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Choi JY, Chon K, Kim J, Vasamsetti BMK, Kim BS, Yoon CY, Hwang S, Park KH, Lee JH. Assessment of Lambda-Cyhalothrin and Spinetoram Toxicity and Their Effects on the Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes and Acetylcholinesterase in Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera) Larvae. INSECTS 2024; 15:587. [PMID: 39194792 DOI: 10.3390/insects15080587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Honeybees play a crucial role as agricultural pollinators and are frequently exposed to various pollutants, including pesticides. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin (LCY) and spinetoram (SPI) in honey bee larvae reared in vitro through single (acute) and repeated (chronic) exposure. The acute LD50 values for LCY and SPI were 0.058 (0.051-0.066) and 0.026 (0.01-0.045) μg a.i./larva, respectively. In chronic exposure, the LD50 values of LCY and SPI were 0.040 (0.033-0.046) and 0.017 (0.014-0.019) μg a.i./larva, respectively. The chronic no-observed-effect dose of LCY and SPI was 0.0125 μg a.i./larva. Adult deformation rates exceeded 30% in all LCY treatment groups, showing statistically significant differences compared to the solvent control group (SCG). Similarly, SPI-treated bees exhibited significantly more deformities than SCG. Furthermore, we examined the activities of several enzymes, namely, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in larvae, pupae, and newly emerged bees after chronic exposure at the larval stage (honey bee larval chronic LD50, LD50/10 (1/10th of LD50), and LD50/20 (1/20th of LD50)). LCY and SPI induced significant changes in detoxification (GST), antioxidative (SOD and CAT), and signaling enzymes (AChE) during the developmental stages (larvae, pupae, and adults) of honey bees at sublethal and residue levels. Our results indicate that LCY and SPI may affect the development of honey bees and alter the activity of enzymes associated with oxidative stress, detoxification, and neurotransmission. These results highlight the potential risks that LCY and SPI may pose to the health and normal development of honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeong Choi
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyongmi Chon
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeong Kim
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bala Murali Krishna Vasamsetti
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Seon Kim
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Young Yoon
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojeong Hwang
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hun Park
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea
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Zhu X, Zhan Y, Jia X, Li M, Yin T, Wang J. Combined effects of spinetoram and Microcystis aeruginosa on Daphnia pulex offspring: Maternal effects and multigenerational implications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141376. [PMID: 38316281 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwater ecosystems detrimentally affect global water environments. Zooplankton's role in controlling HABs is hindered by contaminant exposure, necessitating research into combined stressors' ecological impacts. The response of Daphnia, a freshwater keystone species, to environmental stressors can be influenced by its maternal effects. Here, we investigated the combined effects of the world-widely used insecticide spinetoram and non-toxic HABs species Microcystis aeruginosa on the life-history traits of D. pulex offspring produced from different maternal food conditions. Four maternal groups were established, with each group receiving a specific blend of C. vulgaris (Ch) and M. aeruginosa (Ma) in varying proportions: A (100% Ch), B (90% Ch + 10% Ma), C (80% Ch + 20% Ma), and D (70% Ch + 30% Ma). The offspring from the third brood were gathered, and a 21-day experiment was carried out, involving various feeding groups (AA, AD, BA, BB, CA, CC, DA, and DD). Results demonstrated that grazing on M. aeruginosa by D. pulex induced maternal effects on their offspring, with the continuous exposure group showing an enhanced tolerance to M. aeruginosa. This study also unveiled that spinetoram could interfere with the molting of D. pulex, leading to developmental retardation. The Recovery Group exhibited an intriguing phenomenon: under the influence of both concentrations of the pesticide spinetoram (0.18, 0.35 μg L-1), D. pulex produced more offspring. This might be due to a combined strategy of allocating more energy towards reproduction in response to low-quality food and a potential hormetic effect from low concentrations of spinetoram. Assessing the interplay of combined stressors across multiple generations, encompassing harmful algal blooms (HABs) and environmental pollutants, is essential for predicting population responses to evolving environmental conditions. This understanding is vital for the protection and management of aquatic environments and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210049, China
| | - Yihe Zhan
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Xuanhe Jia
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210049, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Tianchi Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Chen F, Lu J, Li M, Yang J, Xu W, Jiang X, Zhang Y. Spinetoram-Induced Potential Neurotoxicity through Autophagy Mediated by Mitochondrial Damage. Molecules 2024; 29:253. [PMID: 38202836 PMCID: PMC10780237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinetoram is an important semi-synthetic insecticide extensively applied in agriculture. It is neurotoxic to insects, primarily by acting on acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, few studies have examined the neurotoxicity of spinetoram in human beings. In this study, various concentrations (5, 10, 15, and 20 μM) of spinetoram were employed to expose SH-SY5Y cells in order to study the neurotoxic effects of spinetoram. The results showed that spinetoram exposure markedly inhibited cell viability and induced oxidative stress. It also induced mitochondrial membrane potential collapse (ΔΨm), and then caused a massive opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), a decrease in ATP synthesis, and Ca2+ overloading. Furthermore, spinetoram exposure induced cellular autophagy, as evidenced by the formation of autophagosomes, the conversion of LC3-I into LC3-II, down-regulation of p62, and up-regulation of beclin-1. In addition, we observed that p-mTOR expression decreased, while p-AMPK expression increased when exposed to spinetoram, indicating spinetoram triggered AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Complementarily, the effect of spinetoram on neurobehavior was studied using the zebrafish model. After being exposed to different concentrations (5, 10, and 20 μg/mL) of spinetoram, zebrafish showed neurobehavioral irregularities, such as reduced frequency of tail swings and spontaneous movements. Similarly, autophagy was also observed in zebrafish. In conclusion, spinetoram exposure produced potential neurotoxicity through autophagy mediated by mitochondrial damage. The experimental data and results of the neurotoxicity study of spinetoram provided above are intended to serve as reference for its safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (F.C.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Jin Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (F.C.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Meng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (F.C.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Junwu Yang
- Frog Prince (Fujian) Baby&Child Care Product Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou 363000, China;
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (F.C.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Xufeng Jiang
- Ugel Cosmetics PTE Ltd., Singapore 349561, Singapore
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (F.C.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (W.X.)
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Huisamen E, Bosua HJ, Karsten M, Terblanche JS. Sub-lethal effects of spinetoram application interacts with temperature in complex ways to influence respiratory metabolism, life history and macronutrient composition in false codling moth (Thaumatotibia leucotreta). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 145:104490. [PMID: 36773842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In many pests, insecticide efficacy is dependent on environmental conditions, including ambient temperature. However, it remains unknown if thermal history alters sub-lethal effects to potentially enhance or reduce pesticide resistance in the false codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta. Here, using FCM, a pest of economic importance in South Africa infesting several commercial food crops, we report results of sub-lethal exposure to spinetoram, an insecticide that disrupts the nervous system. We investigate whether insecticide efficacy is temperature dependent or perhaps interacts with thermal history by testing the effect of a combination of a sub-lethal dose of spinetoram (4 mg/100 ml) and developmental temperature acclimation (22˚C and 28˚C, i.e., a few degrees above or below optimal development temperatures) on the metabolic rate, life history traits and body composition of FCM in the laboratory. A sub-lethal dose of spinetoram reduced metabolic rate of FCM pupae significantly, led to smaller pupal mass and decreased emergence rates. Additionally, males acclimated at 28 °C had a significantly higher emergence rate compared to males acclimated at 22 °C. Body water, body lipids and body protein reserves of adult FCM tended to be higher in the insecticide treatment compared to the control in the 22 °C acclimation group. In the 28 °C acclimation group, body water, lipids and proteins were lower in the insecticide treatment versus the control. Furthermore, sex influenced both emergence rate and body composition with the direction of change depending on insecticide and temperature treatments. Overall, a sub-lethal dose of spinetoram negatively affects body composition and life history traits but interacts with temperature in complex ways. Therefore, both lethal and sub-lethal effects of spinetoram on FCM, in combination with information on the thermal environment experienced by the pest, should be taken into consideration when pest control decisions are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Huisamen
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
| | - Henrika J Bosua
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
| | - Minette Karsten
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
| | - John S Terblanche
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
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Biological Activity of Hybrid Molecules Based on Major Constituents of Cinnammomun verum and Thymus vulgaris Essential Oils. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020499. [PMID: 36836856 PMCID: PMC9966931 DOI: 10.3390/life13020499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used by humans since ancient times due their antimicrobial and medicinal properties. Essential oils (EOs) are complex mixtures of secondary plant metabolites, including terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and other aromatic compounds. Cinnamomun verum and Thyme vulgaris EOs and their organic extracts exert numerous biological activities because of their major compounds, particularly thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, and benzoic and cinnamic acid. The structural motifs presented by these phytochemicals are responsible for their biological activities. Modification or hybridization of these structures could lead to new bio-based compounds with improved efficacy or multiple modes of action. In this work, we aimed to develop reliable methods of obtaining six hybrid molecules from the major constituents of C. verum and T. vulgaris EOs. For the first time, we tested their efficacy in the inhibition of the mycelium growth and spore germination of two of the most important phytopathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and one opportunistic human pathogen, Aspergillus niger. The cytotoxic activity of the obtained hybrids was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality assay. In addition, we report for the first time a biocatalytic process for the obtention of these bioactive hybrid molecules. The results of this work enable the possibility of using hybrid molecules based on the major constituents of EOs as active ingredients in strategic industries such as agriculture, aquaculture, and pharmaceuticals.
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Khallaf A, Wang P, Zhuo S, Zhu H, Liu H. Structural design and insecticidal activity of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐ring containing pyridylpyrazole‐4‐carboxamides. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Khallaf
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Road Zibo P. R. China
- Department of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech. University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Road Zibo P. R. China
| | - Shuping Zhuo
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Road Zibo P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech. University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Road Zibo P. R. China
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Li D, Zhi J, Yue W, Zhang T, Liu L. Resistance to Spinetoram Affects Host Adaptability of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Based on Detoxifying Enzyme Activities and an Age-Stage-Two-Sex Life Table. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:780-789. [PMID: 35834261 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The western flower thrip (WFT) Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) is a serious agricultural pest with a wide host range which has developed resistance to several groups of insecticides. In this study, the effect of insecticide resistance on WFT host adaptability was explored by examining changes in detoxification enzyme activities and thrip development, and reproduction on preferred and less preferred host plants, eggplant Solanum melongena L. and broad bean Vicia faba L., respectively. Thrips were screened with spinetoram on kidney bean for six generations. Activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), mixed function oxidases (MFOs), and cytochrome P450 enzyme (P450) in a resistant strain (RS) reared on broad bean were significantly higher than those in a sensitive strain (SS), and only carboxylesterase (CarE) increased in the RS when reared on eggplant, compared with the SS. Activities of the four detoxification enzymes in the RS reared on broad bean were significantly higher than in those reared-on eggplant. On broad bean, RS adult longevity was lower and developmental duration of offspring was shorter than those of the SS, but fecundity increased. On eggplant, RS fecundity was lower and developmental duration of offspring was shorter than those of the SS. In addition, fecundity was higher and developmental duration was longer in the RS reared on broad bean than in those reared-on eggplant. The results indicated that spinetoram resistance could change WFT host preference and that those changes might be associated with detoxification enzyme activities. Thus, it was hypothesized that adaptability of the RS to the less preferred host broad bean increased, whereas adaptability to the preferred host eggplant decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyin Li
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Junrui Zhi
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Yue
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, P. R. China
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Shen Q, Zhan Y, Jia X, Li B, Zhu X, Gao T. Combined effects of the pesticide spinetoram and the cyanobacterium Microcystis on the water flea Daphnia pulex. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47148-47158. [PMID: 35175534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spinetoram is one of the most worldwidely used pesticides for its high insecticidal efficacy and low human toxicity. Following the large usage of spinetoram, the ecotoxicity and environmental risks to aquatic ecosystems have call for urgent study. In the present study, we investigated the combined effects of spinetoram and the harmful alga Microcystis aeruginosa in freshwater, on survival and reproduction of Daphnia pulex. Acute toxicity test of spinetoram resulted in negative effects on survival, with a 48-h LC50 value of 37.71 μg L-1. Under the long-time exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.18 and 0.35 μg L-1) of spinetoram and a low composition of Microcystis (30%) in the diet, D. pulex showed both shorter longevity and lower fecundity; the time to first brood also increased. At population level, carrying capacity was highly decreased by spinetoram and Microcystis, whereas a significant decrease of intrinsic growth rate was observed at 0.35 μg L-1 spinetoram with 30% Microcystis as food. The present study highlighted that pesticide spinetoram had highly toxic effects on D. pulex and could reduce the tolerance of D. pulex to M. aeruginosa, causing great effects on D. pulex population in natural waterbodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutong Shen
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yihe Zhan
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xuanhe Jia
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Bangping Li
- Shanghai Cremo Laboratory Co, 688 Qiushi Road, Shanghai, 201512, China
| | - Xuexia Zhu
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Tianheng Gao
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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Lei X, Xu X, Wang L, Liu L, Kuang H, Xu L, Xu C. Quantitative and rapid detection of spinosad and spinetoram by a gold nanoparticle-based immunostrip. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2026-2034. [PMID: 35546323 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01790j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spinosad (SPI) and spinetoram (Et-SPI) are currently among the most popular new insecticides because of their high efficiency and low toxicity. However, excessive residues in food still pose a potential risk to public health. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen residue monitoring of the two insecticides based on a simple and rapid method. In this study, a highly sensitive mAb (6G9) against SPI and Et-SPI was prepared using the hapten SPI-HS and used to develop a colloidal gold nanoparticle-based immunochromatographic strip for the detection of SPI and Et-SPI in samples. The quantitative ranges of the developed strip for SPI and Et-SPI were 8.93-1633 ng g-1 and 20.3-3555 ng g-1 in rice, 32.6-785 ng g-1 and 79.3-1862 ng g-1 in tea, and 9.66-360 ng g-1 and 23.9-931 ng g-1 in onions, respectively. In addition, recovery rates ranged from 85.7% to 112.7% with a coefficient of variation <9.5%. Therefore, our developed method was sensitive and valid as a quantitative tool for the rapid monitoring of SPI and Et-SPI in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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10
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Cens T, Chavanieu A, Bertaud A, Mokrane N, Estaran S, Roussel J, Ménard C, De Jesus Ferreira M, Guiramand J, Thibaud J, Cohen‐Solal C, Rousset M, Rolland V, Vignes M, Charnet P. Molecular Targets of Neurotoxic Insecticides in
Apis mellifera. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Cens
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Alain Chavanieu
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Anaïs Bertaud
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Nawfel Mokrane
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Sébastien Estaran
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Julien Roussel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Claudine Ménard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | | | - Janique Guiramand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Thibaud
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Catherine Cohen‐Solal
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Matthieu Rousset
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Valérie Rolland
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Michel Vignes
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
| | - Pierre Charnet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM 1919 Route de Mende 34293 Montpellier France
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Alomar AA, Alto BW, Walker ED. Spinosyns Delivered in Sugar Meals to Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae): Acute Toxicity and Subacute Effects on Survival, Fecundity, and Fertility. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:623-630. [PMID: 34994376 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugar is an essential source of nutrition for adult mosquitoes to acquire energy. Toxic sugar bait (TSB) provides a promising method for mosquito control by incorporating toxins into artificial sources of sugar (i.e., toxic baits) presented to wild populations. Spinosyns comprise a family of bacterial secondary metabolites with a unique mode of action against the insect nervous system, an appealing environmental safety profile, and potential for incorporation into sugar baits. This research evaluated acute and subacute effects of spinosad (spinosyns A and D) and spinetoram (spinosyns J and L) in sugar meals on survival, fecundity, and fertility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Acute toxicity of spinosyns doubled from 24 to 48 h of assessment, revealing a relatively slow and cumulative action of the formulated spinosyns. Median lethal concentrations at 48 h were lower for spinetoram than for spinosad, lower for Ae. albopictus than Ae. aegypti, and lower for males than females. When exposed to subacute LC50 concentrations of spinosad and spinetoram for 24 h, survival of males and females of both species was diminished compared with controls, fecundity of females was increased, but fertility as measured by hatch rate of eggs was decreased. The formulations may have increased the nutritive value of the sugar meals thereby boosting fecundity, while toxifying embryos, reducing fertility. The inclusion of subacute effects of spinosyns allows assessment of the broader consequences of TSB for adult mosquito control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alomar
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Barry W Alto
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Edward D Walker
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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12
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Stark JD, Banks JE. A tale of two metrics: the EPA Risk Quotient Approach versus the delay in Population Growth Index for determination of pesticide risk to aquatic species. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1922-1928. [PMID: 34382175 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential risk that two closely related insecticides, spinetoram and spinosad, posed to three Cladoceran species, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, and D. magna was determined using two approaches, the USEPA Risk Quotient method and the Delay in Population Growth Index (DPGI). Results of the RQ method showed that spinetoram posed a risk to all three species, but spinosad posed a risk only to C. dubia. The DPGI analysis showed that exposure to spinetoram resulted in populations of all three species being delayed ≥ 3 generation times. Exposure to the LC50 and the lower 95% CL resulted in delayed populations while exposure to the upper 95% CL concentration of spinetoram resulted in no recovery of any of the three species over the course of the modeling exercise (88 d). Exposure to the lower and upper 95% Cl and the LC50 of spinosad resulted in C. dubia populations being delayed ≥ 3 generations. D. pulex populations were not negatively affected after exposure to spinosad. D. magna populations were delayed ≥ 3 generations, but only after exposure to the upper 95% Cl of spinosad. These results illustrate that although the EPA risk quotient method indicated that spinetoram posed a risk to all three species and that spinosad only posed a risk to C. dubia, the DPGI showed that D. magna would be negatively affected by spinosad and none of the three species would reach a predetermined number of individuals after exposure to the upper 95% CL of spinetoram. Because the DPGI uses the 95% Cl as well as the LC50 in its calculation and produces a measure of population growth it provides more detailed information in terms of the potential risk of pesticides to populations than the RQ method.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Stark
- Ecotoxicology Program, Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Research and Extension Center, Puyallup, WA, 98371, USA.
| | - John E Banks
- California State University, Monterey Bay 100 Campus Center, Seaside, CA, 93955, USA
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13
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Yang P, Crossley M, Charlton B, Rondon SI. Baseline Susceptibility of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Commonly Used Insecticides in the Columbia Basin. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:2214-2219. [PMID: 34476492 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is one of the most challenging pests of potato, Solanum tuberosum L., largely due to its propensity to develop insecticide resistance. Historically, L. decemlineata has rapidly evolved resistance to all major classes of synthetic insecticides, particularly in the eastern United States. However, in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, there have thus far been no confirmed reports of insecticide resistance despite anecdotal accounts of control failure. Hence, the objective of this study was to develop baseline data on the susceptibility of L. decemlineata in the Columbia Basin to abamectin, imidacloprid, and spinetoram, three insecticides commonly used to manage this insect. In 2018 and 2019, baseline susceptibility of four L. decemlineata populations, three from the Columbia Basin and one from Wisconsin (used as a resistant reference), was examined using topical LD50 bioassays. In general, L. decemlineata populations in the Columbia Basin exhibited relatively high sensitivity to imidacloprid, but variable sensitivity to abamectin and spinetoram among sites and years. Although small sample sizes hindered estimation of statistically significant LD50 values, results suggest that L. decemlineata in the Columbia Basin are beginning to develop levels of insensitivity to spinetoram, and possibly abamectin that are comparable to insecticide-resistant populations in Wisconsin. This preliminary examination of geographic variation in sensitivity to commonly used insecticides reinforces the value of rotating insecticide modes of action and suggests the need for continued monitoring for the development of insecticide resistance throughout the U.S. Pacific Northwest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pahoua Yang
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR, USA
| | - Michael Crossley
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Brian Charlton
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Klamath, OR, USA
| | - Silvia I Rondon
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR, USA
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Galanie S, Entwistle D, Lalonde J. Engineering biosynthetic enzymes for industrial natural product synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 37:1122-1143. [PMID: 32364202 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00071b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2020 Natural products and their derivatives are commercially important medicines, agrochemicals, flavors, fragrances, and food ingredients. Industrial strategies to produce these structurally complex molecules encompass varied combinations of chemical synthesis, biocatalysis, and extraction from natural sources. Interest in engineering natural product biosynthesis began with the advent of genetic tools for pathway discovery. Genes and strains can now readily be synthesized, mutated, recombined, and sequenced. Enzyme engineering has succeeded commercially due to the development of genetic methods, analytical technologies, and machine learning algorithms. Today, engineered biosynthetic enzymes from organisms spanning the tree of life are used industrially to produce diverse molecules. These biocatalytic processes include single enzymatic steps, multienzyme cascades, and engineered native and heterologous microbial strains. This review will describe how biosynthetic enzymes have been engineered to enable commercial and near-commercial syntheses of natural products and their analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Galanie
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.
| | - David Entwistle
- Process Chemistry, Codexis, Inc., Redwood City, California, USA
| | - James Lalonde
- Microbial Digital Genome Engineering, Inscripta, Inc., Pleasanton, California, USA
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15
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Sparks TC, Crouse GD, Benko Z, Demeter D, Giampietro NC, Lambert W, Brown AV. The spinosyns, spinosad, spinetoram, and synthetic spinosyn mimics - discovery, exploration, and evolution of a natural product chemistry and the impact of computational tools. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3637-3649. [PMID: 32893433 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have long been a source of insecticidal crop protection products. Like many macrolide NPs, the spinosyns originated from a soil inhibiting microorganism (Saccharopolyspora spinosa). More than 20 years after initial registration, the spinosyns remain a unique class of NP-based insect control products that presently encompass two insecticidal active ingredients, spinosad, a naturally occurring mixture of spinosyns, and spinetoram, a semi-synthetic spinosyn product. The exploration and exploitation of the spinosyns has, unusually, been tied to an array of computational tools including artificial intelligence (AI)-based quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) and most recently computer-aided modeling and design (CAMD). The AI-based QSAR directly lead to the discovery of spinetoram, while the CAMD studies have recently resulted in the discovery and building of a series of synthetic spinosyn mimics. The most recent of these synthetic spinosyn mimics show promise as insecticides targeting lepidopteran insect pests as demonstrated by field studies wherein the efficacy has been shown to be comparable to spinosad and spinetoram. These and a range of other aspects related to the exploration of the spinosyns over the past 30 years are reviewed herein. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary D Crouse
- Corteva Agriscience, Discovery Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zoltan Benko
- Corteva Agriscience, Discovery Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David Demeter
- Corteva Agriscience, Discovery Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - William Lambert
- Corteva Agriscience, Discovery Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Annette V Brown
- Corteva Agriscience, Discovery Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Li H, Zhong Q, Luo F, Wang X, Zhou L, Chen Z, Zhang X. Residue degradation and metabolism of spinetoram in tea: A growing, processing and brewing risk assessment. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Li S, Yang B, Tan GY, Ouyang LM, Qiu S, Wang W, Xiang W, Zhang L. Polyketide pesticides from actinomycetes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 69:299-307. [PMID: 34102376 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural product derived pesticides have increased in popularity worldwide because of their high efficacy, eco-friendly nature and favorable safety profile. The development of polyketide pesticides from actinomycetes reflects this increase in popularity in the past decades. These pesticides, which include avermectins, spinosyns, polynactins, tetramycin and their analogues, have been successfully applied in crop protection. Moreover, the advance of biotechnology has led to continuous improvement in the discovery and production processes. In this review, we summarize these polyketide pesticides, their activities and provide insight into their development. We also discuss engineering strategies and the current status of industrial production for these pesticides. Given that actinomycetes are known to produce a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, the description of pesticide development and high yield strain improvement presented herein will facilitate further development of these valuable polyketide pesticides from actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Gao-Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li-Ming Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shiwen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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18
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Song C, Luan J, Li R, Jiang C, Hou Y, Cui Q, Cui T, Tan L, Ma Z, Tang YJ, Stewart AF, Fu J, Zhang Y, Wang H. RedEx: a method for seamless DNA insertion and deletion in large multimodular polyketide synthase gene clusters. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 48:e130. [PMID: 33119745 PMCID: PMC7736807 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesis reprograming is an important way to diversify chemical structures. The large repetitive DNA sequences existing in polyketide synthase genes make seamless DNA manipulation of the polyketide biosynthetic gene clusters extremely challenging. In this study, to replace the ethyl group attached to the C-21 of the macrolide insecticide spinosad with a butenyl group by refactoring the 79-kb gene cluster, we developed a RedEx method by combining Redαβ mediated linear-circular homologous recombination, ccdB counterselection and exonuclease mediated in vitro annealing to insert an exogenous extension module in the polyketide synthase gene without any extra sequence. RedEx was also applied for seamless deletion of the rhamnose 3′-O-methyltransferase gene in the spinosad gene cluster to produce rhamnosyl-3′-desmethyl derivatives. The advantages of RedEx in seamless mutagenesis will facilitate rational design of complex DNA sequences for diverse purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ji Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Chanjuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Yu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Qingwen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Tianqi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Long Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Zaichao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - A Francis Stewart
- Genomics, Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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19
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Liu Z, Cao J, Yan X, Cheng W, Wang X, Yang R, Guo Y. Discovery of Natural Product-Based Fungicides (II): Semisynthesis and Biological Activity of Sarisan Attached 3-Phenylisoxazolines as Antifungal Agents. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000763. [PMID: 33085165 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Many phytopathogenic fungi cause severe damage to crop yields. In continuation of our research aimed at the discovery and development of natural products-based fungicides, a series of thirty-one sarisan attached 3-phenylisoxazolines were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activities against five phytopathogenic fungi (B. cinerea, C. lagenarium, A. solani, F. solani, and F. graminearum). Among all title sarisan derivatives, compounds IV2, IV14 and IV23 showed potent antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, compound IV2 exhibited a broad-spectrum and more potent antifungal activity against A. solani, F. solani, and F. graminearum than the commercial fungicide Hymexazol. In addition, compounds IV2, IV14 and IV23 also displayed relative low toxicity on normal NRK-52E cells. This work will give some insights into the development of sarisan derivatives as new fungicide candidates in plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Liupanshan Resources, Ningxia Normal University, Xueyuan Road, Guyuan, 756000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P. R. China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jiangping Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering and Technology Research Center of Liupanshan Resources, Ningxia Normal University, Xueyuan Road, Guyuan, 756000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ruige Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, P. R. China
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20
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Nunes MZ, Baronio CA, Schutze IX, Bernardi D, Arioli CJ, Junior RM, Botton M. Toxicity of Baits and Their Effects on Population Suppression of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae): Implications for Field Management. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:638-644. [PMID: 32270868 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) is the main pest of fruit in southern Brazil. The use of toxic baits is one of the alternatives for its management. In this study, the toxic baits Anamed + malathion (10,000 mg/liter), Flyral 1.25% + malathion (2,000 mg/liter), and Gelsura (alpha-cypermethrin, 2,000 and 4,000 mg/liter) were highly toxic to the adults of A. fraterculus (lethal time [LT50] < 7 h). In contrast, Success 0.02 CB had an LT50 of 48.4 h. In the absence of rain, all the formulations had residual effects (>90% mortality) on A. fraterculus adults up to 21 d after treatment (DAT). In the presence of 5, 25, and 50 mm of rainfall, there was a significant reduction in the residual effect over time. However, with up to 50 mm of rain, Anamed + malathion and Gelsura 2,000 and 4,000 mg/liter caused between 43.0 and 79.0% of mortality. In the field, during two consecutive seasons (2015/2016 and 2016/2017), applications of Gelsura 2,000 mg/liter (four applications/season) caused population suppression of the pest throughout the apple fruiting period. However, in the 2016/2017 season, in the area using Gelsura, a higher percentage (≈12%) of apple fruits damaged by A. fraterculus females was observed when compared with the area with insecticide application (damage <3%). The toxic bait Gelsura (2,000 and 4.000 mg/liter) was shown to be promising for use in the management of A. fraterculus, with results similar to those with the application of synthetic insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Z Nunes
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleber A Baronio
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Inana X Schutze
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Bernardi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiano J Arioli
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Estação Experimental de São Joaquim, São Joaquim, SC, Brazil
| | - Ruben M Junior
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Botton
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
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21
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Stupp P, Rakes M, Oliveira DC, Martins LN, Geisler FCS, Ribeiro LP, Nava DE, Bernardi D. Acetogenin-Based Formulated Bioinsecticides on Anastrepha fraterculus: Toxicity and Potential Use in Insecticidal Toxic Baits. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:292-301. [PMID: 31907799 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-019-00747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the lethal toxicity and oviposition deterrence of ethanolic extracts of Annona mucosa Jacq., Annona muricata L., and Annona sylvatica A. St.-Hil on Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) compared with those of a limonoid-based bioinsecticide (Azamax™ 1.2 EC-azadiractin +3-tigloyl-azadiractol) and a synthetic spinosyn-based insecticide (Delegate™ 250 WG-spinetoram). In addition, the efficacy of the selected toxic bait formulations was evaluated by mixing them with food attractants (Anamed™, 3% Biofruit and 7% sugarcane molasses). In the topical application and ingestion bioassays (2000 mg L-1), the aqueous emulsion of the A. mucosa extract caused greater than 80% mortality of A. fraterculus adults in a similar manner to the spinosyn-based synthetic insecticide. Concentration-response curves were performed for the most promising treatments and showed an activity level dependent on the mode of contamination, exposure time, and applied concentration. In bioassays with and without choice, the A. mucosa (77%), A. muricata (51%), A. sylvatica (60%), Azamax™ (74%), and Delegate™ 250 WG (100%) significantly reduced the number of punctures and galleries in grape berries. In combination with the food attractants Anamed™, 3% Biofruit, and 7% sugarcane molasses, the emulsion of the A. mucosa extract had a residual effect similar to that of the spinetoram insecticide, with a mortality rate of over 80% of A. fraterculus adults up to 14 days after application (DAA) in the absence of rain. Thus, acetogenin-rich formulations, especially from A. mucosa seeds, are useful alternatives for the integrated management of A. fraterculus in agricultural orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Stupp
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Univ of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - M Rakes
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Univ of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - D C Oliveira
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Univ of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - L N Martins
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Univ of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - F C S Geisler
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Univ of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - L P Ribeiro
- Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (EPAGRI/CEPAF), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - D E Nava
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA - Clima Temperado, CPACT), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - D Bernardi
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal Univ of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
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Duarte ADF, de Bastos Pazini J, Duarte JLP, da Silva LR, da Cunha US. Compatibility of pesticides used in strawberry crops with predatory mites Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) and Cosmolaelaps brevistilis (Karg). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:148-155. [PMID: 31927677 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02164-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) and Cosmolaelaps brevistilis (Karg) (Acari: Laelapidae) are predatory mites of soil-inhabiting pests, mainly small insects. Fungus gnats fly species are found in greenhouse strawberry production and may be controlled with predatory mites, being important to know their compatibility with the pesticides used in strawberry crops. In this study, the compatibility of seven commercial pesticides used in strawberry cultivation with the predatory mites S. scimitus and C. brevistilis was assessed in laboratory conditions. Survival and oviposition rates were evaluated between 0.5 and 120 h after treatment (HAT). The results demonstrate that lambda-cyhalothrin treatment resulted in the lowest survival rate for both mites in the first evaluations, being moderately harmful, while spinetoran was slightly harmful to C. brevistilis. On the other hand, abamectin, azadirachtin, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole, iprodione and thiamethoxam were harmless for both mites and, oviposition rate was significantly different only at 72 and 120 HAT for S. scimitus and C. brevistilis respectively. These results may be used to develop guidelines for the adoption of selective pesticides in integrated pest management programs that conserves predatory mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriane da F Duarte
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (FAEM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96001-970, Brazil.
| | - Juliano de Bastos Pazini
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (FAEM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96001-970, Brazil
| | - Juliano Lessa Pinto Duarte
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (FAEM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96001-970, Brazil
| | - Lucas Raphael da Silva
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (FAEM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96001-970, Brazil
| | - Uemerson Silva da Cunha
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (FAEM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96001-970, Brazil
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Bernardi D, Nondillo A, Baronio CA, Bortoli LC, Junior RM, Treptow RCB, Geisler FCS, Neitzke CG, Nava DE, Botton M. Side effects of toxic bait formulations on Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:12550. [PMID: 31467411 PMCID: PMC6715623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is considered one of the main biological control agents of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). However, the application of toxic baits for the management of C. capitata might exert side effects on the parasitoid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the side effects of toxic bait formulations on D. longicaudata. The food attractants Anamed, 3% Biofruit, 1.5% CeraTrap, 1.25% Flyral, 3% Isca Samaritá, 3% Isca Samaritá Tradicional, and 7% sugarcane molasses mixed with an organophosphate insecticide [malathion, 2.0 grams of active ingredient (g a.i.) L-1] and the commercial formulation Gelsura (2.0 and 4.0 g a.i. L-1 alpha-cypermethrin) showed high toxicity to D. longicaudata adults (>90% mortality) after 96 h and were thus classified as harmful (Class 4). Similarly, 3% Isca Samaritá Tradicional and 7% sugarcane molasses in formulations with the insecticides spinosad and spinetoram (0.096 g a.i. L-1 or kg) were moderately harmful (Class 3). In contrast, the food attractants Anamed, 3% Biofruit, 1.5% CeraTrap, 1.25% Flyral, and 3% Isca Samaritá Tradicional in combination with spinosad and spinetoram and the formulation Success 0.02CB (0.096 g a.i. L-1 spinosad) were classified as harmless (<10% mortality up to 96 h, Class 1). Additionally, these formulations did not reduce the parasitism and emergence rate of the F1 generation of D. longicaudata in C. capitata larvae. Formulations of toxic baits based on spinosyn are suitable for the management of C. capitata together with the parasitoid D. longicaudata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bernardi
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil.
| | - Aline Nondillo
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Cléber Antonio Baronio
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Lígia Caroline Bortoli
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Ruben Machota Junior
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Rute Caroline Becker Treptow
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carla Santos Geisler
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Gauger Neitzke
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Dori Edson Nava
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Caixa postal 403, CEP 96010-971, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Botton
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Guo W, Chen H, Gao J, Tao L, Li Z, Xu W. The cytotoxic effects of spinetoram on human HepG2 cells by inducing DNA damage and mitochondria-associated apoptosis. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1650900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- CCPIA International Trade Committee, China Crop Protection Industry Association, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jufang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Cottrell TE, Reeves BL, Horton DL. Spinosyns Cause Aedeagus Eversion in Carpophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1658-1664. [PMID: 30932150 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During an assessment of various insecticides against sap beetles, Carpophilus sp., it was noted that at least some males everted their reproductive structures (referred to as aedeagus from here forward) when treated with a spinosyn insecticide, spinetoram. This response to spinosyns or other insecticides is not documented in the literature even though sap beetles have been included in numerous insecticide assays and spinosyn insecticides have been in widespread commercial use for >20 yr. Additionally, other insect species have not been documented to show a similar aedeagus eversion response to spinosyns or other insecticides. The objective of this study was to further examine eversion of the aedeagus when sap beetles were exposed to different rates of two spinosyn insecticides, spinetoram and spinosad. Additionally, we examined whether a similar response would occur in other insects when three species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) and one species of Curculionidae (Coleoptera) were exposed to spinetoram. Our results show that male sap beetles respond to both spinosyns by everting the aedeagus, females did not have an analogous response. No similar response was observed for the assayed species of Coccinellidae or Curculionidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted E Cottrell
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, Byron, GA
| | | | - Dan L Horton
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Castilhos RV, Brugnara EC. Eficácia de inseticidas para controle da lagarta-da-oliveira Palpita forficifera (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), em laboratório. AGROPECUÁRIA CATARINENSE 2019. [DOI: 10.22491/rac.2019.v32n3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A lagarta-da-oliveira, Palpita forficifera Munroe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), é uma das principais pragas incidentes nos olivais brasileiros, pois ocasiona danos severos à produção caso não seja manejada adequadamente. Diante da escassez de informações e das opções para controle desta espécie, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a eficácia de inseticidas para controle de lagartas de P. forficifera em laboratório. Os inseticidas avaliados foram espinetoram, lambda-cialotrina + clorantraniliprole, clorantraniliprole, tiametoxam + lambda-cialotrina, lufenurom e Bacillus thuringiensis. Folhas de Ligustrum lucidum foram imersas por três segundos nas caldas dos inseticidas e, após secagem, ofertadas a lagartas de terceiro instar. Para cada inseticida utilizaram-se cinco placas com oito lagartas. A mortalidade foi avaliada às 24, 48 e 72 horas após a liberação das lagartas. Os inseticidas neurotóxicos espinetoram, lambda-cialotrina + clorantraniliprole e tiametoxam + lambda-cialotrina causaram mortalidades superiores a 56% em 24h, enquanto clorantraniliprole, lufenurom e B. thuringiensis apresentaram ação mais lenta, com aumento gradual da mortalidade a partir das 48h. Lufenurom apresentou mortalidade de 63,3% às 72h, valor abaixo da eficiência mínima exigida de 80% para controle de uma praga. Já espinetoram, lambda-cialotrina + clorantraniliprole, tiametoxam + lambda-cialotrina, clorantraniliprole e B. thuringiensis são eficazes no controle de lagartas de P. forficifera, com mortalidade acumulada às 72h variando de 82,5 a 100%, e apresentam-se como opções a serem utilizadas no manejo desta praga em olivais.
Termos para indexação: Olea europaea L.; controle químico; manejo fitossanitário.
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Schlesener DCH, Wollmann J, Pazini JDB, Padilha AC, Grützmacher AD, Garcia FRM. Insecticide Toxicity to Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) parasitoids: Trichopria anastrephae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1197-1206. [PMID: 30829373 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an important pest of small fruits, which has been causing significant damage to commercial crops in North America, Europe, and South America. This pest is mainly controlled with insecticide applications because of its highly biotic potential and polyphagy. However, studies conducted in crops infested by D. suzukii have shown that this species is attacked by parasitoids that may serve as effective biological controls for this pest. The aim of the current study is to assess the lethal time (LT10 and LT50) and parasitism potential of exposed adults (F0): sex ratio and longevity (F1) of Trichopria anastrephae Lima and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) when exposed to dry residues of different commercial insecticides. Abamectin, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, malathion, phosmet, deltamethrin, spinetoram, and spinosad were evaluated. Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae was more sensitive to insecticides than T. anastrephae, showing higher mortality rates in a shorter period of time, as well as a significant reduction in parasitism. Spinosyns (spinosad and spinetoram) and abamectin caused high P. vindemmiae mortality rates, but were harmless to T. anastrephae. Neonicotinoids, organophosphates, and pyrethroids caused high mortality rates regardless of the species. Treatments did not affect D. suzukii offspring longevity and sex ratio (F1). The current study provides information needed for the implementation of D. suzukii management programs focused on the conservation of natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jutiane Wollmann
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Agronomy School "Eliseu Maciel," Capão do Leão - RS - Brazil
| | - Juliano de Bastos Pazini
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Agronomy School "Eliseu Maciel," Capão do Leão - RS - Brazil
| | - Aline Costa Padilha
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Agronomy School "Eliseu Maciel," Capão do Leão - RS - Brazil
| | - Anderson Dionei Grützmacher
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Agronomy School "Eliseu Maciel," Capão do Leão - RS - Brazil
| | - Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Agronomy School "Eliseu Maciel," Capão do Leão - RS - Brazil
- Department of Ecology, Zoology and Genetic, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão - RS - Brazil
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28
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Jeschke P. Current status of chirality in agrochemicals. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2389-2404. [PMID: 29704299 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The agrochemical industry is searching continuously for new pesticides to develop products that have optimal efficacy, lower application rates in the field, increased selectivity, favourable toxicological and environmental safety, enhanced user friendliness and better economic viability. One strategy by which to achieve these ambitious goals makes use of the unique properties of molecules containing asymmetric centres. In the past, many natural products and their congeners have been a source of inspiration in the design of new active ingredients, and the molecular structures of the resulting compounds have become increasingly complex; some 30% contain fragments with asymmetric centres. However, despite enormous progress in catalytic asymmetric processes over the past decade, few agrochemicals are produced in an enantiomerically pure or enriched form on an industrial scale. Since 2007, ∼ 43% of the 44 products launched (insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, nematicides and herbicides) contain one or more asymmetric centres in the molecule (∼ 47%) and most have been launched as racemic mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers. This review provides an overview of the current status of chiral agrochemicals launched over the past 10 years and describes the inherently connected challenges of modern agricultural chemistry by managing important aspects resulting from the stereochemistry of these innovative products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jeschke
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Small Molecules Research, Pest Control Chemistry, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
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29
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Baltz RH. Bacteriophage-resistant industrial fermentation strains: from the cradle to CRISPR/Cas9. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 45:1003-1006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Bacteriophage contamination and cell lysis have been recurring issues with some actinomycetes used in the pharmaceutical fermentation industry since the commercialization of streptomycin in the 1940s. In the early years, spontaneous phage-resistant mutants or lysogens were isolated to address the problem. In some cases, multiple phages were isolated from different contaminated fermentors, so strains resistant to multiple phages were isolated to stabilize the fermentation processes. With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, the early scaleup of the Escherichia coli fermentation process for the production of human insulin A and B chains encountered contamination with multiple coliphages. A genetic engineering solution was to clone and express a potent restriction/modification system in the production strains. Very recently, an E. coli fermentation of 1,3-propanediol was contaminated by a coliphage related to T1. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was applied to block future contamination by targeting seven different phage genes for double-strand cleavage. These approaches employing spontaneous mutation, genetic engineering, and synthetic biology can be applied to many current and future microorganisms used in the biotechnology industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Baltz
- Cognogen Biotechnology Consulting 7636 Andora Drive 34238 Sarasota FL USA
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30
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Di Vitantonio C, Depalo L, Marchetti E, Dindo ML, Masetti A. Response of the European Ladybird Adalia bipunctata and the Invasive Harmonia axyridis to a Neonicotinoid and a Reduced-Risk Insecticide. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:2076-2080. [PMID: 30010861 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The spread of the multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Europe coincided with the decline of the native Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Both species are predators of aphids in orchards, and differential susceptibility to insecticides used to control fruit pests may contribute to explain the competitive advantage of the invasive over the native species. In this study, the insecticidal activity of imidacloprid and spinetoram was tested on third instars and adults of both ladybird species under laboratory conditions. Insects were exposed to insecticide residues on potted peach plants that were sprayed with the maximum recommended field doses (100 mg/liter for imidacloprid and 66.67 mg/liter for spinetoram). Mortality was scored after short (2 d for both stages) and long (7 and 10 d for adults and larvae, respectively) exposure periods. The susceptibility to the insecticides was very similar for H. axyridis and A. bipunctata. Imidacloprid caused a significant increase in the mortality of both stages of the two species for every exposure period. On the other hand, when exposed to spinetoram residues, larvae and adults of both ladybirds did not show higher mortality than controls after short and long exposure periods. The pest suppression provided by ladybirds, which could be severely hampered by the applications of nonselective pesticides, might be enhanced by the adoption of reduced-risk insecticides, selective for these beneficial insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Di Vitantonio
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Depalo
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Marchetti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M L Dindo
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Masetti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Wheeler DW, Trout CM, Thompson CM, Winkle JR, White WH. Evaluation of an 11.2% spinetoram topical spot-on solution for the control of experimental and natural flea (Ctenocephalides felis) infestations on cats in Europe. Vet Parasitol 2018; 258:99-107. [PMID: 30105986 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Spinetoram is the newest member the spinosyn-class of natural products to be commercialized for flea control on cats in the United States under the tradename Cheristin® for cats. This report describes results from two laboratory studies and a multi-center clinical field trial designed to confirm the efficacy of a topical spot-on solution containing spinetoram (11.2% w/w, 130 mg/mL) against European strains of the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis. In the laboratory studies, cats were allocated to one of two treatment groups of eight animals each: negative control (mineral oil) or spinetoram, both applied as a topical spot-on at the base of the skull on Day 0. Cats were infested with ∼100 newly emerged, unfed adult fleas on Days -2 or -1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. To calculate efficacy, fleas were counted and removed 48 h after treatment, and 48 h after each subsequent infestation through week 5. Spinetoram treatments provided 100% efficacy through at least day 16 and ≥ 97% efficacy (arithmetic mean) for one month. For the field trial, 23 clinics from Northern and Southern Europe participated in the study that compared the effectiveness and safety of spinetoram and fipronil/(S)-methoprene treatments over a period of two months. There were 258 and 248 evaluable efficacy cases for month 1 and month 2, respectively, with 300 total evaluable cases for safety. Treatments were administered on Day 0 and again on Day 30 (±3 days). The effectiveness of treatments was calculated based on reduction in live flea counts on Days 14, 30, 44 and 60 (±3 days) relative to flea counts obtained on Day 0. Efficacy (geometric mean percent flea reduction) on Days 14, 30, 44 and 60 was 97.0%, 95.0%, 99.3% and 99.1% for spinetoram, respectively, and 86.1%, 80.9%, 92.4% and 92.3% for fipronil/(S)-methoprene, respectively. Spinetoram was deemed non-inferior at all intervals and superior to fipronil/(S)-methoprene at Days 30 and 60. Clinical signs of flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) were markedly improved following spinetoram treatment, as demonstrated through statistically significant reductions in severity of FAD scores for most of the clinical signs when compared to fipronil/(S)-methoprene treatment. There was a lower overall adverse event incidence rate for spinetoram (5.1%) versus fipronil/(S)-methoprene treatment (11.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Wheeler
- Elanco Animal Health, Global Headquarters, Greenfield, IN, USA
| | - Candace M Trout
- Elanco Animal Health, Global Headquarters, Greenfield, IN, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Winkle
- Elanco Animal Health, Global Headquarters, Greenfield, IN, USA
| | - W Hunter White
- Elanco Animal Health, Global Headquarters, Greenfield, IN, USA.
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Abstract
Oxidative cyclizations are important transformations that occur widely during natural product biosynthesis. The transformations from acyclic precursors to cyclized products can afford morphed scaffolds, structural rigidity, and biological activities. Some of the most dramatic structural alterations in natural product biosynthesis occur through oxidative cyclization. In this Review, we examine the different strategies used by nature to create new intra(inter)molecular bonds via redox chemistry. This Review will cover both oxidation- and reduction-enabled cyclization mechanisms, with an emphasis on the former. Radical cyclizations catalyzed by P450, nonheme iron, α-KG-dependent oxygenases, and radical SAM enzymes are discussed to illustrate the use of molecular oxygen and S-adenosylmethionine to forge new bonds at unactivated sites via one-electron manifolds. Nonradical cyclizations catalyzed by flavin-dependent monooxygenases and NAD(P)H-dependent reductases are covered to show the use of two-electron manifolds in initiating cyclization reactions. The oxidative installations of epoxides and halogens into acyclic scaffolds to drive subsequent cyclizations are separately discussed as examples of "disappearing" reactive handles. Last, oxidative rearrangement of rings systems, including contractions and expansions, will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Cheng Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Christopher T. Walsh
- Stanford University Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Gifted microbes for genome mining and natural product discovery. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 44:573-588. [PMID: 27520548 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Actinomycetes are historically important sources for secondary metabolites (SMs) with applications in human medicine, animal health, and plant crop protection. It is now clear that actinomycetes and other microorganisms with large genomes have the capacity to produce many more SMs than was anticipated from standard fermentation studies. Indeed ~90 % of SM gene clusters (SMGCs) predicted from genome sequencing are cryptic under conventional fermentation and analytical analyses. Previous studies have suggested that among the actinomycetes with large genomes, some have the coding capacity to produce many more SMs than others, and that strains with the largest genomes tend to be the most gifted. These contentions have been evaluated more quantitatively by antiSMASH 3.0 analyses of microbial genomes, and the results indicate that many actinomycetes with large genomes are gifted for SM production, encoding 20-50 SMGCs, and devoting 0.8-3.0 Mb of coding capacity to SM production. Several Proteobacteria and Firmacutes with large genomes encode 20-30 SMGCs and devote 0.8-1.3 Mb of DNA to SM production, whereas cultured bacteria and archaea with small genomes devote insignificant coding capacity to SM production. Fully sequenced genomes of uncultured bacteria and archaea have small genomes nearly devoid of SMGCs.
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Guojun Y, Yuping H, Yan J, Kaichun L, Haiyang X. A New Medium for Improving Spinosad Production by Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2016; 9:e16765. [PMID: 27635207 PMCID: PMC5013548 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.16765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinosad (a mixture of spinosyns A and D) is a unique natural pesticide produced by Saccharopolyspora spinosa. With regard to attempts to improve S. spinosa by classical mutagenesis, we propose that the bottleneck of screening out high-spinosad-production strains is probably caused by the fermentation media. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to identify a new medium to extensively investigate the potential of S. spinosa strains to produce spinosad. MATERIALS AND METHODS Statistical and regressive modeling methods were used to investigate the effects of the carbon source and to optimize the production media. RESULTS The spinosad production of S. spinosa Co121 increased 77.13%, from 310.44 ± 21.84 μg/mL in the initial fermentation medium (with glucose as the main carbon source) to 549.89 ± 38.59 μg/mL in a new optimized fermentation medium (98.0 g of mannitol, 43.0 g of cottonseed flour, 12.9 g of corn steep liquor, 0.5 g of KH2PO4, and 3.0 g of CaCO3 in 1 L of H2O; pH was adjusted to 7.0 before autoclaving). After screening 4,000 strains, an overall 3.33-fold increase was observed in spinosad titers, starting from the parental strain Co121 in the original fermentation medium and ending with the mutant strain J78 (1035 ± 34 μg/mL) in the optimized medium. CONCLUSIONS The optimized fermentation medium developed in this study can probably be used to improve spinosad production in screening industrial strains of S. spinosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guojun
- Hubei Nature’s Favor Biotechnology, Hanchuan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Yuping
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Yan
- Hubei Nature’s Favor Biotechnology, Hanchuan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Kaichun
- Hubei Nature’s Favor Biotechnology, Hanchuan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Haiyang
- Hubei Nature’s Favor Biotechnology, Hanchuan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Key laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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