, and immobilized cells on unusual supports was also reported for bioconversion processes of drugs. The most outstanding thirty investigations published in the last 8 years are here reported while future trends and perspectives of biotechnological research in the field have been illustrated. KEY POINTS: • Updated Streptomyces biotechnological processes for drug production are reported. • Innovative approaches for Streptomyces-based biotransformation of drugs are reviewed. • News about fermentation and genome systems to enhance secondary metabolite production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Barbuto Ferraiuolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Cammarota
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Odile Francesca Restaino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Sambyal K, Singh RV. Bioprocess and genetic engineering aspects of ascomycin production: a review. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:73. [PMID: 33215240 PMCID: PMC7677420 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascomycin is a highly valuable multifunctional drug which exhibits numerous biological properties. Being an immunosuppressant, it is known to prevent graft rejection in humans and has potential to treat varying skin ailments. Its derivatives represent a novel class of anti-inflammatory macrolactams. But the biosynthetic machinery of ascomycin is still unclear. Due to the structural complexity, there occurs difficulty in its chemical synthesis; therefore, microbial production has been preferred by using Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. ascomyceticus. Through several genetic manipulation and mutagenesis techniques, the yield can be increased by several folds without any difficulties. Genetic engineering has played a significant role in understanding the biosynthetic pathway of ascomycin. SHORT CONCLUSION Recently, many efforts have been made to utilize the therapeutic effects of ascomycin and its derivatives. This article covers concepts related to the production kinetics of ascomycin including an update of the ongoing yield improvement techniques as well as screening method of novel strains for ascomycin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishika Sambyal
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab India
| | - Rahul Vikram Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Zhang B, Zhang YH, Chen Y, Chen K, Jiang SX, Huang K, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Enhanced AmB Production in Streptomyces nodosus by Fermentation Regulation and Rational Combined Feeding Strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:597. [PMID: 32760700 PMCID: PMC7373727 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphotericin B is a clinically important polyene macrolide antibiotic with a broad-spectrum antifungal activity. In this work, the addition of key precursors and differential metabolites, combined with staged fermentation process control strategies, was carried out to improve AmB production. Rationally designed addition strategies were proposed as follows: 4 mg/L isopropanol, 1 mM alanine, 1 g/L pyruvate, and 0.025 g/L nicotinamide were supplemented at 24 h. The AmB titer was ultimately enhanced to 6.63 g/L, with 28.5% increase in shake flasks fermentation. To further promote the biosynthesis of AmB, different glucose feeding strategies were investigated and the highest AmB titer (15.78 g/L) was obtained by constant speed fed-batch fermentation in a 5-L fermentor. Subsequently, compared with the batch fermentation (9.89 g/L), a novel combined feeding strategy was ultimately developed to improve the production of AmB by 85.9%, reaching 18.39 g/L that is the highest titer of AmB ever reported so far, in which the optimized components were fed at 24 h and the staged fermentation regulation strategies were used simultaneously. Moreover, the ratio of co-metabolite AmA decreased by 32.3%, from 3.1 to 2.1%. Through the detection of extracellular organic acids, the changes in α-ketoglutaric acid, pyruvate, and citric acid concentrations were identified as the most flexible metabolite nodes to further clarify the potential mechanism under different fermentation regulation strategies. These results demonstrated that the strategies above may provide new guidance for the industrial-scale production of AmB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Chen
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Xian Jiang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Huang
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Yu Z, Lv H, Wu Y, Wei T, Yang S, Ju D, Chen S. Enhancement of FK520 production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus by combining traditional mutagenesis with metabolic engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9593-9606. [PMID: 31713669 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
FK520 (ascomycin), a 23-membered macrolide with immunosuppressive activity, is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The problem of low yield and high impurities (mainly FK523) limits the industrialized production of FK520. In this study, the FK520 yield was significantly improved by strain mutagenesis and genetic engineering. First, a FK520 high-producing strain SFK-6-33 (2432.2 mg/L) was obtained from SFK-36 (1588.4 mg/L) through ultraviolet radiation mutation coupled with streptomycin resistance screening. The endogenous crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase (FkbS) was found to play an important role in FK520 biosynthesis, identified with CRISPR/dCas9 inhibition system. FkbS was overexpressed in SFK-6-33 to obtain the engineered strain SFK-OfkbS, which produced 2817.0 mg/L of FK520 resulting from an increase in intracellular ethylmalonyl-CoA levels. In addition, the FK520 levels could be further increased with supplementation of crotonic acid in SFK-OfkbS. Overexpression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), used for the synthesis of malonyl-CoA, was also investigated in SFK-6-33, which improved the FK520 yield to 3320.1 mg/L but showed no significant inhibition in FK523 production. To further enhance FK520 production, FkbS and ACCase combinatorial overexpression strain SFK-OASN was constructed; the FK520 production increased by 44.4% to 3511.4 mg/L, and the FK523/FK520 ratio was reduced from 9.6 to 5.6% compared with that in SFK-6-33. Finally, a fed-batch culture was carried out in a 5-L fermenter, and the FK520 yield reached 3913.9 mg/L at 168 h by feeding glycerol, representing the highest FK520 yield reported thus far. These results demonstrated that traditional mutagenesis combined with metabolic engineering was an effective strategy to improve FK520 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhituo Yu
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huihui Lv
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuanjie Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tengyun Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shaoxin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Wang C, Huang D, Liang S. Identification and metabolomic analysis of chemical elicitors for tacrolimus accumulation in Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7541-7553. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Khakimov B, Christiansen LD, Heins A, Sørensen KM, Schöller C, Clausen A, Skov T, Gernaey KV, Engelsen SB. Untargeted GC‐MS Metabolomics Reveals Changes in the Metabolite Dynamics of Industrial Scale Batch Fermentations of
Streptoccoccus thermophilus
Broth. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bekzod Khakimov
- Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Food ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | | | - Anna‐Lena Heins
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkBuilding 2292800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Klavs M. Sørensen
- Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Food ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | | | | | - Thomas Skov
- Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Food ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Krist V. Gernaey
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkBuilding 2292800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Søren B. Engelsen
- Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Food ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark
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Wang J, Wang C, Song K, Wen J. Metabolic network model guided engineering ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway to improve ascomycin production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:169. [PMID: 28974216 PMCID: PMC5627430 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ascomycin is a 23-membered polyketide macrolide with high immunosuppressant and antifungal activity. As the lower production in bio-fermentation, global metabolic analysis is required to further explore its biosynthetic network and determine the key limiting steps for rationally engineering. To achieve this goal, an engineering approach guided by a metabolic network model was implemented to better understand ascomycin biosynthesis and improve its production. Results The metabolic conservation of Streptomyces species was first investigated by comparing the metabolic enzymes of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) with those of 31 Streptomyces strains, the results showed that more than 72% of the examined proteins had high sequence similarity with counterparts in every surveyed strain. And it was found that metabolic reactions are more highly conserved than the enzymes themselves because of its lower diversity of metabolic functions than that of genes. The main source of the observed metabolic differences was from the diversity of secondary metabolism. According to the high conservation of primary metabolic reactions in Streptomyces species, the metabolic network model of Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus was constructed based on the latest reported metabolic model of S. coelicolor A3(2) and validated experimentally. By coupling with flux balance analysis and using minimization of metabolic adjustment algorithm, potential targets for ascomycin overproduction were predicted. Since several of the preferred targets were highly associated with ethylmalonyl-CoA biosynthesis, two target genes hcd (encoding 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase) and ccr (encoding crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase) were selected for overexpression in S. hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus FS35. Both the mutants HA-Hcd and HA-Ccr showed higher ascomycin titer, which was consistent with the model predictions. Furthermore, the combined effects of the two genes were evaluated and the strain HA-Hcd-Ccr with hcd and ccr overexpression exhibited the highest ascomycin production (up to 438.95 mg/L), 1.43-folds improvement than that of the parent strain FS35 (305.56 mg/L). Conclusions The successful constructing and experimental validation of the metabolic model of S. hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus showed that the general metabolic network model of Streptomyces species could be used to analyze the intracellular metabolism and predict the potential key limiting steps for target metabolites overproduction. The corresponding overexpression strains of the two identified genes (hcd and ccr) using the constructed model all displayed higher ascomycin titer. The strategy for yield improvement developed here could also be extended to the improvement of other secondary metabolites in Streptomyces species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0787-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejing Song
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China. .,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
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Engineering of the LysR family transcriptional regulator FkbR1 and its target gene to improve ascomycin production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4581-4592. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Wang J, Liu H, Huang D, Jin L, Wang C, Wen J. Comparative proteomic and metabolomic analysis of Streptomyces tsukubaensis reveals the metabolic mechanism of FK506 overproduction by feeding soybean oil. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2447-2465. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Qi H, Lv M, Song K, Wen J. Integration of parallel13C-labeling experiments and in silico pathway analysis for enhanced production of ascomycin. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:1036-1044. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haishan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Kejing Song
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University; Tianjin People's Republic of China
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