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Chen L, Zhou C, Jiang C, Huang X, Liu Z, Zhang H, Liang W, Zhao J. Translation of nanotechnology-based implants for orthopedic applications: current barriers and future perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1206806. [PMID: 37675405 PMCID: PMC10478008 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1206806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of bioimplant engineering is to develop biologically compatible materials for restoring, preserving, or altering damaged tissues and/or organ functions. The variety of substances used for orthopedic implant applications has been substantially influenced by modern material technology. Therefore, nanomaterials can mimic the surface properties of normal tissues, including surface chemistry, topography, energy, and wettability. Moreover, the new characteristics of nanomaterials promote their application in sustaining the progression of many tissues. The current review establishes a basis for nanotechnology-driven biomaterials by demonstrating the fundamental design problems that influence the success or failure of an orthopedic graft, cell adhesion, proliferation, antimicrobial/antibacterial activity, and differentiation. In this context, extensive research has been conducted on the nano-functionalization of biomaterial surfaces to enhance cell adhesion, differentiation, propagation, and implant population with potent antimicrobial activity. The possible nanomaterials applications (in terms of a functional nanocoating or a nanostructured surface) may resolve a variety of issues (such as bacterial adhesion and corrosion) associated with conventional metallic or non-metallic grafts, primarily for optimizing implant procedures. Future developments in orthopedic biomaterials, such as smart biomaterials, porous structures, and 3D implants, show promise for achieving the necessary characteristics and shape of a stimuli-responsive implant. Ultimately, the major barriers to the commercialization of nanotechnology-derived biomaterials are addressed to help overcome the limitations of current orthopedic biomaterials in terms of critical fundamental factors including cost of therapy, quality, pain relief, and implant life. Despite the recent success of nanotechnology, there are significant hurdles that must be overcome before nanomedicine may be applied to orthopedics. The objective of this review was to provide a thorough examination of recent advancements, their commercialization prospects, as well as the challenges and potential perspectives associated with them. This review aims to assist healthcare providers and researchers in extracting relevant data to develop translational research within the field. In addition, it will assist the readers in comprehending the scope and gaps of nanomedicine's applicability in the orthopedics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chanyi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zunyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengjian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
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Yao H, Wang C, Zhang Y, Wan Y, Min Q. Manufacture of Bilayered Composite Hydrogels with Strong, Elastic, and Tough Properties for Osteochondral Repair Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020203. [PMID: 37218789 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Layered composite hydrogels have been considered attractive materials for use in osteochondral repair and regeneration. These hydrogel materials should be mechanically strong, elastic, and tough besides fulfilling some basic requirements such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. A novel type of bilayered composite hydrogel with multi-network structures and well-defined injectability was thus developed for osteochondral tissue engineering using chitosan (CH), hyaluronic acid (HA), silk fibroin (SF), CH nanoparticles (NPs), and amino-functionalized mesoporous bioglass (ABG) NPs. CH was combined with HA and CH NPs to build the chondral phase of the bilayered hydrogel, and CH, SF, and ABG NPs were used together to construct the subchondral phase of the bilayer hydrogel. Rheological measurements showed that the optimally achieved gels assigned to the chondral and subchondral layers had their elastic moduli of around 6.5 and 9.9 kPa, respectively, with elastic modulus/viscous modulus ratios higher than 36, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. Compressive measurements further demonstrated that the bilayered hydrogel with an optimally formulated composition had strong, elastic, and tough characteristics. Cell culture revealed that the bilayered hydrogel had the capacity to support the in-growth of chondrocytes in the chondral phase and osteoblasts in the subchondral phase. Results suggest that the bilayered composite hydrogel can act as an injective biomaterial for osteochondral repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qing Min
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, China
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Oprita EI, Iosageanu A, Craciunescu O. Progress in Composite Hydrogels and Scaffolds Enriched with Icariin for Osteochondral Defect Healing. Gels 2022; 8:648. [PMID: 36286148 PMCID: PMC9602414 DOI: 10.3390/gels8100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral structure reconstruction by tissue engineering, a challenge in regenerative medicine, requires a scaffold that ensures both articular cartilage and subchondral bone remodeling. Functional hydrogels and scaffolds present a strategy for the controlled delivery of signaling molecules (growth factors and therapeutic drugs) and are considered a promising therapeutic approach. Icariin is a pharmacologically-active small molecule of prenylated flavonol glycoside and the main bioactive flavonoid isolated from Epimedium spp. The in vitro and in vivo testing of icariin showed chondrogenic and ostseoinductive effects, comparable to bone morphogenetic proteins, and suggested its use as an alternative to growth factors, representing a low-cost, promising approach for osteochondral regeneration. This paper reviews the complex structure of the osteochondral tissue, underlining the main aspects of osteochondral defects and those specifically occurring in osteoarthritis. The significance of icariin's structure and the extraction methods were emphasized. Studies revealing the valuable chondrogenic and osteogenic effects of icariin for osteochondral restoration were also reviewed. The review highlighted th recent state-of-the-art related to hydrogels and scaffolds enriched with icariin developed as biocompatible materials for osteochondral regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oana Craciunescu
- National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 296, Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
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Engineering Biological Tissues from the Bottom-Up: Recent Advances and Future Prospects. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010075. [PMID: 35056239 PMCID: PMC8780533 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides a powerful solution for current organ shortages, and researchers have cultured blood vessels, heart tissues, and bone tissues in vitro. However, traditional top-down tissue engineering has suffered two challenges: vascularization and reconfigurability of functional units. With the continuous development of micro-nano technology and biomaterial technology, bottom-up tissue engineering as a promising approach for organ and tissue modular reconstruction has gradually developed. In this article, relevant advances in living blocks fabrication and assembly techniques for creation of higher-order bioarchitectures are described. After a critical overview of this technology, a discussion of practical challenges is provided, and future development prospects are proposed.
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Liu Y, Peng L, Li L, Huang C, Shi K, Meng X, Wang P, Wu M, Li L, Cao H, Wu K, Zeng Q, Pan H, Lu WW, Qin L, Ruan C, Wang X. 3D-bioprinted BMSC-laden biomimetic multiphasic scaffolds for efficient repair of osteochondral defects in an osteoarthritic rat model. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121216. [PMID: 34739982 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral defect repair in osteoarthritis (OA) remains an unsolved clinical problem due to the lack of enough seed cells in the defect and chronic inflammation in the joint. To address this clinical need, we designed a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-laden 3D-bioprinted multilayer scaffold with methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA)/polycaprolactone incorporating kartogenin and β-TCP for osteochondral defect repair within each region. BMSC-laden MeHA was designed to actively introduce BMSCs in situ, and diclofenac sodium (DC)-incorporated matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive peptide-modified MeHA was induced on the BMSC-laden scaffold as an anti-inflammatory strategy. BMSCs in the scaffolds survived, proliferated, and produced large amounts of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix in vitro. The effect of BMSC-laden scaffolds on osteochondral defect repair was investigated in an animal model of medial meniscectomy-induced OA. BMSC-laden scaffolds facilitated chondrogenesis by promoting collagen II and suppressed interleukin 1β in osteochondral defects of the femoral trochlea. Congruently, BMSC-laden scaffolds significantly improved joint function of the injured leg with respect to the ground support force, paw grip force, and walk gait parameters. Therefore, this research demonstrates the potential of 3D-bioprinted BMSC-laden scaffolds to simultaneously inhibit joint inflammation and promote cartilage defect repair in OA joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Liu
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Marine Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Liuqi Peng
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Cuishan Huang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Keda Shi
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Pinpin Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ling Li
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huijuan Cao
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Marine Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Qingqiang Zeng
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haobo Pan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - William Weijia Lu
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Ebhodaghe SO. Natural Polymeric Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:2144-2194. [PMID: 34328068 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1958185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural polymeric scaffolds can be used for tissue engineering applications such as cell delivery and cell-free supporting of native tissues. This is because of their desirable properties such as; high biocompatibility, tunable mechanical strength and conductivity, large surface area, porous- and extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicked structures. Specifically, their less toxicity and biocompatibility makes them suitable for several tissue engineering applications. For these reasons, several biopolymeric scaffolds are currently being explored for numerous tissue engineering applications. To date, research on the nature, chemistry, and properties of nanocomposite biopolymers are been reported, while the need for a comprehensive research note on more tissue engineering application of these biopolymers remains. As a result, this present study comprehensively reviews the development of common natural biopolymers as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications such as cartilage tissue engineering, cornea repairs, osteochondral defect repairs, and nerve regeneration. More so, the implications of research findings for further studies are presented, while the impact of research advances on future research and other specific recommendations are added as well.
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7
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Morouço P, Fernandes C, Lattanzi W. Challenges and Innovations in Osteochondral Regeneration: Insights from Biology and Inputs from Bioengineering toward the Optimization of Tissue Engineering Strategies. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:17. [PMID: 33673516 PMCID: PMC7931100 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the extremely high incidence of lesions and diseases in aging population, it is critical to put all efforts into developing a successful implant for osteochondral tissue regeneration. Many of the patients undergoing surgery present osteochondral fissure extending until the subchondral bone (corresponding to a IV grade according to the conventional radiographic classification by Berndt and Harty). Therefore, strategies for functional tissue regeneration should also aim at healing the subchondral bone and joint interface, besides hyaline cartilage. With the ambition of contributing to solving this problem, several research groups have been working intensively on the development of tailored implants that could promote that complex osteochondral regeneration. These implants may be manufactured through a wide variety of processes and use a wide variety of (bio)materials. This review aimed to examine the state of the art regarding the challenges, advantages, and drawbacks of the current strategies for osteochondral regeneration. One of the most promising approaches relies on the principles of additive manufacturing, where technologies are used that allow for the production of complex 3D structures with a high level of control, intended and predefined geometry, size, and interconnected pores, in a reproducible way. However, not all materials are suitable for these processes, and their features should be examined, targeting a successful regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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8
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A tri-component knee plug for the 3rd generation of autologous chondrocyte implantation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17048. [PMID: 33046760 PMCID: PMC7550599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a newly designed knee plug to be used in the 3rd generation of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) in order to heal the damaged knee cartilage. It is composed of three components: The first component (Bone Portion) is a 3D printed hard scaffold with large pores (~ 850 µm), made by hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate to accommodate the bony parts underneath the knee cartilage. It is a cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm and height of 7.5 mm, with a slight dome shape on top. The plug also comprises a Cartilage Portion (component 2) which is a 3D printed gelatin/elastin/sodium-hyaluronate soft thick porous membrane with large pores to accommodate chondrocytes. Cartilage Portion is secured on top of the Bone Portion using mechanical interlocking by designing specific knobs in the 3D printed construct of the Cartilage Portion. The third component of the plug (Film) is a stitchable permeable membrane consisting of polycaprolactone (PCL) on top of the Cartilage Portion to facilitate sliding of the knee joint and to hold the entire plug in place while allowing nutrients delivery to the Cartilage Portion. The PCL Film is prepared using a combination of film casting and sacrificial material leaching with a pore size of 10 µm. It is surface modified to have specific affinity with the Cartilage Portion. The detailed design criteria and production process of this plug is presented in this report. Full in vitro analyses have been performed, which indicate the compatibility of the different components of the plug relative to their expected functions.
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Fu L, Yang Z, Gao C, Li H, Yuan Z, Wang F, Sui X, Liu S, Guo Q. Advances and prospects in biomimetic multilayered scaffolds for articular cartilage regeneration. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:527-542. [PMID: 33365139 PMCID: PMC7748444 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the sophisticated hierarchical structure and limited reparability of articular cartilage (AC), the ideal regeneration of AC defects has been a major challenge in the field of regenerative medicine. As defects progress, they often extend from the cartilage layer to the subchondral bone and ultimately lead to osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering techniques bring new hope for AC regeneration. To meet the regenerative requirements of the heterogeneous and layered structure of native AC tissue, a substantial number of multilayered biomimetic scaffolds have been studied. Ideal multilayered scaffolds should generate zone-specific functional tissue similar to native AC tissue. This review focuses on the current status of multilayered scaffolds developed for AC defect repair, including design strategies based on the degree of defect severity and the zone-specific characteristics of AC tissue, the selection and composition of biomaterials, and techniques for design and manufacturing. The challenges and future perspectives of biomimetic multilayered scaffold strategies for AC regeneration are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fuxin Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
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10
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Favreau H, Pijnenburg L, Seitlinger J, Fioretti F, Keller L, Scipioni D, Adriaensen H, Kuchler-Bopp S, Ehlinger M, Mainard D, Rosset P, Hua G, Gentile L, Benkirane-Jessel N. Osteochondral repair combining therapeutics implant with mesenchymal stem cells spheroids. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102253. [PMID: 32619705 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional articular cartilage regeneration remains challenging, and it is essential to restore focal osteochondral defects and prevent secondary osteoarthritis. Combining autologous stem cells with therapeutic medical device, we developed a bi-compartmented implant that could promote both articular cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. The first compartment based on therapeutic collagen associated with bone morphogenetic protein 2, provides structural support and promotes subchondral bone regeneration. The second compartment contains bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids to support the regeneration of the articular cartilage. Six-month post-implantation, the regenerated articular cartilage surface was 3 times larger than that of untreated animals, and the regeneration of the osteochondral tissue occurred during the formation of hyaline-like cartilage. Our results demonstrate the positive impact of this combined advanced therapy medicinal product, meeting the needs of promising osteochondral regeneration in critical size articular defects in a large animal model combining not only therapeutic implant but also stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Favreau
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de rhumatologie, Service de chirurgie thoracique and Service de chirurgie orthopédique et de traumatologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Luc Pijnenburg
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de rhumatologie, Service de chirurgie thoracique and Service de chirurgie orthopédique et de traumatologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Seitlinger
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de rhumatologie, Service de chirurgie thoracique and Service de chirurgie orthopédique et de traumatologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Florence Fioretti
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laetitia Keller
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Scipioni
- Hôpital Erasme-Cliniques universitaires de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CHIREC-Hôpital Delta, Belgique
| | - Hans Adriaensen
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique 2, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, and INRA de tours, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Sabine Kuchler-Bopp
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matthieu Ehlinger
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de rhumatologie, Service de chirurgie thoracique and Service de chirurgie orthopédique et de traumatologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Didier Mainard
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Hôpital central Nancy, Service d'Orthopédie, Nancy, France
| | - Phillippe Rosset
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique 2, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, and INRA de tours, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Guoqiang Hua
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Luca Gentile
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM (French Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Campos Y, Almirall A, Fuentes G, Bloem HL, Kaijzel EL, Cruz LJ. Tissue Engineering: An Alternative to Repair Cartilage. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 25:357-373. [PMID: 30913997 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Herein we review the state-of-the-art in tissue engineering for repair of articular cartilage. First, we describe the molecular, cellular, and histologic structure and function of endogenous cartilage, focusing on chondrocytes, collagens, extracellular matrix, and proteoglycans. We then explore in vitro cell culture on scaffolds, discussing the difficulties involved in maintaining or obtaining a chondrocytic phenotype. Next, we discuss the diverse compounds and designs used for these scaffolds, including natural and synthetic biomaterials and porous, fibrous, and multilayer architectures. We then report on the mechanical properties of different cell-loaded scaffolds, and the success of these scaffolds following in vivo implantation in small animals, in terms of generating tissue that structurally and functionally resembles native tissue. Last, we highlight future trends in this field. We conclude that despite major technical advances made over the past 15 years, and continually improving results in cartilage repair experiments in animals, the development of clinically useful implants for regeneration of articular cartilage remains a challenge
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaima Campos
- 1Biomaterials Center, Havana University, LA Habana, Cuba.,2Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gastón Fuentes
- 1Biomaterials Center, Havana University, LA Habana, Cuba.,2Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans L Bloem
- 2Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric L Kaijzel
- 2Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J Cruz
- 2Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Liu J, Fang Q, Lin H, Yu X, Zheng H, Wan Y. Alginate-poloxamer/silk fibroin hydrogels with covalently and physically cross-linked networks for cartilage tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116593. [PMID: 32829786 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poloxamer was grafted onto alginate and the optimally synthesized alginate-poloxamer (ALG-POL) copolymer was combined with silk fibroin (SF) to produce thermosensitive ALG-POL/SF hydrogels with covalently and physically crosslinked networks. The formulated ALG-POL/SF gels were found to be injectable with sol-gel transitions near physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that some ALG-POL/SF gels had their elastic modulus of around 5 kPa or higher with large ratio of elastic modulus to viscous modulus, indicative of their mechanically strong feature. The achieved ALG-POL/SF gels exhibited concurrent enhancement in strength and elasticity when compared to the gels built with either ALG-POL or SF alone. The microscopic insight into dry ALG-POL/SF gels validated that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore characteristics. These ALG-POL/SF gels showed abilities to support the in-growth of seeded chondrocytes while effectively maintaining their chondrogenic phenotype. Results suggest promising attributes of ALG-POL/SF gels as alternative biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Qing Fang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China.
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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13
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Guzzi EA, Tibbitt MW. Additive Manufacturing of Precision Biomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901994. [PMID: 31423679 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials play a critical role in modern medicine as surgical guides, implants for tissue repair, and as drug delivery systems. The emerging paradigm of precision medicine exploits individual patient information to tailor clinical therapy. While the main focus of precision medicine to date is the design of improved pharmaceutical treatments based on "-omics" data, the concept extends to all forms of customized medical care. This includes the design of precision biomaterials that are tailored to meet specific patient needs. Additive manufacturing (AM) enables free-form manufacturing and mass customization, and is a critical enabling technology for the clinical implementation of precision biomaterials. Materials scientists and engineers can contribute to the realization of precision biomaterials by developing new AM technologies, synthesizing advanced (bio)materials for AM, and improving medical-image-based digital design. As the field matures, AM is poised to provide patient-specific tissue and organ substitutes, reproducible microtissues for drug screening and disease modeling, personalized drug delivery systems, as well as customized medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia A Guzzi
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mark W Tibbitt
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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Nowicki M, Zhu W, Sarkar K, Rao R, Zhang LG. 3D printing multiphasic osteochondral tissue constructs with nano to micro features via PCL based bioink. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2019.e00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobat Tayebi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
- Department of Developmental SciencesMarquette University School of Dentistry Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
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16
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Wang W, Wan Y, Fu T, Zhou T, Tang X, Wu H, Liu C, Jagodzinski M. Effect of cyclic compression on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in tissue engineered cartilage scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1294-1302. [PMID: 30707490 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this current study, a novel multilayer porous composite scaffold was fabricated with chitosan (CS), silk fibrin (SF) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA). Scanning electron microscope was utilized to detect the characteristics of the composed scaffold. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSC) were loaded onto the CS/SF/n-HA scaffold and cultured in a bioreactor under an on-off dynamic compression (10% compressive strain, 0.5 Hz, [2 h action + 4 h pause]/cycle, 4 cycles/day). Metabolism of the loaded rBMSC was assessed through CCK-8 test. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to assess the chondrogenic differentiation of the seeded cells. Compressive modulus of the cell/scaffold constructs was analyzed. Additionally, a pig model was employed to evaluate the effect of the tissue-engineered cartilage on repairing of cartilage defect. Results showed that the four layers within the scaffold were tightly connected without gaps between porous interfaces of the layers. Scaffold porosity was 92.20% ± 1.30%. The cyclic compression upregulated chondrogenesis markers (Aggrecan, Sox-9, and collagen II). Increased compressive modulus of the cell/scaffold complex was detected after dynamic compression. The pig bone marrow stromal cells/scaffold complex exposed to cyclic compression presented most favorable reparative effect on the mini pig femoral condyle cartilage defects. Our study suggested that the on-off dynamic compression might be a promising approach to fabricate tissue-engineered cartilage in vitro. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1294-1302, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Michael Jagodzinski
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Hanover Medical School (MHH), Hanover D-30625, Germany
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17
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Hiemer B, Genz B, Ostwald J, Jonitz-Heincke A, Wree A, Lindner T, Tischer T, Dommerich S, Bader R. Repair of cartilage defects with devitalized osteochondral tissue: A pilot animal study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2354-2364. [PMID: 30701676 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Devitalization using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment inactivates cells while matrix structure and biomechanical properties are maintained. Because of strong chondroinductive potential of HHP-devitalized cartilage matrix, it may be used as scaffold for reconstruction of (osteo-)chondral lesions. In this pilot study, we evaluated the feasibility of HHP-devitalized osteochondral tissue to repair osteochondral defects in a rabbit model. Removal and reimplantation of osteochondral plugs were performed in 12 female New Zealand White rabbits. From the knee joint of each animal, osteochondral plugs (diameter = 4 mm; depth = 2.5 mm) were harvested and devitalized by HHP (452 MPa for 10 min). Afterward, the plugs were reimplanted into the respective cavity, from where they were taken. Animals were sacrificed 12 weeks postoperatively and the integration of osteochondral plugs was examined using μ-CT, MRI, and histological staining. Furthermore, revitalization of HHP-treated osteochondral plugs was characterized by gene expression analyses. Macroscopic evaluation of tissue repair at implantation sites of HHP-treated osteochondral plugs showed an adequate defect filling 12 weeks after implantation. Plug margins were hardly detectable indicating successful tissue integration. Additionally, gene expression analyses demonstrated initial revitalization of the HHP-treated tissue 12 weeks postoperatively. Our preliminary data revealed that HHP-treated osteochondral plugs could be used to refill osteochondral defects in the knee joint and promote cell migration into defect site. Data indicated that HHP-treated tissue has the potential to act as functional scaffolds for reconstruction of cartilage defects. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2354-2364, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Hiemer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Berit Genz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Hepatic Fibrosis Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jürgen Ostwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anika Jonitz-Heincke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Wree
- Department of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Lindner
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Tischer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Steffen Dommerich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité Berlin University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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18
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Abdulghani S, Morouço PG. Biofabrication for osteochondral tissue regeneration: bioink printability requirements. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:20. [PMID: 30689057 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biofabrication allows the formation of 3D scaffolds through a precise spatial control. This is of foremost importance when aiming to mimic heterogeneous and anisotropic architecture, such as that of the osteochondral tissue. Osteochondral defects are a supreme challenge for tissue engineering due to the compositional and structural complexity of stratified architecture and contrasting biomechanical properties of the cartilage-bone interface. This review highlights the advancements and retreats witnessed by using developed bioinks for tissue regeneration, taking osteochondral tissue as a challenging example. Methods, materials and requirements for bioprinting were discussed, highlighting the pre and post-processing factors that researchers should consider towards the development of a clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Abdulghani
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal - Zona Industrial., Marinha Grande, 2430-028, Portugal.
| | - Pedro G Morouço
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Rua de Portugal - Zona Industrial., Marinha Grande, 2430-028, Portugal
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19
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Baudequin T, Tabrizian M. Multilineage Constructs for Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering: A Review of Tissue-Specific Challenges. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29193897 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the regeneration of tissue in interfacial regions, where biological, physical, and chemical attributes vary across tissue type. The simultaneous use of distinct cell lineages can help in developing in vitro structures, analogous to native composite tissues. This literature review gathers the recent reports that have investigated multiple cell types of various sources and lineages in a coculture system for tissue-engineered constructs. Such studies aim at mimicking the native organization of tissues and their interfaces, and/or to improve the development of complex tissue substitutes. This paper thus distinguishes itself from those focusing on technical aspects of coculturing for a single specific tissue. The first part of this review is dedicated to variables of cocultured tissue engineering such as scaffold, cells, and in vitro culture environment. Next, tissue-specific coculture methods and approaches are covered for the most studied tissues. Finally, cross-analysis is performed to highlight emerging trends in coculture principles and to discuss how tissue-specific challenges can inspire new approaches for regeneration of different interfaces to improve the outcomes of various tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; 3775 rue University, Room 313/308B Montréal QC H3A 2B4 Québec Canada
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20
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Das D, Zhang S, Noh I. Synthesis and characterizations of alginate-α-tricalcium phosphate microparticle hybrid film with flexibility and high mechanical property as a biomaterial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:025008. [PMID: 28956533 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa8fa1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A biocompatible hybrid film has been fabricated using alginate (Alg), α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) microparticle and calcium chloride through ionic crosslinking as a biomaterial. The 'screeding method' (like a concrete finishing process) has been employed to develop the Alg-α-TCP film. For this method, the Alg/α-TCP blend has been prepared using an ultra-sonicator and then put on a glass slide. After that, the excess volume of blend has been cut off by skidding another slide along with the surface of the blend to achieve proper grade and flatness. The mechanical strength and flexibility of the film (Alg-α-TCP) has been controlled by changing its compositions. The crosslinking phenomenon has been confirmed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), x-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses. The ATR-FTIR and 13C NMR analysis results suggest that carboxylate groups of the alginate are ionically cross-linked with Ca2+ ions, while the α-TCP particles reside in the network by physical interaction. The micro-fatigue test results imply high tensile strength (up to 257 MPa) and flexibility (up to 13% elongation) of the Alg-α-TCP hybrid films. The SEM analysis suggests the α-TCP particles are homogeneously distributed on the surface of Alg-α-TCP films, whereas cross-sectional images confirmed the presence of α-TCP in the cross-linked network. TGA results demonstrated that thermal stability of the hybrid film was enhanced due to ionic crosslinking and interfacial interaction between alginate and α-TCP. The incorporation of α-TCP particles diminished the swelling ratio of the hybrid film. The in vitro bone cell (MC3T3) culture and cytotoxicity tests showed that the hybrid film is biocompatible. The hybrid film releases bovine serum albumin and dimethyloxaloylglycine in a controlled way at pH 7 and 7.4, and 37 °C. Overall, the biocompatible Alg-α-TCP hybrid film with excellent mechanical strength and flexibility could be applied as an interfacial film in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Das
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea. Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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21
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Xiongfa J, Hao Z, Liming Z, Jun X. Recent advances in 3D bioprinting for the regeneration of functional cartilage. Regen Med 2018; 13:73-87. [PMID: 29350587 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of regeneration for functional cartilage has progressed tremendously. Conventional approaches for regenerating the damaged tissue based on integrated manufacturing are limited by their inability to produce precise and customized biomimetic tissues. On the other hand, 3D bioprinting is a promising technique with increased versatility because it can co-deliver cells and biomaterials with proper compositions and spatial distributions. In the present article, we review recent progress in the complete 3D printing process involved in functional cartilage regeneration, including printing techniques, biomaterials and cells. We also discuss the combination of 3D in vivo hybrid bioprinting with spheroids, gene delivery strategies and zonal cartilage design as a future direction of cartilage regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Xiongfa
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhu Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhao Liming
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao Jun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan 430072, China
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22
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Nanoparticles-Based Systems for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1059:209-217. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76735-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Naghizadeh F, Solouk A, Khoulenjani SB. Osteochondral scaffolds based on electrospinning method: General review on new and emerging approaches. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2017.1393682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Naghizadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Solouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadab Bagheri Khoulenjani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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24
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Clearfield D, Nguyen A, Wei M. Biomimetic multidirectional scaffolds for zonal osteochondral tissue engineering via a lyophilization bonding approach. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:948-958. [PMID: 29115031 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The zonal organization of osteochondral tissue underlies its long term function. Despite this, tissue engineering strategies targeted for osteochondral repair commonly rely on the use of isotropic biomaterials for tissue reconstruction. There exists a need for a new class of highly biomimetic, anisotropic scaffolds that may allow for the engineering of new tissue with zonal properties. To address this need, we report the facile production of monolithic multidirectional collagen-based scaffolds that recapitulate the zonal structure and composition of osteochondral tissue. First, superficial and osseous zone-mimicking scaffolds were fabricated by unidirectional freeze casting collagen-hyaluronic acid and collagen-hydroxyapatite-containing suspensions, respectively. Following their production, a lyophilization bonding process was used to conjoin these scaffolds with a distinct collagen-hyaluronic acid suspension mimicking the composition of the transition zone. Resulting matrices contained a thin, highly aligned superficial zone that interfaced with a cellular transition zone and vertically oriented calcified cartilage and osseous zones. Confocal microscopy confirmed a zone-specific localization of hyaluronic acid, reflecting the depth-dependent increase of glycosaminoglycans in the native tissue. Poorly crystalline, carbonated hydroxyapatite was localized to the calcified cartilage and osseous zones and bordered the transition zone. Compressive testing of hydrated scaffold zones confirmed an increase of stiffness with scaffold depth, where compressive moduli of chondral and osseous zones fell within or near ranges conducive for chondrogenesis or osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. With the combination of these biomimetic architectural and compositional cues, these multidirectional scaffolds hold great promise for the engineering of zonal osteochondral tissue. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 948-958, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Clearfield
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Andrew Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Mei Wei
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
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25
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Lee YH, Wu HC, Yeh CW, Kuan CH, Liao HT, Hsu HC, Tsai JC, Sun JS, Wang TW. Enzyme-crosslinked gene-activated matrix for the induction of mesenchymal stem cells in osteochondral tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:210-226. [PMID: 28899816 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of osteochondral tissue engineering is an important issue for the treatment of traumatic injury or aging associated joint disease. However, the different compositions and mechanical properties of cartilage and subchondral bone show the complexity of this tissue interface, making it challenging for the design and fabrication of osteochondral graft substitute. In this study, a bilayer scaffold is developed to promote the regeneration of osteochondral tissue within a single integrated construct. It has the capacity to serve as a gene delivery platform to promote transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and the functional osteochondral tissues formation. For the subchondral bone layer, the bone matrix with organic (type I collagen, Col) and inorganic (hydroxyapatite, Hap) composite scaffold has been developed through mineralization of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals oriented growth on collagen fibrils. We also prepare multi-shell nanoparticles in different layers with a calcium phosphate core and DNA/calcium phosphate shells conjugated with polyethyleneimine to act as non-viral vectors for delivery of plasmid DNA encoding BMP2 and TGF-β3, respectively. Microbial transglutaminase is used as a cross-linking agent to crosslink the bilayer scaffold. The ability of this scaffold to act as a gene-activated matrix is demonstrated with successful transfection efficiency. The results show that the sustained release of plasmids from gene-activated matrix can promote prolonged transgene expression and stimulate hMSCs differentiation into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages by spatial and temporal control within the bilayer composite scaffold. This improved delivery method may enhance the functionalized composite graft to accelerate healing process for osteochondral tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, a gene-activated matrix (GAM) to promote the growth of both cartilage and subchondral bone within a single integrated construct is developed. It has the capacity to promote transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and the functional osteochondral tissues formation. The results show that the sustained release of plasmids including TGF-beta and BMP-2 from GAM could promote prolonged transgene expression and stimulate hMSCs differentiation into the osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages by spatial control manner. This improved delivery method should enhance the functionalized composite graft to accelerate healing process in vitro and in vivo for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chin Wu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tatung University, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Yeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Kuan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Han-Tsung Liao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Chaung Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Che Tsai
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tatung University, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Wei Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
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26
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Nowicki M, Castro NJ, Rao R, Plesniak M, Zhang LG. Integrating three-dimensional printing and nanotechnology for musculoskeletal regeneration. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:382001. [PMID: 28762957 PMCID: PMC5612478 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa8351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is advancing steadily, partly due to advancements in rapid prototyping technology. Even with increasing focus, successful complex tissue regeneration of vascularized bone, cartilage and the osteochondral interface remains largely illusive. This review examines current three-dimensional printing techniques and their application towards bone, cartilage and osteochondral regeneration. The importance of, and benefit to, nanomaterial integration is also highlighted with recent published examples. Early-stage successes and challenges of recent studies are discussed, with an outlook to future research in the related areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Nowicki
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington DC 20052, United States of America
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27
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D'Amora U, D'Este M, Eglin D, Safari F, Sprecher CM, Gloria A, De Santis R, Alini M, Ambrosio L. Collagen density gradient on three-dimensional printed poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds for interface tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:321-329. [PMID: 28486746 DOI: 10.1002/term.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The ability to engineer scaffolds that resemble the transition between tissues would be beneficial to improve repair of complex organs, but has yet to be achieved. In order to mimic tissue organization, such constructs should present continuous gradients of geometry, stiffness and biochemical composition. Although the introduction of rapid prototyping or additive manufacturing techniques allows deposition of heterogeneous layers and shape control, the creation of surface chemical gradients has not been explored on three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds obtained through fused deposition modelling technique. Thus, the goal of this study was to introduce a gradient functionalization method in which a poly(ε-caprolactone) surface was first aminolysed and subsequently covered with collagen via carbodiimide reaction. The 2D constructs were characterized for their amine and collagen contents, wettability, surface topography and biofunctionality. Finally, chemical gradients were created in 3D printed scaffolds with controlled geometry and porosity. The combination of additive manufacturing and surface modification is a viable tool for the fabrication of 3D constructs with controlled structural and chemical gradients. These constructs can be employed for mimicking continuous tissue gradients for interface tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo D'Amora
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - David Eglin
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Antonio Gloria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto De Santis
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Alini
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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28
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Development of polymeric functionally graded scaffolds: a brief review. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2017; 15:e107-e121. [PMID: 28009418 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent years, there has been a growing interest in multilayer scaffolds fabrication approaches. In fact, functionally graded scaffolds (FGSs) provide biological and mechanical functions potentially similar to those of native tissues. Based on the final application of the scaffold, there are different properties (physical, mechanical, biochemical, etc.) which need to gradually change in space. Therefore, a number of different technologies have been investigated, and often combined, to customize each region of the scaffolds as much as possible, aiming at achieving the best regenerative performance.In general, FGSs can be categorized as bilayered or multilayered, depending on the number of layers in the whole structure. In other cases, scaffolds are characterized by a continuous gradient of 1 or more specific properties that cannot be related to the presence of clearly distinguished layers. Since each traditional approach presents peculiar advantages and disadvantages, FGSs are good candidates to overcome the limitations of current treatment options. In contrast to the reviews reported in the literature, which usually focus on the application of FGS, this brief review provides an overview of the most common strategies adopted to prepare FGS.
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29
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Trachtenberg JE, Placone JK, Smith BT, Fisher JP, Mikos AG. Extrusion-based 3D printing of poly(propylene fumarate) scaffolds with hydroxyapatite gradients. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2017; 28:532-554. [PMID: 28125380 PMCID: PMC5597446 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1286184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The primary focus of this work is to present the current challenges of printing scaffolds with concentration gradients of nanoparticles with an aim to improve the processing of these scaffolds. Furthermore, we address how print fidelity is related to material composition and emphasize the importance of considering this relationship when developing complex scaffolds for bone implants. The ability to create complex tissues is becoming increasingly relevant in the tissue engineering community. For bone tissue engineering applications, this work demonstrates the ability to use extrusion-based printing techniques to control the spatial deposition of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles in a 3D composite scaffold. In doing so, we combined the benefits of synthetic, degradable polymers, such as poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), with osteoconductive HA nanoparticles that provide robust compressive mechanical properties. Furthermore, the final 3D printed scaffolds consisted of well-defined layers with interconnected pores, two critical features for a successful bone implant. To demonstrate a controlled gradient of HA, thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to quantify HA on a per-layer basis. Moreover, we non-destructively evaluated the tendency of HA particles to aggregate within PPF using micro-computed tomography (μCT). This work provides insight for proper fabrication and characterization of composite scaffolds containing particle gradients and has broad applicability for future efforts in fabricating complex scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
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Key Words
- (Tukey’s) Honestly Significant Difference test, HSD
- Analysis of variance, ANOVA
- Atomic force microscopy, AFM
- Diethyl fumarate, DEF
- Dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO
- Extracellular matrix, ECM
- Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR
- Hydroxyapatite, HA
- Micro-computed tomography, μCT.
- Phenylbis(246-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide, BAPO
- Poly(propylene fumarate), PPF
- Poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(ε-caprolactone), PPF-co-PCL
- Polydispersity index, PDI
- Scanning electron microscopy, SEM
- Sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS
- Stereolithography, STL
- Thermogravimetric analysis, TGA
- Viscosity
- bone tissue engineering
- composites
- compressive modulus
- gradient
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesse K. Placone
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - John P. Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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30
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Zhu W, Xu C, Ma BP, Zheng ZB, Li YL, Ma Q, Wu GL, Weng XS. Three-dimensional Printed Scaffolds with Gelatin and Platelets Enhance In vitro Preosteoblast Growth Behavior and the Sustained-release Effect of Growth Factors. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:2576-2581. [PMID: 27779164 PMCID: PMC5125336 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.192770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology holds great promise for treating diseases or injuries that affect human bones with enhanced performance over traditional techniques. Different patterns of design can lead to various mechanical properties and biocompatibility to various degrees. However, there is still a long way to go before we can fully take advantage of 3D printing technologies. Methods: This study tailored 3D printed scaffolds with gelatin and platelets to maximize bone regeneration. The scaffolds were designed with special internal porous structures that can allow bone tissue and large molecules to infiltrate better into the scaffolds. They were then treated with gelatin and platelets via thermo-crosslinking and freeze-drying, respectively. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were measured at different time points after the scaffolds had been made. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were determined via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Results: There was a massive boost in the level of VEGF and TGF-β1 released by the scaffolds with gelatin and platelets compared to that of scaffolds with only gelatin. After 21 days of culture, the CCK-8 cell counts of the control group and treated group were significantly higher than that of the blank group (P < 0.05). The cytotoxicity test also indicated the safety of the scaffolds. Conclusions: Our experiments confirmed that the 3D printed scaffolds we had designed could provide a sustained-release effect for growth factors and improve the proliferation of preosteoblasts with little cytotoxicity in vitro. They may hold promise as bone graft substitute materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bu-Peng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu-Long Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Weng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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31
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O’Connell G, Garcia J, Amir J. 3D Bioprinting: New Directions in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2657-2668. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace O’Connell
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering University of California, Berkeley, 5122 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeanette Garcia
- IBM Research-Almaden, 650
Harry Road K17/D2, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Jamali Amir
- Joint Preservation Institute, 2825 J Street #440, Sacramento, California 95816, United States
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32
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Rheological, mechanical and degradable properties of injectable chitosan/silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite/glycerophosphate hydrogels. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 64:161-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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33
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Nowicki MA, Castro NJ, Plesniak MW, Zhang LG. 3D printing of novel osteochondral scaffolds with graded microstructure. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:414001. [PMID: 27606933 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/41/414001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral tissue has a complex graded structure where biological, physiological, and mechanical properties vary significantly over the full thickness spanning from the subchondral bone region beneath the joint surface to the hyaline cartilage region at the joint surface. This presents a significant challenge for tissue-engineered structures addressing osteochondral defects. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D bioprinters present a unique solution to this problem. The objective of this study is to use FDM-based 3D bioprinting and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite for improved bone marrow human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, growth, and osteochondral differentiation. FDM printing parameters can be tuned through computer aided design and computer numerical control software to manipulate scaffold geometries in ways that are beneficial to mechanical performance without hindering cellular behavior. Additionally, the ability to fine-tune 3D printed scaffolds increases further through our investment casting procedure which facilitates the inclusion of nanoparticles with biochemical factors to further elicit desired hMSC differentiation. For this study, FDM was used to print investment-casting molds innovatively designed with varied pore distribution over the full thickness of the scaffold. The mechanical and biological impacts of the varied pore distributions were compared and evaluated to determine the benefits of this physical manipulation. The results indicate that both mechanical properties and cell performance improve in the graded pore structures when compared to homogeneously distributed porous and non-porous structures. Differentiation results indicated successful osteogenic and chondrogenic manipulation in engineered scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Nowicki
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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34
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Cross LM, Thakur A, Jalili NA, Detamore M, Gaharwar AK. Nanoengineered biomaterials for repair and regeneration of orthopedic tissue interfaces. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:2-17. [PMID: 27326917 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Orthopedic interface tissue engineering aims to mimic the structure and function of soft-to-hard tissue junctions, particularly bone-ligament, bone-tendon, and bone-cartilage interfaces. A range of engineering approaches has been proposed to mimic the gradient architecture, physical properties and chemical characteristics of interface tissues using conventional polymeric biomaterials. Recent developments in nanomaterials and nanofabrication technologies introduce a range of synthesis and fabrication tools to effectively engineer the structure and function of native tissue interfaces. In this review, we will focus on nanoengineered strategies used to replicate the structural and functional aspects of native biological tissues for engineering bone-cartilage, bone-ligament, and bone-tendon interfaces. This review will also highlight some of the emerging applications and future potential of nanomaterials and fabrication technologies in engineering tissue interfaces. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A major challenge in engineering interfaces is to control the physical and structural characteristics of an artificial environment. The use of nanomaterials and nanoengineered strategies allow for greater control over the changes in structure and function at molecular and nanometer length scale. This review focuses on advanced nanomaterials and nanofabrication approaches developed to emulate bone-cartilage, bone-ligament, and bone-tendon interface regions. Some of the emerging nanoengineered biomaterials proposed to mimic tissue interfaces are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Cross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77841, USA
| | - Ashish Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77841, USA
| | - Nima A Jalili
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77841, USA
| | - Michael Detamore
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Akhilesh K Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77841, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77841, USA; Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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35
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Functionally graded materials for orthopedic applications – an update on design and manufacturing. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:504-531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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36
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Jordan AM, Viswanath V, Kim SE, Pokorski JK, Korley LTJ. Processing and surface modification of polymer nanofibers for biological scaffolds: a review. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5958-5974. [PMID: 32263485 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric fibrous constructs possess high surface area-to-volume ratios when compared with solid substrates and are quite commonly used as tissue engineering and cell growth scaffolds. An overview of important design and material considerations for fibrous scaffolds as well as an outline of both established and emerging solution- and melt-based fabrication techniques is provided. Innovative post-process surface modification avenues using "click" chemistry with both single and dual active cues as well as gradient cues, which maintain the fibrous structure are described. By combining process parameters with post-process surface modification, researchers have been able to selectively tune cellular response after seeding and culturing on fibrous constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Jordan
- Center for Layered Polymeric Systems, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7202, USA.
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37
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Tong X, Jiang J, Zhu D, Yang F. Hydrogels with Dual Gradients of Mechanical and Biochemical Cues for Deciphering Cell-Niche Interactions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:845-852. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Danqing Zhu
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur
Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Fan Yang
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur
Drive, Edwards R105, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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38
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Zhang Y, Ye L, Cui J, Yang B, Sun H, Li J, Yao F. A Biomimetic Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan Composite Scaffold with Oriented Microarchitecture. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:544-557. [PMID: 33465858 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In general, the design of a scaffold should imitate certain advantageous properties of native extracellular matrix (ECM) to operate as a temporary ECM for cells. From this perspective, a biomimetic scaffold was prepared using poly(vinyl alcohol) and carrageenan in which axially oriented pore structure can be formed through a facile unidirectional freeze-thaw method. We examined the feasibility of this oriented scaffold, which has better physicochemical properties than a non-oriented scaffold fabricated by the conventional method. The microenvironment of this oriented scaffold could imitate biochemical and physical cues of natural cartilage ECM for guiding spatial organization and proliferation of cells in vitro, indicating its potential in cartilage repair strategy. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the scaffold in vivo was demonstrated in a subcutaneous rat model, which revealed uniform infiltration and survival of newly formed tissue into the oriented scaffold after 4 weeks with only a minimal inflammatory response being observed over the course of the experiments. These results together indicated that the present biomimetic scaffold with oriented microarchitecture could be a promising candidate for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Cui
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | | | - Hong Sun
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100850, China
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39
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Benetti EM, Gunnewiek MK, van Blitterswijk CA, Julius Vancso G, Moroni L. Mimicking natural cell environments: design, fabrication and application of bio-chemical gradients on polymeric biomaterial substrates. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4244-4257. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00947f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gradients of biomolecules on synthetic, solid substrates can efficiently mimic the natural, graded variation of properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmondo M. Benetti
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - Michel Klein Gunnewiek
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - Clemens A. van Blitterswijk
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration
- MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine
- Maastricht University
- 6200 MD Maastricht
- The Netherlands
| | - G. Julius Vancso
- Department of Materials Science and Technology of Polymers
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- 7500 AE Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration
- MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine
- Maastricht University
- 6200 MD Maastricht
- The Netherlands
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40
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Gibbs DMR, Vaezi M, Yang S, Oreffo ROC. Hope versus hype: what can additive manufacturing realistically offer trauma and orthopedic surgery? Regen Med 2015; 9:535-49. [PMID: 25159068 DOI: 10.2217/rme.14.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a broad term encompassing 3D printing and several other varieties of material processing, which involve computer-directed layer-by-layer synthesis of materials. As the popularity of AM increases, so to do expectations of the medical therapies this process may offer. Clinical requirements and limitations of current treatment strategies in bone grafting, spinal arthrodesis, osteochondral injury and treatment of periprosthetic joint infection are discussed. The various approaches to AM are described, and the current state of clinical translation of AM across these orthopedic clinical scenarios is assessed. Finally, we attempt to distinguish between what AM may offer orthopedic surgery from the hype of what has been promised by AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M R Gibbs
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells & Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences (MP887), Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire S016 6YD, UK
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41
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Combined additive manufacturing approaches in tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2015; 24:1-11. [PMID: 26134665 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances introduced by additive manufacturing (AM) have significantly improved the control over the microarchitecture of scaffolds for tissue engineering. This has led to the flourishing of research works addressing the optimization of AM scaffolds microarchitecture to optimally trade-off between conflicting requirements (e.g. mechanical stiffness and porosity level). A fascinating trend concerns the integration of AM with other scaffold fabrication methods (i.e. "combined" AM), leading to hybrid architectures with complementary structural features. Although this innovative approach is still at its beginning, significant results have been achieved in terms of improved biological response to the scaffold, especially targeting the regeneration of complex tissues. This review paper reports the state of the art in the field of combined AM, posing the accent on recent trends, challenges, and future perspectives.
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42
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Li X, Ding J, Wang J, Zhuang X, Chen X. Biomimetic biphasic scaffolds for osteochondral defect repair. Regen Biomater 2015; 2:221-8. [PMID: 26816644 PMCID: PMC4669014 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbv015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The osteochondral defects caused by vigorous trauma or physical disease are difficult to be managed. Tissue engineering provides a possible option to regenerate the damaged osteochondral tissues. For osteochondral reconstruction, one intact scaffold should be considered to support the regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone. Therefore, the biphasic scaffolds with the mimic structures of osteochondral tissues have been developed to close this chasm. A variety of biomimetic bilayer scaffolds fabricated from natural or synthetic polymers, or the ones loading with growth factors, cells, or both of them make great progresses in osteochondral defect repair. In this review, the preparation and in vitro and/or in vivo verification of bioinspired biphasic scaffolds are summarized and discussed, as well as the prospect is predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China;; Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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43
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Lee WD, Hurtig MB, Pilliar RM, Stanford WL, Kandel RA. Engineering of hyaline cartilage with a calcified zone using bone marrow stromal cells. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1307-15. [PMID: 25891750 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In healthy joints, a zone of calcified cartilage (ZCC) provides the mechanical integration between articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Recapitulation of this architectural feature should serve to resist the constant shear force from the movement of the joint and prevent the delamination of tissue-engineered cartilage. Previous approaches to create the ZCC at the cartilage-substrate interface have relied on strategic use of exogenous scaffolds and adhesives, which are susceptible to failure by degradation and wear. In contrast, we report a successful scaffold-free engineering of ZCC to integrate tissue-engineered cartilage and a porous biodegradable bone substitute, using sheep bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) as the cell source for both cartilaginous zones. DESIGN BMSCs were predifferentiated to chondrocytes, harvested and then grown on a porous calcium polyphosphate substrate in the presence of triiodothyronine (T3). T3 was withdrawn, and additional predifferentiated chondrocytes were placed on top of the construct and grown for 21 days. RESULTS This protocol yielded two distinct zones: hyaline cartilage that accumulated proteoglycans and collagen type II, and calcified cartilage adjacent to the substrate that additionally accumulated mineral and collagen type X. Constructs with the calcified interface had comparable compressive strength to native sheep osteochondral tissue and higher interfacial shear strength compared to control without a calcified zone. CONCLUSION This protocol improves on the existing scaffold-free approaches to cartilage tissue engineering by incorporating a calcified zone. Since this protocol employs no xenogeneic material, it will be appropriate for use in preclinical large-animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Lee
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - M B Hurtig
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 McGilvray Street, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R M Pilliar
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - W L Stanford
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Box 511, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Box 511, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada.
| | - R A Kandel
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
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Zhou T, Wu J, Liu J, Luo Y, Wan Y. Fabrication and characterization of layered chitosan/silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds with designed composition and mechanical properties. Biomed Mater 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/4/045013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Li JJ, Kim K, Roohani-Esfahani SI, Guo J, Kaplan DL, Zreiqat H. A biphasic scaffold based on silk and bioactive ceramic with stratified properties for osteochondral tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5361-5376. [PMID: 26167284 PMCID: PMC4494762 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Significant clinical challenges encountered in the effective long-term treatment of osteochondral defects have inspired advancements in scaffold-based tissue engineering techniques to aid repair and regeneration. This study reports the development of a biphasic scaffold produced via a rational combination of silk fibroin and bioactive ceramic with stratified properties to satisfy the complex and diverse regenerative requirements of osteochondral tissue. Structural examination showed that the biphasic scaffold contained two phases with different pore morphologies to match the cartilage and bone segments of osteochondral tissue, which were joined at a continuous interface. Mechanical assessment showed that the two phases of the biphasic scaffold imitated the load-bearing behaviour of native osteochondral tissue and matched its compressive properties. In vitro testing showed that different compositions in the two phases of the biphasic scaffold could direct the preferential differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells towards the chondrogenic or osteogenic lineage. By featuring simple and reproducible fabrication and a well-integrated interface, the biphasic scaffold strategy established in this study circumvented the common problems experienced with integrated scaffold designs and could provide an effective approach for the regeneration of osteochondral tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao Li
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kyungsook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Seyed-Iman Roohani-Esfahani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Castro NJ, Patel R, Zhang LG. Design of a Novel 3D Printed Bioactive Nanocomposite Scaffold for Improved Osteochondral Regeneration. Cell Mol Bioeng 2015; 8:416-432. [PMID: 26366231 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-015-0389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic and acute osteochondral defects as a result of osteoarthritis and trauma present a common and serious clinical problem due to the tissue's inherent complexity and poor regenerative capacity. In addition, cells within the osteochondral tissue are in intimate contact with a 3D nanostructured extracellular matrix composed of numerous bioactive organic and inorganic components. As an emerging manufacturing technique, 3D printing offers great precision and control over the microarchitecture, shape and composition of tissue scaffolds. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a biomimetic 3D printed nanocomposite scaffold with integrated differentiation cues for improved osteochondral tissue regeneration. Through the combination of novel nano-inks composed of organic and inorganic bioactive factors and advanced 3D printing, we have successfully fabricated a series of novel constructs which closely mimic the native 3D extracellular environment with hierarchical nanoroughness, microstructure and spatiotemporal bioactive cues. Our results illustrate several key characteristics of the 3D printed nanocomposite scaffold to include improved mechanical properties as well as excellent cytocompatibility for enhanced human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteochondral differentiation in vitro. The present work further illustrates the effectiveness of the scaffolds developed here as a promising and highly tunable platform for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Castro
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22 street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052
| | - Romil Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22 street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22 street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052 ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22 street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052 ; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, 800 22 street, NW, Washington, DC, 20052
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Rivera AL, Baskaran H. The Effect of Biomolecular Gradients on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis under Shear Stress. MICROMACHINES 2015; 6:330-346. [PMID: 34026281 PMCID: PMC8138782 DOI: 10.3390/mi6030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is viewed as a promising option for long-term repair of cartilage lesions, but current engineered cartilage constructs fail to match the mechanical properties of native tissue. The extracellular matrix of adult human articular cartilage contains highly organized collagen fibrils that enhance the mechanical properties of the tissue. Unlike articular cartilage, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based tissue engineered cartilage constructs lack this oriented microstructure and therefore display much lower mechanical strength. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of biomolecular gradients and shear stress on MSCs undergoing chondrogenesis within a microfluidic device. Via poly(dimethyl siloxane) soft-lithography, microfluidic devices containing a gradient generator were created. Human MSCs were seeded within these chambers and exposed to flow-based transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) gradients. When the MSCs were both confluent and exposed to shear stress, the cells aligned along the flow direction. Exposure to TGF-β1 gradients led to chondrogenesis of MSCs, indicated by positive type II collagen staining. These results, together with a previous study that showed that aligned MSCs produce aligned collagen, suggest that oriented cartilage tissue structures with superior mechanical properties can be obtained by aligning MSCs along the flow direction and exposing MSCs to chondrogenic gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L. Rivera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Harihara Baskaran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +1-216-368-1029; Fax: +1-216-368-3016
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O'Brien CM, Holmes B, Faucett S, Zhang LG. Three-dimensional printing of nanomaterial scaffolds for complex tissue regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2015; 21:103-14. [PMID: 25084122 PMCID: PMC4322091 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has recently expanded in popularity, and become the cutting edge of tissue engineering research. A growing emphasis from clinicians on patient-specific care, coupled with an increasing knowledge of cellular and biomaterial interaction, has led researchers to explore new methods that enable the greatest possible control over the arrangement of cells and bioactive nanomaterials in defined scaffold geometries. In this light, the cutting edge technology of 3D printing also enables researchers to more effectively compose multi-material and cell-laden scaffolds with less effort. In this review, we explore the current state of 3D printing with a focus on printing of nanomaterials and their effect on various complex tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Benjamin Holmes
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Scott Faucett
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
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Yousefi AM, Hoque ME, Prasad RGSV, Uth N. Current strategies in multiphasic scaffold design for osteochondral tissue engineering: A review. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2460-81. [PMID: 25345589 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The repair of osteochondral defects requires a tissue engineering approach that aims at mimicking the physiological properties and structure of two different tissues (cartilage and bone) using specifically designed scaffold-cell constructs. Biphasic and triphasic approaches utilize two or three different architectures, materials, or composites to produce a multilayered construct. This article gives an overview of some of the current strategies in multiphasic/gradient-based scaffold architectures and compositions for tissue engineering of osteochondral defects. In addition, the application of finite element analysis (FEA) in scaffold design and simulation of in vitro and in vivo cell growth outcomes has been briefly covered. FEA-based approaches can potentially be coupled with computer-assisted fabrication systems for controlled deposition and additive manufacturing of the simulated patterns. Finally, a summary of the existing challenges associated with the repair of osteochondral defects as well as some recommendations for future directions have been brought up in the concluding section of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizeh-Mitra Yousefi
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 45056
| | - Md Enamul Hoque
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Malaysia
| | - Rangabhatala G S V Prasad
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Nano Research for Advanced Materials, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Nicholas Uth
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 45056
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Yin D, Wu H, Liu C, Zhang J, Zhou T, Wu J, Wan Y. Fabrication of composition-graded collagen/chitosan–polylactide scaffolds with gradient architecture and properties. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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