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Zhuang R, Zhou D, Liu J, Chang X, Zhang G, Li L. Magneto-Acoustic Field-Induced Unstable Interface of Magnetic Microswarm. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403039. [PMID: 39041946 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Research on the interfacial instability of two-phase systems can help in gaining a better understanding of various hydrodynamic instabilities in nature. However, owing to the nonlinear and complex spatiotemporal dynamics of the unstable interface, the instability is challenging to control and suppress. This paper presents a novel interfacial instability of the magnetic microswarm induced by the competition between the destabilizing effect of magnetic field and the stabilizing effect of acoustic field. The physics underlying this novel phenomenon is discussed by analyzing the contributions of the external fields. Unlike previous studies, this study demonstrates that the instability is independent of the interfacial force or diffusion effect and can persist without dissipation over time. The manipulation of the unstable interface is further achieved by adjusting the configuration of the magneto-acoustic system. This approach can be used in thermal encoding metamaterials and has great potential applications in systems where the instability is detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rencheng Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Dekai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 400722, China
| | - Junmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Xiaocong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 400722, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Longqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
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2
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Zhao X, Hao N. Acoustophoresis-driven particle focusing and separation with standard/inverse Chladni patterns. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3149-3157. [PMID: 38787691 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Manipulating objects with acoustics has been developed for hundreds of years since Chladni patterns in gaseous environments were exhibited. In recent decades, acoustic manipulation in microfluidics, known as acoustofluidics, has rapidly thrived and many sophisticated technologies were born. However, the basic background motion of particles under acoustic excitation is usually neglected and the classical Chladni patterns haven't been reproduced in an aqueous environment. In this study, we investigated the basic mechanism and the motion of suspended particles and sinking particles in a plain microchamber under low-frequency excitation (3-5 kHz). The mechanisms were clearly distinguished by comparing the differences among colored fluids, suspended particles, and sinking particles. The suspended particles rotated around the antinode with a speed up to 55.1 μm s-1 at 100 Vpp by the acoustic streaming and they approached each other by the secondary acoustic radiation force. The sinking particles concentrated at the node with a speed up to 22.3 μm s-1 at 100 Vpp by bouncing on the vibrating surface and the primary acoustic radiation force. We have reproduced the classical standard/inverse Chladni patterns in an aqueous environment for the first time, and they were leveraged to separate SiO2 particles with different sizes. The big particles with an average diameter of 9.68 μm were concentrated at the node while the small particles with an average diameter of 2.72 μm were collected at the antinode within 2 min. These results not only provide insightful perspectives of basic mechanisms, but also open up new possibilities for advanced acoustic tweezers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P.R. China.
| | - Nanjing Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P.R. China.
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3
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Di Marzio N, Tognato R, Bella ED, De Giorgis V, Manfredi M, Cochis A, Alini M, Serra T. Differential proteomics profile of microcapillary networks in response to sound pattern-driven local cell density enhancement. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2024; 14:100094. [PMID: 38596510 PMCID: PMC11001772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2024.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial cell organization and biofabrication of microcapillary networks in vitro has a great potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This study explores the impact of local cell density enhancement achieved through an innovative sound-based patterning on microcapillary networks formation and their proteomic profile. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human pericytes from placenta (hPC-PL) were mixed in a fibrin suspension. The mild effect of sound-induced hydrodynamic forces condensed cells into architected geometries showing good fidelity to the numerical simulation of the physical process. Local cell density increased significantly within the patterned areas and the capillary-like structures formed following the cell density gradient. Over five days, these patterns were well-maintained, resulting in concentric circles and honeycomb-like structures. Proteomic analysis of the pre-condensed cells cultured for 5 days, revealed over 900 differentially expressed proteins when cells were preassembled through mild-hydrodynamic forces. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified cellular components, molecular functions, and biological processes that were up- and down-regulated, providing insights regarding molecular processes influenced by the local density enhancement. Furthermore, we employed Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify altered pathways and predict upstream regulators. Notably, VEGF-A emerged as one of the most prominent upstream regulators. Accordingly, this study initiates the unraveling of the changes in microcapillary networks at both molecular and proteins level induced by cell condensation obtained through sound patterning. The findings provide valuable insights for further investigation into sound patterning as a biofabrication technique for creating more complex microcapillary networks and advancing in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Di Marzio
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research and Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - R. Tognato
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - V. De Giorgis
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - M. Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research and Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - A. Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research and Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - M. Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
| | - T. Serra
- AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland
- CTR Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Collaborative Research Partner, AO CMF CPP Bone Regeneration, Davos, Switzerland
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4
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Vachon P, Merugu S, Sharma J, Lal A, Ng EJ, Koh Y, Lee JEY, Lee C. Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:33. [PMID: 38463549 PMCID: PMC10920796 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves (GFWs) generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator (MAWA). By harnessing the potential of GFWs, cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved, unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip development. The localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising characteristics. Unlike traditional acoustofluidic technologies, the GFWs propagating on the MAWA's membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation, irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic chamber. Moreover, the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane waveguide. Experimental demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport, mixing, and spatial separation based on particle diameter, along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS channels. These experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA's compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Vachon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srinivas Merugu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jaibir Sharma
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Lal
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Eldwin J. Ng
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yul Koh
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua E.-Y. Lee
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Zhao X, Ding Z, Chen H, Xiao Y, Hou J, Huang L, Wu J, Hao N. Acoustofluidics-Assisted Multifunctional Paper-Based Analytical Devices. Anal Chem 2024; 96:496-504. [PMID: 38153375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) feature an economic and sensitive nature, while acoustofluidics displays contactless and versatile virtue, and both of them gained tremendous interest in the past decades. Integrating μPADs with acoustofluidic techniques provides great potential to overcome the inherent shortcomings and make appealing achievements. Here, we present acoustofluidics-assisted multifunctional paper-based analytical devices that leverage bulk acoustic waves to realize multiple applications on paper substrates, including uniform colorimetric detection, microparticle/cell enrichment, fluorescence amplification, homogeneous mixing, and nanomaterial synthesis. The glucose detection in the range of 5-15 mM was conducted to perform uniform colorimetric detection. Various types (brass powder, copper powder, diamond powder, and yeast cells) and sizes (5-200 μm) of solid particles and biological cells can be enriched on paper in a few seconds or minutes; thus, fluorescence amplification by 3 times was realized with the enrichment. The high-throughput and homogeneous mixing of two fluids can be achieved, and based on the mixing, nanomaterials (ZnO nanosheets) were synthesized on paper. We analyzed the underlying mechanisms of these applications in the devices, which are attributed to Faraday waves and Chladni patterns. With their simple fabrication and prominent effectiveness, the devices open up new possibilities for paper-based microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Hongqiang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaxuan Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Junsheng Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Nanjing Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
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6
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Vachon P, Merugu S, Sharma J, Lal A, Ng EJ, Koh Y, Lee JEY, Lee C. Microfabricated acoustofluidic membrane acoustic waveguide actuator for highly localized in-droplet dynamic particle manipulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1865-1878. [PMID: 36852544 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Precision manipulation techniques in microfluidics often rely on ultrasonic actuators to generate displacement and pressure fields in a liquid. However, strategies to enhance and confine the acoustofluidic forces often work against miniaturization and reproducibility in fabrication. This study presents microfabricated piezoelectric thin film membranes made via silicon diffusion for guided flexural wave generation as promising acoustofluidic actuators with low frequency, voltage, and power requirements. The guided wave propagation can be dynamically controlled to tune and confine the induced acoustofluidic radiation force and streaming. This provides for highly localized dynamic particle manipulation functionalities such as multidirectional transport, patterning, and trapping. The device combines the advantages of microfabrication and advanced acoustofluidic capabilities into a miniature "drop-and-actuate" chip that is mechanically robust and features a high degree of reproducibility for large-scale production. The membrane acoustic waveguide actuators offer a promising pathway for acoustofluidic applications such as biosensing, organoid production, and in situ analyte transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Vachon
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | | | - Amit Lal
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Eldwin J Ng
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Yul Koh
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Lin L, Dang H, Zhu R, Liu Y, You H. Effects of Side Profile on Acoustic Streaming by Oscillating Microstructures in Channel. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13091439. [PMID: 36144062 PMCID: PMC9504731 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In microchannels, microstructure-induced acoustic streaming can be achieved at low frequencies, providing simple platforms for biomedicine and microfluidic manipulation. Nowadays, microstructures are generally fabricated by photolithography or soft photolithography. Existing studies mainly focused on the projection plane, while ignoring the side profile including microstructure's sidewall and channel's upper wall. Based on the perturbation theory, the article focuses on the effect of microstructure's sidewall errors caused by machining and the viscous dissipation of upper wall on the streaming. We discovered that the side profile parameters, particularly the gap (gap g between the top of the structure and the upper wall of the channel), have a significant impact on the maximum velocity, mode, and effective area of the streaming.To broaden the applicability, we investigated boundary layer thickness parameters including frequency and viscosity. Under different thickness parameters, the effects of side profile parameters on the streaming are similar. But the maximum streaming velocity is proportional to the frequency squared and inversely proportional to the viscosity. Besides, the ratio factor θ of the maximum streaming velocity to the vibration velocity is affected by the side profile parameter gap g and sidewall profile angle α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Lab of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Nanning 530003, China
| | - Haojie Dang
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Lab of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Nanning 530003, China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Lab of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Nanning 530003, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hui You
- Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of Education, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Lab of Manufacturing System and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Nanning 530003, China
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8
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Liu P, Tian Z, Yang K, Naquin TD, Hao N, Huang H, Chen J, Ma Q, Bachman H, Zhang P, Xu X, Hu J, Huang TJ. Acoustofluidic black holes for multifunctional in-droplet particle manipulation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm2592. [PMID: 35363512 PMCID: PMC10938576 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm2592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic black holes offer superior capabilities for slowing down and trapping acoustic waves for various applications such as metastructures, energy harvesting, and vibration and noise control. However, no studies have considered the linear and nonlinear effects of acoustic black holes on micro/nanoparticles in fluids. This study presents acoustofluidic black holes (AFBHs) that leverage controlled interactions between AFBH-trapped acoustic wave energy and particles in droplets to enable versatile particle manipulation functionalities, such as translation, concentration, and patterning of particles. We investigated the AFBH-enabled wave energy trapping and wavelength shrinking effects, as well as the trapped wave energy-induced acoustic radiation forces on particles and acoustic streaming in droplets. This study not only fills the gap between the emerging fields of acoustofluidics and acoustic black holes but also leads to a class of AFBH-based in-droplet particle manipulation toolsets with great potential for many applications, such as biosensing, point-of-care testing, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhan Liu
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Kaichun Yang
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ty Downing Naquin
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nanjing Hao
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Huiyu Huang
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Qiuxia Ma
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Xiahong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products; Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Junhui Hu
- State Key Lab of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Peng T, Li L, Zhou M, Jiang F. Concentration of Microparticles Using Flexural Acoustic Wave in Sessile Droplets. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031269. [PMID: 35162014 PMCID: PMC8839499 DOI: 10.3390/s22031269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acoustic manipulation of microparticles and cells has attracted growing interest in biomedical applications. In particular, the use of acoustic waves to concentrate particles plays an important role in enhancing the detection process by biosensors. Here, we demonstrated microparticle concentration within sessile droplets placed on the hydrophobic surface using the flexural wave. The design benefits from streaming flow induced by the Lamb wave propagated in the glass waveguide to manipulate particles in the droplets. Microparticles will be concentrated at the central area of the droplet adhesion plane based on the balance among the streaming drag force, gravity, and buoyancy at the operating frequency. We experimentally demonstrated the concentration of particles of various sizes and tumor cells. Using numerical simulation, we predicted the acoustic pressure and streaming flow pattern within the droplet and characterized the underlying physical mechanisms for particle motion. The design is more suitable for micron-sized particle preparation, and it can be valuable for various biological, chemical, and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (T.P.); (L.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Luming Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (T.P.); (L.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mingyong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (T.P.); (L.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Fengze Jiang
- Institute of Polymer Technology (LKT), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg, Am Weichselgarten 9, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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10
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Shabaniverki S, Juárez JJ. Directed Assembly of Particles for Additive Manufacturing of Particle-Polymer Composites. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:935. [PMID: 34442557 PMCID: PMC8401964 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Particle-polymer dispersions are ubiquitous in additive manufacturing (AM), where they are used as inks to create composite materials with applications to wearable sensors, energy storage materials, and actuation elements. It has been observed that directional alignment of the particle phase in the polymer dispersion can imbue the resulting composite material with enhanced mechanical, electrical, thermal or optical properties. Thus, external field-driven particle alignment during the AM process is one approach to tailoring the properties of composites for end-use applications. This review article provides an overview of externally directed field mechanisms (e.g., electric, magnetic, and acoustic) that are used for particle alignment. Illustrative examples from the AM literature show how these mechanisms are used to create structured composites with unique properties that can only be achieved through alignment. This article closes with a discussion of how particle distribution (i.e., microstructure) affects mechanical properties. A fundamental description of particle phase transport in polymers could lead to the development of AM process control for particle-polymer composite fabrication. This would ultimately create opportunities to explore the fundamental impact that alignment has on particle-polymer composite properties, which opens up the possibility of tailoring these materials for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Shabaniverki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Jaime J. Juárez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
- Center for Multiphase Flow Research and Education, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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11
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Liu G, Lei J, Cheng F, Li K, Ji X, Huang Z, Guo Z. Ultrasonic Particle Manipulation in Glass Capillaries: A Concise Review. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:876. [PMID: 34442498 PMCID: PMC8398087 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonic particle manipulation (UPM), a non-contact and label-free method that uses ultrasonic waves to manipulate micro- or nano-scale particles, has recently gained significant attention in the microfluidics community. Moreover, glass is optically transparent and has dimensional stability, distinct acoustic impedance to water and a high acoustic quality factor, making it an excellent material for constructing chambers for ultrasonic resonators. Over the past several decades, glass capillaries are increasingly designed for a variety of UPMs, e.g., patterning, focusing, trapping and transporting of micron or submicron particles. Herein, we review established and emerging glass capillary-transducer devices, describing their underlying mechanisms of operation, with special emphasis on the application of glass capillaries with fluid channels of various cross-sections (i.e., rectangular, square and circular) on UPM. We believe that this review will provide a superior guidance for the design of glass capillary-based UPM devices for acoustic tweezers-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junjun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kemin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuanrong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhigang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (G.L.); (F.C.); (K.L.); (X.J.); (Z.H.); (Z.G.)
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Non-Traditional Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Mohanty S, Khalil ISM, Misra S. Contactless acoustic micro/nano manipulation: a paradigm for next generation applications in life sciences. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 476:20200621. [PMID: 33363443 PMCID: PMC7735305 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acoustic actuation techniques offer a promising tool for contactless manipulation of both synthetic and biological micro/nano agents that encompass different length scales. The traditional usage of sound waves has steadily progressed from mid-air manipulation of salt grains to sophisticated techniques that employ nanoparticle flow in microfluidic networks. State-of-the-art in microfabrication and instrumentation have further expanded the outreach of these actuation techniques to autonomous propulsion of micro-agents. In this review article, we provide a universal perspective of the known acoustic micromanipulation technologies in terms of their applications and governing physics. Hereby, we survey these technologies and classify them with regards to passive and active manipulation of agents. These manipulation methods account for both intelligent devices adept at dexterous non-contact handling of micro-agents, and acoustically induced mechanisms for self-propulsion of micro-robots. Moreover, owing to the clinical compliance of ultrasound, we provide future considerations of acoustic manipulation techniques to be fruitfully employed in biological applications that range from label-free drug testing to minimally invasive clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Mohanty
- Surgical Robotics Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Islam S. M. Khalil
- Surgical Robotics Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sarthak Misra
- Surgical Robotics Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
- Surgical Robotics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pereno V, Lei J, Carugo D, Stride E. Microstreaming inside Model Cells Induced by Ultrasound and Microbubbles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6388-6398. [PMID: 32407094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the bioeffects produced by ultrasound and microbubbles have focused primarily on transport in bulk tissue, drug uptake by individual cells, and disruption of biological membranes. Relatively little is known about the physical perturbations and fluid dynamics of the intracellular environment during ultrasound exposure. To investigate this, a custom acoustofluidic chamber was designed to expose model cells, in the form of giant unilamellar vesicles, to ultrasound and microbubbles. The motion of fluorescent tracer beads within the lumen of the vesicles was tracked during exposure to laminar flow (∼1 mm s-1), ultrasound (1 MHz, ∼150 kPa, 60 s), and phospholipid-coated microbubbles, alone and in combination. To decouple the effects of fluid flow and ultrasound exposure, the system was also modeled numerically by using boundary-driven streaming field equations. Both the experimental and numerical results indicate that all conditions produced internal streaming within the vesicles. Ultrasound alone produced an average bead velocity of 6.5 ± 1.3 μm/s, which increased to 8.5 ± 3.8 μm/s in the presence of microbubbles compared to 12 ± 0.12 μm/s under laminar flow. Further research on intracellular forces in mammalian cells and the associated biological effects in vitro and in vivo are required to fully determine the implications for safety and/or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Pereno
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Junjun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dario Carugo
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
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14
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On-chip simultaneous rotation of large-scale cells by acoustically oscillating bubble array. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:13. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-0470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tang Q, Zhou S, Huang L, Chen Z. Diversity of 2D Acoustofluidic Fields in an Ultrasonic Cavity Generated by Multiple Vibration Sources. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E803. [PMID: 31766721 PMCID: PMC6952793 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional acoustofluidic fields in an ultrasonic chamber actuated by segmented ring-shaped vibration sources with different excitation phases are simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics. Diverse acoustic streaming patterns, including aggregation and rotational modes, can be feasibly generated by the excitation of several sessile ultrasonic sources which only vibrate along radial direction. Numerical simulation of particle trajectory driven by acoustic radiation force and streaming-induced drag force also demonstrates that micro-scale particles suspended in the acoustofluidic chamber can be trapped in the velocity potential well of fluid flow or can rotate around the cavity center with the circumferential acoustic streaming field. Preliminary investigation of simple Russian doll- or Matryoshka-type configurations (double-layer vibration sources) provide a novel method of multifarious structure design in future researches on the combination of phononic crystals and acoustic streaming fields. The implementation of multiple segmented ring-shaped vibration sources offers flexibility for the control of acoustic streaming fields in microfluidic devices for various applications. We believe that this kind of acoustofluidic design is expected to be a promising tool for the investigation of rapid microfluidic mixing on a chip and contactless rotational manipulation of biosamples, such as cells or nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.)
| | - Song Zhou
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.)
| | - Liang Huang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
| | - Zhong Chen
- Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223001, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.)
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Latifi K, Wijaya H, Zhou Q. Motion of Heavy Particles on a Submerged Chladni Plate. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:184301. [PMID: 31144874 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.184301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy particles are traditionally believed to gather at the nodes of a resonating plate, forming standard Chladni patterns. Here, for the first time, we experimentally show that heavy particles, i.e., sub-mm particles, can move towards the antinodes of a resonating plate. By submerging the resonating plate inside a fluidic medium, the acoustic radiation force and the lateral effective weight become dominant at the sub-mm scale. Those forces, averaged over a vibration cycle, move the particles towards the antinodes and generate sophisticated patterns. We create a statistical model that relates the complex motion of particles to their locations and plate vibration frequencies in a wide spectrum of both resonant and nonresonant frequencies. Additionally, we employ our model to control the motion of single particles and a swarm of particles on the submerged plate. Our device can move particles with sufficient power at an exceptionally wide frequency range, potentially opening a path to new particle manipulation techniques at sub-mm scale in fluidic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Latifi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Harri Wijaya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
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Shabaniverki S, Thorud S, Juárez JJ. Vibrationally directed assembly of micro- and nanoparticle-polymer composites. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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