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França DAD, Silva FPD, Zanini DDS, Iglesias L, Portillo L, Cortez H, Biondo AW, Duré AÍDL, Silva MVF, Miret J, Langoni H. Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in sheep herd from Paraguay: First evidence of bacterial circulation in the country. One Health 2024; 18:100660. [PMID: 38179312 PMCID: PMC10765107 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii is the agent of Q fever, a disease that poses risks to public health and damages livestock. We discovered the circulation of C. burnetii for the first time in Paraguay, based on the seropositivity of a flock of >300 sheep. The animals were tested by IFA for anti-C. burnetii antibodies and by SAM for anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies, an important differential diagnosis for reproductive disorders in sheep in Paraguay. C. burnetii seropositivity was determined in 45%, in contrast to Leptospira spp. which had no reactive samples. Cases of miscarriage and fetal resorption were associated with high seropositivity titers. This study suggests the circulation of a unique genotype in the country and an imminent risk to public health, since in addition to being highly transmissible and infectious to humans, Q fever is still not a cause for concern on the part of government and health agencies in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Alves de França
- São Paulo State University, Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, Unesp Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Filipe Pereira da Silva
- Octavio Magalhaes Institute, Prof. Octavio Coelho De Magalhaes, s/n, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30210-290, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dayane da Silva Zanini
- São Paulo State University, Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, Unesp Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Lorena Iglesias
- Universidad Nacional de Canindeyú, Calle Itambey, Curuguaty 140802, Paraguay
| | - Laura Portillo
- Universidad Nacional de Canindeyú, Calle Itambey, Curuguaty 140802, Paraguay
| | - Herminia Cortez
- Universidad Nacional de Canindeyú, Calle Itambey, Curuguaty 140802, Paraguay
| | | | - Ana Íris de Lima Duré
- Octavio Magalhaes Institute, Prof. Octavio Coelho De Magalhaes, s/n, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30210-290, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinicius Ferreira Silva
- Octavio Magalhaes Institute, Prof. Octavio Coelho De Magalhaes, s/n, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30210-290, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jorge Miret
- Universidad Nacional de Canindeyú, Calle Itambey, Curuguaty 140802, Paraguay
| | - Helio Langoni
- São Paulo State University, Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, Unesp Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-681, Brazil
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Seropositivity for Coxiella burnetii in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Portugal. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030421. [PMID: 36986343 PMCID: PMC10057195 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Q fever is caused by the pathogen Coxiella burnetii and is a zoonosis that naturally infects goats, sheep, and cats, but can also infect humans, birds, reptiles, or arthropods. A survey was conducted for the detection of antibodies against C. burnetii in a sample of 617 free-ranging wild ruminants, 358 wild boar (Sus scrofa) and 259 red deer (Cervus elaphus), in east–central Portugal during the 2016–2022 hunting seasons. Only adult animals were sampled in this study. Antibodies specific to C. burnetii were detected using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; IDVet®, Montpellier, France) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The seroprevalence of C. burnetii infection was 1.5% (n = 9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–2.8%). Antibodies against C. burnetii were detected in 4/358 wild boar (1.1%; 95% CI: CI: 0.3–2.8%) and 5/259 red deer (1.9%; 0.6–4.5%). Results of the present study indicate that antibodies against C. burnetii were present in wild boar and red deer in Portugal. These findings can help local health authorities to focus on the problem of C. burnetii in wildlife and facilitate the application of a One Health approach to its prevention and control.
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