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Wang X, Wang C, Chu C, Xue F, Li J, Bai J. Structure-function integrated biodegradable Mg/polymer composites: Design, manufacturing, properties, and biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:74-105. [PMID: 38783927 PMCID: PMC11112617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mg is a typical biodegradable metal widely used for biomedical applications due to its considerable mechanical properties and bioactivity. Biodegradable polymers have attracted great interest owing to their favorable processability and inclusiveness. However, it is challenging for the degradation rates of Mg or polymers to precisely match tissue repair processes, and the significant changes in local pH during degradation hinder tissue repair. The concept of combining Mg with polymers is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of materials, aiming to meet repair needs from various aspects such as mechanics and biology. Therefore, it is essential to systematically understand the behavior of biodegradable Mg/polymer composite (BMPC) from the design, manufacturing, mechanical properties, degradation, and biological effects. In this review, we elaborate on the design concepts and manufacturing strategies of high-strength BMPC, the "structure-function" relationship between the microstructures and mechanical properties of composites, the variation in the degradation rate due to endogenous and exogenous factors, and the establishment of advanced degradation research platform. Additionally, the interplay among composite components during degradation and the biological function of composites under non-responsive/stimuli-responsive platforms are also discussed. Finally, we hope that this review will benefit future clinical applications of "structure-function" integrated biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119276, Singapore
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglin Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119276, Singapore
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
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Rivkin B, Akbar F, Otto M, Beyer L, Paul B, Kosiba K, Gustmann T, Hufenbach J, Medina-Sánchez M. Remotely Controlled Electrochemical Degradation of Metallic Implants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307742. [PMID: 38326101 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable medical implants promise to benefit patients by eliminating risks and discomfort associated with permanent implantation or surgical removal. The time until full resorption is largely determined by the implant's material composition, geometric design, and surface properties. Implants with a fixed residence time, however, cannot account for the needs of individual patients, thereby imposing limits on personalization. Here, an active Fe-based implant system is reported whose biodegradation is controlled remotely and in situ. This is achieved by incorporating a galvanic cell within the implant. An external and wireless signal is used to activate the on-board electronic circuit that controls the corrosion current between the implant body and an integrated counter electrode. This configuration leads to the accelerated degradation of the implant and allows to harvest electrochemical energy that is naturally released by corrosion. In this study, the electrochemical properties of the Fe-30Mn-1C/Pt galvanic cell model system is first investigated and high-resolution X-ray microcomputed tomography is used to evaluate the galvanic degradation of stent structures. Subsequently, a centimeter-sized active implant prototype is assembled with conventional electronic components and the remotely controlled corrosion is tested in vitro. Furthermore, strategies toward the miniaturization and full biodegradability of this system are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Rivkin
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Farzin Akbar
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Otto
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Beyer
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Paul
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Konrad Kosiba
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Gustmann
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Hufenbach
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Mariana Medina-Sánchez
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Molecular Bioengineering (B CUBE), Chair of Micro- and Nano Systems, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- CIC nanoGUNE-BRTA, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
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Cooper K, Cawthon CV, Goel E, Atigh M, Christians U, Yazdani SK. The Development of an ex vivo Flow System to Assess Acute Arterial Drug Retention of Cardiovascular Intravascular Devices. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:675188. [PMID: 35047927 PMCID: PMC8757813 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.675188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study was to develop an ex vivo system capable of rapidly evaluating arterial drug levels in living, isolated porcine carotid arteries. Methods: A vascular bioreactor system was developed that housed a native porcine carotid artery under physiological flow conditions. The ex vivo bioreactor system was designed to quantify the acute drug transfer of catheter-based drug delivery devices into explanted carotid arteries. To evaluate our ex vivo system, a paclitaxel-coated balloon and a perfusion catheter device delivering liquid paclitaxel were utilized. At 1-h post-drug delivery, arteries were removed, and paclitaxel drug levels measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Parallel experiments were performed in a pig model to validate ex vivo measurements. Results: LC-MS/MS analysis demonstrated arterial paclitaxel levels of the drug-coated balloon-treated arteries to be 48.49 ± 24.09 ng/mg and the perfusion catheter-treated arteries to be 25.42 ± 9.74 ng/mg at 1 h in the ex vivo system. Similar results were measured in vivo, as arterial paclitaxel concentrations were measured at 59.23 ± 41.27 ng/mg for the drug-coated balloon-treated arteries and 23.43 ± 20.23 ng/mg for the perfusion catheter-treated arteries. Overall, no significant differences were observed between paclitaxel measurements of arteries treated ex vivo vs. in vivo. Conclusion: This system represents the first validated ex vivo pulsatile system to determine pharmacokinetics in a native blood vessel. This work provides proof-of-concept of a quick, inexpensive, preclinical tool to study acute drug tissue concentration kinetics of drug-releasing interventional vascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Cooper
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Claire V Cawthon
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Emily Goel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Marzieh Atigh
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Saami K Yazdani
- Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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